{"id":18379,"date":"2024-09-13T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-09-13T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/?p=18379&preview=true&preview_id=18379"},"modified":"2024-09-14T21:24:24","modified_gmt":"2024-09-14T18:24:24","slug":"brics-uyelgi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/brics-uyelgi\/","title":{"rendered":"BRICS \u00fcyeli\u011fi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Rusya Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Vladimir Putin’in d\u0131\u015f politika dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131 Yuri U\u015fakov,<\/strong> T\u00fcrkiye’nin BRICS’e \u00fcyelik i\u00e7in ba\u015fvuru yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u00a0 a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Rus haber ajans\u0131 RIA Novosti’nin haberine g\u00f6re U\u015fakov, \u201cT\u00fcrkiye tam \u00fcyelik i\u00e7in ba\u015fvurdu. Bunu de\u011ferlendirece\u011fiz<\/em><\/strong>\u201d demi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Rusya\u00a0 BRICS’in d\u00f6nem ba\u015fkan\u0131d\u0131r. BRICS Zirvesi, 22-24 Ekim’de Rusya’n\u0131n Tataristan Cumhuriyeti’nin Kazan kentinde yap\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Zirve\u2019de ana g\u00fcndem maddelerinden birinin, BRICS’in geni\u015fleme s\u00fcreci olacakt\u0131r. Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Erdo\u011fan 20-24 Ekim\u2019de BRICS Zirvesi\u2019ne kat\u0131lmak i\u00e7in Kazan\u2019a gidece\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/strong>. AK Parti S\u00f6zc\u00fcs\u00fc \u00d6mer \u00c7elik, “S\u00fcre\u00e7 devam ediyor, somut geli\u015fme olursa payla\u015f\u0131r\u0131z” <\/em>demi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

BRICS, G20 i\u00e7inde d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelere ait G7 Grubu\u2019na kar\u015f\u0131, Brezilya, Rusya, Hindistan <\/strong>ve \u00c7in<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan ekonomik dayan\u0131\u015fma amac\u0131yla kurulmu\u015ftur. Sonradan gruba G\u00fcney Afrika<\/strong>\u00a0 kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve \u015fimdiki ismini alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u015eanghay \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc ile beraber Global G\u00fcney\u2019i temsil iddias\u0131ndad\u0131r. BRICS, m\u00fctecanis (<\/strong>ba\u011fda\u015f\u0131k)<\/strong> bir grup olmaktan \u00e7ok, kurallar yerine \u00fclke \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 temelinde hareket eden \u00a0bir kurulu\u015ftur.<\/strong> BRICS\u2019e yeni \u00fcye olan devletlere bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kurulu\u015fun \u00a0kimi temsil etti\u011fi daha iyi anla\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r: \u0130ran, M\u0131s\u0131r, Etiyopya <\/strong>ve BEA. <\/strong>Suudi Arabistan \u00fcyeli\u011fini ask\u0131ya al\u0131rken, son se\u00e7imlerden sonra Arjantin \u00fcye olmaktan vazge\u00e7mi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Hakan Fidan’\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye’nin 5 y\u0131l sonra davet edildi\u011fi Avrupa Birli\u011fi (AB) D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanlar\u0131n\u0131n Gymnich ad\u0131 verilen gayri resm\u00ee toplant\u0131s\u0131na kat\u0131lmas\u0131ndan g\u00fcnler sonra Bloomberg haber ajans\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye’nin BRICS’e resm\u00ee olarak \u00fcye olmak i\u00e7in ba\u015fvurdu\u011funa ili\u015fkin\u00a0 haber yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Haberde, T\u00fcrkiye’nin AB’ye kat\u0131lma \u00e7abalar\u0131nda ilerleme kaydedilememesinden duydu\u011fu hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle BRICS’e ba\u015fvurdu\u011fu iddia edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

AKP S\u00f6zc\u00fcs\u00fc \u00d6mer \u00c7elik, “BRICS\u2019e \u00fcye olma talebimiz a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. S\u00fcre\u00e7 devam ediyor, somut geli\u015fme olursa payla\u015f\u0131r\u0131z. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin BRICS dahil \u00f6nemli platformlarda yer almak istedi\u011fini say\u0131n Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131m\u0131z ifade etmi\u015ftir.”<\/em> demi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

2012 BRICS Zirvesi\u2019nde; geli\u015fmekte olan ekonomilerdeki kalk\u0131nma projelerine finansman ve kredi sa\u011flamak \u00fczere yeni bir uluslararas\u0131 kalk\u0131nma bankas\u0131 kurulmas\u0131 \u00f6nerilmi\u015ftir. Kalk\u0131nma Bankas\u0131 (NDB<\/strong>), BRICS \u00fcyelerinin bankan\u0131n kay\u0131tl\u0131 sermayesi olarak 100 milyar dolar sa\u011flamas\u0131 sonucunda \u00a0Temmuz 2014’te faaliyete ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. BRICS \u00fcyeleri, NDB’de e\u015fit hisseye sahiptir ve Banka\u2019n\u0131n varl\u0131klar\u0131na e\u015fit payla katk\u0131da bulunmu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

BRICS, NDB’nin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, ekonomik s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 ya\u015fayan \u00fclkelere likit para sa\u011flamay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan Acil Durum Rezerv Antla\u015fmas\u0131<\/strong>\u2019n\u0131 (CRA<\/strong>) y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe koymu\u015ftur. \u00a0NDB’nin aksine CRA, e\u015fit katk\u0131 \u015fart\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 de\u011fildir. \u00c7in, Antla\u015fma\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 \u200b\u200bvarl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 41’ini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. BRICS \u00fcyeleri, \u00fcye \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda uluslararas\u0131 ticaret i\u00e7in ortak bir para birimi olu\u015fturulmas\u0131n\u0131 ama\u00e7lam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ama bu hedefi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in \u00a0somut ad\u0131m hen\u00fcz at\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

BRICS’in uluslararas\u0131 profili, Rusya’n\u0131n Ukrayna’y\u0131 i\u015fgalinin ard\u0131ndan, hem Rusya hem de \u00c7in’in Bat\u0131l\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 kurumlarla aras\u0131ndaki gerilim ve bu kurumlardan d\u0131\u015flanman\u0131n artmas\u0131yla y\u00fckselmi\u015ftir. Ele\u015ftirmenler, BRICS \u00fcyelerinin\u00a0 \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karlara ve jeopolitik pozisyonlara sahip oldu\u011funu \u00f6ne s\u00fcrmektedirler.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan, 27 Temmuz 2018<\/strong> tarihinde G\u00fcney Afrika’n\u0131n Johannesburg kentinde d\u00fczenlenen BRICS \u00fclkeleri y\u0131ll\u0131k zirvesi \u00f6ncesinde di\u011fer liderlerle birlikte poz vermeden \u00f6nce Hindistan Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Narendra Modi’yi (solda) selamlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Hakan Fidan, Habert\u00fcrk Kanal\u0131\u2019nda Sena Alkan moderat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde Mehmet Ye\u015filkaya, Abdullah A\u011far ve Ferhat \u00dcnl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn sorular\u0131n\u0131 cevapland\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, \u00a0T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin BRICS\u2019e \u00fcye olup olmayaca\u011f\u0131yla ilgili olarak, \u201c\u0130li\u015fkimiz var, g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerimizi, m\u00fczakerelerimizi yap\u0131yoruz BRICS \u00fcyesi \u00fclkelerle\u201d<\/em> de\u011ferlendirmesinde bulunmu\u015ftur.\u00a0 BRICS \u00fcyesi \u00fclkelerle i\u015fbirli\u011finin geli\u015ftirilmesinde\u00a0 yarar vard\u0131r.\u00a0 BRICS\u2019in AB\u2019ye \u00a0g\u00f6re farkl\u0131 taraf\u0131, b\u00fct\u00fcn medeniyetleri, \u0131rklar\u0131 b\u00fcnyesinde bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131yor olmas\u0131d\u0131r<\/strong>. (Catherine Boyle,\u00a0 \u201cFragile Five: The New Focus Of Currency Wars\u201d,<\/em> CNBC, 25 Ekim 2013)<\/p>\n

BRICS, ekonomik \u201ci\u015fbirli\u011fine\u201d<\/em> y\u00f6nelik bir kurulu\u015ftur. Oysa Avrupa Birli\u011fi \u201cekonomik entegrasyona<\/em>\u201d y\u00f6neliktir. Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nde ulusal yetkilerinizin \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 AB kurumlar\u0131na\u00a0 devretmeniz s\u00f6z konusudur. AB kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n alaca\u011f\u0131 kararlara i\u015ftirak edersiniz ama \u00e7\u0131kan kararlar aleyhinize bile olsa onlar\u0131 uygulamak durumundas\u0131n\u0131z.<\/strong> \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, egemenlik yetkilerinizin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 AB kurumlar\u0131na devretmi\u015f oluyorsunuz. (S. R\u0131dvan Karluk, Uluslararas\u0131 Kurulu\u015flar<\/em><\/strong>,<\/em> Beta, \u0130stanbul, 2014, s.44-50.)<\/p>\n

Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019ne giden yolda ilk ad\u0131m \u201cSchuman Bildirisi\u201d<\/em> (9 May\u0131s 1950) olmu\u015ftur.\u00a0 1951\u2019de\u00a0\u00a0 Avrupa K\u00f6m\u00fcr \u00c7elik Toplulu\u011fu (AK\u00c7T), ard\u0131ndan 1957\u2019de\u00a0 Avrupa Atom Enerjisi Toplulu\u011fu (AAET) kurulmu\u015ftur. Bu iki \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn \u00f6zelli\u011fi\u00a0 \u201csuprarasyonalist<\/strong>\u201d<\/em> (uluslar\u00fcst\u00fc)\u00a0 olmas\u0131d\u0131r. (S. R\u0131dvan Karluk, Avrupa Birli\u011fi T\u00fcrkiye \u0130li\u015fkileri<\/em><\/strong>,\u00a0 Beta,\u00a0 \u0130stanbul, 2013, s.609) Avrupa Birli\u011fi, g\u00f6rev ve yetkileri anla\u015fmalarla belirlenen 7 ana kurumdan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bunlar; Avrupa Parlamentosu, Avrupa Birli\u011fi Zirvesi (Summit), Konsey (Bakanlar Konseyi), Avrupa Komisyonu, Avrupa Birli\u011fi Adalet Divan\u0131, Avrupa Say\u0131\u015ftay\u0131 ve Avrupa Merkez Bankas\u0131\u2019d\u0131r. Bu kurumlar\u0131n \u00f6zelli\u011fi, tamam\u0131n\u0131n uluslar\u00fcst\u00fc\u00a0 olmas\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0 Oysa BRICS\u2019te b\u00f6yle bir durum s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir.<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2018nin BRICS \u00fclkeleri ile ili\u015fkileri, AB ile olan ili\u015fkilere benzemez.<\/strong> Bu ili\u015fkiler i\u015fbirli\u011fine y\u00f6nelik olup,\u00a0 burada egemenlik devri s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir.\u00a0 BRICS \u00fclkeleri h\u0131zl\u0131 bir geli\u015fim i\u00e7inde olmalar\u0131 nedeniyle d\u00fcnyan\u0131n yak\u0131ndan\u00a0 izledi\u011fi \u00fclkelerden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bu bak\u0131mdan \u201cBRICS \u00fcyesi \u00fclkelerle ili\u015fkilerimizi iyi tutmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yoruz. D\u0131\u015f ticaret hacminin en y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu iki \u00fclke \u00c7in ve Rusya BRICS \u00fcyesi. \u00dclkemizin d\u0131\u015f politika rotas\u0131n\u0131 daha sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctebilmek i\u00e7in bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede bakmak laz\u0131m\u201d<\/em> \u00a0\u00a0tespiti do\u011frudur.<\/p>\n

AB ile ili\u015fkilerimiz ile BRICS \u00fclkeleri ile ili\u015fkilerimizi kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmak do\u011fru de\u011fildir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc iki uluslararas\u0131\u00a0 \u00f6rg\u00fct birbirinden farkl\u0131d\u0131r. AB\u2019de egemenlik haklar\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n devri s\u00f6z konusudur ama BRICS\u2019te b\u00f6yle bir durum yoktur. <\/strong><\/p>\n

Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte d\u00f6nemin Ba\u015fbakan Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131\u00a0 Mehmet \u015eim\u015fek<\/strong> 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda\u00a0 BRICS \u00fclkelerinin verece\u011fi projelerden ve fonlardan yararlanmak amac\u0131yla T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin tam \u00fcye olma gereklili\u011fini g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irdi\u011fini dile getirmi\u015fti.<\/strong> (Mehmet \u015eim\u015fek, \u201cT\u00fcrkiye, BRICS\u2019in Kurdu\u011fu Yat\u0131r\u0131m Bankas\u0131na \u00dcye Olabilir\u201d,<\/em> Sputnik T\u00fcrkiye, 27 Nisan 2017)<\/p>\n

BRICS \u00fclkelerinin ekonomik olarak y\u00fckseli\u015fine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak yeni uluslararas\u0131 finansal kurulu\u015flar\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131, bir yandan da T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Bat\u0131 \u00fclkeleriyle ili\u015fkilerinde yeni bir alan a\u00e7mak ad\u0131na ekonomik ve siyasi alternatiflerini \u00e7e\u015fitlendirme iste\u011fi, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin BRICS \u00fclkeleriyle yak\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130li\u015fkilerin geli\u015ftirilmesi ile BRICS\u2019e \u00fcye olmak farkl\u0131 \u015feylerdir.<\/strong> (Catherine Boyle,\u00a0 “Fragile Five: The New Focus Of Currency Wars”, CNBC, 25 Ekim 2013)<\/p>\n

BRICS, Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nin alternatifi de\u011fildir<\/strong>. Bu iki kurulu\u015f ile olan ili\u015fkileri ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmek gerekir. Bu nedenle BRICS ile ili\u015fkilerimiz hi\u00e7bir zaman AB ile olan ili\u015fkilerimize alternatif \u00a0olamaz. <\/strong>BRICS \u00fclkeleri ile ili\u015fkilerin geli\u015ftirilmesi olumlu bir geli\u015fmedir.<\/p>\n

Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn 1923 y\u0131l\u0131nda\u00a0 bir Frans\u0131z gazetecisine verdi\u011fi deme\u00e7 \u00f6nemlidir. B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nder Atat\u00fcrk y\u0131llar \u00f6nce T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin tercihini yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<\/strong> \u201cMemleketler muhteliftir, fakat medeniyet birdir ve bir milletin terakkisi i\u00e7in de bu yegane medeniyete i\u015ftirak etmesi l\u00e2z\u0131md\u0131r. Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun s\u00fck\u00fbtu, garbe kar\u015f\u0131 elde etti\u011fi muzafferiyetlerden \u00e7ok ma\u011frur olarak, kendisini Avrupa milletlerine ba\u011flayan rab\u0131talar\u0131 kesti\u011fi g\u00fcn ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu bir hata idi. Bunu tekrar etmeyece\u011fiz. Memleketimizi asrile\u015ftirmek istiyoruz. B\u00fct\u00fcn mesaimiz T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de asri, binaenaleyh garbi bir h\u00fck\u00fcmet meydana getirmektir. Medeniyete girmek arzu edipte, garbe tevecc\u00fch etmemi\u015f millet hangi<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Rusya Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Vladimir Putin’in d\u0131\u015f politika dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131 Yuri U\u015fakov, T\u00fcrkiye’nin BRICS’e \u00fcyelik i\u00e7in ba\u015fvuru yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u00a0 a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Rus haber ajans\u0131 RIA Novosti’nin haberine g\u00f6re U\u015fakov, \u201cT\u00fcrkiye tam \u00fcyelik i\u00e7in ba\u015fvurdu. Bunu de\u011ferlendirece\u011fiz\u201d demi\u015ftir. Rusya\u00a0 BRICS’in d\u00f6nem ba\u015fkan\u0131d\u0131r. BRICS Zirvesi, 22-24 Ekim’de Rusya’n\u0131n Tataristan Cumhuriyeti’nin Kazan kentinde yap\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Zirve\u2019de ana g\u00fcndem maddelerinden birinin, BRICS’in geni\u015fleme s\u00fcreci […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":18381,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_ef_editorial_meta_date_first-draft-date":"","_ef_editorial_meta_paragraph_assignment":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"coauthors":[6],"class_list":["post-18379","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18379","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18379"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18379\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18385,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18379\/revisions\/18385"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18381"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18379"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18379"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18379"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=18379"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}