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\u0130kbal Vurucu (\u0130V): <\/strong>\u00dcmit Hocam, tarihin pek \u00e7ok konusunda oldu\u011fu gibi Cumhuriyet Tarihi ile ilgili baz\u0131 konular g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde belirli ideolojik gruplar taraf\u0131ndan s\u00fcrekli g\u00fcndeme getirilmekte ve tart\u0131\u015fmaya a\u00e7\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Milli M\u00fccadele\u2019nin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 ile ilgili tarih\u00ee ger\u00e7eklerle ve bilimsel yakla\u015f\u0131mla uyu\u015fmayan iddialar s\u00f6z konusudur. Bu konular\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda da Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn 19 May\u0131s 1919 Samsun\u2019a \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve Mill\u00ee M\u00fccadele\u2019nin ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131 gelmektedir. 19 May\u0131s tarihinin mill\u00ee tarihimizdeki \u00f6nemi nedir? Neden bir tart\u0131\u015fma konusu yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r?<\/em><\/p>\n \u00dcmit Do\u011fan (\u00dcD)<\/strong>:<\/strong> Belirli ideolojik gruplar\u0131n mill\u00ee m\u00fccadeleyi tart\u0131\u015fmaya a\u00e7mas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131nda Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fc itibars\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131rma \u00e7abas\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Bu do\u011frultuda ortaya at\u0131lan iddialar\u0131n zaman zaman birbiriyle \u00e7eli\u015fti\u011fine de \u015fahit oluyor; bir zaman Mill\u00ee M\u00fccadele\u2019nin hi\u00e7 yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn \u0130ngilizlere verdi\u011fi hilafeti kald\u0131rma s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn ard\u0131ndan i\u015fgalin sonra erdi\u011fini savunan odaklar\u0131n, bir ba\u015fka zaman Mill\u00ee M\u00fccadele\u2019nin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul ettiklerini, bu sefer de Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn Mill\u00ee M\u00fccadele i\u00e7indeki rol\u00fcn\u00fc k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcltmek i\u00e7in Vahdettin\u2019i \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kartarak Mill\u00ee M\u00fccadeleyi planlama ve y\u00f6netme i\u015fini Vahdettin\u2019e y\u00fckleyip Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fc sadece verilen emri uygulayan bir subay kimli\u011fine sokmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz.<\/p>\n \u0130V: <\/strong>19 May\u0131s 1919 da Mustafa Kemal\u2019in Anadolu\u2019ya ge\u00e7i\u015fi ile ilgili t\u00fcm belgeler ortada iken Vahdettin\u2019i aklamak ad\u0131na Mustafa Kemal\u2019i Anadolu\u2019ya gizli bir g\u00f6revle, yani \u00fclkeyi kurtarmas\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00f6nderdi\u011fini iddia etmektedirler. Bu iddialar\u0131n\u0131 da Vahdettin\u2019in Mustafa Kemal Anadolu\u2019ya ge\u00e7meden \u00f6nce Vahdettin\u2019i ziyareti s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u201dPa\u015fa Pa\u015fa bu millete \u00e7ok hizmet ettin millet senden yeni hizmetler bekliyor\u201d diyerek g\u00f6revi vermesine dayand\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Sizin Vahdettin ve Mustafa Kemal\u2019le ilgili de bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131z var. Neden Mustafa Kemal? Ba\u015fka bir komutan de\u011fil de Mustafa Kemal Anadolu\u2019ya g\u00f6nderiliyor? Mustafa Kemal\u2019in \u00f6zel bir g\u00fcndemi var m\u0131yd\u0131? Varsa bu neydi?\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n \u00dcD<\/strong>:<\/strong> Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n Samsun’a \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f s\u00fcreci \u015f\u00f6yle geli\u015fmi\u015fti: M\u00fctarekeden sonra Karadeniz b\u00f6lgesinde ya\u015fayan Rum ahali, ba\u015fta Topal Osman olmak \u00fczere, T\u00fcrk direni\u015f\u00e7ilerden zul\u00fcm g\u00f6rd\u00fcklerini s\u00f6yleyerek \u0130ngiltere\u2019den yard\u0131m istemi\u015flerdi. H\u00fckumetten bu olaylar\u0131n son bulmas\u0131n\u0131 talep eden \u0130ngiltere, Osmanl\u0131’n\u0131n olaylar\u0131 yat\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00fcc\u00fc yetmeyecek olursa b\u00f6lgeye m\u00fcdahale edeceklerini bildirmi\u015fti. H\u00fckumet, olas\u0131 bir i\u015fgalin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mek amac\u0131yla Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa’y\u0131 b\u00f6lgede asayi\u015fi sa\u011flamas\u0131, T\u00fcrk direni\u015f\u00e7ilerin silahlar\u0131n\u0131 toplamas\u0131, olu\u015fturulan birlikler var ise bunlar\u0131 da\u011f\u0131tmas\u0131 gibi bir sorumlulukla Samsun\u2019a g\u00f6nderdi. Buradaki ama\u00e7 olaylar\u0131 yat\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin b\u00f6lgeye m\u00fcdahale gerek\u00e7esini ortadan kald\u0131rmak, b\u00f6ylece Karadeniz b\u00f6lgesinin i\u015fgal edilmesini engellemekti.<\/p>\n Gelelim Vahdettin\u2019in Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa’y\u0131 Samsun\u2019a gitmeden \u00f6nce kabul etti\u011fi s\u0131rada s\u00f6yledi\u011fi “Pa\u015fa Pa\u015fa, devleti kurtarabilirsin”<\/em> s\u00f6z\u00fcne..<\/p>\n Vahdettin\u2019in \u00f6teden beri \u0130ngiltere yanl\u0131s\u0131 bir siyaset izledi\u011fini biliyoruz. M\u00fctareke g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeleri i\u00e7in Mondros\u2019a giden heyet \u015fartlar\u0131n \u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131r oldu\u011funu \u0130stanbul\u2019a bildirdi\u011fi zaman Vahdettin, \u015fartlar ne denli a\u011f\u0131r olursa olsun ate\u015fkesin mutlaka yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini, a\u011f\u0131r \u015fartlar\u0131n \u0130ngiliz dostlu\u011fu sayesinde zamanla hafifletilebilece\u011fini s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir. Vahdettin\u2019in bu tavr\u0131 m\u00fctarekeden sonra da de\u011fi\u015fmedi. Vahdettin\u2019e g\u00f6re kurtulu\u015fun yolu Avrupa\u2019ya “Osmanl\u0131 art\u0131k uslu duruyor” mesaj\u0131n\u0131 verip m\u00fcttefiklerin Osmanl\u0131 Devletinin gelece\u011fi hakk\u0131nda alacaklar\u0131 karar\u0131 olabildi\u011fince yumu\u015fatmaktan ge\u00e7iyordu. Bir ba\u015fka ifadeyle Vahdettin\u2019in kurtulu\u015fu emperyalizmin merhametine s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmakta bulmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Vahdettin\u2019in Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015faya “Pa\u015fa Pa\u015fa, devleti kurtarabilirsin” s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn ard\u0131nda gidip “Mill\u00ee M\u00fccadele\u2019yi ba\u015flat” talimat\u0131 yoktur. Vahdettin burada Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa\u2019dan b\u00f6lgedeki olaylar\u0131 yat\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131, T\u00fcrk direni\u015f\u00e7ilerin silahlar\u0131n\u0131 toplamas\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015fti. Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa b\u00f6yle yaparsa \u0130ngilizler\u2019i ho\u015f tutacak ve yakla\u015fan konferansta Osmanl\u0131 Devleti ad\u0131na al\u0131nacak karar\u0131 yumu\u015fatacak, Vahdettin\u2019e g\u00f6re “devleti kurtarm\u0131\u015f” olacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n Zaten Atat\u00fcrk an\u0131lar\u0131nda bu meseleye tart\u0131\u015fmaya yer vermeyecek derecede a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k getirmi\u015f ve \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n “Memleketi kurtarmak l\u00e2z\u0131md\u0131r, istersem bunu yapabilirmi\u015fim. Nas\u0131l hemen h\u00fck\u00fcm veririm? Vahideddin demek istiyordu ki hi\u00e7bir kuvvetimiz yoktur. Tek dayana\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u0130stanbul\u2019a hakim olanlar\u0131n siyasetine uymakt\u0131r. Benim memuriyetim onlar\u0131n \u015fik\u00e2yet ettikleri meseleleri halletmektir. E\u011fer onlar\u0131 memnun edebilirsem memleketi ve halk\u0131 bu siyasetin do\u011fru oldu\u011funa inand\u0131rabilirsem ve bu siyasete kar\u015f\u0131 gelen T\u00fcrkleri cezaland\u0131r\u0131rsam Vahideddin\u2019in arzular\u0131n\u0131 yerine getirmi\u015f olacakt\u0131m.”<\/p>\n \u0130V: <\/strong>23 Nisan 1920 de TBMM\u2019nin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra Vahdettin Anadolu hareketinin ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u0130ngilizlerle ortak hareket etti. 20 Nisan 1920\u2019de devletin resmi gazetesi Takvimi Vekayi\u2019de yay\u0131nlanan \u015eeyh\u00fclislam fetvas\u0131 \u0130ngiliz U\u00e7aklar\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla Anadolu\u2019nun \u00e7e\u015fitli y\u00f6relerine da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131. Fetvan\u0131n ard\u0131ndan \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu Teali \u0130slam Cemiyeti \u00fcyesi olan din adamlar\u0131 Heyeti Nasihalar olu\u015fturup kasaba kasaba dola\u015ft\u0131. Mustafa Kemal ve arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 vatan haini, Allahs\u0131z Bol\u015fevikler olarak ilan etti.\u00a0Bu tabloyu nas\u0131l de\u011ferlendirmeliyiz?<\/em><\/p>\n \u00dcD<\/strong>:<\/strong> Vahdettin\u2019in artarak devam eden \u0130ngiliz yanl\u0131s\u0131 siyasetinin 1920 y\u0131l\u0131 Nisan ay\u0131nda Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa ve Kuvayi Milliye d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktas\u0131na geldi\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. \u0130hanet belgesi olarak Kuvayi Milliyecilerin katledilmesinin farz oldu\u011funa dair yay\u0131nlanan \u015eeyh\u00fclislam Fetvas\u0131 ve Kuvayi Milliyeye destek verenlerin cezaland\u0131r\u0131lacaklar\u0131n\u0131 bildiren Damat Ferit H\u00fck\u00fcmeti Beyannamesi \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131ksa da bunlar\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 emreden Vahdettin\u2019in yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Hatt-\u0131 H\u00fcmayundur. Vahdettin burada \u00fclkede d\u00fczelmeye ba\u015flayan siyasi milliyet ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda yap\u0131lan kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klara tekrar bozulmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek bunun durdurulmas\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015ftir. Hem hatt\u0131 h\u00fcmayun, hem h\u00fck\u00fcmet beyannamesi, hem de fetva 11 Nisan 1920 tarihli Takvimi Vekayi\u2019de yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yunan u\u00e7aklar\u0131ndan at\u0131lan bildirilerde yaln\u0131z fetva de\u011fil, hatt\u0131 h\u00fcmayun ve h\u00fck\u00fcmet beyannamesi de bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bunu Kuvayi \u0130nzibatiye dedi\u011fimiz ve karde\u015fi karde\u015fi k\u0131rd\u0131rma projesi olan halife ordusu ile Mustafa Kemal ve arkada\u015flar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda al\u0131nan idam kararlar\u0131 izlemi\u015ftir. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar Vahdettin ve \u0130stanbul h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin burada \u0130ngiltere\u2019ye “Kuvayi milliyeyi durdurmak i\u00e7in elimizden gelen her \u015feyi yap\u0131yoruz” mesaj\u0131 verdi\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n \u0130V: <\/strong>\u00a0Milli M\u00fccadelenin en b\u00fcy\u00fck sorunu hi\u00e7 ku\u015fkusuz ki maddi kaynaklard\u0131.\u00a0 Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn milli M\u00fccadele\u2019de kendi paras\u0131n\u0131 dahi kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 biliyoruz. Nizamettin \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc an\u0131lar\u0131nda \u201c\u015eefin mevcut mahdut paras\u0131n\u0131 Heyeti Temsiliye ile orada \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n i\u015flerine sarf ediyorduk. Bu i\u015flere bakan ben, bir g\u00fcn \u015eef\u2019e paran\u0131n azald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve ihtiyac\u0131 arz ettim.\u00a0 Bana:\u00a0 \u2018Ne yapal\u0131m, biz milletin saadeti ve hal\u00e2s\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yoruz. Kendimiz i\u00e7in de\u011fil. \u015eahsi hesaptaki param\u0131 da sonuna kadar sarf et, sonra d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u00fcz\u2019 dedi.\u201d diye anlat\u0131r.\u00a0Paras\u0131zl\u0131k Milli M\u00fccadele\u2019nin \u00f6neminin anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemlidir. Milli M\u00fccadele\u2019de mali kaynaklar\u0131m\u0131z nelerdir?<\/em><\/p>\n \u00dcD<\/strong>:<\/strong> Ar\u015fiv belgelerine yans\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar\u0131yla milli m\u00fccadeledeki para s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fan\u0131n Samsuna \u00e7\u0131kmaya haz\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnlerde ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa 7 May\u0131s 1919da Sava\u015f Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131 m\u00fcracaatla Samsuna giden heyetin \u00fc\u00e7 ayl\u0131k \u00f6deneklerinin \u00f6denmesini istemi\u015ftir. 12 May\u0131sta yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ba\u015fka yaz\u0131\u015fmada hi\u00e7 olmazsa eski g\u00f6revi s\u0131ras\u0131nda almakta oldu\u011fu maa\u015f\u0131n devaml\u0131 \u00f6denmesini istemi\u015f, bu iste\u011fine red cevab\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Samsuna \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131ktan sonra g\u00f6revini yapmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli olan otomobili zar zor temin etti\u011fini bildirip ve benzin s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131ndan yak\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ok say\u0131da ar\u015fiv belgesi de elimizde mevcuttur.<\/p>\n Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fan\u0131n hayat\u0131 boyunca biriktirdi\u011fi 800 lira ancak kendisi ve arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n Amasya\u2019dan Erzurum\u2019a kadar olan masraflar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Erzurum\u2019da ise kendilerinin konaklama ve kongre masraflar\u0131 M\u00fcdafaa-i Hukuk Cemiyeti\u2019nin \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerine Erzurum ve ba\u011fl\u0131 kazalar\u0131n halk\u0131ndan toplanan yard\u0131mlarla kar\u015f\u0131lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kongre tamamland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Sivas\u2019a gitmek i\u00e7in gerekli olan para M\u00fcdafaa-i Hukuk Cemiyeti\u2019nden S\u00fcleyman H\u0131z\u0131r Bey taraf\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Para s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n Sivas Kongresi\u2019nin g\u00fcndemine de geldi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Kara Vas\u0131f Bey yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fmada kurtulu\u015f i\u00e7in gerekli para ve imkan olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan yak\u0131nm\u0131\u015f, mali durumumuzun ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ya\u015famaya elveri\u015fli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir. Sivas\u2019ta Temsil Heyeti\u2019nin masraflar\u0131 \u015eekercio\u011flu \u0130smail olmak \u00fczere Sivas halk\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ankara\u2019ya gelindi\u011finde de durum farkl\u0131 de\u011fildir. Mazhar M\u00fcfit Bey an\u0131lar\u0131nda Ankara\u2019daki ilk g\u00fcnlerde kahveye atacak \u015fekeri bile bulamad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in k\u0131\u015f\u0131n ortas\u0131nda paltosunu satmak zorunda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bahsetmektedir. Ankara M\u00fcft\u00fcs\u00fc R\u0131fat B\u00f6rek\u00e7i ve Ankara halk\u0131 ad\u0131na toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 paray\u0131 milli m\u00fccadelede kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015faya teslim etmi\u015ftir. Harp malzemelerinin nas\u0131l temini konusunda \u00f6ncelikle Karakol Cemiyetinden faydalanma yoluna gidilmi\u015f ve \u0130stanbul\u2019dan Anadolu\u2019ya silah ve cephane sevkiyat\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Do\u011fuda ordumuzun Ermenileri yendi\u011fi sava\u015fta 760 top, 100 makineli t\u00fcfek, 4252 t\u00fcfek ele ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f ve Anadolu\u2019ya g\u00f6nderilmi\u015ftir. 2 Temmuz 1919\u2019da Halil Pa\u015fa nezaretinde Rusya\u2019ya giden heyet \u00c7i\u00e7erin\u2019den 500 kg alt\u0131n alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sovyet resmi belgelerine g\u00f6re Mill\u00ee M\u00fccadele boyunca Rusya\u2019dan T\u00fcrk h\u00fck\u00fcmetine g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi silah ve cephane yard\u0131m\u0131 toplam 39.275 t\u00fcfek, 327 makineli t\u00fcfek, 54 top, 62.896.000 t\u00fcfek mermisi, 147.079 top mermisi, 1000 at\u0131ml\u0131k top barutu, 4000 el bombas\u0131, 4000 \u015farapnel mermisi, 1500 k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 ve 20.000 gaz maskesinden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Hava g\u00fcc\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fc Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n son g\u00fcnlerinde Suriye cephesinden at s\u0131rt\u0131nda ta\u015f\u0131narak Konya\u2019da depolanan 4 ke\u015fif ve 13 av u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n par\u00e7alar\u0131ndan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bu par\u00e7alar T\u00fcrk havac\u0131lar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan birle\u015ftirilerek 3 u\u00e7ak, u\u00e7ar hale getirilmi\u015ftir. Hava g\u00fcc\u00fcm\u00fczdeki yokluk sava\u015f\u0131n sonuna kadar devam etmi\u015ftir. Birinci \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc Sava\u015f\u0131nda u\u00e7aklar\u0131m\u0131zdan kullan\u0131l\u0131r haldeki u\u00e7aklar\u0131m\u0131zdan birisi havada ar\u0131zalan\u0131p T\u00fcrk Yunan mevzileri aras\u0131na ini\u015f yapmak zorunda kal\u0131nca pilotumuz u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 Yunan ordusunun eline ge\u00e7memesi i\u00e7in ate\u015fe vermek zorunda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Di\u011fer u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u0130kinci \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan hemen \u00f6nce d\u00fc\u015fmesi ve pilotumuz \u015fehit olmas\u0131 \u00fczerine sava\u015f\u0131n t\u00fcm ke\u015fif hizmetleri tek bir u\u00e7akla y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Sakarya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda topraklar\u0131m\u0131za inen bir Yunan u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 ve bir vatanda\u015f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u0130talya\u2019dan al\u0131p getirdi\u011fi bir u\u00e7akla toplam u\u00e7ak say\u0131m\u0131z tekrar \u00fc\u00e7e y\u00fckselmi\u015ftir. Bu u\u00e7aklarda birisi havada ate\u015f alarak d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Sakarya Sava\u015f\u0131nda Yunan u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131 50, T\u00fcrk u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 2\u2019dir.<\/p>\n \u0130V: \u00a0<\/strong>\u201cResmi tarihle y\u00fczle\u015fme\u201d, \u201cDerin tarih\u201d, \u201cYalan s\u00f6yleyen tarih utans\u0131n\u201d gibi s\u00f6ylemler \u00fczerinden tarihi ger\u00e7ekler alt \u00fcst ediliyor. Hainleri kahraman, kahramanlar\u0131 hain ilan ediliyor. Bu \u201ctarih operasyonu\u201d \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde belli \u201cgazeteci-tarih\u00e7iler\u201d, \u201cakademisyenler\u201d adeta \u201ctetik\u00e7ilik\u201d yap\u0131yor. Her g\u00fcn gazete k\u00f6\u015felerinde, tv kanallar\u0131nda, yazd\u0131klar\u0131 kitaplarda ve \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131klar\u0131 dergilerde \u201cyak\u0131n tarihi\u201d e\u011fip b\u00fckerek Atat\u00fcrk ve Cumhuriyet kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 bir \u201ckurmaca tarih\u201d \u00fcretiyor. Sizce bununla ne ama\u00e7lan\u0131yor? <\/em><\/p>\n \u00dcD<\/strong>:<\/strong> En basit ifadeyle T\u00fcrk milletinin devletin kurtar\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 ve kurucusu olan Atat\u00fcrk\u2019ten so\u011fumas\u0131, milli de\u011ferlerine d\u00fc\u015fman, kendi tarihine d\u00fc\u015fman bir neslin yeti\u015fmesi\u00a0 ama\u00e7lan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n Bildi\u011finiz gibi resmi tarih Cumhuriyetin ilk y\u0131llar\u0131ndan bu yana bizlere okullarda \u00f6\u011fretilen tarihtir. Gayri-resmi tarih ise resmi tarihin devlete hakim olan g\u00fcc\u00fcn etkisinde kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ger\u00e7ekleri ortaya koymaktan ziyade propaganda ama\u00e7l\u0131 oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esiyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f, alternatif veya derin tarih ad\u0131yla kamuoyuna sunulmu\u015ftur. Maalesef derin tarihin yalanlar\u0131 sonucunda kendilerine \u00f6\u011fretilen tarihin yalan oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen, ger\u00e7ek tarihin ise bir yerlerde gizlenmi\u015f oldu\u011funa inanan bir kitle olu\u015fmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n Bildi\u011finiz gibi \u0130stiklal harbi emperyalizme kar\u015f\u0131 verilmi\u015f en b\u00fcy\u00fck m\u00fccadele idi. Ben Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fc cephede yenemeyen odaklar\u0131n, onun fikir ve \u00f6\u011fretilerini \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in d\u00fc\u011fmeye bast\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Atat\u00fcrk\u2019e y\u00f6nelik kara propagandan\u0131n 1940\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llardan ba\u015flayarak h\u0131z kesmeden, sistemli ve kararl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde devam etti\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. \u00dcz\u00fclerek s\u00f6ylemeliyim ki epeyce yol katettiler ve Atat\u00fcrk\u2019le problemli bir kitle olu\u015fturmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131lar. Bak\u0131n\u0131z 1940\u2019lardan bu yana yap\u0131lan kara propagandadan bahsediyoruz, vatansever tarih\u00e7ilerimiz bana k\u0131zmas\u0131nlar, derin tarihin iftiralar\u0131n\u0131 ciddiye al\u0131p cevaplasalar ve kar\u015f\u0131 propaganda yapsalard\u0131 bug\u00fcn derin tarih yalanlar\u0131 bu kadar etkili olmazd\u0131. \u00c7ok mu ge\u00e7 kal\u0131nd\u0131? Tabi ki hay\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn bizlere d\u00fc\u015fen g\u00f6rev Mill\u00ee M\u00fccadele\u2019yi, Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn Mill\u00ee M\u00fccadele\u2019ye olan katk\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ve cumhuriyet devrimlerini dosdo\u011fru anlatmakt\u0131r. Derin tarihin en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yalan\u0131na bile b\u0131k\u0131p usanmadan cevap vermeliyiz. Maalesef derin tarih yalanlar\u0131na inanan kitle kitap okumuyor. Ne okuyor? internet ortam\u0131nda bulunan “Caps” diye adland\u0131r\u0131lan g\u00f6rseller, k\u0131sa yaz\u0131lar, tweetler. \u00d6ylese bizler de sosyal medyadan bilgi payla\u015fmaya a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k vermeliyiz. Ben \u00f6zellikle bunu yapmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorum. Tarih\u00e7ilerimiz s\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131p kald\u0131klar\u0131 akademik \u00e7evreden s\u0131yr\u0131l\u0131p halka yak\u0131n olmal\u0131lar. Maalesef halk ekrana \u00e7\u0131kan bir ka\u00e7 pop\u00fclist tarih\u00e7iyi tan\u0131yor. Eserlerine, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na paha bi\u00e7ilemez bir \u00e7ok ilkeli tarih\u00e7imiz akademik yay\u0131nlar\u0131 takip edenler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda maalesef tan\u0131nm\u0131yor. B\u00f6yle olunca meydan “ne \u015fi\u015f yans\u0131n ne kebap” diyen bir ka\u00e7 pop\u00fclist tarih\u00e7i ile etrafa zehir sa\u00e7an derin tarih yalanc\u0131lar\u0131na kal\u0131yor. Bu y\u00fczden sosyal medya \u00f6-nem-li.<\/p>\n \u0130V: \u00a0<\/strong>S\u00f6z konusu gruplar \u00f6zellikle Kaz\u0131m Karabekir Pa\u015fa\u2019y\u0131 istismar ederek, Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndaki b\u00fcy\u00fck rol\u00fcn\u00fc azaltma yoluna gidiyorlar. Yazd\u0131klar\u0131 kitaplarda, kat\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 tv programlar\u0131nda ve \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131klar\u0131 dergilerde \u201cKurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131 Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn de\u011fil Kaz\u0131m Karabekir\u2019in ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019na sonradan kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 (!)\u201d iddia ederek, Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ger\u00e7ek \u00f6nderinin Karabekir oldu\u011funu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcyorlar. Konuyla ilgili g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleriniz nelerdir?<\/em><\/p>\n \u00dcD<\/strong>\u00a0Kaz\u0131m Karabekir Pa\u015fan\u0131n an\u0131lar\u0131ndaki 19 Nisan 1919ta Trabzon\u2019a \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131m s\u00f6z\u00fc derin tarih\u00e7ilerin Mill\u00ee M\u00fccadele\u2019yi Karabekir\u2019in ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Mustafa Kemal\u2019in ona sonradan kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddias\u0131n\u0131 ortaya atmalar\u0131na neden olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n Tarihi verileri inceledi\u011fimizde Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n alt yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00f6nceden haz\u0131rlamaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz. Atat\u00fcrk hen\u00fcz 1907 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ali Fuat Pa\u015faya Anadolu\u2019da bir ulus devlet kurulmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n “Me\u015frutiyet, k\u00f6hnele\u015fmi\u015f ve d\u00fczenini yitirmi\u015f olan Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun g\u00f6vdesi \u00fczerine de\u011fil, aksine T\u00fcrk \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fun ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131m \u00fczerine oturtulmal\u0131. D\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131n\u0131n yani, b\u00fcy\u00fck devletlerin yapaca\u011f\u0131 bir ay\u0131klama yerine devrim y\u00f6netimi kendi ba\u015f\u0131na bir T\u00fcrk devleti kurmal\u0131d\u0131r.”<\/p>\n Suriye\u2019de Enver ve Talat Pa\u015falara g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi 20 Eyl\u00fcl 1917 ve 24 Eyl\u00fcl 1917 tarihli raporda orduyu Arap \u00e7\u00f6llerinden ve Turan ellerinden \u00e7ekerek Anadolu ve civar\u0131na kayd\u0131rmay\u0131 ve Anadolu\u2019yu savunma politikas\u0131n\u0131 hayata ge\u00e7irmeyi teklif etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Adana\u2019ya geldi\u011finde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 direni\u015f toplant\u0131lar\u0131nda benzer fikirlerini a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Samsuna \u00e7\u0131kmadan \u00f6nce \u0130stanbul\u2019da ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi alt\u0131 ayl\u0131k s\u00fcre zarf\u0131nda \u00f6zellikle \u015ei\u015fli\u2019deki evinde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gizli toplant\u0131larda Mill\u00ee M\u00fccadele\u2019nin her bir detay\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f, direni\u015fin hangi a\u015famas\u0131nda hangi komutan\u0131 yan\u0131na \u00e7a\u011f\u0131raca\u011f\u0131na kadar hesap etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n 4 \u015eubat 1919\u2019da Alemdar yazar\u0131 Refi Cevat Ulunay\u2019a verdi\u011fi m\u00fclakatta Anadolu direni\u015finden a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a bahsetmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n \u201cD\u00fcvel-i Muazzama\u2019 dedi\u011fimiz bu devletlerin bir de i\u00e7 y\u00fczleri var. Siz san\u0131yor musunuz ki harbi kazanmakla m\u00fcttefikler aralar\u0131ndaki b\u00fct\u00fcn ihtilaflar\u0131 (anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131) halletmi\u015flerdir. As\u0131l ihtilaf, as\u0131l menfaat rekabeti ve \u00f6l\u00fcm miras\u0131n\u0131 payla\u015fma kavgas\u0131 bundan sonra ba\u015flayacakt\u0131r. Her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn M\u00fcttefiklerin kuvveti azalmaktad\u0131r. Terhisler dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ordular\u0131 g\u00fcnden g\u00fcne k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcyor. As\u0131rlarca birbiriyle bo\u011fu\u015fan \u0130ngilizlerle Frans\u0131zlar\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fterek d\u00fc\u015fman tehlikesi birle\u015ftirdi. \u015eimdi o eski rekabet b\u0131rakt\u0131klar\u0131 noktadan yeniden ba\u015flayacakt\u0131r. Ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r bile\u2026 \u0130talya\u2019n\u0131n da ba\u015f\u0131 dertte. Onlarda i\u00e7 karga\u015fal\u0131k arifesinde. Bu y\u00fczden ilhak etmek istedi\u011fi topraklardan bile \u00e7ekilecektir. Netice \u015fu ki, Anadolu\u2019da ba\u015f g\u00f6sterecek bir milli direni\u015fe hi\u00e7biri m\u00fcdahale edecek durumda de\u011fildir. B\u00f6yle bir m\u00fccadelenin tam s\u0131ras\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n \u00d6rnekleri rahatl\u0131kla \u00e7o\u011faltabiliriz.<\/p>\n Milli m\u00fccadelenin \u00f6nemli isimlerinin an\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 incelersek zaten onlar\u0131nda “Mustafa Kemal olmasayd\u0131 milli m\u00fccadele ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015fmazd\u0131” mesaj\u0131n\u0131 veren \u015feklinde ifadelerini g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz.<\/p>\n \u0130V:<\/strong> Bu g\u00fczel sohbet i\u00e7in te\u015fekk\u00fcr ederiz Hocam\u2026<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u0130kbal Vurucu, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131-tarih\u00e7i \u00dcmit Do\u011fan ile yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 “19 May\u0131s \u00d6zel” r\u00f6portaj\u0131nda, Mill\u00ee M\u00fccadele D\u00f6nemi’ne ait g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde s\u0131k\u00e7a kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z itibars\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131rma ve Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn de\u011ferini azaltma politikalar\u0131n\u0131, tarih\u00ee ger\u00e7ekleri ile inceliyorlar. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":37,"featured_media":10309,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_ef_editorial_meta_date_first-draft-date":"","_ef_editorial_meta_paragraph_assignment":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[2,66,67,68],"tags":[],"coauthors":[39,1017],"class_list":["post-10306","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel","category-siyaset-tarih","category-tehditler","category-turkluk-turkculuk"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10306","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/37"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10306"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10306\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10313,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10306\/revisions\/10313"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10309"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10306"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10306"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10306"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=10306"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}