{"id":1508,"date":"2018-03-16T19:30:23","date_gmt":"2018-03-16T16:30:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/misak.millidusunce.com\/?p=1508"},"modified":"2018-03-16T17:15:58","modified_gmt":"2018-03-16T14:15:58","slug":"hawkingi-anlamak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/hawkingi-anlamak\/","title":{"rendered":"Hawking\u2019i anlamak"},"content":{"rendered":"

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D\u00fcnya Pi g\u00fcn\u00fc, yani y\u0131l\u0131n 3. ay\u0131n\u0131n 14. g\u00fcn\u00fcnde haber kanallar\u0131nda Stephen Hawking\u2019in \u00f6l\u00fcm haberi yank\u0131land\u0131. \u0130nanc\u0131m\u0131z \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn ard\u0131ndan k\u00f6t\u00fc anmay\u0131 ho\u015f kar\u015f\u0131lamasa da naho\u015f yorumlar ve fikirler azalmadan sosyal medyada devam etmektedir. Bu yaz\u0131 ile bir m\u00fchendis olarak Hawking\u2019den ne anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 sunmak istedim. Burada amac\u0131m Hawking\u2019in fikirlerini kesinlikle \u00f6vmek de\u011fil veya toplumsal sevdam\u0131z olan komplo teorisi sunmak de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

Stephen Hawking teorik fizik\u00e7i, kozmolog ve yazar olarak Cambridge \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne kadar g\u00f6rev alm\u0131\u015f, \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden 10 g\u00fcn \u00f6nce yani 4 Mart 2018 tarihinde \u201cA Smooth Exit from Eternal Inflation?\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 makalesine d\u00fczeltme yazan (bkz.https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1707.07702<\/a>) motor n\u00f6ron hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na ( ALS ) ra\u011fmen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma azminden bir\u015fey kaybetmeyen, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 sebebiyle v\u00fccudunun i\u015flevini neredeyse tamamen yitiren 21. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda gelir.<\/p>\n

Hawking sadece ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 e\u011fitim ile ilgili de\u011fil Evren Teorisi, Teoloji ve Gelecek Bilim konular\u0131nda da yay\u0131nlar vermi\u015f bir yazard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

“Einstein, ‘Tanr\u0131 zar atmaz’ derken hatal\u0131yd\u0131. Kara deliklerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Tanr\u0131’n\u0131n yaln\u0131zca zar atmakla kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu zarlar\u0131 g<\/em>\u00f6remeyece\u011fimiz yerlere atarak bizi \u015fa\u015f\u0131rtt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da g<\/em>\u00f6steriyor\u201d (S. Hawking)<\/em><\/p>\n

1964 y\u0131l\u0131nda 2-3 senelik \u00f6m\u00fcr bi\u00e7ilen birinin neden ve nas\u0131l hayata tutundu\u011fu en dikkat \u00e7ekici konudur. Her\u015feyden evvel hayata beyniyle tutunmu\u015ftur. Bir nefesine bile h\u00e2kim olamayaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bu hayatta Hawking\u2019den de \u00f6\u011freneceklerimiz var.<\/p>\n

1- \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmak.<\/p>\n

1964 senesinde 2-3 sene \u00f6m\u00fcr bi\u00e7ilen Hawking\u2019in sadece 1 sene sonras\u0131nda doktora tezi de dahil olmak \u00fczere toplam 4 ana yay\u0131n\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bu yay\u0131nlar teorik fizikte ve kozmolojide \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hayat\u0131n\u0131n t\u0131bbi olarak en zorlay\u0131c\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerinde en \u00f6nemli kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1988 y\u0131l\u0131nda yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cZaman\u0131n K\u0131sa Tarihi: B\u00fcy\u00fck Patlamadan Karadeliklere\u201d kitab\u0131 10 milyondan fazla satm\u0131\u015f, k\u0131rk dile \u00e7evrilmi\u015ftir. Uzay dokusunun olu\u015fumunu beyninde tezah\u00fcr ederek k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 bir dil ile okuyucuya ula\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130nand\u0131\u011f\u0131 do\u011fruda sabit kalarak sadece \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

2- Mevkisini ve makam\u0131n\u0131 ayaklar alt\u0131na alarak hatadan d\u00f6nmek.<\/p>\n

1975 y\u0131llar\u0131nda savundu\u011fu \u201cbilgi paradoksuna\u201d 1997\u2019de California Teknoloji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019nden John Preskill itiraz etmi\u015ftir. Kuantum Mekani\u011fi konusunda Hawking\u2019e itiraz etmenin ne demek oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde Preskill\u2019in ba\u015ftan hatal\u0131 oldu\u011fu \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ancak 2004\u2019te Hawking hatas\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmi\u015ftir. Hatas\u0131 konusunda da yay\u0131n yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

3- \u00dclkesi i\u00e7in \u00f6nc\u00fc olmak.<\/p>\n

Hawking bir \u0130ngiliz bilim insan\u0131 olarak Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k\u2019\u0131n en \u00f6nemli ni\u015fan ve \u00f6d\u00fcllerine sahiptir. Onursal Liyakat Ni\u015fan\u0131, Kraliyet Bilim Akademisi gibi bir \u00e7ok \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fc ve makam\u0131 bizzat Kraliyet ailesinden alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Her ne kadar baz\u0131 yay\u0131nlar\u0131nda tanr\u0131 tan\u0131maz ifadeler oldu\u011fu beyan edilse de Vatikan taraf\u0131ndan Papa XI. Pius Bilim Alt\u0131n Madalyas\u0131\u2019na sahiptir. ABD\u2019nin en y\u00fcksek sivil madalyas\u0131 olan Ba\u015fkanl\u0131k H\u00fcrriyet Madalyas\u0131na sahiptir. Newton\u2019dan sonra Cambridge \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde Lucasian Matematik Profes\u00f6r\u00fc unvan\u0131na sahip olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

4- Gelecek Tasavvurlar\u0131<\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndan yola \u00e7\u0131karak gelecek tasavvurlar\u0131nda bulunmu\u015ftur. Bunu yaparken ak\u0131lc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 hi\u00e7bir zaman b\u0131rakmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nma etkilerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek insan \u0131rk\u0131n\u0131n gelece\u011finin uzayda olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015ftir. Uzay ve biyolojiyi anlaman\u0131n bir \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r a\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunmu\u015ftur. T\u00fcm d\u00fcnyay\u0131 sorunlar konusunda uyarm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u201cEvren nereye gidiyor, bir sonu olacak m\u0131? E\u011fer olacaksa nas\u0131l sona erecek? E\u011fer bu sorular\u0131n yan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 bulursak, Tanr\u0131’n\u0131n zihnini de anlam\u0131\u015f oluruz.\u201d (S. Hawking)<\/em><\/p>\n

Elbette teorik fizik bilgimiz yeterliyse makale ve tezlerinden \u00f6\u011frenece\u011fimiz bir\u00e7ok \u015fey var. Ancak yeterli de\u011filse bile; Hawking\u2019in yukar\u0131da k\u0131saca d\u00f6rt madde olarak yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131m \u00f6zelli\u011fi bizler i\u00e7in de \u00f6nemli de\u011fil midir?<\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmal\u0131y\u0131z. Hi\u00e7 durmadan \u00fcretmek ve katma de\u011fer sa\u011flamak sadece \u00fclkemiz i\u00e7in de\u011fil insanl\u0131k i\u00e7in de mevcudiyetimizin temeli de\u011fil midir? D\u00fcnya d\u00fczeni t\u00fcketmeyi kutsarken, d\u00fczene kar\u015f\u0131 durmak ve bu duru\u015fumuzu \u00fcreterek g\u00f6stermemiz daha do\u011fru de\u011fil midir?<\/p>\n

Hatalardan ders \u00e7\u0131karmal\u0131y\u0131z. \u201cHatas\u0131z kul olmaz\u201d ancak hatalar\u0131 tekrarlamak veya hata \u00fczerinde \u0131srarc\u0131 olmak sadece bize de\u011fil bulundu\u011fumuz topluma da zarar vermez mi? Yak\u0131n ve uzak tarihlerimizde buna g\u00fczel bir \u00f6rnekler yok mudur?<\/p>\n

\u00dclkemiz i\u00e7in \u00f6nc\u00fc olmal\u0131y\u0131z. Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z her neyse, \u00fcretti\u011fimiz her neyse en iyisi olmal\u0131y\u0131z. Toplumda \u00f6zellikle gen\u00e7lerin rol model ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 duru\u015fuyla, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla ve s\u00f6ylemleriyle bizler gidermeliyiz. Yoksa bu bo\u015flu\u011fu ba\u015fka unsurlar doldurur. Gen\u00e7lerimiz ka\u00e7 bilim adam\u0131 sayabilir, ka\u00e7 ressam sayabilir, ka\u00e7 yazar sayabilir, ka\u00e7 heykelt\u0131ra\u015f sayabilir, ka\u00e7 sporcu sayabilir, ka\u00e7 \u015fark\u0131c\u0131 sayabilir, ka\u00e7 pop\u00fcler k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn pompalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 balon isimlerden sayabilir? \u0130\u015fte bu noktada \u00f6nc\u00fcleri ortaya koymak gelece\u011fi \u015fekillendirmek de\u011fil midir?<\/p>\n

Tarihi ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fc, okuyan, g\u00f6ren ve dinleyen her birey anlayabilir. Ya gelecek modellemesi, \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcleri, tasavvurlar\u0131? Ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnece\u011fimizi sistemler topluma vermektedir. B\u00f6ylelikle toplumlar geleceklerini kendilerine g\u00f6re de\u011fil sistemlere g\u00f6re kuruyorlar. Halbuki nas\u0131l d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnece\u011fimizi ortaya koyarsak gelece\u011fimizin de temellerini \u015fimdiden atm\u0131\u015f olmaz m\u0131y\u0131z?<\/p>\n

Hawking\u2019in bir s\u00f6z\u00fc ile sat\u0131rlar\u0131m\u0131 sonland\u0131rmak isterim. \u201cHayat varsa, umut da vard\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n

Sahi milliyet\u00e7iler hayatta m\u0131? Yoksa uzay\u0131n derinliklerindeki karadeliklerin \u00e7ekim etkisine mi girdi?<\/p>\n

Cevap;<\/p>\n

Umut var.<\/p>\n

Hayattay\u0131z.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00dcnl\u00fc bilim adam\u0131 Stephen Hawking, bir \u00e7ok \u00f6nc\u00fc fikir ortaya att\u0131 veya ispatlad\u0131. Yazar, Hawking’in \u00f6rnek al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken y\u00f6nlerini vurgulayarak, bize Gasp\u0131ral\u0131’n\u0131n “milletine yard\u0131m etmek istiyorsan elindeki i\u015ften ba\u015fla” d\u00fcsturunu hat\u0131rlat\u0131yor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":1510,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_ef_editorial_meta_date_first-draft-date":"","_ef_editorial_meta_paragraph_assignment":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[60,2],"tags":[],"coauthors":[27],"class_list":["post-1508","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-teknoloji","category-genel"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1508","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1508"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1508\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1510"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1508"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1508"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1508"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=1508"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}