{"id":10080,"date":"2020-05-11T19:30:00","date_gmt":"2020-05-11T16:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/?p=10080&preview=true&preview_id=10080"},"modified":"2020-05-05T12:53:40","modified_gmt":"2020-05-05T09:53:40","slug":"havadan-sudan-tarimdan-ve-siyasetten-konusmak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/havadan-sudan-tarimdan-ve-siyasetten-konusmak\/","title":{"rendered":"Havadan-sudan, tar\u0131mdan ve siyasetten konu\u015fmak"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/h2>\n

Ulusal g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve tar\u0131m felsefesi<\/strong><\/h2>\n

D\u00fcnya aylard\u0131r COVID-19 salg\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n etkisi alt\u0131nda, uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r ya\u015famad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir fevkaladelik i\u00e7inde. Yak\u0131n zamanlarda farkl\u0131 konularda b\u00f6ylesi ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fcl\u00fckler, b\u00f6lgesel ve k\u00fcresel krizler ya\u015fand\u0131 ama oralarda farkl\u0131 rollerde ve \u00e7ok say\u0131da taraflar vard\u0131 ve b\u00f6ylesine \u2018k\u00fcresel\u2019 bir ortak tehdit de\u011fillerdi. \u00d6ncekiler en az\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7lerce y\u00f6netilebilir d\u00fczeydeydi.<\/em><\/p>\n

Ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z pandemide adeta d\u00fcnya \u00fclkeleri bir yanda, COVID-19 bir yanda. \u0130lerde siyasi g\u00fc\u00e7 m\u00fccadelesi mutlaka ortaya \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131r, ancak \u015fimdilik ba\u015fta ilgili bilim insanlar\u0131 ve kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6nlendirmesiyle t\u00fcm \u00fclke y\u00f6netimleri bu ortak d\u00fc\u015fmana kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015fbirli\u011fi i\u00e7inde g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyorlar. \u00c7ok karma\u015f\u0131k bir y\u00f6netim ve y\u00f6neti\u015fim g\u00f6r\u00fcng\u00fcs\u00fc ya\u015fan\u0131yor. Her \u00fclke, insanlar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumak yan\u0131nda g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011finin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirli\u011fi konusunda da ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc \u00e7aba harc\u0131yor. <\/em><\/p>\n

\u00dclkemizde herkes do\u011fu\u015ftan ve do\u011fal olarak birer havadan-sudan, tar\u0131mdan ve siyasetten konu\u015fma ustas\u0131d\u0131r!\u2026 <\/em><\/p>\n

Bir konuyu uzun s\u00fcre ve geli\u015fig\u00fczel konu\u015fmak, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler \u00fcretebildi\u011fi kadar da s\u0131radanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r, ola\u011fanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r ve sonunda bitirir. Sadece kamuoyu ilgisi t\u00fcketilmez, konuyla ilgili makamlar\u0131, kurumlar\u0131 ve uzmanl\u0131klar\u0131 da yorar ve potansiyellerini kullanamaz hale getirir. Milli enerji laf kalabal\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kaynar gider. <\/em><\/p>\n

G\u0131da krizi rejimleri ve iktidarlar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiriyor<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Tarih boyunca hep hayati olsa, b\u00fcy\u00fck sava\u015flara, g\u00f6\u00e7lere, istilalara, kurulu toplumsal d\u00fczenlerin ve devletlerin \u00e7\u00f6kmesine sebep olsa da \u2018G\u0131da G\u00fcvenli\u011fi\u2019<\/em> kavram\u0131yla d\u00fcnya kamuoyu (k\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte) ilk olarak D\u00fcnya Ticaret \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc Tar\u0131m M\u00fczakerelerinin (2002-2006) \u00e7etin ortam\u0131ndaki tart\u0131\u015fmalarla tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ger\u00e7i Avrupa Birli\u011fi Ortak Tar\u0131m Politikas\u0131n\u0131n ilk prensiplerinden biri 1960\u2019lardan beri g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fidir. DT\u00d6 tar\u0131m m\u00fczakerelerinde tan\u0131m\u0131, tarifi ve kapsam\u0131yla ilgili geni\u015f bir m\u00fcktesebat olu\u015fturuldu. Bu kavramlar\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131nda FAO, WFP, OECD gibi uluslararas\u0131 ve akademik kurulu\u015flar\u0131n teknik deste\u011fi oldu. Daha sonra 2006-2008 y\u0131llar\u0131ndaki d\u00fcnya g\u0131da krizi ve 2009\u2019daki ekonomik krizle yeniden g\u00fcndeme oturdu ve art\u0131k \u00fclkelerin tar\u0131m ve g\u0131da politikalar\u0131n\u0131n ayr\u0131lmaz par\u00e7as\u0131 olageldi. D\u00fcnya g\u0131da krizi, bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkede iktidarlar\u0131n ve rejimlerin de\u011fi\u015fmesine sebep oldu veya dramatik de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri tetikledi.<\/em><\/p>\n

FAO taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenen D\u00fcnya G\u0131da Zirvesi yap\u0131ld\u0131 ve neticede Fransa\u2019n\u0131n G-20 d\u00f6nem ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda, b\u00f6ylesi olas\u0131 krizlerin ayak seslerini veya kokusunu duyarak k\u00fcresel bir hale gelmeden k\u00fcresel \u00f6nlemler alabilmek bak\u0131m\u0131ndan k\u00fcresel bir AMIS (Tar\u0131msal Piyasalar\u0131 \u0130zleme-Bilgi Sistemi Mekanizmas\u0131) olu\u015fturuldu. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara teknik ve stratejik deste\u011finden dolay\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de zaman\u0131n Tar\u0131m Bakan\u0131na (ve \u015fahs\u0131ma) G-20 d\u00f6nem Ba\u015fkan\u0131 s\u0131fat\u0131yla Fransa taraf\u0131ndan Tar\u0131m Lejyoneri Ni\u015fan\u0131 verildi. Daha sonra bu, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de siyasette ve medyada \u2018Fransa, T\u00fcrkiye Tar\u0131m Bakan\u0131na Frans\u0131z tar\u0131m\u0131na deste\u011finden dolay\u0131 madalya verdi\u2019 \u015feklinde yer ald\u0131.<\/em> Hasbelkader ben de \u00fclkemiz tar\u0131m politikalar\u0131nda bu konularda teknik katk\u0131larda ve AB uyum s\u00fcrecinde desteklerde bulundum; Endonezya ve Azerbaycan \u00dclke Tar\u0131msal Kalk\u0131nma ve G\u0131da G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Programlar\u0131n\u0131 FAO \u00dclke Temsilcisi s\u0131fat\u0131yla haz\u0131rlad\u0131m. Tayland Bangkok\u2019ta y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya \u00dclkeleri B\u00f6lgesel G\u0131da G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Program\u0131ndaki k\u0131demliler ekibinde yer ald\u0131m. Edindi\u011fim bu tecr\u00fcbelerden, insanl\u0131k tarihi boyunca g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011finin \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc boyutlar\u0131 i\u00e7indeki basit g\u00f6r\u00fcnen (beslenme ve hayatta kalma) karma\u015f\u0131k paradoksun d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u015fu veya bu b\u00f6lgelerde sadece insan de\u011fil t\u00fcm canl\u0131lar i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011funu ve asl\u0131nda d\u00fcnyan\u0131n esasl\u0131 sorunlar\u0131ndan birinin de bu oldu\u011funu anlad\u0131m. <\/em><\/p>\n

Her \u00fclke, BM kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n da (FAO, WFP, WB, IMF, IFAD gibi\u2026) teknik deste\u011fi ve y\u00f6nlendirici prensipleriyle, milli g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi programlar\u0131 haz\u0131rlay\u0131p uygulamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkeler geli\u015fme yolundaki ve en az geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelere resmi kalk\u0131nma yard\u0131m\u0131 (ve sosyal sorumluluk) kapsam\u0131nda ulusal g\u0131da g\u00fcvenliklerinde iyile\u015ftirme yard\u0131mlar\u0131 yap\u0131yorlar. G\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi BM\u2019nin bir \u00f6nceki 10 y\u0131ll\u0131k Biny\u0131l Kalk\u0131nma Program\u0131nda<\/em> (MDG) vard\u0131. \u015eimdi de \u2018S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir Kalk\u0131nma Program\u0131nda\u2019<\/em> (SDG) var.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnyay\u0131 saran g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi tela\u015f\u0131 <\/strong><\/h2>\n

D\u00fcnya g\u0131da krizi sonras\u0131 d\u00fcnyada bir s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi tela\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flad\u0131. 1960\u2019lardan sonra ye\u015fil devrimin ve uluslararas\u0131 tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ticaret hacminin de artmas\u0131yla, zengin \u00fclkelerce \u00f6nem derecesi g\u00f6reli olarak azalm\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcnen kendine yeterlilik konusu yeniden \u00f6ncelikli ulusal stratejiler haline geldi. Temel g\u0131da maddeleri \u00fcretiminde kendine yeterlilik oranlar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ama ekonomik durumlar\u0131 iyi, zengin \u00fclkeler, \u00f6zellikle de b\u00fcy\u00fck tar\u0131msal \u00fcretim ve ticareti yapan uluslararas\u0131 firmalar d\u00fcnyan\u0131n her yerinde geni\u015f topraklar\u0131 uzun vadeli kiralayarak g\u0131da g\u00fcvenliklerini sa\u011flama yoluna girdiler. Baz\u0131 \u00fclkeler bir\u00e7ok yoksul, geli\u015fmemi\u015f \u00fclkelerdeki oligar\u015fik, antidemokratik ve despotik y\u00f6netimleriyle de i\u015f birli\u011fi i\u00e7inde tar\u0131m topraklar\u0131n\u0131 kapatt\u0131lar (Land Grabbing). Baz\u0131 \u00fclkeler daha insani, daha sosyal, \u00e7evresel ve ekolojik dengelere duyarl\u0131 davrand\u0131lar. (T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Sudan\u2019da, T\u0130GEM taraf\u0131ndan, tar\u0131m i\u015fletmesi kurmas\u0131 da bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te geli\u015fti).<\/em> O topraklar \u00fcst\u00fcndeki y\u00fcz milyonlarca k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, ge\u00e7imlik d\u00fczeydeki \u00fcreticileri ma\u011fdur ettiler. Sonraki y\u0131llarda FAO, benim de Endonezya\u2019dan kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131m, Milli G\u0131da G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Kapsam\u0131nda Tar\u0131m topraklar\u0131, Bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k ve Orman alanlar\u0131n\u0131n Kiralanmas\u0131nda G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc Sorumluluk \u0130lkelerini<\/em> ( VGGT) belirleyerek \u00fcyesi oldu\u011fu t\u00fcm \u00fclkeleri ve uluslararas\u0131 g\u0131da firmalar\u0131n\u0131 bu y\u00f6nde uygulamalara \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

G\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve g\u0131da g\u00fcvenirli\u011fi<\/strong><\/h2>\n

G\u0131da G\u00fcvenli\u011fi her kesimden, herkesin dilinde. \u00c7o\u011fu kere g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi<\/em> (food security) kavram\u0131yla, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 g\u0131da veya g\u0131da g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fi<\/em> (food safety) kavram\u0131 kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmakta. Bu s\u0131ralarda b\u00fcy\u00fck ana ak\u0131m medyada ve sosyal medyada kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan di\u011fer kavramlar da \u2018Stratejik \u00dcr\u00fcnler\u2019<\/em> (strategic agricultural products), \u2018Hassas \u00dcr\u00fcnler\u2019<\/em> (sensitive agricultural products) ve \u2018\u00d6zel \u00dcr\u00fcnlerdir\u2019<\/em> (special agricultural products). Bu \u00fcr\u00fcn gruplar\u0131 ve nas\u0131l grupland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 \u00fclkelere g\u00f6re politik, ekonomik ve uluslararas\u0131 ticarette; \u00fcreticiler ve t\u00fcketiciler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 anlamlara ve uygulamalara konudur. Bunlara bir de \u00d6zel Tar\u0131msal Koruma Mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131 ilave etmek gerekir<\/em> (SSM – Special Agricultural Safeguard Mechanism). DT\u00d6 Tar\u0131m M\u00fczakerelerinde kapsaml\u0131 bir anla\u015fmaya var\u0131lamad\u0131 ama bu kavramlar insanl\u0131k tar\u0131m terminolojisinin<\/em> par\u00e7as\u0131 oldular. Bu kavramlar\u0131n tan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00fclkemiz bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nemini a\u00e7\u0131klamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak yaz\u0131y\u0131 uzatmak istemem. Her bilgi, isteyenin istedi\u011fi geni\u015flik ve derinlikte ula\u015f\u0131labilir durumdad\u0131r (bu konuda DT\u00d6 Tar\u0131m M\u00fczakereleri ve T\u00fcrkiye konulu makaleme, TOBB \u00dcniversitesi TEPAV yay\u0131nlar\u0131na bak\u0131labilir).<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye 2.D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131ndan beri kitlesel k\u0131tl\u0131k ve a\u00e7l\u0131k \u00e7ekmedi. Ancak yetersiz ve dengesiz beslenme sorun olarak hep var olageldi. Tar\u0131m politikalar\u0131 ve g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi konular\u0131nda yap\u0131lan politik tart\u0131\u015fmalar \u2018sen k\u00f6t\u00fc yapt\u0131n\u2019, \u2018ben daha iyi yapar\u0131m\u2019 d\u00fczey ve derinli\u011fini ge\u00e7medi. Siyasi iktidarlar\u0131n ufuksuzluk, \u015fa\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131k ve beceriksizlik d\u00f6nemleri oldu.<\/em> Baz\u0131lar\u0131 biraz daha iyi, baz\u0131lar\u0131 biraz daha k\u00f6t\u00fc bir \u015feyler yapt\u0131 ve bunlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu da d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan \u00f6nerildi. Yani kalk\u0131nmada, geli\u015fmede; de\u011fi\u015fim ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmde uzun vadeli kesinti olmad\u0131.<\/em> S\u00fcrekli olumsuzluk ve umutsuzluk dalgalar\u0131 yayman\u0131n; milli enerjinin g\u00fcndelik siyasete ara\u00e7 yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n hi\u00e7bir kesime uzun vadede bir yarar\u0131n\u0131n olmayaca\u011f\u0131 tar\u0131m tarihi felsefesinden izlenebilir.<\/p>\n

G\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc, karma\u015f\u0131k; farkl\u0131 teknik ve politik g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flere a\u00e7\u0131k bir konudur. D\u00fczinelerce \u00f6neri s\u0131ralanabilir. Nitekim yap\u0131l\u0131yor da\u2026 Benim \u00f6zellikle dikkate getirmek istedi\u011fim birka\u00e7 husus: <\/em><\/p>\n

Stratejik \u00fcr\u00fcn, hassas \u00fcr\u00fcn, \u00f6zel \u00fcr\u00fcn<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Tar\u0131m politikalar\u0131 olu\u015fturulurken stratejik \u00fcr\u00fcn, hassas \u00fcr\u00fcn, \u00f6zel \u00fcr\u00fcn<\/em> gruplar\u0131n\u0131n zaman\u0131n gereklerine g\u00f6re (ulusal g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, \u00fcretim, t\u00fcketim, ihracat, g\u0131da end\u00fcstrisi, \u00fcretici ge\u00e7im ve refah g\u00fcvenli\u011fi vs.) ele al\u0131n\u0131p \u00fcretimde s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirlik politika form\u00fclasyonunda her kademede yer almal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Tar\u0131m politika ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n (ve tabi ki destekleme sistemlerinin) buna g\u00f6re belirlenmesi;<\/li>\n
  2. \u0130thalat ve ihracatta tar\u0131msal korunma mekanizmas\u0131 kurulmas\u0131 ve \u015fimdiki gibi ithalat vergi oranlar\u0131n\u0131 (g\u00fcmr\u00fck) artt\u0131r\u0131p azaltarak haks\u0131z ve yanl\u0131 uygulamalara konu olan k\u0131sa vadeli tedbirlerin istikrarl\u0131 bir sisteme oturtulmas\u0131;<\/li>\n
  3. Her bakan ve y\u00f6netim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finde ve her mevsimde de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fe gidilmemesi;<\/li>\n
  4. \u00c7at\u0131 politikalar\u0131nda \u00e7evre ve agro-ekosistemin korunmas\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn ortak bile\u015fen olarak kabul\u00fc;<\/li>\n
  5. Do\u011fal kaynak kullan\u0131m\u0131nda s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirlik, iyi tar\u0131m ilkelerinin uygulanmas\u0131;<\/li>\n
  6. \u00d6zellikle de\u011fi\u015fen sosyolojik yap\u0131n\u0131n<\/em> (\u015fehirle\u015fme, tar\u0131mdan ayr\u0131lma, gen\u00e7lerin tar\u0131mdan uzakla\u015fmas\u0131, gelir g\u00fcvenli\u011finin giderek d\u00fc\u015fmesi vs.) ve belirleyicilerin dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131; e\u011fitimli, gen\u00e7 n\u00fcfusun tar\u0131ma y\u00f6nelmesinin te\u015fviki;<\/li>\n
  7. \u00c7ift\u00e7i ve yeti\u015ftiricinin modern d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u015fartlar\u0131yla uyumlu bir \u2018hayat tarz\u0131na\u2019<\/em> \u00f6zendirilmesi;<\/li>\n
  8. \u00dcreticiye \u2018ge\u00e7im g\u00fcvenli\u011fi\u2019 \u00f6tesinde bir \u2018refah g\u00fcvenli\u011fi\u2019<\/em> seviyesi hedeflenerek, di\u011fer politikalarla da desteklenen bir sistem olu\u015fturulmas\u0131;<\/li>\n
  9. Tar\u0131mda g\u00f6\u00e7, g\u00f6\u00e7men ve mevsimlik<\/em> i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc konular\u0131 esasl\u0131 bir g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irme ve modelleme ihtiyac\u0131ndad\u0131r (Suriye, Afgan vd g\u00f6\u00e7ler);<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    olarak s\u0131ralanabilir.<\/p>\n

    Mesele yine bir deneme yaz\u0131mda ifadeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m;\u2018Birim alandan en y\u00fcksek bu\u011fday \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in; toprak, tohum, g\u00fcbre, \u0131s\u0131, \u0131\u015f\u0131k, su, rutubet, hava durumu, mevsim, ekoloji, ekipman, zamanlama\u2026 vs bir\u00e7ok parametrenin her birinin uygun olmas\u0131 yan\u0131nda \u2018\u00e7ift\u00e7i\u2019nin de ba\u015fl\u0131ba\u015f\u0131na bir fakt\u00f6r olmas\u0131 gibi; \u2018siyaset\u2019in ve devlet otoritesinin de yetkin, yeterli ve uyumlu olmas\u0131 gerekiyor.\u2019 konusuna geliyor ve tar\u0131m politikas\u0131na dayan\u0131yor.<\/em><\/p>\n

    Tarih boyunca belli ba\u015far\u0131lar, bir\u00e7ok belirleyici bile\u015fenin \u015fu veya bu \u015fekilde bir araya geldi\u011fi veya getirildi\u011fi, insan ve do\u011fal kaynaklar ile bilimsel ve teknolojik kaynaklar\u0131n ak\u0131ll\u0131ca, yeterince, zaman\u0131nda, uyumlu olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131yla ve y\u00fcksek bir motivasyonla sa\u011flanabilmi\u015ftir. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te en belirleyici bile\u015fenlerin ba\u015f\u0131nda da politika belirleyici, koyucu ve uygulay\u0131c\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7, iktidar gelir. \u0130ktidar\u0131n k\u0131lavuzu ve k\u0131rbac\u0131; bir bak\u0131ma motive edicisi de muhalefettir. Bu ifadelerim g\u00fcn\u00fcbirlik konu\u015fma ve yazmadaki \u2018siyaset\u2019, \u2018politikac\u0131\u2019 (politics) anlam\u0131nda de\u011fildir; bilakis \u2018policy\u2019 anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r (T\u00fcrk\u00e7e kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 tam oturtamad\u0131\u011f\u0131m i\u00e7in ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcze\u2026).\u2019 <\/em><\/p>\n

    COVID-19 vesilesiyle g\u00fcndemde olan; \u00fclkemizde \u2018hava-su\u2019, \u2018tar\u0131m\u2019 ve \u2018siyaset\u2019 gibi herkesin do\u011fal ve do\u011fu\u015ftan uzmanl\u0131k alanlar\u0131ndan olan \u2018g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi\u2019 konusunu<\/em> d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrken, akl\u0131ma kaz\u0131nan filozofik bir yakla\u015f\u0131m geldi.<\/p>\n

    \"\"

    Malcolm Stansfield<\/p><\/div>\n

    \u0130ngiltere\u2019de Reading \u00dcniversitesinde Tar\u0131msal \u0130\u015fletme Y\u00f6netimi mast\u0131r\u0131 yap\u0131yordum. O y\u0131llarda, t\u00fcm AB \u00fclkelerinde MacSharry Reformu<\/em> olarak bilinen AB Ortak Tar\u0131m Politikas\u0131 (OTP) Reformu tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yordu. Tar\u0131ma verilen desteklerin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131, tar\u0131msal \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde fiyat desteklerinin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmesi, bundan dolay\u0131 \u00fcreticilerin gelir kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131n da \u00fcretimle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 do\u011frudan \u00f6deme sistemiyle<\/em> (coupled direct payments<\/em>) telafi edilmesi tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yordu (daha sonraki y\u0131llarda bu \u00fcretimden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z do\u011frudan destek sistemi<\/em> \u2013 decoupled support system<\/em>– olarak uygulanmaya ba\u015fland\u0131).<\/p>\n

    Tar\u0131m i\u015fletmelerine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z onlarca gezilerde, arabam olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, beni b\u00f6l\u00fcm direkt\u00f6r\u00fc ve Reading \u00fcniversitesinin g\u00f6r\u00fcnen (ve asl\u0131 zor g\u00f6r\u00fclebilen) y\u00fcz\u00fc Malcolm Stansfield al\u0131yordu. Biz ailecek b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ac\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131k ve Malcolm\u2019un e\u015fi kanser hastas\u0131yd\u0131; bu bizi \u2018ortak-ac\u0131 dostu\u2019 yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Malcolm\u2019a bir yolculukta \u2018Destekler azal\u0131yor, k\u0131rsal alan\u0131n ve \u00e7evrenin korunmas\u0131, yaban hayat\u0131n canland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, \u00fcretim fazlas\u0131ndan kurtulma vs. sebebiyle \u00fcreticiler k\u0131ska\u00e7 aras\u0131nda ve bask\u0131 alt\u0131nda, bu beni \u00fcreticiler ad\u0131na \u00e7ok kayg\u0131land\u0131r\u0131yor\u2019 demi\u015ftim. Malcolm arabay\u0131 yava\u015flat\u0131p, a\u011fz\u0131ndaki sak\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7i\u011fnemeyi b\u0131rak\u0131p, o me\u015fhur komik ama babacan mimikleriyle y\u00fcz\u00fcme bakarak; \u2018Kayg\u0131lanma\u2026 \u0130nsanlar yemek zorunda\u2026 \u00d6n\u00fcnde-sonunda birileri \u00fcrettirir, birileri \u00fcretir\u2019 demi\u015fti. Tar\u0131m felsefesini b\u00f6yle birka\u00e7 kelimeyle ifade eden duymam\u0131\u015ft\u0131m, hala da duymad\u0131m\u2026 Reading \u00dcniversitesinin \u00f6\u011fretim y\u0131l\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f konu\u015fmas\u0131nda \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin tar\u0131msal yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131; tahtaya aceleyle bir \u00fc\u00e7gen \u00e7izerek ve onu da tekrar \u00fc\u00e7e b\u00f6lerek \u00f6yle bir anlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ki salondaki herkes hayret ve hayranl\u0131kla mest olmu\u015ftu. Yaz\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na resmini koydu\u011fum, ac\u0131 orta\u011f\u0131m bu adam\u0131 sayg\u0131 ve \u015f\u00fckranla an\u0131yorum. <\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u00dclkemizde herkes do\u011fu\u015ftan ve do\u011fal olarak birer havadan-sudan, tar\u0131mdan ve siyasetten konu\u015fma ustas\u0131d\u0131r!\u2026 Bir konuyu uzun s\u00fcre ve geli\u015fig\u00fczel konu\u015fmak, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler \u00fcretebildi\u011fi kadar da s\u0131radanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Tar\u0131m\u0131n bile felsefesi vard\u0131r….<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":140,"featured_media":10085,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[63,66,67,68],"tags":[1275,1316,1315,1319,1317,1322,1320,1323,1318,1321],"yoast_head":"\nHavadan-sudan, tar\u0131mdan ve siyasetten konu\u015fmak - M\u0130SAK- Mill\u00ee Strateji Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurulu<\/title>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/havadan-sudan-tarimdan-ve-siyasetten-konusmak\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Havadan-sudan, tar\u0131mdan ve siyasetten konu\u015fmak - M\u0130SAK- Mill\u00ee Strateji Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurulu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00dclkemizde herkes do\u011fu\u015ftan ve do\u011fal olarak birer havadan-sudan, tar\u0131mdan ve siyasetten konu\u015fma ustas\u0131d\u0131r!\u2026 Bir konuyu uzun s\u00fcre ve geli\u015fig\u00fczel konu\u015fmak, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler \u00fcretebildi\u011fi kadar da s\u0131radanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. 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