K\u00fcreselle\u015fme s\u00fcreci, zengin \u00fclkelerde biriken sermayelerin kazanc\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak ve \u00e7ok uluslu \u015firketlerin markalar\u0131n\u0131 daha ucuza \u00fcretmek maksad\u0131yla yeni ekonomik alanlar yaratma projesidir.<\/p>\n
Bat\u0131l\u0131 zengin \u00fclkeler, varl\u0131kl\u0131 bir s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n kazanm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu b\u00fcy\u00fck paralar ve geli\u015ftirdikleri sigorta sistemlerinin b\u00fcy\u00fck fonlar\u0131 sayesinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sermaye birikimi sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00c7o\u011fu M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olan petrol ihra\u00e7 eden \u00fclkeler, ihra\u00e7 ettikleri petrolden kazand\u0131klar\u0131 \u2018petro dolarlar\u0131 ve eurolar\u0131\u2019, kendi \u00fclkelerine getirmek yerine, ABD ve AB bankac\u0131l\u0131k ve finans sekt\u00f6rlerine yat\u0131rd\u0131lar. Ayr\u0131ca, azgeli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerdeki otoriter ve bask\u0131c\u0131 y\u00f6neticilerin, yolsuzluk ekonomileri kapsam\u0131nda ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lan paralar, b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyada \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck mebla\u011flara ula\u015fan kara ve kirli paralar, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde k\u00fcreselle\u015fme merkezi durumunda olan \u00fclke ekonomilerine akt\u0131. Bat\u0131 ekonomisinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sermaye bollu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. ABD ve AB\u2019de, bankac\u0131l\u0131k ve finans sekt\u00f6rlerindeki ciddi yasal d\u00fczenlemeler nedeniyle kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve kara paralar\u0131n aklanmas\u0131 olduk\u00e7a zor ve riskli i\u015flerdi. Bu y\u00fczden, d\u00fcnya ekonomisinin kara paralar\u0131, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00c7in ve benzeri otoriter y\u00f6netimlerin oldu\u011fu \u00fclke ekonomilerinde yat\u0131r\u0131ma d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n
\u00c7okuluslu \u015firketler, \u00fcretim maliyetlerinde \u00fccretin pay\u0131n\u0131n fazla oldu\u011fu \u00fcr\u00fcnlere ili\u015fkin temel i\u015fletmecilik i\u015flevlerini, fason \u00fcretim tarz\u0131nda belirli bir end\u00fcstriyel alt yap\u0131s\u0131 bulunan \u00fclkelerdeki ta\u015feron firmalara yapt\u0131rmaktad\u0131rlar (\u0130rmi\u015f, Emsen; 2018,271).<\/p>\n
Azgeli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkeler, \u00e7okuluslu \u015firketlerce belirlenen \u00fcretim standartlar\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck k\u00e2r marjlar\u0131yla onlar\u0131n \u00fcnl\u00fc markalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcretmek \u00fczere birbirleriyle k\u0131ran k\u0131rana rekabet etmektedirler. Bu \u00fclkelerin y\u00f6netici ve yanda\u015f i\u015f \u00e7evreleri, s\u0131rf kendi iktidarlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrme ve kolay para kazanma tutkusuyla emek\u00e7ilerini, hammaddelerini, enerjilerini ve do\u011falar\u0131n\u0131 k\u00fcresel s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn emrine sunmu\u015f olmaktad\u0131rlar. <\/strong><\/p>\n K\u00fcresel kapitalizmin bir \u015febeke organizasyon t\u00fcr\u00fc olarak fason \u00fcretimin laboratuvar\u0131 ve adeta pilot \u00fclkesi \u00c7in olmu\u015ftur (\u0130rmi\u015f, Emsen; 2018,286). AB, 2000 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren ABD\u2019yi geride b\u0131rakarak, birle\u015fik bir ekonomik sistem yaratmak yoluyla d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck ekonomik alan\u0131 h\u00e2line geldi. Bir\u00e7ok Avrupa firmas\u0131n\u0131n, \u00c7in\u2019in \u00e7ok ucuz emek g\u00fcc\u00fc y\u00fcz\u00fcnden, kendi markalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00c7in\u2019deki fabrikalarda \u00fcrettikleri bilinmektedir (\u00d6ks\u00fcz, Ercilasun; 2022;38 -42). K\u00fcresel g\u00fc\u00e7 merkezleri, fason \u00fcretim s\u00fcreciyle ba\u015fka \u00fclkelerin insanlar\u0131n\u0131 ve do\u011falar\u0131n\u0131, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde onlar\u0131n y\u00f6neticilerinin ikna edilmesiyle a\u011f\u0131r bir s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc a\u011f\u0131 olu\u015fturmu\u015flard\u0131r. S\u00f6z gelimi, bir \u2018barbie\u2019 bebe\u011fi, ABD ma\u011fazalar\u0131nda 10 dolara sat\u0131l\u0131yor.\u00a0 Bu fiyat\u0131n, 8 dolarl\u0131k k\u0131sm\u0131, markan\u0131n k\u00e2r\u0131, ta\u015f\u0131ma, pazarlama, toptanc\u0131lar, perakendeciler olarak ABD ekonomisinde kal\u0131yor. Kalan 2 dolarl\u0131k k\u0131sm\u0131, Tayvan, Japonya, Suudi Arabistan\u2019dan al\u0131nan ham maddeler ile \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fcretilmesinde, elektrik, i\u015f\u00e7ilik ve di\u011fer i\u015fletmecilik giderlerinin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak Hong- Kong\u2019lu y\u00f6neticilere ve \u00c7in\u2019deki fabrikaya harcan\u0131yor (Becker, 2007, 150). K\u00fcresel \u015firketlere ait marka \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin esas kazanc\u0131, marka sahibi olup ayn\u0131 zamanda l\u00fcks ma\u011fazalarda perakendecilik yapan geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclke \u015firketlerinin elinde kal\u0131yor. As\u0131l katma de\u011ferler, marka sahibi \u00fclkelere gidiyor. K\u00fcresel g\u00fc\u00e7ler, \u2018\u00c7in Modeli\u2019 sayesinde \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccret, enerji ve ham madde gibi i\u015flerin a\u011f\u0131r k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 az geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerin s\u0131rt\u0131na y\u00fckl\u00fcyorlar.<\/p>\n Cumhuriyet ile ba\u015flay\u0131p 1970\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n sonuna kadar geli\u015fme g\u00f6steren toplumsal kalk\u0131nma modeli, 12 Eyl\u00fcl 1980 darbesiyle sonland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrk toplumsal kalk\u0131nma modeli, \u00fclkenin ekonomik kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131, \u00f6zel ve kamu i\u015fletmecili\u011fi imk\u00e2nlar\u0131yla harmanlayarak \u00f6ncelikle T\u00fcrk Milletine refah sa\u011flamak \u00fczere yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Kalk\u0131nma, k\u00f6yden ve tar\u0131m kentlerinden ba\u015flayarak b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fclkeye ve toplumsal katmanlara yay\u0131lacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n 12 Eyl\u00fcl Darbesinin ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2018yeni-s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilik\u2019 ekonomi modeliyle askeri ve siyasi h\u00fck\u00fcmetler taraf\u0131ndan, T\u00fcrk ekonomisi \u00e7ok uluslu \u015firketlerin markalar\u0131n\u0131n yerli fason \u00fcreticili\u011fine soyunduruldu. Ekonomideki bu eksen de\u011fi\u015ftirme politikas\u0131na da, \u201cd\u0131\u015fa a\u00e7\u0131lma\u201d politikalar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc alt\u0131nda s\u00fcsl\u00fc adlar verildi. \u0130zlenen neo-liberal ekonomi politikalar sayesinde, kolay gelire al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f t\u00fcredi bir i\u015f \u00e7evresi y\u00fcz\u00fcnden geni\u015f bir kitle yoksulla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n Tar\u0131msal \u00fcretim g\u00fcc\u00fc, \u00e7ok uzun bir s\u00fcredir kasten ve bilerek zay\u0131flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7ift\u00e7ilik ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7apl\u0131 zirai etkinlikler yaparak ge\u00e7imlerini sa\u011flayan k\u00f6y ve kasabalardaki n\u00fcfus adeta b\u00fcy\u00fck kentlere do\u011fru itilmi\u015ftir. Kentlerin ortas\u0131na AVM\u2019ler yap\u0131lmak suretiyle esnaf ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ticaret erbab\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 i\u015fsiz kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Her yere \u00fcniversite a\u00e7mak ve kontenjanlar\u0131 rastgele art\u0131rmak suretiyle kas\u0131tl\u0131 diplomal\u0131 i\u015fsizlik yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ekonomi biliminin inad\u0131na, ekonomik dengeler kas\u0131tl\u0131 bozularak, y\u00fcksek enflasyon y\u00fcz\u00fcnden h\u0131zla yoksulla\u015fan alt ve orta s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n gen\u00e7 insanlar\u0131, \u201cne i\u015f olursa yapar\u0131z\u201d modunda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccretlerle dahi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya mecbur b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. D\u0131\u015far\u0131dan geli\u015fleri, kas\u0131tl\u0131 olarak \u00f6nlenmeyen vas\u0131fs\u0131z s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar, \u2018daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccretle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma\u2019 konusunda bizim \u2018yerli ve milli\u2019 i\u015fsizlerimize kar\u015f\u0131 tuhaf bir rekabetin i\u00e7ine sokulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n Giderek artan \u2018kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u2019 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden, \u00fccretler giderek daha fazla d\u00fc\u015fmeye devam ediyor. Bu arada, uygulanan neo-liberal yani \u2018yeni-s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilik\u2019 politikalar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda sendikac\u0131l\u0131k tamamen i\u015flevsiz bir hale getiriliyor.<\/p>\n K\u00fcreselle\u015fme s\u00fcrecinin fason \u00fcretim politikas\u0131nda en \u00e7ok tercih edilen \u00fclke \u00c7in olmu\u015ftu. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, d\u00fcnya ekonomisinin \u2018a\u00e7\u0131k hava hapishanesi\u2019 \u015fartlar\u0131nda \u00fcretim s\u00fcrecinde kullan\u0131lan emek, son derce d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccretlerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Enerji ve ta\u015f\u0131ma maliyetlerinin art\u0131\u015f\u0131yla birlikte, \u00c7in\u2019in AB \u00fclkelerine \u00e7ok uzak olmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 eski \u00e7ekicili\u011fi kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. AB \u00fclkelerinin, \u00c7in gibi son derece d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccretli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya raz\u0131 olan gen\u00e7 n\u00fcfuslu ve i\u015fsizli\u011fin yo\u011fun oldu\u011fu bir ekonomik alana ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 vard\u0131. AB \u015firketlerinin fason \u00fcretimleri i\u00e7in T\u00fcrkiye hemen yan\u0131 ba\u015flar\u0131ndayd\u0131.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrk ekonomisi, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f bor\u00e7lar ile tuhaf \u00f6zelle\u015ftirme programlar\u0131yla elde edilen kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131, verimsiz g\u00f6steri\u015f yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131nda ve harcamalar\u0131nda kullanmak suretiyle bir bor\u00e7 ekonomisi haline getirilmi\u015fti. T\u00fcrkiye, mevcut ekonomik krizlere ek olarak, \u2018ensar-muhacir\u2019 muhabbetinin b\u00fcy\u00fcs\u00fc alt\u0131nda, yakla\u015f\u0131k on \u00fc\u00e7 milyon civar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan vas\u0131fs\u0131z s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar nedeniyle AB\u2019nin tam bir d\u00fczensiz g\u00f6\u00e7men deposu haline gelmi\u015ftir. Adeta, kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve sigortas\u0131z \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortamlar\u0131 haz\u0131rlanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi, Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n ucuz \u00fcretim merkezlerinden biri yapmak ve \u00c7in gibi despotik y\u00f6netimlerden rol kapman\u0131n yolu, i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc maliyetlerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmekten ge\u00e7iyordu.\u00a0 \u00c7in modeli, demokratik ve ahlaki bir d\u00fczen i\u00e7inde s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir bir model de\u011fildir. Ekonomide, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccret cazibesiyle yabanc\u0131lar\u0131n fason \u00fcretimine arac\u0131l\u0131k yapmak, ko\u015fut olarak y\u00f6netimde de despotizmi getirecek bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir.<\/p>\n AB\u2019nin; T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye bi\u00e7ti\u011fi ya da \u00fclkedeki neo-liberal politikalara te\u015fne olan iktidar ve siyasi parti y\u00f6neticilerinin sessiz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu ekonomik rol kapma \u00e7abas\u0131, do\u011frudan yeni bir s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilik giri\u015fimidir. \u00c7ok uluslu \u015firketlerin marka \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin, \u00c7in yerine T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u00fcretilmesiyle hemen Avrupa pazarlar\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131man\u0131n giderleri olduk\u00e7a az olaca\u011f\u0131 bekleniyor. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de; Asya\u2019dan, Orta do\u011fudan, Rusya\u2019dan, Ukrayna\u2019dan ve Afrika\u2019dan ka\u00e7anlar\u0131n \u2018depoland\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019 bir yer olmaktan dolay\u0131 zaten d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olan \u00fccretlerin daha fazla d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmesi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm, neo-s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilik anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, ak\u0131lc\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve bilimsel zihniyetle geli\u015ftirilecek direnme stratejileri kapsam\u0131nda milli ekonomiye ge\u00e7i\u015fle olacakt\u0131r. Toplumsal kalk\u0131nma modeli, g\u00fcncellenerek yeniden devreye sokulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Becker, Jasper (2007): <\/strong>Ejder \u015eahlan\u0131yor, Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00c7in\u2019e \u0130\u00e7eriden Bir Bak\u0131\u015f NTV Yay\u0131nlar\u0131<\/p>\n \u0130rmi\u015f, Ay\u015fe; Emsen, Sel\u00e7uk (2018):<\/strong> Kapitalizmin K\u00fcresel A\u011f\u0131, D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmler ve \u0130lmekler, Ekin, Bursa<\/p>\n \u00d6ks\u00fcz, \u0130skender; Ercilasun, Konuralp (2022):<\/strong> \u00c7in D\u00fcnyay\u0131 Ele mi Ge\u00e7iriyor? Panama Yay\u0131n No:539, Ankara<\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" K\u00fcresel kapitalizmin bir \u015febeke organizasyon t\u00fcr\u00fc olarak fason \u00fcretimin laboratuvar\u0131 ve adeta pilot \u00fclkesi \u00c7in olmu\u015ftur . AB, 2000 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren ABD\u2019yi geride b\u0131rakarak, birle\u015fik bir ekonomik sistem yaratmak yoluyla d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck ekonomik alan\u0131 h\u00e2line geldi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":187,"featured_media":16721,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_ef_editorial_meta_date_first-draft-date":"","_ef_editorial_meta_paragraph_assignment":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[63],"tags":[188,1687,349,252,2542,1790,287],"coauthors":[2225],"class_list":["post-16714","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ekonomi","tag-cin","tag-cin-zulmu","tag-ekonomi","tag-kuresel-ekonomi","tag-neoliberalizm","tag-somurgecilik","tag-soykirim"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16714","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/187"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16714"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16714\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16719,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16714\/revisions\/16719"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16721"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16714"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16714"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16714"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=16714"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Fason \u00dcretim Merkezi Olarak \u00c7in Ekonomisi<\/strong><\/h2>\n
T\u00fcrk Ekonomisine Haz\u0131rlanan K\u00fcresel Tuzak<\/strong><\/h2>\n
T\u00fcrk Ekonomisinde \u0130\u015fsizlik ve \u00dccretlerin D\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fc<\/strong><\/h2>\n
D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00dccretler Diyar\u0131 \u00c7in AB\u2019ye \u00c7ok Uzak Kal\u0131yor!<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Soyk\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131 \u00c7in\u2019den Rol Kapma Politikas\u0131 m\u0131?<\/strong><\/h2>\n