{"id":12172,"date":"2021-01-19T19:30:00","date_gmt":"2021-01-19T16:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/?p=12172&preview=true&preview_id=12172"},"modified":"2021-01-17T13:49:00","modified_gmt":"2021-01-17T10:49:00","slug":"uygarlik-nedir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/uygarlik-nedir\/","title":{"rendered":"Uygarl\u0131k nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u0130nsan hakikat aray\u0131\u015f\u0131ndad\u0131r…<\/p><\/div>\n

Uygarl\u0131k ger\u00e7ekte ne anlama gelir? Server Tanilli, \u201cUygarl\u0131k Tarihi\u201d<\/em> kitab\u0131na \u201cUygarl\u0131k, bir halk\u0131 ba\u015fka halklardan ay\u0131ran, onun \u00f6zg\u00fcn yan\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyan, ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f bi\u00e7imlerinin, kullan\u0131lan aletlerin, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma bi\u00e7im ve y\u00f6ntemlerinin, inan\u00e7lar\u0131n, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel ve sanatsal faaliyetlerin, siyasal ve sosyal \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme bi\u00e7imlerinin b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc.\u201d<\/em> tan\u0131m\u0131yla ba\u015flar[i]<\/a>. Asl\u0131nda en basit tan\u0131m\u0131yla uygarl\u0131k; do\u011faya ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmakt\u0131r. Do\u011fal olan, uygar olanla z\u0131tla\u015f\u0131r. \u0130nsan elinden \u00e7\u0131kan uygarl\u0131k \u00fcr\u00fcnleri art\u0131k do\u011fal de\u011fildir, farkl\u0131 bir kategoridedir. Ya\u015fam\u0131n modernize olmas\u0131yla, yani uygarla\u015fmas\u0131yla insan da farkl\u0131la\u015f\u0131r. Son olarak insan\u0131n farkl\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131 da evrenin d\u00fczenini k\u00f6k\u00fcnden sarsar. B\u00f6ylelikle insan \u00e7a\u011f\u0131, do\u011fal insandan uygar insana ilerleyen s\u00fcrecini tamamlad\u0131ktan sonra yeniden geriye, ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yere d\u00f6ner ama ne insan ayn\u0131 insand\u0131r art\u0131k ne de zaman ayn\u0131 zaman. Sonu\u00e7lar, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda veriler yans\u0131t\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Modern- uygar insan, her \u015feyden \u00f6nce azla yetinmeyi bilme konusunda eksikleri olan insand\u0131r. \u00c7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck sorunu da zaten g\u00f6z\u00fc bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc doymak bilmeyen uygar insand\u0131r. Oysa insan ahlakta, siyasette ve hatta inan\u00e7ta da azla yetinebilmelidir. \u201cHer \u015feyi anlad\u0131k da inan\u00e7ta azla yetinmek ne anlama geliyor?\u201d<\/em> dedi\u011finizi duyar gibiyim. \u0130nan\u00e7 olgusunun insan hayat\u0131na daha az etki etti\u011fi ve toplum dinamikleri aras\u0131nda yer almad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir durumdan s\u00f6z ediyorum. \u0130nanan ve inanmayan ayr\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n keskinle\u015fmedi\u011fi ve toplum i\u00e7inde inanc\u0131n bir ayr\u0131cal\u0131k sebebi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir inan\u00e7, azla yetinilen bir inan\u00e7t\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00c7o\u011funlu\u011fun d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin aksine bir \u015feyin az olmas\u0131 kesinlikle onun de\u011ferini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmez. De\u011feri sabit kal\u0131r ve belki de artar ancak asla azalmaz. Daima \u201cdaha fazlas\u0131\u201d<\/em> arzusunun tetikledi\u011fi insan; doyumsuz, sald\u0131rgan, hastal\u0131k derecesinde \u015f\u00fcpheci ve bencil bir varl\u0131\u011fa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in insano\u011flu bir an evvel azla yetinmeyi \u00f6\u011frenmek zorundad\u0131r. Yoksa h\u0131zla y\u00fckselen \u201cgayriinsanile\u015fme\u201d<\/em>nin \u00f6n\u00fcne kimse ge\u00e7emez. Bu gayriinsanile\u015fmeyi durdurman\u0131n yolu, evrimle\u015fen insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc ger\u00e7ek ve akla dayal\u0131 hayata d\u00f6nd\u00fcrmektir. Ger\u00e7ekten kas\u0131t, do\u011fala ve do\u011faya y\u00f6nelmek, yapay ve k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 olan her \u015feyden uzakla\u015fmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Anlam aray\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u0130nsanlar tarihin en ba\u015f\u0131nda bir \u201canlam aray\u0131\u015f\u0131\u201d<\/em> i\u00e7indeydi. \u0130nsan, kendinin ve do\u011fan\u0131n ne oldu\u011funu g\u00fcndelik deneyimleriyle belli oranda bir anlama kavu\u015fturdu. Art\u0131k farkl\u0131 bir insan vard\u0131. Hayatta kalma \u00e7abas\u0131n\u0131n yerini neslini devam ettirme ve ya\u015fam alan\u0131n\u0131 belirleme g\u00fcd\u00fcs\u00fc ald\u0131. \u0130nsan, hayvanlardan ka\u00e7mak yerine onlar\u0131 evcille\u015ftirmekte ya da onlar\u0131 avlamakta ustala\u015ft\u0131. Geceyi, g\u00fcnd\u00fcz\u00fc, mevsim farklar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131k biliyordu. Do\u011fayla uzla\u015fman\u0131n yolunu do\u011fay\u0131 ke\u015ffederek \u00f6\u011frendi. Belirsizliklerin yerine deneyimlenen ger\u00e7eklikler koyan insan, \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6rmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Hakikat aray\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n

D\u00fcnyay\u0131 ve kendini anlamland\u0131rmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131ktan sonra bu defa da bir \u201chakikat aray\u0131\u015f\u0131\u201d<\/em> i\u00e7ine girdi. Hakikat aray\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7indeki insan, bu evrede din, felsefe, siyaset, hukuk, sosyoloji gibi alanlar\u0131 \u00f6nce acemice in\u015fa etti sonra da bunlarda uzmanla\u015ft\u0131. K\u00fclt\u00fcr olu\u015fturmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Ard\u0131ndan da insan, k\u00fclt\u00fcr sayesinde do\u011fay\u0131 a\u015f\u0131p farkl\u0131 bir insan oldu ve insan\u0131n kendine has do\u011fas\u0131 ile evrendeki do\u011fan\u0131n fark\u0131na vard\u0131. U\u00e7suz bucaks\u0131z evrenin sonsuz kudretteki yarat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetti. G\u00f6k g\u00fcrlemesinin Tanr\u0131\u2019n\u0131n sinirlenmesiyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frendi. Grup olman\u0131n temel ko\u015fulunun liderlik edecek g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc birinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Teknoloji aray\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Hakikate erdi\u011fine kanaat getiren insanda bu defa da \u201cteknoloji aray\u0131\u015f\u0131\u201d<\/em> ba\u015flad\u0131. G\u00fcndelik deneyimlerden edindi\u011fi bilgiler art\u0131k ona yetmiyordu. \u00d6\u011frendiklerinden yola \u00e7\u0131karak \u00f6\u011frenecek daha fazla \u015fey oldu\u011fu sonucuna vard\u0131. Teknolojinin tek y\u00f6nl\u00fc olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve g\u00fcc\u00fc besledi\u011finin ayr\u0131m\u0131na vard\u0131. Bu defa insan, teknoloji sayesinde k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc de a\u015f\u0131p daha farkl\u0131 bir insan oldu. Kendini korumak \u00fczerine kurulu hayat\u0131nda art\u0131k \u00f6tekini k\u00f6lele\u015ftirmek ya da yok etmek gibi kap\u0131lar araland\u0131. Payla\u015fmaa mecbur olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlad\u0131. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck gruplara lider olman\u0131n \u00f6tesinde herkese lider olma h\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131 ku\u015fand\u0131. Teknolojinin a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 kap\u0131larla giderek g\u00fcce, bencilli\u011fe, kolayc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa ve a\u00e7 g\u00f6zl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011fe evrilen insan, bug\u00fcnlerde yepyeni bir aray\u0131\u015f\u0131n tela\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n

G\u00fc\u00e7 aray\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Anlam ve hakikat aray\u0131\u015f\u0131yla din ve felsefe ihtiyac\u0131 geride kalan insan her alanda bir \u201cg\u00fc\u00e7 aray\u0131\u015f\u0131\u201d<\/em> i\u00e7ine girdi. Teknoloji aray\u0131\u015f\u0131yla g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ba\u015flayan \u201cgayriinsanile\u015fme\u201d<\/em> s\u00fcreci g\u00fc\u00e7 aray\u0131\u015f\u0131yla daha da k\u00f6r\u00fcklendi, adeta \u015fahland\u0131. \u0130nsan bundan sonra anlam, hakikat, din ya da felsefenin pe\u015fini b\u0131rakt\u0131 ve sadece g\u00fc\u00e7 ister hale geldi. G\u00fc\u00e7 hayaliyle ve h\u0131rs\u0131yla ya\u015far oldu. Bug\u00fcn d\u00fcnya, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir g\u00fc\u00e7ler \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n etkisi alt\u0131na girdi. G\u00fc\u00e7 dedi\u011fin \u00f6yle herkesin sahip olabilece\u011fi bir \u015fey olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7 sahiplerinin g\u00fc\u00e7leri alt\u0131nda ezilip yok olan milyonlarca insan kimsenin umurunda de\u011fil. Bu g\u00fc\u00e7ler \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 insan hayat\u0131n\u0131 durmaks\u0131z\u0131n zehirlerken anlam ve hakikat \u00f6nemsizle\u015fti ve i\u015flevsiz hale geldi. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n sonu, g\u00fc\u00e7 aray\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n doyuma ula\u015fmas\u0131yla ya da g\u00fc\u00e7 aray\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n bilinen her t\u00fcrl\u00fc d\u00fczeni alt \u00fcst etmesiyle gelecek olsa da insan hen\u00fcz bunun fark\u0131nda de\u011fil. Teknolojiyi silah gibi ku\u015fan\u0131p g\u00fc\u00e7 pe\u015fine d\u00fc\u015fen bu yeni insan, evrimin son halkas\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu son halkadan sonras\u0131 yok. A\u00e7\u0131labilir onlarca kap\u0131dan se\u00e7imlerini yaparak ilerleyen insan, ard\u0131nda kap\u0131s\u0131 olmayan son kap\u0131dan girdi. Bundan sonras\u0131 art\u0131k tamamen geri d\u00f6n\u00fcp yeniden ba\u015flamak ya da burada nihai sonu ya\u015famak. Bu bi\u00e7imiyle bir g\u00fc\u00e7 aray\u0131\u015f\u0131 gerek tercih edilen yol gerekse ge\u00e7irilen evrim dolay\u0131s\u0131yla insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n sonuna i\u015faret ediyor. T\u00fckenme ve t\u00fcketme yolculu\u011fu, t\u00fckenecek ya da t\u00fcketilecek bir \u015fey kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ne oluyorsa o olacak insana da.<\/p>\n

Aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131n sonu<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Her nesil kendinden sonraki nesil i\u00e7in kayg\u0131lan\u0131r ama bu kayg\u0131lar s\u00fcrekli de\u011fi\u015fir. Anlam aray\u0131\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcrecindeki insan\u0131n kayg\u0131lar\u0131yla g\u00fc\u00e7 aray\u0131\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcrecindeki insan\u0131n kayg\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda uzaktan yak\u0131ndan bir ilgi yoktur. \u0130nsan\u0131n kesin ve net sonu\u00e7larla ayn\u0131 derecede kesin ve net cevaplar pe\u015fine d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bu insani evrimle\u015fme s\u00fcrecinin belki de en b\u00fcy\u00fck yan\u0131lg\u0131s\u0131; hayat\u0131n her alan\u0131n\u0131 \u201c1+1=2\u201d<\/em>dir bi\u00e7iminde form\u00fcle etme imk\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131 oldu\u011funu sanmas\u0131d\u0131r. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n kaotik yanlar\u0131 reddedilemez. En ilkel haliyle bilginin, g\u00fcndelik deneyimlere dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve zaman i\u00e7inde de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fi asla unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r ki teknolojinin de temeli bu g\u00fcndelik deneyimlerdir. \u0130nsan\u0131n kat etti\u011fi yol yads\u0131namaz ancak do\u011fru-yanl\u0131\u015f terazisiyle oynand\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ya\u015fanan \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f de reddedilemez boyuttad\u0131r. \u0130nsan azla yetinmeyi \u00f6\u011frenmedi\u011fi s\u00fcrece uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fc durdurulamaz.<\/p>\n

Uygarl\u0131klar kuran insanlar, do\u011fal y\u00f6nlerini g\u00f6z ard\u0131 ederek giri\u015ftikleri g\u00fc\u00e7 aray\u0131\u015f\u0131na son vermedikleri s\u00fcrece, do\u011fal olana ayk\u0131r\u0131 olman\u0131n sonu dinozorlara ya da mamutlara benzeyecek.<\/p>\n

Bir zamanlar bir insan \u0131rk\u0131 ge\u00e7ti d\u00fcnyadan\u2026<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

[i]<\/a> Server TAN\u0130LL\u0130, Uygarl\u0131k Tarihi, Alk\u0131m Yay\u0131nevi, \u0130stanbul, 2008.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Her nesil kendinden sonraki nesil i\u00e7in kayg\u0131lan\u0131r ama bu kayg\u0131lar s\u00fcrekli de\u011fi\u015fir. Anlam aray\u0131\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcrecindeki insan\u0131n kayg\u0131lar\u0131yla g\u00fc\u00e7 aray\u0131\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcrecindeki insan\u0131n kayg\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda uzaktan yak\u0131ndan bir ilgi yoktur. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":73,"featured_media":12175,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_ef_editorial_meta_date_first-draft-date":"","_ef_editorial_meta_paragraph_assignment":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[62,2],"tags":[401,1604,1255,1605],"coauthors":[216],"class_list":["post-12172","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-egitim-kultur","category-genel","tag-anlam","tag-hakikat","tag-insan","tag-teknoloji"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12172","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/73"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12172"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12172\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12182,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12172\/revisions\/12182"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12175"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12172"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12172"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12172"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=12172"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}