{"id":17786,"date":"2024-01-09T19:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-01-09T16:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/?p=17786&preview=true&preview_id=17786"},"modified":"2024-01-09T00:21:27","modified_gmt":"2024-01-08T21:21:27","slug":"dunden-bugune-ortadogu-ve-filistin-savaslar-ve-baris-surecleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/dunden-bugune-ortadogu-ve-filistin-savaslar-ve-baris-surecleri\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00fcnden bug\u00fcne Ortado\u011fu ve Filistin: Sava\u015flar ve Bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcre\u00e7leri"},"content":{"rendered":"

Birinci Sava\u015f:<\/u> \u0130ngilizler manda y\u00f6netiminden \u00e7ekildiler. 11 May\u0131s 1948\u2019de \u0130srail devletinin kurulu\u015fu a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131. Bu tarihte n\u00fcfus, Araplar:1.269 000, Museviler:678 000 dir. Arap Y\u00fcksek Komitesi, Gazze\u2019de 22 A\u011fustos 1948\u2019de Filistin H\u00fck\u00fcmetini ilan etti. ABD ve SSCB \u0130srail karar\u0131na kay\u0131ts\u0131z kald\u0131, \u00dcrd\u00fcn ise tan\u0131mad\u0131. \u0130srail ile M\u0131s\u0131r-Suriye-\u00dcrd\u00fcn-Filistin aras\u0131nda ilk sava\u015f \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ve 1949 Ocak ay\u0131na kadar s\u00fcrd\u00fc. BM G\u00fcvenlik Konseyi 12.12.1948\u2019de ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 194 say\u0131l\u0131 karar ile: ABD, Fransa ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den olu\u015facak Filistin Uzla\u015fma Komisyonu kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 kararla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. Soruna do\u011frudan m\u00fcdahil olunmay\u0131nca hakem olma \u015fans\u0131n\u0131z oldu\u011funa bir \u00f6rnek.<\/p>\n

\u0130srail toprak ve yeralt\u0131 su kaynaklar\u0131 kazanarak 750 bin Filistinlinin Bat\u0131 \u015eeria ve Gazze\u2019ye g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcne neden oldu. 1949 da Rodos\u2019ta bar\u0131\u015f antla\u015fmas\u0131 imzaland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Birinci Bar\u0131\u015f Giri\u015fimi<\/u>: Suriye\u2019de 1949 da y\u00f6netime gelen Albay H\u00fcsn\u00fc Zaim<\/strong>, \u0130srail\u2019e Galile (Teberiye) g\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcn bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 Suriye\u2019ye verilmesiyle yap\u0131lacak s\u0131n\u0131r d\u00fczeltmesi kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 300 bin Filistinli g\u00f6\u00e7menin Suriye\u2019ye yerle\u015ftirilmesini kabul edece\u011fine dair bir bar\u0131\u015f plan\u0131 sundu. \u0130srail reddetti. (\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Galile\u2019nin suyu kanal ile \u0130srail\u2019e gidiyor.) Zaim kar\u015f\u0131 darbe ile d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n

\u0130kinci Bar\u0131\u015f Giri\u015fimi<\/u>: Yarmuk Nehri \u00fczerinde Maqarin (Birlik veya unily) baraj\u0131n\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131 ile buradan \u00dcrd\u00fcn nehrinin do\u011fusundaki sulanacak alanlara 100 000 Filistinli yerle\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in Birle\u015fmi\u015f milletler m\u00fclteci komisyonu kaynak sa\u011flad\u0131. \u0130srail reddetti.<\/p>\n

\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Bar\u0131\u015f Giri\u015fimi:<\/u> Yukar\u0131da s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen baraj yeri \u00fczerinde anla\u015fma sa\u011flanamay\u0131nca, ABD devreye girerek Ba\u015fkan Eisenhower, Johnston<\/strong>\u2019u temsilci olarak b\u00f6lgeye g\u00f6ndermi\u015f ve havzay\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak ele alan \u201cJohnston Plan\u0131<\/strong>\u201d yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Johnston plan\u0131n\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Nil\u2019den Bat\u0131 Sina\u2019ya su getirilip, Filistinlilerin yerle\u015ftirilmesini \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcyordu. Bu plan \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli ve k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcyordu. M\u0131s\u0131r (Nas\u0131r D\u00f6nemi) bunu reddetti.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki Filistin sorununun \u00f6nemli nedenlerinden biri, M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131n bu karar\u0131d\u0131r<\/u>. Ayn\u0131 M\u0131s\u0131r, Arap \u0130srail anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in kendisi yak\u0131n\u0131ndaki Sina\u2019ya, Nil\u2019in bo\u015fa akan suyunu vermezken, 1990 larda Atat\u00fcrk baraj\u0131ndan \u00dcrd\u00fcn nehrine su verilmesini \u00f6nerebilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki \u201cFilistin Sorunu\u201d nun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in \u00f6nerilen \u00fc\u00e7 bar\u0131\u015f plan\u0131ndan ikisini \u0130srail, arkas\u0131nda ABD\u2019nin oldu\u011fu en kapsaml\u0131 olan birini de M\u0131s\u0131r reddetmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u0130kinci Sava\u015f<\/u>: 1956 da S\u00fcvey\u015f kanal\u0131 mill\u00eele\u015ftirildi. M\u0131s\u0131r, \u0130srail\u2019e bask\u0131n yapmay\u0131 planlarken Ba\u015fkan Nas\u0131r\u2019\u0131n en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck damad\u0131 Mossad taraf\u0131ndan sat\u0131n al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, \u0130srail erken davrand\u0131 ve M\u0131s\u0131r bask\u0131n yedi. \u0130ngiliz ve Frans\u0131z k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmas\u0131yla \u0130srail Sina ve Gazze\u2019yi i\u015fgal etti. Bu krizde T\u00fcrkiye, ABD ve \u0130srail yanl\u0131s\u0131 bir tutum ald\u0131. Ancak Rusya ve BM\u2019nin itiraz\u0131 nedeniyle \u0130srail geri \u00e7ekilmek zorunda kald\u0131. B\u00f6ylece 1967\u2019deki 6 g\u00fcn sava\u015f\u0131na uzanan s\u00fcre\u00e7 ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130srail\u2019in hem kuzeye Suriye\u2019ye ve hem de g\u00fcneye M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019a do\u011fru yay\u0131lmac\u0131 emellerinin iyice ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131, 1958 de M\u0131s\u0131r ve Suriye\u2019yi tek devlet olmaya itti. Ba\u015fkenti Kahire, Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Nas\u0131r idi. Suriyeli Haf\u0131z Esad<\/strong> \u2018Birle\u015fik Arap Cumhuriyeti\u2019ne 1961 de bir darbe yaparak, Suriye y\u00f6netimini ele ge\u00e7irdi. Suriye\u2019yi birlikten ay\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Sava\u015f (Alt\u0131 G\u00fcn Sava\u015f\u0131):<\/u> 1964\u2019te Arap Birli\u011fi nehir sular\u0131n\u0131n \u0130srail\u2019e ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 engellemek i\u00e7in bir \u00e7evirme plan\u0131 karar\u0131 ald\u0131. Buna g\u00f6re nehrin kaynaklar\u0131ndan Hasbani Kolu L\u00fcbnan\u2019da Litani Nehri\u2019ne, Banyas Kolu da Suriye\u2019de Yarmuk Nehri\u2019ne d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclecekti. Araplar bu ama\u00e7lar\u0131na ula\u015fabilmek i\u00e7in her t\u00fcrl\u00fc ihtimale haz\u0131rd\u0131; \u00d6yle ki Suriye, L\u00fcbnan ve \u00dcrd\u00fcn ordular\u0131n\u0131n tek bir komuta alt\u0131nda toplanmas\u0131na karar verilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

\u0130srail Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Levi Eshkol<\/strong> \u201csuyun \u0130srail i\u00e7in bir hayat memat meselesi\u201d oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

Akabinde 1 Ocak 1965\u2019te el-Fetih, \u0130srail\u2019in su tesislerine sald\u0131r\u0131 d\u00fczenledi. \u0130srail de bir\u00e7ok kar\u015f\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131da bulundu ve 1966\u2019da \u0130srail sava\u015f u\u00e7aklar\u0131 Banyas-Yarmuk Kanal\u0131\u2019n\u0131 bombalad\u0131.<\/p>\n

5 Haziran 1967\u2019de \u201cAlt\u0131 G\u00fcn Sava\u015f\u0131\u201d olarak an\u0131lan Arap-\u0130srail Sava\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 sorunu \u201cAlt\u0131 G\u00fcn Sava\u015f\u0131\u201dn\u0131n \u00f6nemli sebeplerinden biri olmu\u015ftur. Hatta d\u00f6nemin \u0130srail Savunma Bakan\u0131 Moshe Dayan<\/strong>, hem Araplar\u0131n hem de kendilerinin bu sava\u015fa su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmek i\u00e7in girdiklerini s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Araplar sava\u015ftan h\u00fcsranla ayr\u0131lan taraf olmu\u015ftur. \u0130srail sadece alt\u0131 g\u00fcn s\u00fcren sava\u015f sonucunda topraklar\u0131n\u0131 3,5 kat\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fctm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu sava\u015f\u0131n sonunda;<\/p>\n

Yarmuk baraj\u0131 engellendi. \u0130srail alan kazanarak, \u00dcrd\u00fcn nehrinde 23 km. boyunca k\u0131y\u0131da\u015f \u00fclke oldu. Su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu Golan Tepeleri ile s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki akiferlerin bulundu\u011fu alanlar i\u015fgal edildi. (Yer alt\u0131ndaki dev bo\u015fluklar\u0131 dolduran sulara \u201cakifer\u201d denilir).\u00a0 \u0130\u015fgalin kapsama alan\u0131n\u0131 su kaynaklar\u0131 belirlemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc Sava\u015f: <\/u>M\u0131s\u0131r ve Suriye 1973 de bu alanlar\u0131 almak i\u00e7in \u0130srail\u2019e tekrar sava\u015f a\u00e7t\u0131lar. Ancak 1967\u2019de kaybettikleri sahalar\u0131 alamad\u0131lar. Bu sava\u015f Yahudilerin kutsal g\u00fcnlerinde Araplar taraf\u0131ndan bir bask\u0131n \u015feklinde yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u201cYom Kippur Sava\u015f\u0131\u201d olarak an\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc Bar\u0131\u015f:<\/u> 1979 da Enver Sedat<\/strong> Camp David\u2019de \u0130srail ile bar\u0131\u015f yapt\u0131. M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019a sus pay\u0131 olarak, \u0130srail Sina\u2019dan \u00e7ekildi<\/p>\n

Be\u015finci Sava\u015f<\/u>: \u0130srail 1982 de G\u00fcney L\u00fcbnan\u2019\u0131 Litani nehrine kadar i\u015fgal etti. G\u00f6r\u00fcnen ama\u00e7 FK\u00d6\u2019y\u00fc oradan s\u00f6k\u00fcp atmakt\u0131. Di\u011fer amac\u0131 ise L\u00fcbnan\u2019dan do\u011fup gene L\u00fcbnan\u2019dan denize d\u00f6k\u00fclen yani hi\u00e7bir itilafa konu olmayan Litani Nehrinden su gasp etmekti. Nitekim bir kanal a\u00e7arak suyun bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 \u0130srail\u2019e ak\u0131tm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Be\u015finci Bar\u0131\u015f<\/u>: Camp David\u2019de bar\u0131\u015f sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f ancak anla\u015fmazl\u0131k devam etmi\u015fti. 30 Ekim 1991 de ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Bush\u2019un giri\u015fimi ile \u201cMadrid Bar\u0131\u015f Konferans\u0131\u201d toplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1973\u2019ten Sonraki Di\u011fer Sava\u015flar:<\/u> Do\u011frudan \u0130srail ve Araplar aras\u0131ndaki sava\u015flardan sonra Ortado\u011fu\u2019daki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar daha karma\u015f\u0131k hale geldi. 1975-1991 tarihleri aras\u0131nda L\u00fcbnan\u2019da i\u00e7 sava\u015f \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. \u00c7e\u015fitli ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctleri arkas\u0131na baz\u0131 devletlerin deste\u011fini de alarak L\u00fcbnan\u2019\u0131 kana bo\u011fdular. Kuzeyden Suriye, G\u00fcneyden \u0130srail i\u00e7 sava\u015fa m\u00fcdahil oldular.<\/p>\n

2000\u2019de Hizbullah \u0130srail\u2019i L\u00fcbnan\u2019dan uzakla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. 2004 y\u0131l\u0131nda da L\u00fcbnan Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Hariri cinayetinden sorumlu Tutulan Suriye L\u00fcbnan\u2019dan \u00e7ekildi.<\/p>\n

1995 Oslo Bar\u0131\u015f Anla\u015fmas\u0131:<\/u><\/p>\n

\u0130srail ve Filistin aras\u0131ndaki bu anla\u015fmaya g\u00f6re Bat\u0131 \u015eeria\u2019daki Filistin devleti \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00f6lgeye ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<\/p>\n

A-B\u00f6lgesi: Gazze \u015eeridi de dahil Filistin topraklar\u0131n\u0131n %18\u2019ini i\u00e7eren b\u00f6lge, tamamen Filistin\u2019in kontrol\u00fcnde olacak.<\/p>\n

B-B\u00f6lgesi: Filistin topraklar\u0131n\u0131n %22\u2019sini i\u00e7eren Filistin idaresinde ancak \u0130srail g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin kontrol\u00fcnde bulunacak b\u00f6lge.<\/p>\n

C-B\u00f6lgesi: Filistin Topraklar\u0131n\u0131n %60\u2019\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan bu b\u00f6lge, tamamen \u0130srail\u2019in kontrol\u00fcnde olacakt\u0131r. Daha sonra bir\u00e7ok kez ihlal edilmesine ra\u011fmen bu anla\u015fma halen y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fcktedir.<\/p>\n

(Devam edecek)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki \u201cFilistin Sorunu\u201d nun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in \u00f6nerilen \u00fc\u00e7 bar\u0131\u015f plan\u0131ndan ikisini \u0130srail, arkas\u0131nda ABD\u2019nin oldu\u011fu en kapsaml\u0131 olan birini de M\u0131s\u0131r reddetmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":51,"featured_media":17787,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[66],"tags":[410,2749,409,1672],"yoast_head":"\nD\u00fcnden bug\u00fcne Ortado\u011fu ve Filistin: Sava\u015flar ve Bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcre\u00e7leri - M\u0130SAK- Mill\u00ee Strateji Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurulu<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"2000\u2019de Hizbullah \u0130srail\u2019i L\u00fcbnan\u2019dan uzakla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. 2004 y\u0131l\u0131nda da L\u00fcbnan Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Hariri cinayetinden sorumlu Tutulan Suriye L\u00fcbnan\u2019dan \u00e7ekildi.\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/dunden-bugune-ortadogu-ve-filistin-savaslar-ve-baris-surecleri\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"D\u00fcnden bug\u00fcne Ortado\u011fu ve Filistin: Sava\u015flar ve Bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcre\u00e7leri - 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