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Son g\u00fcnlerde \u00fclkemizin Akdeniz k\u0131y\u0131 \u015feridinde pe\u015f pe\u015fe \u00e7\u0131kan ve maalesef can kay\u0131plar\u0131na neden olan orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131 nedeniyle, medyada yap\u0131lan tart\u0131\u015fmalar, genelde konuyu yeterince bilmeyen ki\u015filerce yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, kamuoyu ger\u00e7eklerin tamam\u0131n\u0131 kavramakta zorluk \u00e7ekmektedir. Yap\u0131lan bunca televizyon program\u0131n\u0131n her birinde konunun bir y\u00f6n\u00fc i\u015flenmekte, deyim yerindeyse k\u00f6rlerin fili tuttu\u011fu organ\u0131na g\u00f6re tarif etmesine benzer bir anlay\u0131\u015fla, sorunu herkes kendince ba\u015fka t\u00fcrl\u00fc tan\u0131mlamaktad\u0131r. Bunun yan\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekleri tam yans\u0131tmayan eksik veya yanl\u0131\u015f bilgiler sosyal medyada dola\u015f\u0131ma sokularak, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde bilgi kirlili\u011fine neden olunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ben, bu yaz\u0131mda y\u0131llarca yang\u0131n b\u00f6lgelerinde her kademede ve Bakanl\u0131k kararg\u00e2h\u0131nda sorumluluklar alm\u0131\u015f biri olarak, fazlaca ayr\u0131nt\u0131ya girmeden ancak konunun anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131na yetecek kadar teknik bilgileri de vermek suretiyle, konuyu ana hatlar\u0131yla anlatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131m. 27 Temmuz 2021 tarihinden beri Mu\u011fla\u2019dan Kahramanmara\u015f\u2019a kadar uzanan Akdeniz sahillerimizdeki yang\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f nedenlerinin kundaklama oldu\u011fu ihtimalini de konunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tutuyorum. Y\u00fczlerce yang\u0131n s\u00fcrerken, bir\u00e7ok insan\u0131m\u0131z can\u0131n\u0131, mal\u0131n\u0131, evini kaybetmi\u015fken, yang\u0131nlarla ilgili tart\u0131\u015fma yapman\u0131n sevimsiz oldu\u011funu ve bu konunun yang\u0131n mevsimi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda enine boyuna tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini de \u00f6zellikle vurgulamak istiyorum.<\/p>\n
Orman yang\u0131n\u0131; serbest yay\u0131lma e\u011filiminde olan ve ormanda ya\u015fama birli\u011fi i\u00e7inde bulunan canl\u0131 ve cans\u0131z t\u00fcm varl\u0131klar\u0131 yakarak zarar veren yanma olay\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Akdeniz B\u00f6lgesinin orman ve makilik alanlar\u0131, y\u00fcksek yan\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011fa sahip olmalar\u0131 nedeniyle, bu b\u00f6lgede yang\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 hayat\u0131n do\u011fal ak\u0131\u015f\u0131na uygundur. Bizdeki yang\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu insan kaynakl\u0131 ama y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m d\u00fc\u015fmesi gibi do\u011fal nedenlerle de yang\u0131nlar \u00e7\u0131kabilmektedir. Di\u011fer taraftan bu g\u00fcnlerdeki \u00f6zellikle Manavgat, Marmaris ve Milas yang\u0131nlar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi y\u00fcksek hava s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck hava nemi ve kurutucu r\u00fczg\u00e2r gibi do\u011fal fakt\u00f6rlerin yang\u0131n\u0131n seyrini, h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131, alan b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve s\u00f6nd\u00fcrme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok etkiledi\u011fini de belirtmek gerekir.<\/p>\n
Orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131yla m\u00fccadelenin \u00fc\u00e7 evresi vard\u0131r;<\/p>\n
Orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131yla m\u00fccadelenin her \u00fc\u00e7 evresini de d\u00fczenleyen ana y\u00f6netmeli\u011fimiz olan \u201cOrman Yang\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00d6nlenmesi ve S\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclmesinde G\u00f6revlilerin G\u00f6recekleri \u0130\u015fler Hakk\u0131nda Y\u00f6netmelik\u201din 11. Maddesine g\u00f6re Orman Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn (OGM) Ta\u015fra \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc, il baz\u0131nda \u201cOrman Yang\u0131nlar\u0131 S\u00f6nd\u00fcrme Planlar\u0131\u201d haz\u0131rlarlar. Bu planlar s\u00fcrekli y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte olup, her y\u0131l de\u011fi\u015fen \u015fartlara g\u00f6re g\u00fcncellenirler. Son yang\u0131nlarda \u0130l ve \u0130l\u00e7e Yang\u0131n Koordinasyon Kurullar\u0131ndan d\u0131\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia eden belediye ba\u015fkanlar\u0131, bu y\u00f6netmeli\u011fin 32. maddesine g\u00f6re olu\u015fturulan kurullar\u0131n do\u011fal \u00fcyeleridirler. D\u0131\u015flanmalar\u0131, devletin kendi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 planlar\u0131 ink\u00e2r etmesi demektir.<\/p>\n
Her yang\u0131n mevsimi \u00f6ncesinde yang\u0131n g\u00f6zetleme kuleleri, ilk m\u00fcdahale ekipleri ile haz\u0131r kuvvet ekipleri, ara\u00e7 gere\u00e7 ve te\u00e7hizat y\u00f6n\u00fcnden g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irilerek aktif hale getirilir. Ta\u015fra \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin bu ba\u011flamda yapabilecekleri, y\u00f6re halk\u0131n\u0131n yang\u0131nlara ili\u015fkin fark\u0131ndal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131rmak \u00fczere konferanslar verilmesi, afi\u015f, duyuru ve uyar\u0131 levhalar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irilmesi, gerekiyorsa yenilerin konmas\u0131 ve benzeri hizmetlerdir.<\/p>\n
Orman insan ili\u015fkisi anlam\u0131nda yap\u0131lacak en etkin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ise orman i\u00e7i ve kenar\u0131nda ya\u015fayan insanlara y\u00f6nelik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalard\u0131r. Burada en hassas nokta, bu hizmet birimlerinin tamam\u0131nda y\u00f6reyi tan\u0131yan orman k\u00f6y ve mahallelerinden insanlar\u0131n g\u00f6revlendirilmeleridir. Biraz sonra anlataca\u011f\u0131m nedenlerle ormanlara y\u00f6re halk\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda giri\u015fler \u00e7o\u011falm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Son yang\u0131nlardaki kundaklama ihtimallerini de dikkate alarak yerel g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7leriyle i\u015f birli\u011fi yap\u0131larak, ormanlara giri\u015f \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flarda kontrol ve istihbarat \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131 da gerekecektir. Orman \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc, sabit ilk m\u00fcdahale ekiplerine ek olarak, insan hareketlili\u011finin yo\u011fun oldu\u011fu yerlerde gezici ilk m\u00fcdahale ekipleri g\u00f6revlendirebilir.<\/p>\n
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Yang\u0131nlara Orman \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc haz\u0131rlama, kullan\u0131lacak hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n nitelik ve niceli\u011finin belirlenmesi, nas\u0131l bir havadan m\u00fcdahale g\u00fcc\u00fc olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi, merkezin yapaca\u011f\u0131 (OGM ve\/veya ilgili Bakanl\u0131k) bir g\u00f6revdir.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki yang\u0131nlar nedeniyle \u00e7ok tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan OGM\u2019nin kullanaca\u011f\u0131 hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131 konusunun ge\u00e7mi\u015fini k\u0131saca hat\u0131rlatmak isterim.<\/p>\n
OGM ilk olarak 1988 y\u0131l\u0131nda Fransa\u2019dan 7 helikopter sat\u0131n ald\u0131. Helikopterler i\u00e7in Etimesgut\u2019ta bir \u00fcs kiralad\u0131. Helikopter say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n iki kat\u0131ndan fazla pilot g\u00f6revlendirdi. Bunlara lojman verdi. Yazlar\u0131 yang\u0131n b\u00f6lgelerinde g\u00f6revlendirildiler ama di\u011fer zamanlarda kapan\u0131n elinde kald\u0131. Bir b\u00fcy\u00fck helikopter, Antalya\u2019ya Ba\u015fbakan Turgut \u00d6zal\u2019\u0131 almaya giderken Polatl\u0131\u2019da d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Helikopter i\u015fletmecili\u011fi OGM\u2019nin yang\u0131n \u00f6deneklerinin \u00e7o\u011funu t\u00fcketirken, o \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde verimli olamad\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc OGM helikopter i\u015fletmecisi de\u011fil, kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Daha sonralar\u0131 bazen T\u00fcrk Hava Kurumundan (THK) bazen de ba\u015fka kaynaklardan helikopter ve u\u00e7ak kiraland\u0131. Her seferinde ba\u015fka kurulu\u015ftan ba\u015fka hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131 kiralanmas\u0131 ve farkl\u0131 personel kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, yerden m\u00fccadele ile koordine edilmesi gereken hava g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn etkinli\u011fini azaltmaktad\u0131r. Yang\u0131n esas olarak yerden y\u00f6netilir. Hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 da yerdeki yang\u0131n amiri y\u00f6netir.<\/p>\n
2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda THK ve OGM kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ferek 5 adet CL 415 tipi Kanada yap\u0131m\u0131 u\u00e7ak almay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrler ama u\u00e7aklar\u0131n her biri \u00e7\u0131plak 25 milyon USD\u2019dir. THK\u2019nin g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7ok \u00fcst\u00fcndedir. Bunun \u00fczerine tanesi 3 milyon USD olan gene Kanada yap\u0131m\u0131 biraz daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck CL 215 u\u00e7aklar\u0131 bulunur. Be\u015f u\u00e7ak i\u00e7in ek donan\u0131mlarla 16.5 milyon USD kaynak gerekmektedir ama THK\u2019n\u0131n b\u00f6yle bir kayna\u011f\u0131 yoktur. Sonunda OGM ile be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k kiralama s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi yap\u0131l\u0131nca, THK banka kredisi kullanarak bu u\u00e7aklar\u0131 sat\u0131n al\u0131r. \u015eu g\u00fcnlerde THK\u2019n\u0131n elindeki, kimilerinin hurda dedi\u011fi, kimilerinin d\u00f6rt tanesi hizmet verebilir dedi\u011fi u\u00e7aklar bunlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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\u00dclkemizde Orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda deprem, sel, yerle\u015fim yerleri yang\u0131nlar\u0131, arama kurtarma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, tar\u0131msal ila\u00e7lama \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 gibi bir\u00e7ok hizmette her t\u00fcr hava arac\u0131 kiralamas\u0131nda uygun model, uzman ve mill\u00ee bir kurulu\u015ftan kiralama modelidir. Burada ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en hizmetleri y\u00fcr\u00fctmekle g\u00f6revli hi\u00e7bir kurum, hava arac\u0131 i\u015fletmecisi olmamal\u0131d\u0131r. THK veya benzeri uzman bir kurulu\u015fun bu hizmetleri \u00fcslenmesindeki yararlar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle s\u0131ralayabiliriz;<\/p>\n
Kahramanmara\u015f\u2019tan \u00c7anakkale\u2019ye kadar, yang\u0131na birinci derecede hassas ormanlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgeler, en az bir yang\u0131n g\u00f6zetleme kulesinin g\u00f6rebilece\u011fi \u015fekilde bir g\u00f6zetleme a\u011f\u0131na sahiptir. Bir kulenin g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc duman ihbar\u0131, t\u00fcm b\u00f6lge m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn duyabilece\u011fi \u015fekilde kuleden iletilince, en yak\u0131n ilk m\u00fcdahale ekibi yang\u0131na ko\u015far. Di\u011fer yak\u0131n ekipler de teyakkuza ge\u00e7erler. Yang\u0131n ilk m\u00fcdahale ekiplerinden uzaktaysa veya yolu olmayan sarp bir noktadaysa helikopterle ilk m\u00fcdahale ekibi indirilir. Yang\u0131n hemen s\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclemezse, helikopter ve\/veya u\u00e7ak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verilebilir. Hava h\u00e2lleri dikkate al\u0131narak, i\u015f\u00e7ilerle s\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan yang\u0131nlarda hava arac\u0131 kullan\u0131lmaz. Hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131m\u0131z yokken yang\u0131na \u00e7ok daha \u00e7abuk m\u00fcdahale edilirdi. \u015eimdi genellikle her ihbara helikopter m\u00fcdahale ediyor. Helikopterin su d\u00f6kerek m\u00fcdahale etti\u011fi her yang\u0131na mutlaka yer ekibi de gidece\u011fine g\u00f6re, bu ekibin \u00f6ncelikle m\u00fcdahale etmesi gerekir. Her yang\u0131na \u00f6nce helikopterle m\u00fcdahale edilmesi, zaten oraya gitmek zorunda olan yer ekiplerini tembelle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
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U\u00e7ak ve helikopterler tek ba\u015f\u0131na orman yang\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6nd\u00fcrmezler, ancak yang\u0131n s\u00f6nd\u00fcrmenin bir arac\u0131d\u0131rlar. Bunlar\u0131n yang\u0131n s\u00f6nd\u00fcrmede ne kadar etkin olabilecekleri, ne kadar uygun hava arac\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na, yer hizmetleriyle ne kadar iyi koordine edildi\u011fine ve nas\u0131l sevk ve idare edildi\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0 \u201cZafer piyadenin s\u00fcng\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn ucundad\u0131r.\u201d \u015feklindeki askeri s\u00f6yleme uygun olarak, orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131na ilk m\u00fcdahale edecek olan da son noktay\u0131 koyacak olan da alandaki yang\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7isidir, orman k\u00f6yl\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr. Havadaki bir u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n kiralama \u00fccreti ile yerde y\u00fczlerce yang\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7isi g\u00f6revlendirebilirsiniz. \u00dcstelik bunun istihdama katk\u0131s\u0131, yerli ve mill\u00ee olmas\u0131 (iktidar\u0131n s\u00f6ylemine uygun olarak), orman ve insan ili\u015fkisini d\u00fczeltmesi gibi di\u011fer yararlar\u0131 g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilemez.<\/p>\n
\u00d6zellikle b\u00fcy\u00fck amfibik u\u00e7aklar\u0131n bizim gibi k\u0131r\u0131k arazi yap\u0131s\u0131na sahip \u00fclkelerde kullan\u0131m\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. \u015euras\u0131n\u0131 da unutmamak gerekir ki ilk m\u00fcdahalede bast\u0131r\u0131lamay\u0131p b\u00fcy\u00fcyen ve \u015fiddetli r\u00fczg\u00e2r\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne d\u00fc\u015fen yang\u0131n\u0131, u\u00e7aklarla da s\u00f6nd\u00fcrmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmaz, do\u011fal bir engelle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131ncaya kadar devam eder. \u00d6nemli olan h\u0131zl\u0131 m\u00fcdahaleyle yang\u0131n\u0131n kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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Son y\u0131llarda yang\u0131n\u0131n ekolojik boyutu \u00fczerinde de durulmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Fazlaca teknik olan bu konuyu bir kenara b\u0131rakal\u0131m ama yang\u0131n\u0131n ekonomik boyutu daha kolay anla\u015f\u0131labilir oldu\u011fundan ona birazc\u0131k de\u011finmek isterim. OGM verilerine g\u00f6re, 2010 y\u0131l\u0131nda orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131 ile m\u00fccadele faaliyetlerine d\u00f6ner sermaye b\u00fct\u00e7esinden yap\u0131lan harcama miktar\u0131 48.701.431,79 TL olmu\u015ftur. Bu miktar\u0131n 42.011.720 TL\u2019sini u\u00e7ak ve helikopter giderlerinin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Yani yang\u0131nla m\u00fccadele \u00f6deneklerinin % 87,5\u2019i hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131na sarf edilmi\u015ftir. Di\u011fer taraftan birim alan s\u00f6nd\u00fcrme maliyeti 2001 y\u0131l\u0131nda 612 USD iken, 2006 y\u0131l\u0131nda 1293 USD ve 2009 y\u0131l\u0131nda 5603 USD olmu\u015ftur. (\u00d6zden S.-2012)\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n Yang\u0131n sonras\u0131nda yanan alan, saha emniyeti sa\u011flanarak yeniden a\u011fa\u00e7land\u0131rma program\u0131na al\u0131n\u0131r. Anayasa ve yasalar\u0131m\u0131za g\u00f6re bu alanlar, ormanc\u0131l\u0131k amac\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir hizmet i\u00e7in izne (Turizm, maden yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 gibi) konu edilemez. Ama yang\u0131nlar s\u00fcrerken \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan Anayasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131 bir Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 karar\u0131 ile yanan alanlar\u0131n turizm yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131labilece\u011fine tan\u0131k olduk.<\/p>\n Bu g\u00fcnlerde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131za benzer b\u00fcy\u00fck yang\u0131nlar sonras\u0131nda, uzman bir ekip ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 inceleme yaparak bir rapor haz\u0131rlar. Deyim yerindeyse b\u00fcy\u00fck yang\u0131nlar\u0131n hik\u00e2yesi yang\u0131ns\u0131z g\u00fcnlere yaz\u0131l\u0131r. Bu tip yang\u0131nlar, ge\u00e7mi\u015fte durum de\u011ferlendirmesine, hatta politika de\u011fi\u015fiklerine bile neden olabilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n \u00dclkemizde yak\u0131n tarihte 1994 Gelibolu Yar\u0131madas\u0131 yang\u0131n\u0131 ile 2009\u2019da Serik Ta\u015fa\u011f\u0131l yang\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015fad\u0131k. Her iki yang\u0131n da an\u0131z ate\u015finden \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Her iki yang\u0131n sonras\u0131nda baz\u0131 d\u00fczenlemeler yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Gelibolu yang\u0131n\u0131 sonras\u0131nda 4114 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun ile Orman Kanunu\u2019nda de\u011fi\u015fiklik yap\u0131larak, an\u0131z yak\u0131lmas\u0131na a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcebbet hapse kadar varan cezalar getirilmi\u015fti. Ta\u015fa\u011f\u0131l yang\u0131n\u0131ndan sonra OGM taraf\u0131ndan YARDOP denilen ve h\u00e2l\u00e2 tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 olan bir proje geli\u015ftirilmi\u015fti. An\u0131z yak\u0131lmas\u0131na devletin yasak\u00e7\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n, orman-insan ili\u015fkisine hi\u00e7bir olumlu katk\u0131s\u0131 olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yang\u0131n \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nca oraya onlarca insanla m\u00fcdahale etti\u011finize g\u00f6re vatanda\u015f\u0131n an\u0131z yakmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak, \u00e7ok daha ak\u0131lc\u0131 ve ekonomik bir yakla\u015f\u0131md\u0131r. Bu yanl\u0131\u015f yakla\u015f\u0131m bile h\u00e2l\u00e2 d\u00fczeltilememi\u015ftir. 2021 yang\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n da hik\u00e2yeleri yaz\u0131l\u0131nca neler olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rece\u011fiz. Bu yaz\u0131lacak hik\u00e2yenin bir\u00e7ok \u00f6gesi olacak ama en \u00f6nemlisi san\u0131r\u0131m, yang\u0131nlarda yerel \u00f6rg\u00fctlerle nas\u0131l bir koordinasyon sa\u011flanaca\u011f\u0131 ve yerle\u015fim yerlerinin nas\u0131l kurtar\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n Orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n nedenlerin b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc insan kaynakl\u0131 oldu\u011funa g\u00f6re yang\u0131nlar\u0131 \u00f6nleme ve s\u00f6nd\u00fcrme faaliyetlerinde de en b\u00fcy\u00fck yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n insana yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Bunun i\u00e7in orman i\u00e7inde ve kenar\u0131nda ya\u015fayan halk, ormanla b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fmeli, ormana yabanc\u0131la\u015fmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Son 19 y\u0131lda yap\u0131lan mevzuat d\u00fczenlemeleri, y\u00f6re d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan bir\u00e7ok yabanc\u0131 insan\u0131n ormana girip \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na ve ormanlar\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn bozulmas\u0131na neden olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n Asli orman \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131 \u201cdikili sat\u0131\u015f\u201d y\u00f6ntemi ile yap\u0131larak, y\u0131llarca orman k\u00f6yl\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015f olana\u011f\u0131 ve yasal avantajlar\u0131 (6831\/40. mad.) kaybolmu\u015ftur. Daha \u00f6nce orman i\u015fletmelerince do\u011frudan orman k\u00f6yl\u00fcs\u00fcne yapt\u0131r\u0131lan bir\u00e7ok hizmet (a\u011fa\u00e7land\u0131rma, erozyon kontrol\u00fc, s\u0131kl\u0131k bak\u0131m\u0131…benzeri) ihale ile yapt\u0131r\u0131larak, k\u00f6yl\u00fcn\u00fcn evinin \u00f6n\u00fcndeki i\u015fleri, m\u00fcteahhidin getirdi\u011fi yabanc\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7iler yapmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\nYang\u0131n sonras\u0131nda yap\u0131lacak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Hatal\u0131 politikalar<\/strong><\/h2>\n