{"id":16048,"date":"2022-09-07T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-09-07T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/?p=16048&#038;preview=true&#038;preview_id=16048"},"modified":"2022-09-07T21:19:36","modified_gmt":"2022-09-07T18:19:36","slug":"turkiyenin-tapusu-lozan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/turkiyenin-tapusu-lozan\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin tapusu Lozan"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>S\u00f6zc\u00fc Gazetesi\u2019nde Deniz Zeyrek\u2019in 31 A\u011fustos\u2019ta yay\u0131nlanan yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201c<em>Ke\u015fke esir kalsaym\u0131\u015fs\u0131n\u0131z<\/em>\u201d idi<em>. <\/em>Say\u0131n Zeyrek eski TBMM Ba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131 bu ifadesi sebebiyle ele\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. \u0130smail Kahraman <em>\u201cCihan harbi bitti kazananlar alacaklar\u0131n\u0131n bir ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131p gittiler<strong>, <\/strong>\u00e7ekildiler.<\/em>\u201d \u00a0a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 bence dil s\u00fcr\u00e7mesi sonucunda s\u00f6ylenmi\u015f olsa gerek. Bu c\u00fcmle, Sevr (Sevres) Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 bilmemek demektir. Sevr e\u011fer Lozan ile ortadan kalkmasayd\u0131, o zaman \u201c\u2026<strong><em>\u00a0 <\/em><\/strong><em>kazananlar alacaklar\u0131n\u0131n bir ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131p gittiler\u201d <\/em>a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 bir anlam ifade ederdi.<\/p>\n<p>Bu konuda daha sonra yap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131klama \u015f\u00f6yledir: <em>\u201cAyn\u0131 \u015fekilde yurdumuzu i\u015fgal eden ve d\u00f6rt sene topraklar\u0131m\u0131zda kalan m\u00fcstevliler, Birinci D\u00fcnya Harbi&#8217;ni sonland\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u0130zmir&#8217;i 6 Eyl\u00fcl 1922 \u00c7ar\u015famba g\u00fcn\u00fc terk etti. 9 Eyl\u00fcl 1922 Cumartesi g\u00fcn\u00fc ordumuz \u0130zmir&#8217;e girdi.\u201d <\/em><\/p>\n<p>Bu a\u00e7\u0131klamada bence unutulan bir tarih var: 30 A\u011fustos 1922 B\u00fcy\u00fck Taarruz<strong>.<\/strong> 26 A\u011fustos 1922&#8217;de Kocatepe\u2019de \u00a0 ba\u015flayan\u00a0 taarruz\u00a0 sonucunda 9 Eyl\u00fcl 1922&#8217;de T\u00fcrk ordusu \u0130zmir\u2019e girmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Sevr Anla\u015fmas\u0131 (Le Trait\u00e9 de S\u00e8vres) T\u00fcrk Milleti&#8217;ne kurulan b\u00fcy\u00fck tuzakt\u0131r. (https:\/\/mjp.univ-perp.fr\/traites\/1920sevres.htm) Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131\u00a0 Erdo\u011fan 14 Aral\u0131k 2016 tarihinde\u00a0\u00a0 <em>&#8220;Ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bu d\u00f6nem en az \u0130stiklal harbi kadar zordur<\/em><em>. Bug\u00fcn ad\u0131 konulmam\u0131\u015f bir Sevr tehdidi ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yay\u0131z&#8221;<\/em> diyerek Sevr Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019na at\u0131fta bulunmu\u015ftur.\u00a0 \u00a0Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin 1920 y\u0131l\u0131nda imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Sevr Anla\u015fmas\u0131 T\u00fcrklere Orta Anadolu\u2019da 120 bin kilometrekarelik bir b\u00f6lgeyi b\u0131rak\u0131yordu. Sevr,\u00a0emekli B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7i\u00a0Osman Olcay\u2019a g\u00f6re 102 oturumda\u00a0haz\u0131rlanan\u00a0433 maddelik\u00a0bir idam ferman\u0131yd\u0131. (<em>Sevr Antla\u015fmas\u0131na Do\u011fru<\/em>, A\u00dcSBF Yay\u0131n\u0131, Ankara, 1981. <a href=\"http:\/\/kitaplar.ankara.edu.tr\/dosyalar\/pdf\/054.pdf\">http:\/\/kitaplar.ankara.edu.tr\/dosyalar\/pdf\/054.pdf<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>E\u011fer Lozan Anla\u015fmas\u0131 olmasayd\u0131, Sevr Anla\u015fmas\u0131 sonucunda kazananlar alacaklar\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131p gideceklerdi. Neleri al\u0131p gideceklerin listesi a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dad\u0131r. Sevr Anla\u015fmas\u0131 ile;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Teorik olarak ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z hale gelen, ancak T\u00fcrklerin vesayetinden Avrupal\u0131lar\u0131n vesayetine ge\u00e7en Arap\u00e7a konu\u015fan k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 imparatorluktan ay\u0131r\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Milletler Cemiyeti, Fransa&#8217;ya bu yeni devletleri kademeli olarak ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa g\u00f6t\u00fcrmesi i\u00e7in Suriye ve L\u00fcbnan \u00fczerinde bir yetki verir.<\/li>\n<li>B\u00fcy\u00fck Britanya, yeni Filistin, \u00dcrd\u00fcn ve Irak devletleri i\u00e7in manda al\u0131r. Arabistan fiilen ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z hale gelir.<\/li>\n<li>Anla\u015fma, \u0130talya&#8217;n\u0131n Rodos adas\u0131 da d\u00e2hil olmak \u00fczere On iki Adalar tak\u0131madalar\u0131na sahip oldu\u011funu onaylar.<\/li>\n<li>Ege Denizi&#8217;ni Karadeniz&#8217;e ba\u011flayan bo\u011fazlar\u0131n uluslar aras\u0131 bir komisyon g\u00f6zetiminde silahs\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 dayat\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Anla\u015fma, Yunanistan&#8217;a b\u00fcy\u00fck Smyrna \u015fehri de d\u00e2hil olmak \u00fczere Anadolu&#8217;nun bat\u0131 k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 verir.<\/li>\n<li>Rusya, T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin Ermeni topraklar\u0131n\u0131n yeniden grupland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir B\u00fcy\u00fck Ermenistan&#8217;\u0131n kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n<li>Anadolu&#8217;nun do\u011fu kesimlerinde \u00f6zerk bir K\u00fcrdistan kurulur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Sevr payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 haz\u0131rlayan ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Woodrow Wilson&#8217;dur. ABD Plan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kabul edilmemesine bozulmu\u015f, Lozan&#8217;\u0131 onaylamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrk d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 \u0130ngiltere Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 David Lloyd George da 29 Ekim 1919 tarihinde Avam Kamaras\u0131&#8217;nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fmada da \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir: <em>\u201cD\u00fcnyan\u0131n en zengin topraklar\u0131ndan biri olan geni\u015f bir \u00fclkeyi T\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn mahvedici n\u00fcfuzundan azat eyledik. Medeniyet y\u00fczlerce y\u0131l bu yolda ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa u\u011frad\u0131ktan sonra \u0130ngiltere bunu ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi.\u201d<\/em> (Taha Akyol, <em>Bilinmeyen Lozan<\/em>, \u0130stanbul, 2014, s. 23).<\/p>\n<p>Lloyd George\u2019un Atat\u00fcrk hakk\u0131nda <em>\u201c\u0130nsanl\u0131k tarihi birka\u00e7 y\u00fczy\u0131lda bir dahi yeti\u015ftirebiliyor. \u015eu talihsizli\u011fimize bak\u0131n\u0131z ki K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Asya\u2019da \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Hem de bize kar\u015f\u0131. Elden ne gelebilirdi<\/em>?\u201d \u00a0dedi\u011fi s\u00f6ylense de, bu konuda kan\u0131t yoktur. Lloyd George\u2019un Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 an\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 bir araya getirdi\u011fi War Memoirs of David Lloyd George adl\u0131 iki ciltlik kitapta bu y\u00f6nde bir s\u00f6z yer almamaktad\u0131r (http:\/\/www.on-island.net\/History\/LLoyd-George\/v6.pdf). SBF\u2019den arkada\u015f\u0131m Prof. Dr. \u0130lber Ortayl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Yak\u0131n Tarihin Ger\u00e7ekleri kitab\u0131nda\u00a0 (s. 106) bu s\u00f6z\u00fcn do\u011frulu\u011funun belgelenemedi\u011fi belirtilmektedir. Belgelenmese de bu ifade, bir ger\u00e7e\u011fin a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Sevr Anla\u015fmas\u0131, Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131nda \u0130tilaf Devletleri ile Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu aras\u0131nda 10 A\u011fustos 1920 tarihinde\u00a0 Paris&#8217;in bat\u0131 banliy\u00f6s\u00fc Sevr (Sevres) kasabas\u0131ndaki Seramik M\u00fczesi&#8217;nde (Mus\u00e9e National de C\u00e9ramique) imzalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu m\u00fcze, T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in Anla\u015fma\u2019n\u0131n imzaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer olmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir. Bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemi de, Ermenilerin m\u00fczenin \u00f6n\u00fcne 8 Mart 2001 tarihinde s\u00f6zde Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m An\u0131t\u0131 dikmesidir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>An\u0131t\u0131n \u00fczerinde <em>\u201c1915\u2019te J\u00f6n T\u00fcrk H\u00fck\u00fcmeti taraf\u0131ndan Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda soyk\u0131r\u0131ma u\u011frat\u0131lan 1,5 milyon Ermenin an\u0131s\u0131na\u201d <\/em>yaz\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Bu ifade Auschwitz- Birkenau toplama kamp\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde de vard\u0131r. Bir farkla: 1,5 milyon Yahudi 1,5 milyon Ermeni olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Bu, uluslararas\u0131 intihaldir.<\/p>\n<p>Mahatma Gandi\u00a0Sevr Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 adaletsizlik an\u0131t\u0131\u00a0olarak adland\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: <em>\u201cT\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye bar\u0131\u015f diye imzalat\u0131lan bu anla\u015fma uzun s\u00fcre y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte kal\u0131rsa onur k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n ve insan yap\u0131s\u0131 adaletsizli\u011fin bir an\u0131t\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Sava\u015fta talihi yaver gitmedi diye kahraman ve cesur bir \u0131rk\u0131n yok edilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir zaferi olmayacak, fakat insanl\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131 davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011fi olarak tarihe ge\u00e7ecektir.\u201d\u00a0<\/em>(Ravindra Kishore Sinha, <em>Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131, Devrimler, Mustafa Kemal ve Mahatma Gandi, <\/em>Milliyet Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 1972, s.102-181)<\/p>\n<p>Amerikal\u0131 tarih\u00e7i Paul C. Helmreich\u00a0 Sevr Anla\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in 19\u2019ncu y\u00fczy\u0131l s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecili\u011fini izleyen \u00f6nemli bir emperyalist \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00a0 demi\u015ftir: <em>\u201cHerkesin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bir \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131 vard\u0131; olmayanlar da icat ediyordu. Bir anlamda, \u00e7\u0131kar \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n da \u00f6tesine ge\u00e7ilmi\u015f, y\u0131llara yay\u0131lan uyutma anla\u015fmalar\u0131 s\u00fcreci, yerini nefret tutumuna b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Barbar bir ulus olan T\u00fcrkleri, Avrupa\u2019dan kovma f\u0131rsat\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmamal\u0131yd\u0131. Lloyd George, sezgi g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc yitirmi\u015f, T\u00fcrklerin \u0130stanbul\u2019dan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131nda diretiyordu. T\u00fcrkiye topraklar\u0131nda, neredeyse akla gelebilecek b\u00fct\u00fcn az\u0131nl\u0131klar i\u00e7in birer \u00fclke planlan\u0131yordu. B\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7ler, kamp ate\u015finin \u00e7evresinde, a\u00e7 g\u00f6zlerle f\u0131rsat kollayan kurtlar gibiydi<\/em>\u201d. (Paul C. Helmreich, <em>From Paris to Sevres: The Partition of the Ottoman Empire at the Peace Conference of 1919-1920<\/em>, Ohio State University Press, 1986. T\u00fcrk\u00e7esi <em>Sevr Entrikalar\u0131<\/em>, Sabah Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 1996, s. 22)<\/p>\n<p>\u0130tilaf Devletleri, Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131n\u0131 Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131nda i\u015fgal etmi\u015f,\u00a0 Meclis da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, Osmanl\u0131 H\u00fck\u00fcmeti her s\u00f6yleneni yerine getiren bir\u00a0 duruma\u00a0 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, toprak payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 sava\u015f devam ederken 9\u00a0 anla\u015fma,\u00a0\u00a0 bildiri ve konferans\u00a0 ile\u00a0 \u00f6nceden belirlenmi\u015fti: \u0130stanbul Mutabakat\u0131 (Mart-Nisan 1915), Londra Anla\u015fmas\u0131 (26 Nisan 1915), H\u00fcseyin-Mc Mahon Mutabakat\u0131 (Temmuz 1915-Mart 1916), Sykes-Picot Anla\u015fmas\u0131 (6-16 May\u0131s 1916), Saint-Jean de Maurienne Anla\u015fmas\u0131 (18 A\u011fustos 1917), Balfour\u00a0 Bildirisi (2 Kas\u0131m 1917), Hogarth Bildirisi (Ocak 1918), Yediler\u00a0 Bildirisi (Haziran 1917) ve San Remo Konferans\u0131 (19-26 Nisan 1920). (<em>Ana Britannica<\/em>, Cilt 27, Ana Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k, \u0130stanbul, 1994, s. 361)<\/p>\n<p>Sevr Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019nda; \u0130skenderun, Adana, Mersin ve \u00c7ukurova\u2019y\u0131 i\u00e7ine alan Frans\u0131z n\u00fcfuz b\u00f6lgesi, Sivas\u2019\u0131n Kuzeyine kadar uzan\u0131yordu (Ek Protokol). Antalya merkez olmak \u00fczere, Bursa\u2019dan Kayseri\u2019ye \u00e7ekilen, Afyonkarahisar\u2019dan ge\u00e7en hatt\u0131n G\u00fcneyinde kalan G\u00fcneybat\u0131 Anadolu ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de tart\u0131\u015fma konusu olan 12 ada \u0130talyan n\u00fcfuz b\u00f6lgesi oluyordu (Ek Protokol).<\/p>\n<p>Yunanistan; \u0130zmir\u2019le birlikte Bat\u0131 Anadolu\u2019yu, Edirne ve Gelibolu d\u00e2hil, t\u00fcm Trakya\u2019y\u0131 ve Ege adalar\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131yordu (Md. 84-87). \u0130stanbul, Marmara Denizi ve \u00c7anakkale, T\u00fcrk askerinden ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131larak \u0130tilaf Devletleri\u2019nin denetimine b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131yordu. (Jacques de Benoist &#8211; Mechin, <em>Mustafa Kema\u00a0 Bir \u0130mparatorlu\u011fun \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fc<\/em>, Bilgi Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, Ankara, 1997, s.192).<\/p>\n<p>Sevr Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 62-64\u2019nc\u00fc maddeleri K\u00fcrdistan ile ilgilidir. \u00a0K\u00fcrdistan, Lozan Anla\u015fmas\u0131 ile tarih olmu\u015ftur.\u00a0 PKK&#8217;n\u0131n Kandil&#8217;deki y\u00f6neticilerinden Murat Karay\u0131lan ge\u00e7mi\u015fte \u201c<em>K\u00fcrt ink\u00e2r\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u015fekillenen <\/em><em>Lozan Anla\u015fmas\u0131 art\u0131k ortadan kalk\u0131yor\u201d \u00a0<\/em>diyerek Lozan \u00fczerinden Sevr Antla\u015fmas\u0131na at\u0131fta bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p>Sevr Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 88-93\u2019nc\u00fc maddeleri Ermenistan ile ilgilidir. Sevr Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019nda Kars, Erzurum d\u00e2hil \u00fclkenin do\u011fusu t\u00fcm\u00fcyle Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z Ermeni Cumhuriyeti ad\u0131yla Ermenilere verilmi\u015ftir. Paris Bar\u0131\u015f Konferans\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde Ermenistan&#8217;\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 konusu ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Wilson&#8217;un hakemli\u011fine b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, Wilson da General James G. Harbord ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki bir Amerikan heyetini incelemelerde bulunmak \u00fczere 1919 sonbahar\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye g\u00f6ndermi\u015ftir. 1919 Eyl\u00fcl ve Ekim aylar\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de incelemeler yapan Harbord, vard\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 bir raporla ABD Kongresi\u2019ne sunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p>Raporda; T\u00fcrkler ile Ermenilerin bar\u0131\u015f i\u00e7inde y\u00fczy\u0131llarca yan yana ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131, tehcir s\u0131ras\u0131nda T\u00fcrklerin de Ermeniler kadar ac\u0131 \u00e7ektikleri, Ermenilerin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de hi\u00e7bir zaman \u00e7o\u011funlukta olmad\u0131klar\u0131 ve olaylara ili\u015fkin ac\u0131kl\u0131 ve korkun\u00e7 iddialar\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu tespit edilmi\u015ftir. ABD Kongresi rapor \u00fczerine 1920 Nisan ay\u0131nda Ermenistan\u2019a mandater olunmas\u0131n\u0131 reddetmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Sevr Anla\u015fmas\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin Ermenistan&#8217;\u0131 \u00f6zg\u00fcr ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir devlet olarak tan\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131 h\u00fckme ba\u011flam\u0131\u015f, s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n tespitini ise Wilson&#8217;un hakemli\u011fine b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Woodrow Wilson da 22 Kas\u0131m 1920&#8217;de Trabzon, Erzurum, Van ve Bitlis illerini Ermenistan&#8217;a vermi\u015ftir. Bat\u0131 Ermenistan Lozan Anla\u015fmas\u0131 ile tarih olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-40545\" src=\"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/RESIM2-300x222.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"222\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-40546\" src=\"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/RESIM3-200x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"300\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Ermenistan Milli Mar\u015f\u0131&#8217;nda <em>&#8221;Topraklar\u0131m\u0131z i\u015fgal alt\u0131nda, bu topraklar\u0131 azat etmek i\u00e7in \u00f6l\u00fcn, <\/em><em>\u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcn&#8217;<\/em>&#8216; yaz\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0 Karaba\u011f\u2019da katliam yapan Ermeni kuvvetlere komutanl\u0131k yapan eski Ermenistan Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Serj Sarkisyan\u2019d\u0131r. Erivan\u00b4da yap\u0131lan Geli\u015fen Ermenistan Partisi\u2019nin 4\u2019nc\u00fc Kurultay\u0131na kat\u0131lan Sarkisyan\u2019\u0131n, <em>&#8220;Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k Karaba\u011f halk\u0131n\u0131n se\u00e7imidir. Uluslar aras\u0131 hukuk dahi bu konuda farkl\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m ortaya koyamaz&#8221; <\/em>dedi\u011fini unutmayal\u0131m.<\/p>\n<p>Sevr Anla\u015fmas\u0131 Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn ifadesiyle T\u00fcrk Milleti&#8217;ne kurulan b\u00fcy\u00fck suikastt\u0131r. Lozan Anla\u015fmas\u0131 Cumhuriyetimizin 100\u2019nc\u00fc y\u0131l\u0131 olan 2023\u2019te son bulacak diyenleri\u00a0\u00a0k\u0131n\u0131yor, bu konuda yanl\u0131\u015f bilgilerle donat\u0131lan iyi niyetli baz\u0131 \u00fcniversiteli gen\u00e7leri <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=wrSEv72-XZs\">ger\u00e7ekleri g\u00f6rmeye<\/a> davet ediyorum.<\/p>\n<p>Bu gen\u00e7lerden ikisi ge\u00e7mi\u015fte Ankara\u2019daki bir vak\u0131f \u00fcniversitesindeki Avrupa Birli\u011fi dersimde Avrupa Birli\u011fi ile\u00a0\u00a0imzalanm\u0131\u015f <em>\u201cAnkara Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u201d <\/em>ve<em> \u201cKatma Protokol\u00fc\u201d<\/em>\u2019\u00a0anlat\u0131rken bana Lozan Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n gizli maddeleri oldu\u011funu,\u00a0\u00a02023 y\u0131l\u0131nda son bulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bunun do\u011fru olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sordular. Ben de 143 madde aras\u0131nda b\u00f6yle bir gizli maddenin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, anla\u015fma metninin gerek T\u00fcrk\u00e7esinde ve gerekse orijinal Frans\u0131zca metninde\u00a0\u00a0bu\u00a0\u00a0maddenin\u00a0\u00a0bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Lozan Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019na taraf \u00e7ok say\u0131da \u00fclke oldu\u011funu, onayl\u0131 birer \u00f6rne\u011finin t\u00fcm imzac\u0131 \u00fclkelere verildi\u011fini, Lozan\u2019\u0131n, bir veya birka\u00e7 \u00fclke i\u00e7in gizli maddelerinin olmas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131m.<\/p>\n<p>Sevr Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n, 1923 Lozan Anla\u015fmas\u0131 ile\u00a0\u00a0ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u00a0\u00a0s\u00f6ylememe ra\u011fmen \u00a0\u00a0bana inanmad\u0131lar. Bu iki \u00f6\u011frenciye ve t\u00fcm s\u0131n\u0131fa Paris\u2019in Sevr banliy\u00f6s\u00fcnde bulunan Seramik M\u00fczesi\u2019nde\u00a0\u00a0Anla\u015fma\u2019n\u0131n imzaland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, daha sonra bu M\u00fcze\u2019nin \u00f6n\u00fcne Ermenilerin s\u00f6zde Ermeni soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 an\u0131t\u0131 diktiklerini, b\u00f6ylece Sevr Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019ndaki b\u00fcy\u00fck Ermenistan\u2019a at\u0131fta bulunduklar\u0131n\u0131 da s\u00f6yledim. Lozan Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n orijinal\u00a0\u00a0Frans\u0131zca\u00a0\u00a0asl\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0\u00a0Paris\u2019te, Frans\u0131z D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ar\u015fivi\u2019nde muhafaza edildi\u011fini \u00a0\u00a0\u00f6zellikle belirttim. Anla\u015fma\u2019n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerinin t\u0131pk\u0131bas\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla \u0130\u015f Bankas\u0131 K\u00fclt\u00fcr Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye getirildi\u011fini de a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131m.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130ki \u00f6\u011frencime\u00a0\u00a0 do\u011fru olmayan bilgileri\u00a0\u00a0nereden \u00f6\u011frendiklerini sordum. Her iki \u00f6\u011frencim de lisedeki derslerde\u00a0\u00a0kendilerine bu \u015fekilde \u00f6\u011fretildi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131lar. Bunun \u00fczerine o d\u00f6nemde Milli E\u011fitim Bakan\u0131 olan, Anadolu \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden arkada\u015f\u0131m\u00a0 Prof. Dr. Nabi Avc\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6zel kalemine bu durumu aktararak\u00a0\u00a0Say\u0131n Bakan\u0131 bilgilendirmesini, istendi\u011finde bu \u00f6\u011frencilerin isimlerini verebilece\u011fimi,\u00a0\u00a0bu yanl\u0131\u015f ve kas\u0131tl\u0131 bilgileri veren \u00f6\u011fretmenler hakk\u0131nda soru\u015fturma a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini bildirdim. Bilgi sahibi olmadan fikir sahibi olmamalar\u0131n\u0131, \u00a0\u00a0Taha Akyol\u2019un\u00a0\u00a0<em>\u201cBilinmeyen Lozan\u201d<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0kitab\u0131n\u0131 okumalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nerdim.\u00a0 Akyol\u2019un\u00a0\u00a0ilk Meclis, \u0130ngiltere Avam Kamaras\u0131 ve\u00a0\u00a0Lozan Konferans\u0131 tutanaklar\u0131na dayand\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0\u00a0kitab\u0131nda\u00a0\u00a0t\u00fcm ger\u00e7ekler a\u00e7\u0131klanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Lozan\u2019da b\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrk zaferi d\u00fc\u015fmana onaylat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f,\u00a0\u00a0eksikler olsa da yap\u0131labilecek olan\u0131n azamisi\u00a0o g\u00fcnk\u00fc \u015fartlarda\u00a0yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f,\u00a0\u00a0Osmanl\u0131 b\u00fct\u00e7esinin \u00fc\u00e7te ikisini al\u0131p g\u00f6t\u00fcren D\u00fcyun-u Umumiye ve kapit\u00fclasyonlar\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131larak ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti kurulmu\u015ftur. 23 Temmuz 1923 g\u00fcnl\u00fc Tevhid-i Efk\u00e2r gazetesinde\u00a0\u00a0Ebuzziya Zade Velid, imparatorluk topraklar\u0131n\u0131n kayb\u0131ndan \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc belirtmi\u015ftir; ama\u00a0\u00a0Lozan Anla\u015fmas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda da \u015fu do\u011fru\u00a0\u00a0tespiti yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: <em>\u201cDelegelerimiz siyasi ve iktisadi istiklalimiz a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan mevcudiyetimizi ve milli inki\u015faf\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flayacak b\u00fct\u00fcn esaslar\u0131 kurtarmaya muvaffak oldular.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Lozan\u2019da kapit\u00fclasyonlar\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, Osmanl\u0131 bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n makul \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00f6denerek tasfiye edilmesi, Duyun-u Umumiye \u0130daresine son verilmesinin karara ba\u011flanmas\u0131, Musul petrollerinden pay al\u0131nmas\u0131,\u00a0\u00a0ekonomik kalk\u0131nma i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir z\u0131rh olan g\u00fcmr\u00fcklere gecikmeli de olsa egemen olunmas\u0131, kabotaj hakk\u0131n\u0131n elde edilmesi \u00f6nemli kazan\u0131mlard\u0131r. Lozan Anla\u015fmas\u0131 ve ona ekli Ticaret S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ile be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k bir gecikme ile T\u00fcrkiye g\u00fcmr\u00fcklerine h\u00e2kim olabilmi\u015ftir.\u00a0B\u00f6ylece\u00a0\u00a0Osmanl\u0131\u2019dan farkl\u0131 olarak\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0yeni gen\u00e7 Cumhuriyet sanayile\u015fmi\u015f Bat\u0131l\u0131 \u00fclkelerinin a\u00e7\u0131k pazar\u0131 olmaktan kurtar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bu konuda Erhan Bener\u2019in\u00a0\u00a0<em>\u201cB\u00fcrokratlar<\/em>\u201d\u00a0(Remzi Kitapevi, 2002) kitab\u0131n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc cildindeki\u00a0\u00a0tespitler \u00f6nemlidir. \u00a0O y\u0131llarda Daimi Temsilci (B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7i)\u00a0\u00a0olan\u00a0\u00a0Cahit Kayra,\u00a0<em>\u201cOECD T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye Yard\u0131m Konsorsiyomu\u201d<\/em>nun T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye yap\u0131lacak yard\u0131m i\u00e7in ileri s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u015fartlar\u0131, Osmanl\u0131 devletine kabul ettirilen Duyun-u Umumiye \u015fartlar\u0131na benzetir: <em>\u201cBizim okullarda Sevr Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 sadece imparatorlu\u011fun co\u011frafya bak\u0131m\u0131ndan par\u00e7alanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan bir anla\u015fma diye okuturlar. Oysa i\u00e7indeki ekonomik, mali h\u00fck\u00fcmler bu par\u00e7alanmadan \u00e7ok daha \u00f6nemlidir.\u00a0Daha sonra, Lozan Anla\u015fmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda, toprak par\u00e7alanmas\u0131na \u00f6nem vermeyen s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci devletler, Sevr\u2019in ekonomik ve mali h\u00fck\u00fcmlerini uygulamakta \u00e7ok direnmi\u015flerdi. Bana kalsa, okullar\u0131m\u0131zda, Lozan\u2019dan \u00e7ok, Sevr Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 okutmak gerekir. O zaman gen\u00e7lerimiz bug\u00fcn\u00fc daha iyi anlayabilirler.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-40549\" src=\"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/RESIM6.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"274\" height=\"186\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Kayra\u2019n\u0131n tespitleri do\u011frudur. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Paris\u2019te g\u00f6rev yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m 1985-1990 d\u00f6neminde<em>\u00a0\u201cOECD T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye Yard\u0131m Konsorsiyumu\u201d<\/em> toplant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 Devlet Planlama Te\u015fkilat\u0131 ad\u0131na\u00a0Planlama M\u00fc\u015faviri<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>olarak izliyordum. O d\u00f6nemdeki geli\u015fmeler Cahit Kayra\u2019n\u0131n yorumuyla\u00a0\u00a0\u201cSevr Dosyas\u0131\u201d\u00a0ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla Boyut Yay\u0131nlar\u0131n taraf\u0131ndan\u00a0\u00a0bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Lozan\u2019a dil uzatanlar bu kitab\u0131 mutlaka okumal\u0131d\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Lozan\u2019daki ekonomik kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131\u00a0<em>\u201cT\u00fcrkiye Ekonomisi<\/em>\u201d\u00a0kitab\u0131mda da (Beta, \u0130stanbul) \u00a0ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131m.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Lozan\u2019daki ekonomik kazan\u0131mlar\u0131\u00a0\u00a0yerine getiremeyece\u011fi zannedilmi\u015ftir.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a024 Temmuz 1973\u00a0tarihinde\u00a0\u00a0\u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc\u2019ye soru y\u00f6nelten Nazmi Kal\u2019a \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn verdi\u011fi cevap \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir:\u00a0\u00a0<em>\u201cBiz Lozan\u2019da \u00f6yle taahh\u00fctler alt\u0131na girdik ki, \u0130tilaf devletleri bizim bu taahh\u00fctleri yerine getiremeyece\u011fimizi zannettiler. Anla\u015fmaya g\u00f6re bizim bunlar\u0131 10 sene i\u00e7inde yerine getirmemiz gerekiyordu. Ama biz 5 sene i\u00e7inde yerine getirdik.\u201d\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-40550\" src=\"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/RESIM7-300x166.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"367\" height=\"203\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Lozan\u2019daki en b\u00fcy\u00fck ekonomik ba\u015far\u0131\u00a0\u00a0kapit\u00fclasyonlar\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Taha Akyol\u2019un 26 Temmuz 2017 tarihinde yay\u0131nlanan\u00a0<strong><em>\u201c<\/em><\/strong><em>Lozan Z\u0131rvalar\u0131<\/em>\u201d\u00a0\u00a0ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131nda yer alan\u00a0\u00a0karikat\u00fcr,\u00a0\u00a0Lozan \u00f6ncesinin ekonomik durumunu anlatmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir.\u00a0\u00a022 Temmuz 1909\u00a0tarihinde Cumhuriyet\u2019in ilan\u0131ndan 14 y\u0131l \u00f6nce Kalem dergisinde yay\u0131nlanan karikat\u00fcrde\u00a0Osmanl\u0131\u00a0\u00a0askeri elinde silah ine\u011fin bek\u00e7ili\u011fini yap\u0131yor, yabanc\u0131lar gelip kovalarla s\u00fct sa\u011farak g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n<p>Lozan\u2019da elde edilenleri k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmseyenlere bir hat\u0131rlatmada bulunmak\u00a0isterim.\u00a0\u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc\u00a0\u00a0Lozan\u2019da m\u00fcttefiklerin kendisinden \u00e7ok daha ya\u015fl\u0131 ve tecr\u00fcbeli diplomatlar\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0\u00a0kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda hen\u00fcz 38 ya\u015f\u0131nda idi ve de\u00a0bir asker olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen ekonomik bask\u0131lara boyun e\u011fmemi\u015fti. Kendi ifadesiyle Lozan\u2019da en \u00f6nemli bask\u0131, mali ve ekonomik\u00a0\u00a0y\u00f6nde olmu\u015ftur<strong>.<\/strong>\u00a0 \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn mali konulardaki hassasiyetini yans\u0131tan olaylar\u0131\u00a0\u00a0bilmek gerekir:<\/p>\n<p><em>&#8221; Mali ihtiya\u00e7lar esnas\u0131nda, ben bir defa, 5 milyon lira kadar bir kredi a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir banka ile m\u00fczakereye girilmesini arzu etmi\u015ftim. Bana gelen cevapta, sene i\u00e7inde devam edecek 5 milyon liral\u0131k bir kredi de bir istikraz demektir, istikraz muamelesini tamamlayarak konu\u015fma a\u00e7abiliriz, deniliyordu. Anlad\u0131m ki, eski fikirler oldu\u011fu gibi duruyor. En ufaktan, ihtiya\u00e7 halinde bunald\u0131k kanaati has\u0131l olmu\u015ftur. Bunlar\u0131 silmek laz\u0131md\u0131r. Derhal cevap verdim: \u0130htiyac\u0131m\u0131z yoktur, meselemiz de yoktur. Kestim, att\u0131m. Bu \u015fekil muamele, \u00f6yle bir memlekete yap\u0131l\u0131yor ki, bu memleket iki as\u0131rdan beri mali istikrars\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 i\u00e7eride idaresini d\u00fczeltememi\u015f, hi\u00e7bir kalk\u0131nma yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 kendi kudreti ile yapamam\u0131\u015f, bunu daima yabanc\u0131 devletlerin istikrazlar\u0131ndan beklemeye al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve nihayet istikrazlarla g\u00fcnl\u00fck idarenin ve ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kapat\u0131rken , bunu b\u00fcy\u00fck faizle, \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ihra\u00e7 fiyat\u0131 ile yaparken, ayn\u0131 zamanda birtak\u0131m imtiyazlar vermeye de al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6yle bir idareyi anane olarak takip ederek gelmi\u015f bir memleketi her zaman amana getirmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu kanaatindeydiler. Bunu bana muahede esnas\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131ktan s\u00f6ylemi\u015flerdi. Bu dikkatle, memleketin ihtiya\u00e7 zamanlar\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck buhran devirleri atlat\u0131labilmi\u015f, Lozan Muahedesi h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin temellerine toz kondurulmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r&#8230; Kabotaj hakk\u0131, yani kendi karasular\u0131 i\u00e7inde kendi sanca\u011f\u0131 ile nakliyesinin idare edilmesi hakk\u0131, iki sene sonra kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere bir kayda ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Lord Curzon ile bir gece toplant\u0131s\u0131nda bulundum. Beraberdik. \u0130kimiz vard\u0131k, bir de Amerika Murahhas\u0131 Mr. Chaild vard\u0131. Lord Curzon bana dedi ki &#8216;Konferanstan bir neticeye varaca\u011f\u0131z. Ama memnun ayr\u0131lmayaca\u011f\u0131z. Hi\u00e7bir i\u015fte bizi memnun etmiyorsunuz. Hi\u00e7bir dedi\u011fimizi makul oldu\u011funa, hakl\u0131 oldu\u011funa bakmaks\u0131z\u0131n kabul etmiyorsunuz. Hepsini reddediyorsunuz. En nihayet \u015fu kanaate vard\u0131k ki, ne reddederseniz hepsini cebimize at\u0131yoruz. Memleketiniz harapt\u0131r. \u0130mar etmeyecek misiniz? Bunun i\u00e7in paraya ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z olacakt\u0131r. Paray\u0131 nereden bulacaks\u0131n\u0131z? Para bug\u00fcn d\u00fcnyada bir bende var, bir de yan\u0131mdakinde. Unutmay\u0131n ne reddederseniz hepsi cebimdedir. Nereden para bulacaks\u0131n\u0131z, Frans\u0131zlardan m\u0131? &#8221;Ben, evet dedim. Curzon s\u00f6zlerine devam etti: &#8216;Para kimsede yok. Ancak biz verebiliriz. Memnun olmazsak kimden alacaks\u0131n\u0131z? Harap bir memleketi nas\u0131l kurtaracaks\u0131n\u0131z? \u0130htiya\u00e7 sebebiyle yar\u0131n para istemek i\u00e7in kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za gelip diz \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz zaman, bug\u00fcn reddettiklerinizi cebimizden birer birer \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131p size g\u00f6sterece\u011fiz. &#8216;Lord Curzon&#8217;un s\u00f6zleri bitti\u011fi zaman kendisine dedim ki, \u015fimdi meseleleri halledelim, para istemek i\u00e7in gelirsem o zaman g\u00f6sterirsiniz. Lord Curzon&#8217;un bu s\u00f6zleri kula\u011f\u0131mda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn ge\u00e7ti\u011fi her yerde hat\u0131rlam\u0131\u015f\u0131md\u0131r. Lozan Konferans\u0131 olal\u0131 45 sene ge\u00e7ti. Bu s\u00f6zleri hi\u00e7bir zaman unutmad\u0131m. Bu 45 sene i\u00e7inde para almak i\u00e7in m\u00fcracaat etti\u011fimiz her yerde bu ihtimalleri g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmd\u00fcr. Hakikat \u015fudur ki, \u0130kinci Cihan Harbi kap\u0131 \u00f6n\u00fcnde g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcnceye kadar mali bak\u0131mdan bize kolayl\u0131k g\u00f6sterilmemi\u015ftir. Ve T\u00fcrkiye kendisini kendi al\u0131n teri ile tamir ederek \u0130kinci Cihan Harbini idrak etmi\u015ftir.&#8221;\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Lozan Anla\u015fmas\u0131 konusunda son s\u00f6z\u00fc\u00a0 Atat\u00fcrk\u00a0\u00a0s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir:\u00a0<em>\u201cSayg\u0131de\u011fer Efendiler, Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n i\u00e7ine ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 esaslar\u0131, di\u011fer\u00a0\u00a0bar\u0131\u015f teklifleriyle\u00a0\u00a0daha \u00e7ok kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmaya gerek olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kan\u0131s\u0131nday\u0131m. Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f Anla\u015fmas\u0131, T\u00fcrk Ulus\u2019una y\u00fczy\u0131llardan beri haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f\u00a0\u00a0ve Sevr Anla\u015fmas\u0131 ile\u00a0\u00a0tamamland\u0131\u011f\u0131 san\u0131lm\u0131\u015f\u00a0\u00a0b\u00fcy\u00fck bir suikast\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 anlatan bir belgedir.\u00a0\u00a0Osmanl\u0131 tarihinde benzeri bulunmayan bir siyasal utku eseridir\u201d<\/em>\u00a0(1927, S\u00f6ylev, II, s. 76, 24 Temmuz 1933, Hakimiyet-i Milliye Gazetesi Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirmeyi ise \u0130ngiliz Sir Andrew Ryan\u00a0\u00a0yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r::\u00a0<em>\u201cLozan\u2019da onursuz bir bar\u0131\u015f imzalad\u0131k. Lozan, Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u00a0\u00a0\u015fimdiye\u00a0\u00a0kadar imzalam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu anla\u015fmalar\u0131n en u\u011fursuzu, en mutsuzu, en k\u00f6t\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Bilinmelidir ki Lozan&#8217;\u0131 be\u011fenmeyenler Sevr&#8217;e zemin haz\u0131rlarlar. Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ve d\u00fcnya \u00fczerinde sayg\u0131n bir \u00fclke olarak yer almam\u0131z\u0131n tapusu olan Lozan Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n hangi \u015fartlarda imzaland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bug\u00fcne yans\u0131malar\u0131n\u0131 iyi bilmemiz gerekir. Lozan Anla\u015fmas\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin tapu senedidir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bilinmelidir ki Lozan&#8217;\u0131 be\u011fenmeyenler Sevr&#8217;e zemin haz\u0131rlarlar. Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ve d\u00fcnya \u00fczerinde sayg\u0131n bir \u00fclke olarak yer almam\u0131z\u0131n tapusu olan Lozan Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n hangi \u015fartlarda imzaland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bug\u00fcne yans\u0131malar\u0131n\u0131 iyi bilmemiz gerekir. Lozan Anla\u015fmas\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin tapu senedidir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":16049,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_ef_editorial_meta_date_first-draft-date":"","_ef_editorial_meta_paragraph_assignment":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[66],"tags":[2424,417,2425,2423,158],"coauthors":[6],"class_list":["post-16048","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-siyaset-tarih","tag-ismail-kahraman","tag-lozan","tag-meclis-baskani","tag-sevr","tag-tbmm"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16048","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16048"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16048\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16050,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16048\/revisions\/16050"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16049"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16048"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16048"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16048"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=16048"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}