![\"\"](\"http:\/\/misak.millidusunce.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/yunanistan-protesto.jpg\")
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G\u00f6zlerin Makedonya\u2019da olaca\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nem ba\u015flad\u0131. Ger\u00e7i Balkanlarda herhangi bir noktadaki hareketlilik ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz \u015fekilde b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc etkiliyor. Ancak bu kez hareketlili\u011fin merkezi \u00dcsk\u00fcp olacak. Makedonya, Zoran Zaev iktidar\u0131 d\u00f6neminde bir dizi donmu\u015f sorununu \u00e7\u00f6zecek gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor; di\u011fer taraftan her bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yeni bir sorun yaratacak. \u015eimdi dikkatler Yunanistan\u2019la olan isim sorununda gelinen a\u015famaya yo\u011funla\u015fm\u0131\u015f durumda. Ancak bu, b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u00fc bir planlama ve projenin par\u00e7as\u0131.<\/p>\n
Makedonya 2010\u2019dan itibaren siyasi kriz i\u00e7ine s\u00fcr\u00fcklenmi\u015fti. \u00d6zellikle 2014 genel se\u00e7im sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na itirazlar, parlamentoyu terk edip halk\u0131 sokak protestolar\u0131na \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rmalara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f; telekulak krizi, [1]<\/a> peyderpey bas\u0131na verilen iktidar\u0131n r\u00fc\u015fvet ve yolsuzluk kasetleri ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f ve ard\u0131ndan May\u0131s 2015\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen Kumonova bask\u0131n\u0131[2]<\/a> h\u00fck\u00fcmeti kilitlemi\u015f ve \u00fclke siyaseti \u00fc\u00e7 defa ertelenen erken se\u00e7imle vatanda\u015f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131k bo\u011fmu\u015ftu. Se\u00e7imlerin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi de siyasi krizi sona erdirmeye yetmemi\u015f h\u00fck\u00fcmetin kurulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in alt\u0131 ay daha gerekmi\u015fti.[3]<\/a> Nihayet 1 Haziran 2017\u2019de se\u00e7imin ikinci partisi olan Makedonya Sosyal Demokratlar Birli\u011fi (SDSM), Zaev Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda h\u00fck\u00fcmeti kurabildi.[4]<\/a> Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te AB \u2013daha \u00e7ok Almanya- ve NATO\u2019nun Zaev\u2019den yana tav\u0131r ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da not d\u00fc\u015fmek gerekir.<\/p>\n Zoran Zaev\u2019in devrald\u0131\u011f\u0131 en \u00f6nemli iki sorun, her an canlanabilecek Makedon-Arnavut etnik gerilim ihtimali ve i\u015fsizlik ve yoksulluk gibi temel sorunlard\u0131r. B\u00f6lgenin en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck asgari \u00fccretinin 196 Euro[5]<\/a> ile Makedonya\u2019da olmas\u0131, a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 noktay\u0131 da g\u00f6steriyor. AB\u2019nin Balkanlar\u2019dan gelecek \u201cekonomi sebepli\u201d g\u00f6\u00e7men ve s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lara kesin olarak kap\u0131lar\u0131 kapatmas\u0131 sorunlar\u0131n \u201cev i\u00e7inde\u201d \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesini de zorunlu k\u0131l\u0131yor. \u0130talya\u2019da Fransa devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131, \u0130talya ve Almanya ba\u015fbakanlar\u0131n\u0131n kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen toplant\u0131da bir tak\u0131m planlamalar zaten yap\u0131ld\u0131 ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Bat\u0131 Balkanlara yat\u0131r\u0131m s\u00f6z\u00fc de verildi.[6]<\/a> Ayn\u0131 toplant\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f i\u015fleri bakanlar\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu daha geni\u015f kat\u0131l\u0131ml\u0131 s\u00fcren k\u0131sm\u0131nda AB geni\u015flemesinin Rusya\u2019n\u0131n b\u00f6lgedeki, bilhassa da S\u0131rbistan\u2019daki askeri ve ekonomik, etkinli\u011finin artmas\u0131 sebebiyle g\u00fcndemde kalmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine de vurgu yap\u0131ld\u0131.[7]<\/a> Makedonya D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 da kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar aras\u0131ndayd\u0131\u2026 Zaev de reform a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131n\u0131 Rusya\u2019n\u0131n Balkanlardaki giri\u015fimleri nedeniyle NATO ve AB \u00fcyeli\u011finin hayati bir mesele haline geldi\u011fi vurgusu ile tamaml\u0131yor. Bu durumda Makedonya\u2019daki s\u00fcre\u00e7, Balkanlardaki tarihi payla\u015f\u0131m yar\u0131\u015f\u0131yla da ilgili duruyor.<\/p>\n Zaev, AB\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 \u00fcstlendi\u011fi y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc savunmak, devlet kurumlar\u0131n\u0131 esir alm\u0131\u015f yolsuzluk, r\u00fc\u015fvet, partizanl\u0131k sarmal\u0131n\u0131 yok etmek s\u00f6z\u00fc vererek iktidar\u0131 kazand\u0131. Yapma s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc verdi\u011fi t\u00fcm reformlar asl\u0131nda bir yandan devlet-vatanda\u015f ili\u015fkisinin yani vatanda\u015f\u0131n devlete g\u00fcveninin yeniden tesisi anlam\u0131na geliyor. \u0130\u015fin en zor ancak en anlaml\u0131 k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 da buras\u0131 olu\u015fturuyor. Tart\u0131\u015fma yaratan k\u0131sm\u0131 ise a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Avro-Atlantik g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin memnuniyetle kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 3-6-9 ismini verdi\u011fi reform plan\u0131 oldu.[8]<\/a> Plana g\u00f6re ilk \u00fc\u00e7 ayda Avrupa Komisyonu\u2019nun verdi\u011fi \u015fartl\u0131 m\u00fczakere tavsiyesini kald\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak reformlar\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek, alt\u0131 ayda ikinci reform paketini bitirerek AB Konseyi\u2019nin Aral\u0131k\u2019taki toplant\u0131s\u0131na kadar Makedonya\u2019n\u0131n AB \u00fcyeli\u011findeki ciddiyetinin g\u00f6sterilmesi ve dokuz ay i\u00e7inde de \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fc reform paketini tamamlayarak Makedonya\u2019ya m\u00fczakere tarihi verilmesi hakk\u0131nda \u00fcye \u00fclkelerin konu\u015fmaya ba\u015flamas\u0131 hedefleniyor. Planla ayn\u0131 zamanda demokratik bir parlamento yap\u0131s\u0131, kamu y\u00f6netiminde ve yarg\u0131da reformu sa\u011flayarak devlet yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flamla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131; medyada reform yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ve sivil sekt\u00f6rle i\u015fbirli\u011finin artt\u0131r\u0131larak y\u00f6netimde \u015feffafl\u0131\u011f\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 ama\u00e7lan\u0131yor. AG\u0130T\u2019in tavsiyeleriyle birlikte adil se\u00e7im \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 da hedefler aras\u0131nda bulunuyor. Zaev, t\u00fcm bu reform s\u00fcrecinin AB \u00fcyeli\u011fi kadar \u00fclkenin NATO \u00fcyeli\u011fini de kolayla\u015ft\u0131raca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm m\u00fc \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclme mi? <\/strong><\/p>\n Uygulamada plan, d\u0131\u015f politika ba\u011flam\u0131nda ve AB-NATO yolundaki ilerleyi\u015fle de ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, ilk \u00fc\u00e7 ayda Bulgaristan\u2019la alt\u0131 ay i\u00e7inde Yunanistan\u2019la ve dokuz aya kadar da Arnavutluk, Kosova ve Makedonya Arnavutlar\u0131yla sorunlar\u0131 bitirme halini ald\u0131. Belki ger\u00e7ekten de Makedonya\u2019n\u0131n en temel sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc de d\u00e2hil olmak \u00fczere bir ad\u0131m ileri gidebilmesi ve varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrme \u015fans\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131rmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00f6ylesi bir plan gerekliydi. \u00d6zellikle Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n blokaj\u0131, \u00fclkenin Avro-Atlantik yap\u0131yla b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fmesini engelliyor, bu da umutsuzluk- yoksulluk- i\u015fsizlik k\u0131s\u0131r d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc besliyor. \u00d6te yandan Arnavutlarla baz\u0131 sorunlar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclememesi de t\u00fcm s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lara \u00e7arpan etkisi yap\u0131yor. Ancak \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn nas\u0131l sa\u011flanaca\u011f\u0131 da ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde \u00f6nemli. Bir kesim bunun Makedonya\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6nce federalle\u015fmesi ve sonra par\u00e7alanmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fece\u011fini savunuyor.<\/p>\n \u00d6zellikle Zaev\u2019in Kosova ziyareti nedeniyle sinirlerin iyice gerildi\u011fi S\u0131rbistan\u2019da 3-6-9 Plan\u0131; ilk \u00fc\u00e7 ayda Makedonya tarih ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn Bulgarlara, alt\u0131 ay i\u00e7inde isminin Yunanlara, dokuz ay i\u00e7inde de topraklar\u0131n Arnavutlara kapt\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u015feklinde yorumland\u0131. S\u0131rbistan B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7ili\u011fi\u2019nin de Zaev\u2019e kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 not d\u00fc\u015fmek gerekir.\u00a0 Makedonya parlamentosunda vekillerin d\u00f6v\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gece, Zaev\u2019e sald\u0131ranlar aras\u0131nda \u00dcsk\u00fcp’teki S\u0131rp El\u00e7ili\u011finin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131 olan Goran Zivaljevi\u00e7\u2019in de oldu\u011funun tespit edilmesi, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc de\u011fil mi? S\u0131rbistan D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Ivica Daci\u00e7\u2019in Makedon parlamentosunda da bulunan di\u011fer diplomatlar\u0131n ve di\u011fer gizli servis \u00fcyelerinin neden sorgulanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 soran \u00f6fkeli \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 daha da ilgin\u00e7, \u00f6yle de\u011fil mi? Meclise s\u0131zan yabanc\u0131 istihbarat \u00fcyelerinin ola\u011fanla\u015fmas\u0131 bile dikkatlerin Makedonya\u2019da tutulmas\u0131na yeter. Asl\u0131nda Makedonya\u2019n\u0131n Bulgaristan, Yunanistan ve Kosova-Arnavutluk\u2019la ili\u015fkilerinin ilerlemesi ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olarak S\u0131rbistan\u2019la ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Rusya\u2019yla ili\u015fkilerin gerilmesi anlam\u0131na geliyor. Balkanlarda i\u015fin matemati\u011fi bu: S\u0131rplarla aras\u0131na mesafe koyan Arnavutlarla yak\u0131nla\u015f\u0131r ya da tersi olur. 3-6-9 Plan\u0131\u2019na d\u00f6nersek Bulgaristan\u2019la 1 A\u011fustos 2017\u2019de imzalanan Dostluk, \u0130yi Kom\u015fuluk ve \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi Anla\u015fmas\u0131, daha \u00f6nce Makedon k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve tarihini olu\u015fturdu\u011fu savunulan \u015fark\u0131lar\u0131n, kahramanlar\u0131n, sembollerin ortak k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn par\u00e7alar\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 yorumuna sebep oldu. \u0130\u00e7inde oldu\u011fumuz ikinci alt\u0131 ayda ise Yunanistan\u2019la \u201cYeni Makedonya\u201d ismi \u00fczerinde anla\u015fma sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n Zaev, kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir televizyon program\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cAn\u0131tlar yapma, otoyollara, hava limanlara, spor salonlara ve stadyumlara tarihi isimler verilmesi d\u00f6nemi sona erdi<\/em>“[9]<\/a> a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131, Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n y\u0131llard\u0131r \u201ctoprak h\u0131rs\u0131yla\u201d tarih, k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve sembol h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapmakla su\u00e7lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Makedonya ile ili\u015fkilerini yeniden g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irmesini sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r. Zaev, \u00fcst, yeni veya kuzey gibi herhangi bir tan\u0131m\u0131n Makedonya ismi ile birlikte kullan\u0131m\u0131na haz\u0131r oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Makedonya\u2019n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fime haz\u0131r bir tutum sergilemesi, g\u00f6zlerin Yunanistan\u2019a \u00e7evrilmesine neden olacakt\u0131r. 22 Ocak\u2019ta Yunanistan\u2019da ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen ve polisin verdi\u011fi bilgiye g\u00f6re 100 bin ki\u015finin[10]<\/a> kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 protesto g\u00f6sterisi, t\u0131kanma i\u015fareti olabilir. Yunan halk\u0131 t\u0131pk\u0131 Makedonya Arnavutlar\u0131 gibi belirlenecek ismin hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde Makedonya ibaresini bar\u0131nd\u0131rmamas\u0131n\u0131 istiyor.[11]<\/a> Ne var ki, BM arabuluculu\u011funda \u00dcsk\u00fcp ve Atina temsilcilerinin ile bir araya gelmesinden sonra Matthew Nimetz\u2019in sundu\u011fu rapora g\u00f6re Yeni Makedonya Cumhuriyeti, Kuzey Makedonya Cumhuriyeti, Yukar\u0131 Makedonya Cumhuriyeti, Makedonya\u2019n\u0131n Vardar Cumhuriyeti, Makedonya Cumhuriyeti (\u00dcsk\u00fcp) isimleri masada[12]<\/a>. Nimetz\u2019in a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131na g\u00f6re \u201cH\u00e2lihaz\u0131rda 100 \u00fclke Makedonya ismini tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in\u201d, \u201cMakedonya\u201d kelimesi \u00fclke isminde yer alacak. Bu durumda e\u011fer bir uzla\u015f\u0131 istiyorsa Yunan h\u00fck\u00fcmeti de Makedonya ibaresinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmek durumunda kalacakt\u0131r. Burada Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n finans\u00f6r\u00fc olan Almanya\u2019n\u0131n \u201cs\u00f6z ge\u00e7irebilme kapasitesi\u201d de test olacakt\u0131r. Makedonya ise bir referandum yoluyla son karar\u0131n\u0131 verecek.<\/p>\n \u0130sim konusunda yap\u0131lan kamuoyu yoklamalar\u0131 Makedonlar\u0131n y\u00fczde 58\u2019inin \u201cYeni Makedonya\u201d ismine kar\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor. Bu kesim isim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fini Yunanistan\u2019a teslim olmak \u015feklinde de\u011ferlendiriyor. Sonucu Arnavut oylar\u0131n\u0131n etkileyece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc y\u00fczde 98\u2019i \u201ci\u00e7inde Makedonya kelimesi olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen\u201d yeni ismi benimsiyor. Ancak ayn\u0131 kamuoyu yoklamalar\u0131, halk\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck problem olarak siyasi krizi, ikinci olarak i\u015fsizlik sorununu g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6steriyor.[13]<\/a> Bu sorunlar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc AB ve NATO \u00fcyeli\u011fi ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u201cisim sorunu\u201d ile ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi m\u00fcddet\u00e7e ve Arnavut oylar\u0131n\u0131n da etkisiyle isim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin Makedonya a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan a\u015f\u0131labilece\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. \u015eu s\u0131ralar \u00fclkede isim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin gerekti\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde alg\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 bas\u0131n ve konferanslar yoluyla s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Bu tutum, sonuca ula\u015fma konusundaki kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7er\u00e7evede durum<\/strong><\/p>\n Bug\u00fcn gelinen noktada Rusya ve S\u0131rbistan destekli VMRO-DMNE ve milliyet\u00e7i lideri Nikola Gruevski uzun s\u00fcreli iktidar\u0131n\u0131, 2010\u2019dan bu yana Almanya deste\u011fini alan ve y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc de AB ve NATO\u2019ya \u00e7evirmi\u015f olan Zoran Zaev ve partisi SDSM\u2019ye kapt\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu yar\u0131\u015f, se\u00e7ilen vekillerin mazbatalar\u0131n\u0131 almamalar\u0131 ve hatta yabanc\u0131 istihbarat servislerinin Zoran Zaev\u2019e baz\u0131 \u00f6nemli ses ve g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 sunmas\u0131 da dahil pek \u00e7ok m\u00fccadele y\u00f6ntemini i\u00e7erdi. \u2013Benzer bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 Kosova\u2019da da ya\u015fand\u0131.- Makedonya y\u00f6netimindeki de\u011fi\u015fim, ilke, yakla\u015f\u0131m ve y\u00f6ntem de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fini de getirdi. Bu, d\u0131\u015f politikada da yeni bir duru\u015f ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Yeni duru\u015f, S\u0131rbistan\u2019\u0131 (Rusya) k\u00fcst\u00fcrme pahas\u0131na Almanya eksenine girme de\u011fil daha \u00e7ok S\u0131rbistan\u2019\u0131 d\u0131\u015flay\u0131p Almanya\u2019ya yakla\u015fma olarak tan\u0131mlanabilir. Zaten son birka\u00e7 y\u0131ld\u0131r Balkanlar\u0131n genelinde Almanya\u2019y\u0131 AB abas\u0131 alt\u0131nda daha etkin ve karar verici pozisyonda g\u00f6r\u00fcyorduk. \u015eimdi AB elbisesinin s\u0131yr\u0131l\u0131p alt\u0131ndan Almanya\u2019n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnmesine de al\u0131\u015fmak gerekiyor. Geli\u015fmeleri salt Rusya\u2019n\u0131n b\u00f6lgedeki etkisinin s\u0131n\u0131rlanmas\u0131 olarak de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda baz\u0131 Balkan \u00fclkelerinin ABD B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7iliklerinden y\u00f6netilmesinin gelenekselle\u015fmesini k\u0131rma olarak da okumak gerekir.<\/p>\n Geli\u015fmeleri Almanya-Rusya ittifak\u0131n\u0131n ABD\u2019yi b\u00f6lgeden uzakla\u015ft\u0131rma hamlesi olarak okuyanlar da var. Ger\u00e7ekten de bazen \u00e7eli\u015fir g\u00f6r\u00fcnen akt\u00f6rlerin arka planda ortak planlarda bulu\u015ftuklar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclebiliyor. Ancak Merkel\u2019in defalarca \u201cMesele sadece Ukrayna de\u011fil. Moldova, G\u00fcrcistan, S\u0131rbistan ve Bat\u0131 Balkan \u00fclkelerinde de Rusya siyasi etkisini art\u0131rman\u0131n \u00e7abas\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde\u201d diyerek, buna izin vermeyeceklerini vurgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u201cy\u0131ll\u0131k 80 milyar avroluk ticari hacme ra\u011fmen\u201d\u00a0 Rusya\u2019n\u0131n eskiden etkili oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgelerde halen etkili olmaya devam etmesinden rahats\u0131z oldu\u011funu ilan etti\u011fini de hesaba katmak gerekir. Do\u011fu Avrupa ve Balkanlarda Alman-Rus geriliminin tarihsel arka plan\u0131 g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilemez. Bug\u00fcn ABD\u2019yi b\u00f6lgeden uzakla\u015ft\u0131rma ittifak\u0131 kurulmu\u015f olsa bile Alman-Rus ortak y\u00f6netiminin s\u00f6z konusu dahi olamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ekonomik ili\u015fkilerin motivasyonunun da her iki \u00fclkenin kendi milli \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 oldu\u011funa g\u00f6re Balkan payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda da temel etkenin kendi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 oldu\u011funu ifade etmek gerekir.<\/p>\n Makale ilk olarak “Macedonia: Between Resolving Its Problems and Dissolution<\/strong>” ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla Diplomatic Observer dergisinin February 2018 (120) say\u0131s\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n [1]<\/a> Politikac\u0131lar, dini liderler, gazeteciler ve hatta \u00fclkedeki yabanc\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7ilikler d\u00e2hil 20 bin ki\u015finin telefonlar\u0131n\u0131n Ba\u015fbakan Nikola Gruevski\u2019nin bilgisi d\u00e2hilinde yasa d\u0131\u015f\u0131 dinlendi\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n [2]<\/a> G\u00f6zde K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 Ya\u015f\u0131n, Makedonya\u2019da Kumonova Bask\u0131n\u0131 Nedir, Ne De\u011fildir?, 16 May\u0131s 2015, http:\/\/www.21yyte.org\/tr\/arastirma\/balkanlar-ve-kibris-arastirmalari-merkezi\/2015\/05\/16\/8194\/makedonyada-kumanova-baskini-nedir-ne-degildir<\/p>\n [3]<\/a> Devlet Se\u00e7im Komisyonu (DIK) taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131klamaya g\u00f6re, 11 Aral\u0131k 2016\u2019da ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen se\u00e7imde, VMRO-DPMNE oylar\u0131n y\u00fczde 38,09’unu (51 milletvekili), Makedonya Sosyal Demokratlar Birli\u011fi (SDSM) \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki ittifak y\u00fczde 36,67\u2019sini (49 mv), Demokratik B\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fme Birli\u011fi (BDI) y\u00fczde 7,29\u2019unu (10 mv), BESA Hareketi y\u00fczde 4,87\u2019sini (5mv), Arnavutlar \u0130\u00e7in \u0130ttifak y\u00fczde 2,95\u2019ini (3mv), Arnavut Demokratik Partisi (PDSH) y\u00fczde 2,61\u2019ini (2mv) ald\u0131.<\/p>\n [4]<\/a> Zoran Zaev h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, Makedon partisi LSDM, Arnavut partileri BD\u0130 ve Arnavut Birli\u011fi Partisi\u2018nin toplam 62 oyu ile (44 hay\u0131r ve 5 \u00e7ekimser oy kullan\u0131ld\u0131) 120 sandalyeli meclisten g\u00fcvenoyu ald\u0131.<\/p>\n [5]<\/a> Minimum wages in Montenegro are lowest in former Yugoslavia, 22 January 2018, https:\/\/www.b92.net\/eng\/news\/region.php?yyyy=2018&mm=01&dd=22&nav_id=103319<\/a><\/p>\n [6]<\/a> Bu hamle \u00f6zellikle sefalet ve yoksullu\u011fun silah, uyu\u015fturucu, insan ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ter\u00f6r taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi olarak tan\u0131mland\u0131. Bu da Balkan g\u00f6\u00e7menlerinin bu t\u00fcr su\u00e7larla ba\u011flant\u0131land\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Gentiloni, Merkel, Macron talk migration at Trieste Balkan summit, 13 July 2017, http:\/\/news.xinhuanet.com\/english\/2017-07\/13\/c_136439180.htm<\/a><\/p>\n [7]<\/a> Italy warns EU must keep door open to Balkan members, 12 July 2017,<\/p>\n http:\/\/www.dailymail.co.uk\/wires\/ap\/article-4689032\/EU-seeks-assure-Balkans-summit-despite-problems.html<\/p>\n [8]<\/a> \u0417\u0430\u0435\u0432 \u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0448\u0435 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0442 \u201e3 \u2013 6 \u2013 9\u201c: \u041f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u0440\u0437\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u043e \u0415\u0423, Meta.MK, 5 \u0458\u0443\u043b\u0438, 2017, http:\/\/meta.mk\/zaev-go-prezentirashe-planot-3-6-9-paket-brzi-reformi-za-preporaka-i-za-pregovori-so-eu\/<\/p>\n [9]<\/a> Macedonia and Greece appear close to settling 27-year dispute over name, 13 June 2017, The Guardian<\/p>\n [10]<\/a> Organizat\u00f6rler 400 bin g\u00f6stericinin oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. More than 100,000 Greeks protest over word “Macedonia”, 22 January 2018, https:\/\/www.b92.net\/eng\/news\/region.php?yyyy=2018&mm=01&dd=22&nav_id=103313<\/p>\n [11]<\/a> Yunanlar i\u00e7in sebep Makedonya\u2019n\u0131n Yunanistan\u2019a ait co\u011frafi bir b\u00f6lge olmas\u0131 ve devlet ismi olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n Yunanistan\u2019dan toprak talebini g\u00fcndeme getirebilecek olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Arnavutlar ise Makedonya ismine, kendi milliyetlerini Makedon olarak belirlemi\u015f toplulu\u011fa ait bir \u00fclke izlenimi verdi\u011fi i\u00e7in kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/p>\n [12]<\/a> Five proposals for Macedonia’s new name \u2013 report, 19 January 2018, Tanjung<\/p>\n [13]<\/a> https:\/\/www.ndi.org\/sites\/default\/files\/March%2717pollpowerpointapril20.pptx.pdf<\/a>, Mart 2017; http:\/\/www.iri.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2017-5-5_macedonia_slides.pdf<\/a>; http:\/\/www.iri.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2017-9-18_macedonia_poll.pdf<\/a>, A\u011fustos 2017<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Makedonya- Yunanistan\u2019la isim sorununu nihayet \u00e7\u00f6zecek gibi duruyor. Makedonya di\u011fer kemikle\u015fmi\u015f sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 da \u00e7\u00f6zmeye niyetli ama acaba ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00fclke-devlet-vatanda\u015f b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc de \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fcyor mu? Zoran Zaev, Makedonya\u2019ya neyi vaat ediyor?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":1259,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_ef_editorial_meta_date_first-draft-date":"","_ef_editorial_meta_paragraph_assignment":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[2,66,69],"tags":[46,43,42,44,45],"coauthors":[30],"class_list":["post-1252","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel","category-siyaset-tarih","category-yakin-cografya","tag-azinliklar","tag-federalizm","tag-makedonya","tag-uniter-devlet","tag-yunanistan"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1252","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/28"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1252"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1252\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1259"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1252"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1252"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1252"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=1252"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![\"\"](\"http:\/\/misak.millidusunce.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/zoran-zaev-2-300x225.jpg\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"http:\/\/misak.millidusunce.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/yunanistan-tarihinin-en-buyuk-protestosu-1-300x161.jpg\")
Di\u011fer taraftan ise Makedonya \u00fczerinde asl\u0131nda Helen olduklar\u0131, asl\u0131nda Bulgar k\u00f6kenli olduklar\u0131, asl\u0131nda S\u0131rp olduklar\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki tarihi tart\u0131\u015fma varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruyor ve milliyet\u00e7i S\u0131rplardaki Makedonya\u2019n\u0131n gidi\u015fat\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fck endi\u015feler de bu iddialarla ilgili g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. T\u00fcm bu s\u00fcre\u00e7le e\u015f zamanl\u0131 ya\u015fanan kilise sorunu da bu i\u015fin tuzu-biberi oldu. Makedonya\u2019daki S\u0131rp Kilisesi\u2019ne ba\u011fl\u0131 Ortodoks Kilisesinin yan\u0131nda son 20 y\u0131lda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan Makedon Ortodoks Kilisesi ve bu kilisenin Bulgar Ortodoks Kilisesi\u2019yle birle\u015fme \u00e7abas\u0131, Moskova Kilisesi\u2019nin de buna izin vermesi ayn\u0131 s\u00fcrecin farkl\u0131 bir boyutu gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. \u0130ster istemez akla Ukrayna geliyor. Kiliselerle birlikte Ortodoks Makedonlar\u0131n da b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi ise tamamen ayr\u0131 bir konu. \u00d6yle ki, bir noktadan sonra \u00fclkeyi bir arada tutacak unsurun Arnavutlar olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeden edemiyoruz. Ger\u00e7ekten de Makedonya bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmenin e\u015fi\u011finde mi yoksa kemikle\u015fmi\u015f sorunlar\u0131 arkas\u0131nda b\u0131rakarak \u00e7ok daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc yeni bir do\u011fu\u015f yapmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn m\u00fc? Sorunun cevab\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00f6zler bu y\u0131l Makedonya \u00fczerinde olacak\u2026<\/p>\n