{"id":14831,"date":"2022-02-10T19:00:29","date_gmt":"2022-02-10T16:00:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/?p=14831"},"modified":"2022-02-10T01:53:17","modified_gmt":"2022-02-09T22:53:17","slug":"kazan-tatarlarina-vurulan-son-darbe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/kazan-tatarlarina-vurulan-son-darbe\/","title":{"rendered":"Kazan Tatarlar\u0131na vurulan son darbe"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ruslar\u0131n T\u00fcrk D\u00fcnyas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u015fgal ve yok etme siyaseti bilinen bir ger\u00e7ektir. Ancak bu ger\u00e7e\u011fi, Rus olmayan milletlere uygulanan zulm\u00fc ya\u015famayanlara anlatmak g\u00fc\u00e7t\u00fcr. Bu ba\u011flamda her daim, devlet adam\u0131, \u00fcnl\u00fc tarih\u00e7i Zeki Velidi Togan\u2019\u0131n (1890\u20131970) \u015fu s\u00f6zleri akl\u0131ma geliyor: \u201cRuslara tabi olmayan m\u00fcstakil milletlere Rus meselesinin hakiki emperyalist mahiyetini anlatmak g\u00fc\u00e7t\u00fcr. Hakikati anlamak i\u00e7in her milletin evvela bir defa Rus mahk\u00fbmiyetinde olmas\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r.\u201d (Togan 1999: 397). <\/em>Ruslar T\u00fcrklerin ezelden beri olagelen d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131d\u0131r. Ruslar\u0131n 1552 y\u0131l\u0131nda Kazan Hanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fgali ile ba\u015flayan i\u015fgal s\u00fcreci bug\u00fcn de devam etmektedir. Y\u00fczy\u0131llar i\u00e7erisinde rejim de\u011fi\u015fse de Ruslar\u0131n siyaset anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 asla de\u011fi\u015fmemi\u015ftir. \u00c7arl\u0131k d\u00f6neminde zorla H\u0131ristiyanla\u015ft\u0131rma yoluyla Rusla\u015ft\u0131rma siyaseti y\u00fcr\u00fcten Ruslar, SSCB d\u00f6neminde Rus dilli tek tip insan yaratma, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ise kanun \u00e7\u0131karma yoluyla Rusla\u015ft\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemini kullanmaktad\u0131r. 1990\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda esen demokrasi r\u00fczg\u00e2rlar\u0131, ya\u015fanan de\u011fi\u015fiklikler SSCB terkibindeki milletlerin kaderini de etkilemi\u015ftir. 1991 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n sonunda SSCB\u2019nin \u00e7\u00f6kmesi her ne kadar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen bir ger\u00e7ek olsa da hi\u00e7 kimse bu duruma haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 de\u011fildi. 1992 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n 21 Mart tarihinde Tataristan\u2019da referandum yap\u0131ld\u0131 ve halka \u201cSiz, Tataristan\u2019\u0131n egemen devlet olarak uluslararas\u0131 hukukta, Rusya ve ba\u015fka cumhuriyetler, devletler ile kendi ili\u015fkilerini e\u015fit hukuki anla\u015fmalar esas\u0131nda bir ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z Cumhuriyet olmas\u0131n\u0131 istiyor musunuz?\u201d<\/em> sorusu y\u00f6neltildi. Halk\u0131n %61,4\u2019\u00fc Tataristan\u2019\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan yana oy kulland\u0131. Referandumun sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na istinaden 1992 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n 6 Kas\u0131m<\/em> tarihinde Egemen Tataristan Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin Anayasas\u0131<\/em> kabul edildi. 1992 referandumu Tataristan\u2019\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlayan uluslararas\u0131 hukuki bir belgedir. Tataristan\u2019\u0131n Rusya Federasyonu\u2019na kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair herhangi bir imza bulunmamakla birlikte 1994 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n 15 \u015eubat<\/em> tarihinde Tataristan\u2019\u0131n Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 M. \u015eeymiyev Rusya Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 B. Yeltsin ile \u201cTataristan ve Rusya aras\u0131nda yetki payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u201d <\/em>anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 imzalam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Tataristan\u2019da ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen referandum Ruslar\u0131 her daim rahats\u0131z etmi\u015ftir ki Rusya bu referandumu tan\u0131mam\u0131\u015f ve s\u00f6z konusu referandumu yok saymak, unutturmak, etkisiz k\u0131lmak i\u00e7in elinden geleni yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bilhassa 2000 y\u0131l\u0131nda Putin, iktidara geldikten sonra \u00e7e\u015fitli yasalar \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131larak referandum sonucunda kabul edilen Tataristan Anayasas\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fime u\u011frat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Putin, Rusya Anayasas\u0131\u2019nda de\u011fi\u015fiklik ve eklemeler yaparak Tataristan Anayasas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in elinden geleni yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 19 Nisan 2001<\/em> tarihinde Rusya Anayasa Mahkemesi Tataristan Anayasas\u0131\u2019ndaki Tataristan\u2019\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair maddesini Rusya Anayasas\u0131\u2019na ayk\u0131r\u0131 bulmu\u015f ve 2002 y\u0131l\u0131nda Tataristan Devlet \u015euras\u0131 bu karar gere\u011fi Tataristan Anayasas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. 1992 y\u0131l\u0131ndan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar Tataristan Anayasas\u0131 18 kez de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f olup Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n i\u00e7i bo\u015falt\u0131l\u0131p sadece ad\u0131 kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kazan Tatarlar\u0131, Rusya\u2019da ikinci b\u00fcy\u00fck n\u00fcfusu olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. K\u00f6kl\u00fc bir ge\u00e7mi\u015fi, zengin bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc, gelenekleri olan Kazan Tatarlar\u0131, Ruslar\u0131n her daim korkulu r\u00fcyas\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Her ne kadar devlet\u00e7ilik ilkesi ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere bir\u00e7ok ilke ve gelene\u011fi Kazan Tatarlar\u0131ndan alan Ruslar bu k\u00f6kl\u00fc milleti yok etmek i\u00e7in y\u00fczy\u0131llard\u0131r u\u011fra\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Kazan Tatarlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczy\u0131llard\u0131r s\u00fcregelen ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k m\u00fccadelesi farkl\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerde ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f ise de sonuca var\u0131lamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1990\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda ya\u015fanan de\u011fi\u015fimler Kazan Tatarlar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele ba\u011flam\u0131nda ilerlemesini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak Kazan Tatarlar\u0131n\u0131n elde etti\u011fi haklar\u0131 y\u0131llar i\u00e7inde s\u0131f\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1992 Tataristan referandumu, Tataristan Anayasas\u0131, Anayasadaki \u201cba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k\u201d tabiri, 30 A\u011fustos Cumhuriyet Bayram\u0131, Tatar dilinin resmi dil olarak Anayasa\u2019da yer almas\u0131, Tatar okullar\u0131, Tataristan Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 ad\u0131 vs. Putin ve h\u00fck\u00fcmetini rahats\u0131z etmi\u015ftir. Elinden geleni arkas\u0131na koymayan Putin, son olarak Tataristan Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 ad\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ile ilgili kanunu imzalam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tataristan Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 ad\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rma \u00e7abas\u0131 bir anda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bir \u015fey de\u011fildir. Daha \u00f6nce Mill\u00ee Cumhuriyetlerin Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 halk taraf\u0131ndan se\u00e7ilirken, 13 Eyl\u00fcl 2004 tarihinde Putin\u2019in imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kanun gere\u011fi Rusya taraf\u0131ndan atanmas\u0131 kanunla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, b\u00f6ylelikle Kazan Hanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Rus h\u00e2kimiyeti alt\u0131ndaki d\u00f6neme geri d\u00f6n\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Konuyla ilgili d\u00f6nemin Rusya Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Medvedev 15 Ekim 2009\u2019da ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen bir toplant\u0131da \u201cBa\u015fkanlar\u0131 se\u00e7mek Rusya geleneklerine ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r. Valiler 100 y\u0131ldan sonra da se\u00e7ilmeyecektir\u201d s\u00f6zleriyle, Rusya\u2019daki t\u00fcm milletlerin Rus geleneklerine g\u00f6re ya\u015famalar\u0131 gerekti\u011fini ima etmekle kalmam\u0131\u015f, Mill\u00ee Cumhuriyetlerin \u2013 vilayet, Cumhurba\u015fkanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u2013 vali olacaklar\u0131na dair d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesini bildirmi\u015ftir. 2010 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00c7e\u00e7enistan Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Ramzan Kadirov \u201cb\u00f6lge ba\u015fkanlar\u0131 cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r\u201d diyerek \u00c7e\u00e7enistan\u2019da cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 ad\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ondan sonra t\u00fcm Kuzey Kafkasya ve di\u011fer cumhuriyetlerin cumhurba\u015fkanlar\u0131 da Kadirov\u2019un yolunu se\u00e7mi\u015ftir. 2010 y\u0131l\u0131nda kabul edilen federal kanun gere\u011fi 1 Ocak 2015 tarihinden itibaren Mill\u00ee Cumhuriyetlerin cumhurba\u015fkanlar\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131 \u201cb\u00f6lge ba\u015fkan\u0131\u201d olarak de\u011fi\u015fmesi gerekmekteydi. Rusya Dumas\u0131 Tataristan i\u00e7in bu karar\u0131 1 y\u0131l ertelemi\u015ftir. B\u00f6ylece Tataristan\u2019da cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 ad\u0131 muhafaza edilmi\u015f, Tataristan Anayasas\u0131\u2019nda da bu konuda bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda Putin: \u201cTataristan cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l adland\u0131raca\u011f\u0131 konusunu Tataristan halk\u0131 kendi karar vermelidir. Bu Tataristan\u2019\u0131n i\u015fidir. Ben bunu herhangi bir mill\u00ee duygularla ilgisi oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fcyorum. Kafkasya halklar\u0131 i\u00e7inde de mill\u00ee duygular \u00e7ok kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k, ancak \u00c7e\u00e7enistan bile \u201chay\u0131r\u201d demi\u015fken\u2026 Bu \u00c7e\u00e7enistan halk\u0131n\u0131n iradesiydi ve biz Tataristan halk\u0131n\u0131n fikrine de sayg\u0131yla bakaca\u011f\u0131z. Onun i\u00e7in siz bu i\u015fi kendiniz halledin\u201d demi\u015ftir. Ancak bilindi\u011fi \u00fczere Rus olmayan milletleri yok etme siyaseti y\u00fcr\u00fcten Ruslar\u0131n s\u00f6ylem ile eylem aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7eli\u015fkisi s\u00f6ylenenlerin samimi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

2021 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Ekim ay\u0131 sonlar\u0131nda Rusya Dumas\u0131\u2019na \u201cRusya subjektlerinde kamu h\u00e2kimiyetini d\u00fczenlemenin genel ilkelerine dair\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 kanun tasar\u0131s\u0131 sunulmu\u015ftur. S\u00f6z konusu tasar\u0131 b\u00f6lge idarecilerini \u201cba\u015fkan\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6rmektedir. Kanun tasar\u0131s\u0131, Rusya Dumas\u0131 ve Federasyon \u015eura\u2019n\u0131n devlet d\u00fczeni ve yasama komitesi ba\u015fkanlar\u0131 Pavel Kra\u015feninnikov ve Andrey Kli\u015fas taraf\u0131ndan sunulmu\u015ftur. \u201cRusya subjektlerinde kamu h\u00e2kimiyetini d\u00fczenlemenin genel ilkelerine dair\u201d kanun tasar\u0131s\u0131 \u00f6nce Rusya Dumas\u0131\u2019nda kabul edilmi\u015f, Federasyon \u015euras\u0131\u2019nca onand\u0131ktan sonra Putin\u2019in imzas\u0131na sunulmu\u015ftur. 21 Aral\u0131k 2021 tarihinde Putin kanunu imzalam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130mzalanan bu kanuna g\u00f6re,<\/p>\n

– B\u00f6lge y\u00f6neticileri 2 defadan fazla se\u00e7ilebilecek;<\/p>\n

– B\u00f6lge y\u00f6neticileri \u201ccumhurba\u015fkan\u0131\u201d diye adland\u0131r\u0131lmayacak;<\/p>\n

– B\u00f6lge normlar\u0131 Rusya Anayasas\u0131\u2019na ve Federal kanunlara kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmayacak;<\/p>\n

Tataristan Devlet \u015euras\u0131 25 Ekim\u2019de \u201cRusya subjektlerinde kamu h\u00e2kimiyetini d\u00fczenlemenin genel ilkelerine dair\u201d tasar\u0131ya oybirli\u011fi ile kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f ise de, federal kanun tasar\u0131s\u0131 74 evet, 8 \u00e7ekimser oyla Tataristan Devlet \u015euras\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ilk oturumda kabul edilmi\u015ftir. Milletvekilleri aras\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 fikirler olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen Tataristan\u2019\u0131n mevcut Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 R\u00f6stem Mi\u00f1nehanov fikir beyan etmemeye ve kanun tasar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 onaylamaya davet etmi\u015ftir. \u201cRusya subjektlerinde kamu h\u00e2kimiyetini d\u00fczenlemenin genel ilkelerine dair\u201d kanun 1 Haziran 2022\u2019de y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girecektir. Kanunun baz\u0131 maddeleri ise 1 Ocak 2023 tarihinde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girecektir.<\/p>\n

Tataristan\u2019da cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 ad\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 Kazan Tatarlar\u0131n\u0131 yok etmeye y\u00f6nelik vurulan son darbedir. Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 ad\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, 1992 halk oylamas\u0131n\u0131n hi\u00e7e say\u0131lmas\u0131, Tataristan Anayasas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n s\u0131f\u0131rlanmas\u0131 ve nihayetinde Tataristan Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin yok edilerek bir b\u00f6lge ad\u0131 ile adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmektedir. Putin\u2019in d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesine g\u00f6re, b\u00f6ylece Tatar ve Tataristan kelimeleri ortadan kalkacak ve k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir ge\u00e7mi\u015fi olan bir millet tarih sayfas\u0131ndan silinecektir. Tarih sayfas\u0131na \u015fanl\u0131 bir isim yazd\u0131rmak, zengin bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr yaratmak kolay bir \u015fey de\u011fildir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda bu yaz\u0131lan ad\u0131 tarihten silmek ya da silmek istemek i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan giri\u015fimler de beyhudedir. Kazan Tatarlar\u0131 olmu\u015f, var ve gelecekte de var olacakt\u0131r. Bunu yok etmeye kimsenin g\u00fcc\u00fc yetmeyecektir!<\/p>\n

Kaynak\u00e7a:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Togan, Zeki Velidi,<\/em> Hat\u0131ralar. T\u00fcrkistan ve Di\u011fer M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Do\u011fu T\u00fcrklerinin Mill\u00ee Varl\u0131k ve K\u00fclt\u00fcr M\u00fccadeleleri, <\/em>Ankara 1999.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Kazan Tatarlar\u0131, Rusya i\u00e7indeki en b\u00fcy\u00fck 2. topluluktur. Rusya, Kazan Tatarlar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm haklar\u0131n\u0131 y\u0131llarca gasp etmi\u015f olup en son Putin’in kararnamesi ile Tataristan devlet ba\u015fkanlar\u0131n\u0131n Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 unvan\u0131n\u0131 kullanmas\u0131n\u0131 da yasaklam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":170,"featured_media":14911,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_ef_editorial_meta_date_first-draft-date":"","_ef_editorial_meta_paragraph_assignment":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[70,66,67,68],"tags":[2204,655,164,1704,654],"coauthors":[1703],"class_list":["post-14831","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-rusya","category-siyaset-tarih","category-tehditler","category-turkluk-turkculuk","tag-kazan","tag-kirim","tag-rusya","tag-tatar","tag-tatar-turkleri"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14831","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/170"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14831"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14831\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14913,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14831\/revisions\/14913"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14911"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14831"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14831"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14831"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=14831"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}