\u0130slamiyet\u2019in temel mesaj\u0131, insan\u0131n \u2018yaln\u0131z Allah\u2019a kulluk etmesi ve O\u2019ndan yard\u0131m istemesidir\u2019\u00a0 (Fatiha Suresi, 5 ). Ama\u00e7, yaln\u0131zca Allah\u2019a kulluk yap\u0131p ba\u015fka hi\u00e7bir haks\u0131z otoriteye boyun e\u011fmemektir. Bir defa, Allah\u2019\u0131n, kendi yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 insanlar\u0131n kullu\u011funa ihtiyac\u0131 olamaz. Buradaki as\u0131l maksat, \u2018yaln\u0131zca Allah\u2019a kulluk\u2019 edilmesi \u00fczerinden, ba\u015fka ki\u015fi ve kurumlara ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k duygusundan ar\u0131nmak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcr insan olma bilinci kazanmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u0130nsanlar\u0131n yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f mayas\u0131nda, hem \u2018iyilik\u2019 hem de \u2018k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck\u2019 yapma e\u011filimi mevcuttur. Ki\u015finin, do\u011frudan kendi iradesiyle \u2018k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u2019 de\u011fil, \u2018iyili\u011fi\u2019 se\u00e7mesi istenir. Bunun en g\u00f6rkemli ve yetkin arac\u0131 ise insan\u0131n do\u011frudan ak\u0131l ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme yetisini kullanarak bireysel iradeye sahip olmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ak\u0131lc\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce tavr\u0131ndan yoksun olan ki\u015filer, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek ve sorgulamak yerine, \u00e7o\u011funlukla birilerinin pe\u015fine tak\u0131lma kolayc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na y\u00f6neliyor. B\u00f6ylece, daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ki\u015fi ve topluluklara ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 olmay\u0131 kabullenmi\u015f oluyor ve b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ihtimalle onlar taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7ok s\u0131k olarak aldat\u0131lma eylemine muhatap oluyor.<\/p>\n
\u0130nsanlar, normal \u015fartlarda ak\u0131l ve bilim yoluyla yanl\u0131\u015flar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda do\u011fruyu, k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fckler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda iyili\u011fi se\u00e7ebilir. Ancak, ki\u015filerin d\u00fcrt\u00fcleri, \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131, kinleri, \u00f6fkeleri, tutkular\u0131 ve bilin\u00e7alt\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7leri gibi etkenlere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak her daim ak\u0131l d\u0131\u015f\u0131 yollara girmeleri m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ayr\u0131ca, ki\u015filerin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme ve sorgulama yetene\u011fi, i\u00e7inde ya\u015fan\u0131lan k\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u00e7evrenin e\u011fitimsizli\u011fi ya da yanl\u0131\u015f e\u011fitim y\u00fcz\u00fcnden k\u00f6relebilir. Ki\u015filer, hen\u00fcz do\u011fru-yanl\u0131\u015f ve iyi-k\u00f6t\u00fc kavramlar\u0131n\u0131 ay\u0131rt etme yetilerinin geli\u015fmedi\u011fi ya\u015flarda, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u00e7evrenin etkisiyle ak\u0131l d\u0131\u015f\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flara daha \u00f6nceden \u015fartlanm\u0131\u015f olabilir.<\/p>\n
Ki\u015fi ve toplumlara, ak\u0131l ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme yolundan sapmadan do\u011frudan iyili\u011fe y\u00f6nelmeleri i\u00e7in ayr\u0131ca vahiy yoluyla da \u2018do\u011fru yol\u2019 g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir. Bir anlamda, vahyin var olu\u015f nedeni her \u00e7a\u011fda var olan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ak\u0131l \u00e7eldiren g\u00fc\u00e7lere ve aldat\u0131lma eylemlerine kar\u015f\u0131 insanlar\u0131n korunmas\u0131d\u0131r (Allah daha iyi bilir).<\/p>\n
Kur\u2019an, inananlar\u0131 din \u00fczerinden aldat\u0131lmaya kar\u015f\u0131 uyar\u0131c\u0131 temel davran\u0131\u015f kodlar\u0131n\u0131 da belirlemi\u015ftir. Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f k\u0131ssas\u0131 olarak bilinen ayetlerde (Bakara,30-38; A\u2019raf,11-24; Hicr,26-44; \u0130sra, 61-65; Kehf, 50-51; Taha, 115-127), inanan insanlar – metaforik bir anlat\u0131mla- ba\u015fkalar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan aldat\u0131lmamalar\u0131 i\u00e7in uyar\u0131l\u0131r.\u00a0 Kur\u2019an\u2019daki yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 anlatan ayetlere g\u00f6re, Allah, b\u00fct\u00fcn meleklere yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde insan yarataca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve ona secde etmeleri gerekti\u011fini buyurur. \u0130blis d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda hepsi secde ederler. O, b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fck taslar ve y\u00fcz \u00e7evirir.\u00a0 \u00c2dem\u2019e secde etmesi emredilen iblis, secde etmeyince ad\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fir ve art\u0131k \u2018\u015feytan\u2019 olur (Merdin, 2020, 533).\u00a0\u00a0 Allah, \u015feytan\u0131 huzurundan kovar. \u015eeytan ise \u015f\u00f6yle kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k verir: \u2018\u00d6yle ise beni azd\u0131rmana kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, ant i\u00e7erim ki, ben de onlar\u0131 sapt\u0131rmak i\u00e7in senin do\u011fru yolunun \u00fcst\u00fcne oturaca\u011f\u0131m (A\u2019r\u00e2f Suresi,16).<\/p>\n
Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f k\u0131ssas\u0131nda \u015feytan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck hilesi, \u00c2dem ile e\u015fini, onlar\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fcz olmaya ve cennette ebed\u00ee olarak kalma vaadiyle aldatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden, t\u0131pk\u0131 \u015feytan\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve dedi\u011fi gibi, Allah\u2019\u0131n \u2018do\u011fru yolu\u2019 \u00fczerine oturarak insanlar\u0131 ba\u015fka yollara y\u00f6nelten \u00e7ok say\u0131da ki\u015fi ve topluluk \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u0130nanan insanlar\u0131, normal \u015fartlarda ba\u015fka inan\u00e7tan ki\u015filerin aldatmas\u0131 ve yollar\u0131ndan sapt\u0131rmas\u0131 pek nadirdir. Her inan\u00e7 toplulu\u011funu, en \u00e7ok kendi inan\u00e7 dairesinde oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc veren ki\u015fi ve topluluklar aldat\u0131yor. Bu ba\u011flamda, aldatma eylemi, Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n ortaya koydu\u011fu evren tasavvuruna g\u00f6re bir \u015feytan i\u015fidir. Bu durumda, aldanmak da bir t\u00fcr \u015feytana uymak oluyor.<\/p>\n
Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n ortaya koydu\u011fu evren tasavvurunda, en fazla yer alan motiflerden birisi de \u2018\u015feytan\u2019 kavram\u0131d\u0131r. Evrensel bir dil kullan\u0131m\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak Kur\u2019an\u2019da ge\u00e7en kavramlar\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131, geni\u015f ba\u011flaml\u0131 bir anlam k\u00fcmesine sahiptir. \u015eeytan yaln\u0131zca soyut ve kozmik bir varl\u0131k olman\u0131n \u00f6tesinde, ayn\u0131 zamanda bir ki\u015filik s\u0131fat\u0131d\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda, ki\u015filerdeki \u015fehvet, \u00e7\u0131karc\u0131l\u0131k, tutku, \u00f6fke, haset gibi duygular ile daha \u00f6nceden bast\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bilin\u00e7alt\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7leri, insan\u0131n i\u00e7indeki \u015feytan\u0131 temsil eder (Merdin, 2020, 370). Ayr\u0131ca, Kur\u2019an\u2019da insanlar\u0131 azd\u0131ran, sap\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa s\u00fcr\u00fckleyen, aldatan ve k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck yayan ki\u015filer de \u2018\u015feytan\u2019 \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131yla nitelenir.<\/p>\n
Pop\u00fcler ve siyasal \u0130slamc\u0131 ileri gelenler, her bir ki\u015finin asl\u0131nda bir \u2018yery\u00fcz\u00fc halifesi\u2019 olarak yarat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00f6zg\u00fcr bireyler oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011fini g\u00f6z ard\u0131 ediyorlar. S\u00fcrekli olarak inanan insanlar\u0131n, kendileri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla g\u00fcnahlar\u0131ndan ar\u0131nacaklar\u0131 ve cennet imk\u00e2n\u0131na ula\u015facaklar\u0131 izlenimi veriyorlar. Dinsel s\u00f6ylem ve simgeler g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc alt\u0131nda, \u2018Allah ile kul aras\u0131nda bir arac\u0131l\u0131k rol\u00fc\u2019 \u00fcstleniyorlar. Kendilerini, takip\u00e7ilerine dinsel alanda se\u00e7ilmi\u015f \u00f6zel varl\u0131klar olarak tan\u0131t\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n
\u0130slamiyet\u2019e, Kur\u2019an ve ak\u0131l d\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir\u00e7ok k\u00fclt\u00fcrel eklemeler yap\u0131yorlar. Sureti haktan g\u00f6r\u00fcnerek her f\u0131rsatta inanan insanlar\u0131n yoluna \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor ve onlar\u0131 aldat\u0131yorlar. B\u00f6ylece, \u0130slamiyet\u2019in insanlar\u0131 \u00f6zg\u00fcr iradeli birer birey olma hedefini sapt\u0131r\u0131yorlar. Allah\u2019\u0131n indirdi\u011fi dini, ak\u0131l ve bilim yoluyla anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak yerine, kendi ki\u015fisel heveslerinin ve kinlerinin birer par\u00e7as\u0131 haline getiriyorlar. Sanki dinin sahibiymi\u015f gibi yeni \u00f6\u011feler ve rit\u00fceller icat ediyorlar. Her biri, ayr\u0131 bir yolun ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 tutmu\u015f, bireysel iradesi geli\u015fmemi\u015f yoksul ve \u00e7aresizlik i\u00e7inde bunalm\u0131\u015f ki\u015fileri kendi yollar\u0131na \u00e7ekiyorlar.<\/p>\n
\u0130nsanlar, i\u00e7inde yer ald\u0131klar\u0131 topluluklar i\u00e7inde her daim \u00e7ok defalar aldat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ise \u00e7e\u015fitli propaganda ve alg\u0131 y\u00f6netimlerine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak, s\u0131radan insanlar\u0131n aldat\u0131lmas\u0131yla ilgili \u00e7ok fazla etkili ileti\u015fim teknikleri mevcuttur.<\/p>\n
\u0130nsanlar, yeterince do\u011fru bilgiye sahip olmad\u0131klar\u0131 konularda daha \u00e7ok aldat\u0131l\u0131yor. \u0130nan\u0131lan \u0130sl\u00e2m dininin esaslar\u0131, do\u011frudan ak\u0131l ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme yoluyla as\u0131l dini kaynaktan \u00f6\u011frenilmeyince, \u2018do\u011fru yol \u00fczerine oturan\u2019 bir\u00e7ok \u015feytanla\u015fm\u0131\u015f ki\u015filere f\u0131rsat do\u011fuyor. Bu ba\u011flamda, inan\u00e7 mensuplar\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131-bazen \u00e7o\u011funu- en fazla aldatan ki\u015fi ve topluluklar, \u00e7o\u011funlukla ayn\u0131 \u2018menzile\u2019 y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fckleri g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc veren ayn\u0131 inanc\u0131n \u015feytan yap\u0131lar\u0131 oluyor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc insanlar, kar\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131ndan ya da d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 zaten \u00e7ok dikkatli oluyor.<\/p>\n
Asl\u0131nda, Allah\u2019\u0131n Kur\u2019an\u2019daki \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131 ve \u00f6\u011f\u00fctleri, hi\u00e7bir topluluk ve kurumun arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmaks\u0131z\u0131n do\u011frudan do\u011fruya insan\u0131n kendisinedir. Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f k\u0131ssas\u0131nda, asl\u0131 bir melek olan iblisin bile \u015feytanla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6rnek \u00fczerinden, ki\u015filerin de kolayl\u0131kla \u015feytan konumuna d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febilece\u011fi mesaj\u0131 veriliyor. Allah\u2019\u0131n, do\u011frudan inananlara verdi\u011fi cennet imk\u00e2n\u0131na \u015feytan\u0131n arac\u0131l\u0131k yapmaya kalk\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 gibi, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlarda t\u00fcreyen\/t\u00fcretilen bir k\u0131s\u0131m ki\u015fi ve topluluklar da \u015feytan\u0131n rol\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fcstleniyor.<\/p>\n
\u0130slamiyet \u00f6ncesi Araplar\u0131n inan\u00e7 sisteminde soyut olarak \u2018Allah\u2019 kavram\u0131 vard\u0131. Soyut d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce geli\u015fiminin yetersizli\u011fi nedeniyle ki\u015filer, \u2018Allah\u2019 ile ba\u011flant\u0131 kurmada arac\u0131l\u0131k rol\u00fc yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131na inand\u0131klar\u0131 temsili putlara ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ki\u015filere taparlard\u0131. Yoksul ve \u00e7aresiz insanlar, \u2018bir\u2019 oldu\u011funa inand\u0131klar\u0131 Allah\u2019a birtak\u0131m \u2018alt ilahlar\u2019 atfederek \u2018ortak\u2019 ko\u015farlard\u0131. Bu y\u00fczden, \u0130slamiyet\u2019in temel ament\u00fcs\u00fc, \u2018L\u00e2 ilahe illallah\u2019 diye ba\u015flar ve Allah ile kul aras\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir arac\u0131n\u0131n olmayaca\u011f\u0131 kabul\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6n \u015fart ko\u015far.<\/p>\n
Kur\u2019an\u2019da, Ankeb\u00fbt Suresi 17. ayette ge\u00e7en \u201cmin d\u00fbnill\u00e2hi\u201d ifadesi, dini \u00e7evrelerde \u00e7o\u011funlukla \u201cAllah\u2019tan ba\u015fka ilahlar\u201d \u015feklinde anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve ba\u015fka ilahlar var da Allah\u2019\u0131n di\u011fer ilahlardan biri oldu\u011fu bi\u00e7iminde inan\u0131\u015flara yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ifadede, Allah\u2019a ortak olabilecek ba\u015fka ilahlar de\u011fil, baz\u0131 insanlar\u0131n yar\u0131 ilah gibi g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri arac\u0131 insanlar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kastedilmektedir (1). Oysa bu ayette: \u2018Siz ancak, Allah ile aran\u0131za koyup putla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131za kulluk ediyor ve onlara as\u0131ls\u0131z nitelikler yak\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yorsunuz!\u2026\u2019 denilmek suretiyle, kendini \u2018Allah\u2019\u0131n madunu\/ast\u0131 ilahlar\u2019 gibi takdim eden insanlara ve onlara bilgisizce uyan insanlara i\u015faret edilmi\u015ftir (Allah daha iyi bilir).<\/p>\n
\u0130slamiyet\u2019in muhatab\u0131 -hi\u00e7bir arac\u0131ya gerek olmaks\u0131z\u0131n- do\u011frudan do\u011fruya birey olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, din hizmetleri \u00fczerinden \u00e7ok say\u0131da dinsel kurum ve makamlar tesis edilmi\u015ftir. \u0130slamc\u0131l\u0131k k\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u00e7e\u015fitli cemaat ve s\u00f6zde tarikatlar ile siyasal parti, dernek ve vak\u0131flar gibi adlarla \u00e7ok say\u0131da olu\u015fum, \u0130slamiyet\u2019i kendilerinin temsil ettiklerini iddia ediyor. Her biri, kendilerini dinin as\u0131l sahibi olarak g\u00f6rmekten dolay\u0131, \u015fiddetli bir i\u00e7 \u00e7eki\u015fme halindeler. Ancak, her biri \u015fimdilik, laik, mill\u00ee ve \u00fcniter devlet yap\u0131s\u0131 ile T\u00fcrkl\u00fck, Atat\u00fcrk ve cumhuriyet de\u011ferlerine kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u2018birle\u015fik cephe\u2019 takti\u011fi ile birlikte yol y\u00fcr\u00fcyorlar.<\/p>\n
Sonu\u00e7 olarak, Allah El\u00e7isi\u2019nin vefat\u0131n\u0131n sonras\u0131nda, cahiliye d\u00f6nemine mahsus g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ki\u015fileri yar\u0131 ilah g\u00f6rme alg\u0131s\u0131 yeniden hortlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu kitlesel hastal\u0131k, siyasal \u0130slamc\u0131l\u0131k ile daha \u00e7ok alevlendirildi. Allah\u2019\u0131n dini olan \u0130sl\u00e2miyet\u2019i, s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc ve \u015feytanla\u015fm\u0131\u015f ki\u015fi ve topluluklar\u0131n tahakk\u00fcm ve ellerinden ancak sosyolojik anlamda laiklik kurtar\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n Saadettin Merdin(2020): <\/strong>Cinler Ba\u011flam\u0131nda Teolojinin Mitolojiden Ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, Ankara Okulu Yay\u0131nlar\u0131: 341, Ankara<\/p>\n Allah\u2019\u0131n dini olan \u0130sl\u00e2miyet\u2019i, s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc ve \u015feytanla\u015fm\u0131\u015f ki\u015fi ve topluluklar\u0131n tahakk\u00fcm ve ellerinden ancak sosyolojik anlamda laiklik kurtar\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":187,"featured_media":18405,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[2952,994,301,293,2954,1411,276,929,1138,2953],"yoast_head":"\n\n