{"id":16361,"date":"2022-10-28T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-10-28T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/?p=16361&preview=true&preview_id=16361"},"modified":"2022-10-28T23:07:33","modified_gmt":"2022-10-28T20:07:33","slug":"internet-ozgurlugunde-sinifta-kaldik","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/internet-ozgurlugunde-sinifta-kaldik\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130nternet \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde s\u0131n\u0131fta kald\u0131k"},"content":{"rendered":"

ABD merkezli Freedom House\u2019un her y\u0131l yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cFreedom on the Net<\/a>\u201d<\/strong><\/em> (\u0130nternette \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck) Raporu’na g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye 72 \u00fclke aras\u0131nda internet \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015fti\u011fi 28 \u00fclke aras\u0131nda \u00a0yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sans\u00fcr Yasas\u0131\u2019<\/strong>na da yer verilen raporda, yasan\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmetin sosyal medyada kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc art\u0131raca\u011f\u0131na ve se\u00e7im \u00f6ncesi muhalefeti bast\u0131raca\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekilmi\u015ftir<\/strong>. Bu kapsamda CHP, \u00a0Sans\u00fcr Yasas\u0131 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan, \u201cHalk\u0131 yan\u0131lt\u0131c\u0131 bilgiyi alenen yayma\u201d<\/em> su\u00e7unu i\u015fleyenlere hapis cezas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6ren \u00a0Yasa\u2019n\u0131n 29\u2019ncu maddesinin y\u00fcr\u00fctmesinin durdurulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in AYM\u2019ye ba\u015fvurmu\u015ftur. CHP Grup Ba\u015fkanvekili Engin Altay<\/strong> ba\u015fvuru dilek\u00e7esinin tesliminin ard\u0131ndan \u015fu a\u00e7\u0131klamay\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<\/p>\n

“Bu bir Stalin yasas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu yasa muhalefeti, medyay\u0131, bas\u0131n\u0131, sosyal medyay\u0131 susturmakt\u0131r. Kendi yalanlar\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ek gibi sunmak, ger\u00e7ekleri yalan diye nitelemek yasas\u0131d\u0131r ve kabul\u00fc m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme’nin karar\u0131 var. 153’e ve karar\u0131n ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131. 29. madde ile ilgili ba\u015fvuruyu bekletmeksizin y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn durmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan bir an \u00f6nce ele al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcce mahkemeden talep ediyorum. Bu kanun, T\u00fcrkiye’de demokrasiyi tahrip etmekle kalmaz, T\u00fcrkiye’yi d\u00fcnya milletler ailesi i\u00e7inde demokrasi liginden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmez, kategori d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tutar.”<\/em><\/p>\n

Freedom House’un ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131, \u00a0teknolojik proje, \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r a\u00e7an ara\u015ft\u0131rma, ger\u00e7eklere dayal\u0131 savunuculuk ve yerinde kapasite geli\u015ftirmeden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n ay\u0131rt edici \u00f6zelli\u011fi, y\u0131ll\u0131k \u0130nternette \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck raporu olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Rapor, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn \u00fclke baz\u0131nda\u00a0 de\u011ferlendirmesini ve \u00a0k\u00fcresel bak\u0131\u015f\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 \u00fclke raporlar\u0131n\u0131 da i\u00e7ermektedir.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Rapora g\u00f6re en \u00a0fazla \u00a0not indirimleri Rusya, Myanmar, Sudan<\/strong> ve Libya<\/strong>‘da kaydedilmi\u015ftir. Rus ordusunun yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131\u00a0 Ukrayna’y\u0131 i\u015fgal etmesinin ard\u0131ndan Kremlin, i\u00e7 muhalefeti bast\u0131rmak i\u00e7in \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131\u00a0 yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f ve \u00fclkenin kalan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z medya kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n kapat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 veya s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilmesini h\u0131zland\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 53 \u00fclkede, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar kendilerini \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i olarak ifade ettikleri i\u00e7in yasal \u00a0sorunlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015flar, bu \u00a0durum a\u011f\u0131r hapis cezalar\u0131na yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00c7in, son sekiz y\u0131l boyunca internet \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en k\u00f6t\u00fc \u00fclkesi olup, sans\u00fcr, 2022 Pekin Olimpiyatlar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda yo\u011funla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 26 \u00fclkede internet \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde iyile\u015ftirmeler olmu\u015ftur. Genel k\u00fcresel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fe ra\u011fmen bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkede sivil toplum kurulu\u015flar\u0131 yasalar\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmek, medya direncini geli\u015ftirmek ve teknoloji \u015firketleri aras\u0131nda hesap verebilirli\u011fi sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in i\u015fbirli\u011fine dayal\u0131 \u00e7aba harcam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Artan say\u0131da kullan\u0131c\u0131, sadece h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerinin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini\u00a0 yans\u0131tan \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i alana eri\u015febilmektedir. \u00a0Freedom on the Net kapsam\u0131ndaki 70 \u00fclkenin 47’sindeki yetkililer, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bulunan bilgi kaynaklar\u0131na eri\u015fimini s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong> K\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131n\u00a0 tamam\u0131, \u201cs\u0131n\u0131rlar g\u00f6zetmeksizin herhangi bir medya arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla bilgi ve fikirleri arama, alma ve iletme\u201d <\/em>hakk\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyen \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Evrensel Beyannamesi<\/strong>‘nin a\u00e7\u0131k ihlallerini olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7o\u011fu durumda otoriter liderler, vatanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n medya \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne sahip \u00fclkelerdeki bilgi kaynaklar\u0131na ula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyerek \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i muhalefeti kontrol alt\u0131na almaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

2022 y\u0131l\u0131na ili\u015fkin \u00a0verilerin payla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201c\u0130nternette \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck 2022: \u0130nternetin Otoriter Revizyonu ile M\u00fccadele\u201d<\/em> ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 raporda\u00a0Freedom House<\/strong>, 70 \u00fclkeyi de\u011ferlendirmi\u015ftir.\u00a0 \u0130nternetin 17 \u00fclkede “\u00f6zg\u00fcr<\/em><\/strong>“,<\/em> 32 \u00fclkede “k\u0131smen \u00f6zg\u00fcr<\/em><\/strong>” ve 21 \u00fclkede “\u00f6zg\u00fcr olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/em><\/strong>” \u00a0a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye,\u00a0 \u201cinternetin \u00f6zg\u00fcr olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fclkeler\u201d<\/em> listesinde 62\u2019nci s\u0131rada, 100 puan \u00fczerinden 34 puandan 32 puana inerek k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015fen \u00fclkeler aras\u0131ndad\u0131r<\/strong>. \u00a0Rapor\u2019da; “yan\u0131lt\u0131c\u0131 bilgiyi”<\/em> savc\u0131lar ve hakimlerin takdirine b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve hapis cezas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne dikkat \u00e7ekilmi\u015f, son d\u00fczenlemenin h\u00fck\u00fcmetin sosyal medyada kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc artt\u0131raca\u011f\u0131 ve se\u00e7im \u00f6ncesi muhalefetin sesini k\u0131saca\u011f\u0131na yer verilmi\u015ftir. Rapor\u2019un T\u00fcrkiye \u00a0b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde \u00a0internet \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn azalmaya devam etti\u011fine dikkat \u00e7ekilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u201c2020 Sosyal Medya Yasas\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ve ele\u015ftirel medya kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n web sitelerinden i\u00e7erik kald\u0131rmaya zorlamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131ld\u0131. Binlerce \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i kullan\u0131c\u0131, sosyal medya faaliyetleri \u00a0sebebiyle \u00a0su\u00e7lamalarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131. \u00a0Otosans\u00fcr, h\u00fck\u00fcmet yanl\u0131s\u0131 kurulu\u015flar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011falmas\u0131 ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z medya sitelerinin engellenmesi, \u00a0\u00fclkede daha az \u00e7e\u015fitli bir \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i alan yaratt\u0131. \u00a0H\u00fck\u00fcmet yanl\u0131s\u0131 trol a\u011flar\u0131, aktivistlere kar\u015f\u0131 karalama kampanyalar\u0131 d\u00fczenledi ve \u00f6nde gelen gazeteciler \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i haberleri \u00a0sebebiyle \u00a0fiziksel \u015fiddetle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

AKP\u2019nin 2002 y\u0131l\u0131nda iktidara geldikten sonra ilk y\u0131llarda \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7\u00fc reformlar getirdi\u011fi, daha sonra sosyal ve siyasi haklar\u0131 daraltt\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekilmi\u015ftir: \u00a0\u201cAKP, \u00a02016\u2019daki darbe giri\u015fiminden \u00a0sonra muhalifler \u00fczerinde geni\u015f bir bask\u0131 uygulad\u0131. 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00a0kabul edilen anayasa de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri g\u00fcc\u00fc cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n elinde toplad\u0131. Erdo\u011fan b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7 kullanmaya devam ederken 2019 belediye se\u00e7imlerindeki muhalefet zaferlerinin ve Covid-19 \u00a0salg\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n ekonomi \u00fczerindeki etkisi, h\u00fck\u00fcmete muhalefeti bast\u0131rmak ve kamusal s\u00f6ylemi s\u0131n\u0131rlamak i\u00e7in yeni imkanlar sa\u011flad\u0131. Dezenformasyon tasar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n kabul edilmesi, iktidar ittifak\u0131na Haziran 2023 cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve parlamento se\u00e7imleri \u00f6ncesinde muhalefet partilerini ve ele\u015ftirel medya haberlerini susturma imkan\u0131 yaratt\u0131. Raporun kapsad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde\u00a0 potansiyel muhalefet adaylar\u0131n\u0131n Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Erdo\u011fan\u2019dan daha y\u00fcksek oy ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 tespit edildi.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Freedom House \u00c7in i\u00e7in, \u201cD\u00fcnyan\u0131n en bask\u0131c\u0131 \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i ortam\u0131<\/em>\u201d tespitini yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7in\u2019i Myanmar ve \u0130ran izlemi\u015ftir. \u0130zlanda \u00a0bu y\u0131lda \u00a0en iyi performans\u0131 sergileyerek “en \u00f6zg\u00fcr \u00fclke”<\/em><\/strong> stat\u00fcs\u00fcnde yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130zlanda\u2019n\u0131n alt\u0131nda ise \u00a0Estonya ve Kosta Rika bulunmaktad\u0131r. 26 \u00fclkede internet \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde iyile\u015ftirmeleri \u00a0olurken, 28 \u00fclkede de k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015fme ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir.\u00a0 K\u00fcresel internet \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde son 12 y\u0131ld\u0131r d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f, \u00a0en b\u00fcy\u00fck d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fler \u00a0Rusya, Myanmar, Sudan <\/strong>ve Libya<\/strong>‘da \u00a0ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. 53 \u00fclkede internet kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 \u00a0sorunlarla \u00a0kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Rekor say\u0131da \u00fclke \u015fiddet i\u00e7ermeyen siyasi, sosyal veya din\u00ee i\u00e7erikli web siteleri engellenmi\u015f, ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve bilgiye eri\u015fim k\u0131s\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. H\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin \u00e7o\u011fu, \u00fclke d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki \u00a0yay\u0131nlar\u0131 hedef alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sosyal medya platformlar\u0131na ve kullan\u0131c\u0131 verilerine y\u00f6nelik d\u00fczenlemeler serbest bilginin ak\u0131\u015f\u0131na tehdit olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

2022 y\u0131l\u0131na ili\u015fkin \u00a0verilerin payla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201c\u0130nternette \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck 2022: \u0130nternetin Otoriter Revizyonu ile M\u00fccadele\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 raporda\u00a0Freedom House, 70 \u00fclkeyi de\u011ferlendirmi\u015ftir.\u00a0 \u0130nternetin 17 \u00fclkede “\u00f6zg\u00fcr”, 32 \u00fclkede “k\u0131smen \u00f6zg\u00fcr” ve 21 \u00fclkede “\u00f6zg\u00fcr olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131” a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":16363,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[2484,1432,1904,1903,2068,2483],"yoast_head":"\n\u0130nternet \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde s\u0131n\u0131fta kald\u0131k - M\u0130SAK- Mill\u00ee Strateji Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurulu<\/title>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/internet-ozgurlugunde-sinifta-kaldik\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0130nternet \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde s\u0131n\u0131fta kald\u0131k - 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