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Di\u011fer dinler ve mensuplar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fc<\/em> s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda, \u0130sl\u00e2m, di\u011fer dinlerin tarihleriyle k\u0131yasland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kesinlikle temiz ve beyazd\u0131r. \u015e\u00e2y\u00e2n-\u0131 \u015f\u00fckrand\u0131r ki ilk \u0130sl\u00e2m fetihlerinin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi\u011fi g\u00fcnlerden, Hristiyan veya Yahudi bir \u00e7ok g\u00f6rg\u00fc \u015fahidinin \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019\u0131n di\u011fer din mensuplar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fc hakk\u0131ndaki rivayetlerine s\u00e2hibiz.<\/p>\n Bilindi\u011fi gibi Hz. Muhammed (s.a.s.), ilk \u0130sl\u00e2m devletini Medine\u2019de kurmu\u015f ve oradaki Yahudiler ile Hristiyanlara s\u00fcrekli koruma ve ya\u015fama g\u00fcvencesi vermi\u015ftir. Daha sonra Mec\u00fbs\u00eeler, Sabi\u00eeler, Hindular, Budistler\u00a0ve gayr-i m\u00fcslim topluluklar \u0130sl\u00e2m egemenli\u011fi alt\u0131nda ya\u015famaya ba\u015flad\u0131klar\u0131nda, sil\u00e2h ta\u015f\u0131mamalar\u0131, bar\u0131\u015f\u0131 korumalar\u0131 ve \u0130sl\u00e2m korumas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda cizye<\/em> \u00f6demeleri \u015fart\u0131yla onlara da ayn\u0131 imtiyazlar tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[1]<\/a> Esasen Hz. Muhammed (s.a.s.) ve ilk halifeler, b\u00fct\u00fcn y\u00f6neticilerine, \u201cEgemenli\u011finiz alt\u0131nda bulundurdu\u011funuz insanlara ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fc ve iyilikle davranman\u0131z\u0131 emrediyorum\u201d demi\u015flerdir.[2]<\/a> D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc halife Ali b. Eb\u00ee T\u00e2lib\u2019in\u00a0M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019a atad\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u00e2lisi M\u00e2lik el-E\u015fter\u2019e verdi\u011fi \u015fu emir, \u0130sl\u00e2m k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnde, adalet ve ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn esas\u0131 olarak kabul edilmi\u015ftir: \u201c(\u0130ster m\u00fcsl\u00fcman olsun, ister olmas\u0131n) Kalbini halk\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 merhametli, \u015fefkatli ve ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fc olmaya al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Onlara kar\u015f\u0131 onlar\u0131 yalay\u0131p yutmak yeterlidir diyen a\u00e7g\u00f6zl\u00fc bir s\u0131\u011f\u0131r gibi olma; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc onlar iki s\u0131n\u0131ft\u0131r: Ya dinde karde\u015fin yahut da yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015fta senin gibi bir insan karde\u015findir…\u201d[3]<\/a><\/p>\n M\u00fcsl\u00fcman y\u00f6neticilerin ve halk\u0131n \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, tarih boyunca bu emir ve esaslara uymaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Ancak bu hususta her zaman ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olundu\u011fu da s\u00f6ylenemez; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc her din gibi \u0130sl\u00e2m da b\u00f6lgeler, toplumlar ve en \u00f6nemlisi bilginlerin elinde d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u201csistem\u201d a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, zaman zaman az da olsa asl\u00ee ve \u00f6z yap\u0131s\u0131ndan uzak b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunun i\u00e7indir ki her \u015feyden \u00f6nce onu, \u00e7o\u011fulculuk penceresinden asl\u00ee ve \u00f6z yap\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7inde yeniden tan\u0131mak, tan\u0131tmak ve yorumlamak zorunlulu\u011fu vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u0130sl\u00e2m, \u201cteslim etme, teslim olma, boyun e\u011fme, bar\u0131\u015fa ve huzura kavu\u015fma, huzur ve esenlik\u201d anlamlar\u0131na gelen Arap\u00e7a\u00a0bir kelimedir. Kur\u2019an<\/em>\u2019a g\u00f6re \u0130sl\u00e2m, b\u00fct\u00fcn peygamberlerin dinidir. \u00d6zellikle, bir \u00e7ok yerde \u0130brah\u00eem<\/em>\u00a0Din\u00ee<\/em>\u00a0olarak an\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bir yerde de Hz. Musa\u2019y\u0131 takip eden Yahudi\u00a0(\u0130srail) peygamberlerinden, <\/strong>\u201c…kendisini Allah\u2019a teslim etmi\u015f peygamberler…<\/em>(en-nebiyyune\u2019llez\u00eene eslem\u00fb…)\u201d olarak s\u00f6z edilmi\u015ftir.[4]<\/a> Kur-an<\/em>, \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019\u0131n insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n do\u011fal din\u00ee (religio naturalis) ve bu do\u011fal (tabi\u00ee) dinin, d\u00eenu\u2019l-f\u0131tra<\/em> (f\u0131trat din\u00ee) veya yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f dini oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yler.[5]<\/a> B\u00fct\u00fcn insanl\u0131k, istisnas\u0131z Allah taraf\u0131ndan bu din \u00fczerinde yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Allah bu tabi\u00ee dini, b\u00fct\u00fcn insanl\u0131k i\u00e7in se\u00e7mi\u015ftir.[6]<\/a> Buna g\u00f6re bir M\u00fcsl\u00fcman<\/i><\/span>, Allah ile ve insan ile bar\u0131\u015f yapm\u0131\u015f ve bili\u015f tutmu\u015f biridir. Allah ile bar\u0131\u015f yapmak demek O\u2019nun Emrine ve \u0130r\u00e2desi\u2019ne mutlak teslim olmad\u0131r; insan ile bar\u0131\u015f yapmak ise, sadece ba\u015fkalar\u0131na k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck etmek ve onlar\u0131 incitmekten ka\u00e7\u0131nma de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda onlara iyilikle davranma ve iyilik yapma demektir.<\/p>\n Bu husus Kur\u2019an<\/em>\u2019da \u015f\u00f6ylece ifade edilir:[7]<\/a><\/p>\n \u201cHay\u0131r, \u00f6yle de\u011fil; iyilik yaparak kendini Allah\u2019a veren kimsenin ecri Rabbi\u2019nin kat\u0131ndad\u0131r. Onlara korku yoktur, onlar \u00fcz\u00fclmeyeceklerdir\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n Asl\u0131nda bar\u0131\u015f ve esenlik<\/em>, \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019da h\u00e2kim fikirdir ve \u0130sl\u00e2m’\u0131n g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi hedef, \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ama\u00e7 \u201cesenlik yurdu<\/em>\u201d (d\u00e2ru\u2019s-sel\u00e2m)\u2019dur.[8]<\/a> B\u00f6ylece \u0130sl\u00e2m, \u00f6z\u00fc itibariyle bir bar\u0131\u015f ve esenlik dinidir ve \u201cbu, bir kimsenin bedeni ve ruhu itibariyle ger\u00e7ek bir huzur ve bar\u0131\u015fa erebilmesi, sadece Allah\u2019a teslimiyet ve itaat ile m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilece\u011fini g\u00f6sterir. \u0130taat ve teslimiyetten ibaret b\u00f6ylesi bir hayat, kalp huzurunu getirir ve geni\u015f anlamda da toplumda bar\u0131\u015f ve huzur sa\u011flar\u201d.[9]<\/a><\/p>\n Esasen insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n tabi\u00ee (f\u0131trat), bar\u0131\u015f ve esenlik din\u00ee olan \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019\u0131n temel esaslar\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fk\u00eel eden tevh\u00eed, \u0130l\u00e2h\u00ee vahyin evrenselli\u011fi ve b\u00fct\u00fcn i\u015flerin hesab\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fclece\u011fi bir \u00e2hiret hayat\u0131<\/em>, b\u00fct\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fck dinler taraf\u0131ndan kabul edilir ve bunlar\u0131n evrensel kabul\u00fc de onun insan\u0131n yarad\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131na t\u0131pat\u0131p uygun oldu\u011funu ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu esaslar\u0131n do\u011frulu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir. \u0130sl\u00e2m, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n dininin bu \u00fc\u00e7 esas\u0131 \u00fczerindeki her t\u00fcrl\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131r ve onlara, insanl\u0131k kadar geni\u015f ve \u015f\u00fcmull\u00fc bir \u00f6nem verir.[10]<\/a><\/p>\n Bu anlamda \u0130sl\u00e2m, evrenseldir ve b\u00fct\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fck dinlerin sonuncusudur. \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019\u0131n evrenselli\u011fi, bizzat Kur\u2019an<\/em> taraf\u0131ndan da teyid edilmi\u015ftir. O sadece sonuncu de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda, kendinden \u00f6nce gelmi\u015f b\u00fct\u00fcn dinleri b\u00fcnyesinde toplam\u0131\u015f olan bir dindir.<\/p>\n Esasen Kur\u2019an<\/em>\u2019a g\u00f6re Allah, her devirde ve her topluma Allah\u2019\u0131n birli\u011fini tebli\u011f etmek ve onlara O\u2019nun il\u00e2h\u00ee mesaj\u0131n\u0131 bildirmek \u00fczere peygamberler g\u00f6ndermi\u015ftir.Bundan dolay\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlardan sadece Kur\u2019an<\/em>\u2019a de\u011fil, Allah\u2019\u0131n kitaplar\u0131n\u0131n hepsine inanmas\u0131 istenir. Bu konuda Prof. Gibb\u00a0der ki: \u201cTanr\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Kitaplar\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131 \u0130l\u00e2h\u00ee vahiy eseridir. Hepsi de birbirine benzeyen bu dinlere inan\u0131lmal\u0131 ve kabul edilmelidir; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc onlar\u0131n hepsi de birbirini teyid eder ve \u00f6zellikle Kur\u2019an<\/em>, kendinden \u00f6ncekileri teyid etmekle kalmaz, son vahiy oldu\u011fundan b\u00fct\u00fcn belirsizlikleri ve yanl\u0131\u015flar\u0131 d\u00fczeltir ve bu bak\u0131mdan k\u00e2m\u00eel hakikat\u0131n mahzenidir\u201d.[11]<\/a><\/p>\n B\u00f6ylece Kur\u2019an<\/em>\u2019da daha ba\u015ftan denir ki bir M\u00fcsl\u00fcman mutlaka \u201c…sana indirilen Kit\u00e2b\u2019a da, senden \u00f6nce indirilenlere de inan\u0131rlar…\u201d<\/em>.[12]<\/a> Biraz sonra da eklenir:<\/p>\n \u201cAllah\u2019a, bize g\u00f6nderilene, \u0130brahim\u2019e, \u0130sm\u00e2il\u2019e, \u0130sh\u00e2k\u2019a, Ya\u2019k\u00fbb\u2019a ve torunlar\u0131na g\u00f6nderilene, M\u00fbs\u00e2\u00a0ve \u0130s\u00e2<\/em>\u2019ya verilene, Rableri taraf\u0131ndan peygamberlere verilene, onlar\u0131 birbirinden ay\u0131rt etmeyerek inand\u0131k, biz O\u2019na teslim olanlar\u0131z deyin\u201d.<\/em>[13]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n \u201cPeygamber ve inananlar, ona Rabbinden indirilene inand\u0131. Hepsi Allah\u2019a, meleklerine, kitaplar\u0131na, peygamberlerine inand\u0131. \u201cPeygamberleri aras\u0131ndan hi\u00e7birini ay\u0131rdetmeyiz, i\u015fittik, it\u00e2at ettik. Rabbimiz! Aff\u0131n\u0131 dileriz, d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f Sana\u2019d\u0131r\u201d dediler\u201d..<\/em>[14]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n G\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor ki bir M\u00fcsl\u00fcman sadece Peygamber Hz. Muhammed\u00a0(s.a.s.)\u2019e de\u011fil, di\u011fer peygamberlere de inan\u0131r. Kur\u2019an<\/em>\u2019a g\u00f6re peygamberler, b\u00fct\u00fcn toplumlara g\u00f6nderilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n \u201c…Ge\u00e7mi\u015f her millet i\u00e7inde de mutlaka bir uyar\u0131c\u0131 (peygamber) buluna gelmi\u015ftir\u201d<\/em>.<\/strong>[15]<\/a><\/p>\n Ger\u00e7i Kur\u2019an<\/em>, b\u00fct\u00fcn peygamberlerin isimlerini anmaz; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u201c…senden \u00f6nce bir \u00e7ok peygamberler g\u00f6nderdik; sana onlar\u0131n kimini anlatt\u0131k, kimini anlatmad\u0131k…\u201d<\/em>[16]<\/a> der; ama o, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlardan sadece Hz. Muhammed\u00a0(s.a.s.)\u2019e de\u011fil, di\u011fer b\u00fct\u00fcn peygamberlere g\u00f6nderilmi\u015f olan \u0130l\u00e2hi Vahye de inanmalar\u0131n\u0131 ister.[17]<\/a><\/p>\n Buna g\u00f6re bir Yahudi, sadece \u0130srail o\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131n peygamberlerine; bir Hristiyan \u0130s\u00e2-Mes\u00eehe; bir Budist Buda\u2019ya; bir Mecus\u00ee Mecus\u2019a (Zoroaster); bir Hindu Hindistan\u2019da do\u011fan peygamberlere inan\u0131r; ama bir M\u00fcsl\u00fcman, b\u00fct\u00fcn bu peygamberlere ve peygamberlerin sonuncusu olan Hz. Muhammed\u00a0(s.a.s.)\u2019e inan\u0131r. Bundan dolay\u0131 \u0130sl\u00e2m, i\u00e7inde b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnya dinlerinin mevcut oldu\u011fu, b\u00fct\u00fcn dinleri ihtiva eden bir dindir. \u201cSon ve her inanca \u015f\u00e2mil bir din olu\u015funa ek olarak o, \u0130l\u00e2hi \u0130rade\u2019nin m\u00fckemmel bir izah\u0131d\u0131r. Nitekim Kur\u2019an<\/em>, \u2018…Bug\u00fcn, size dininizi b\u00fct\u00fcnledim, \u00fczerinize olan nimetimi tamamlad\u0131m, din olarak sizin i\u00e7in \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019\u0131 be\u011fendim…\u2019<\/em>[18]<\/a> der. \u0130drakin di\u011fer her cinsi gibi, insan\u0131n dini idrak ve geli\u015fmesi de y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyu yava\u015f yava\u015f ve tedricen geli\u015fme g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir ve o Y\u00fcce Hakikat\u2019\u0131n vahyi de kem\u00e2lini \u0130sl\u00e2m’da bulmu\u015ftur. Nitekim Hz. \u0130s\u00e2\u2019n\u0131n \u015fu s\u00f6zleri, bu b\u00fcy\u00fck ger\u00e7e\u011fe i\u015faret eder: \u2018Sizlere s\u00f6yleyecek daha \u00e7ok s\u00f6z\u00fcm var; ancak sizler hen\u00fcz onlar\u0131 y\u00fcklenebilecek d\u00fczeyde de\u011filsiniz. Bununla birlikte, o, Hakikat\u0131n Ruhu, geldi\u011finde, sizi b\u00fct\u00fcn ger\u00e7e\u011fe g\u00f6t\u00fcrecek, size \u00f6nderlik edecektir.\u2019<\/em>[19]<\/a><\/p>\n Bunun i\u00e7indir ki, \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6revi, d\u00fcnyada b\u00fct\u00fcn dinlerin karde\u015fli\u011fini kurarak bar\u0131\u015f\u0131 sa\u011flamak ve daha \u00f6nceki dinlerde var olan b\u00fct\u00fcn din\u00ee ger\u00e7ekleri bir araya getirmektir…\u201d.[20]<\/a><\/p>\n Esasen Allah, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmaktad\u0131r: \u201cKitap ehlinden zulmedenler bir yana, onlarla en g\u00fczel \u015fekilde tart\u0131\u015f\u0131n ve \u015f\u00f6yle deyin: Bize indirilene de, size indirilene de inand\u0131k; bizim Tanr\u0131m\u0131z da, sizin Tanr\u0131n\u0131z da birdir, biz O\u2019na teslim olmu\u015fuzdur\u201d.<\/em>[21]<\/a> Bu ise, \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019\u0131n Ehl-i Kitab\u2019\u0131 bir ve ayn\u0131 din\u00ee karde\u015f olarak kabul etti\u011finin ifadesidir. Bu bak\u0131mdan Kur\u2019an<\/em>\u2019\u0131n ana konular\u0131ndan birinin, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n evrensel karde\u015fli\u011fine davet oldu\u011fu hususu belirtilmelidir.Kur\u2019an<\/em> der ki: \u201cEy insanlar! Do\u011frusu Biz sizleri bir erkekle bir di\u015fiden yaratt\u0131k. Sizi milletler ve kabileler haline koyduk ki birbirinizi kolayca tan\u0131yas\u0131n\u0131z. \u015e\u00fcphesiz, Allah kat\u0131nda en de\u011ferliniz, O\u2019na kar\u015f\u0131 gelmekten en \u00e7ok sak\u0131nan\u0131zd\u0131r…\u201d<\/em>[22]<\/a> Bu \u00e2yetteki hitap,dikkat edilirse, \u201cinananlar\u201d de\u011fil, b\u00fct\u00fcn \u201cinsanlar\u201dd\u0131r.Onlar\u0131n bir ailenin bireyleri olduklar\u0131 ve milletler, kabileler ve aileler halindeki ayr\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131, birbirlerinden so\u011fumalar\u0131na ve uzakla\u015fmalar\u0131na ya da d\u00fc\u015fmanca duygular ta\u015f\u0131malar\u0131na sebep olmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu geni\u015f karde\u015flik d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda birinin di\u011ferine \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, milliyet, zenginlik, r\u00fctbe ve benzeri \u015feylere de\u011fil, sadece ahl\u00e2k\u00ee y\u00fcceli\u011fe dayanmal\u0131d\u0131r ve dayan\u0131r; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc b\u00fct\u00fcn insanl\u0131k, ayn\u0131 kaynaktan gelmi\u015ftir ve g\u00f6revimiz, s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z e\u015fitlik temellerine dayal\u0131 iyilik, g\u00fczellik, ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fc ve dayan\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmektir.<\/p>\n Durum bu kadar a\u00e7\u0131k ve olumlu bir a\u00e7\u0131dan ortaya konmu\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, Orta\u00e7a\u011f’da, b\u00fcy\u00fck dinlerin mensuplar\u0131n\u0131n birbirleri hakk\u0131nda sahip olduklar\u0131 kanaat, birbirleriyle temaslar\u0131 ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 tutumlar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan maalesef pek i\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131c\u0131 olmayan sayfalar\u0131na da rastlan\u0131r. \u015e\u00fcphesiz bunda, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 olarak bilgi noksanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nemli rol oynad\u0131. Uzunca bir s\u00fcre \u0130sl\u00e2m, Hristiyan ve Yahudilik taraf\u0131ndan uydurma bir din olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc ve g\u00f6sterildi. Hz. Muhammed (s.a.s.)\u2019i peygamber olarak tan\u0131mak \u015f\u00f6yle dursun, onun f\u0131rsat\u00e7\u0131, sar\u2019al\u0131, \u015fair ve sihirbaz oldu\u011fu; getirdi\u011fi dinin de vahiy eseri de\u011fil, Tevrat<\/em>\u00a0ve \u0130ncil<\/em>\u2019den al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f yanl\u0131\u015f ve yalan bilgilerle dolu bulundu\u011fu ve \u00fcstelik bu dinin bir \u015fiddet din\u00ee oldu\u011fu; k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7la yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131; \u00f6zellikle cinsel a\u00e7\u0131dan ahl\u00e2ki zaaf g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi; k\u0131saca bu dinin \u015feytan\u0131n temsilcisi oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar da Musev\u00eeler\u00a0ve Hristiyanlar\u0131n kendilerine g\u00f6nderilen vahiylerden sap\u0131p Kur\u2019an-\u0131 Ker\u00eem<\/em>\u2019in ayetleriyle a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f yanl\u0131\u015f ve bo\u015f akideleri ileri s\u00fcrd\u00fcklerine ve b\u00f6ylece k\u00fcfre d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcklerine, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla inan\u00e7lar\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir do\u011fru ve hak bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na inand\u0131lar.[23]<\/a> Onun i\u00e7in onlarla birlikte ve bir arada ya\u015fanamaz; dost tutulmazlar, kanaatine sahip oldular. B\u00f6ylece kendi dinini \u00fcst\u00fcn k\u0131lmak i\u00e7in, di\u011fer dinleri k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck g\u00f6rmek ve onlar\u0131 tezy\u00eef etmek, o d\u00f6nemlerin vazge\u00e7ilmez do\u011frular\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc.[24]<\/a><\/p>\n Elbette kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 olarak bu iddialar\u0131n hi\u00e7biri, bug\u00fcn, objektif bir tarih\u00e7i veya din bilgini taraf\u0131ndan kabul edilmemektedir; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ileti\u015fimin her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn h\u0131zla geli\u015fme kaydetmesi sonucu de\u011fi\u015fik dinlere mensup ki\u015filer aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiler, bu insanlar\u0131 di\u011fer dinleri oldu\u011fu kadar kendi dinlerini de incelemeye ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131 d\u00fczeltmeye sevk etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Art\u0131k bug\u00fcn bilgi toplumunun en geni\u015f ve zengin imk\u00e2nlar\u0131 ile donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f insanlar\u0131n ula\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 medeniyet seviyesinde, inan\u00e7lar\u0131yla da bir arada ya\u015faman\u0131n s\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 ve imk\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131 bulmalar\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz bir ger\u00e7ekliktir. Bunun i\u00e7in her\u015feyden \u00f6nce insanlar\u0131n, kendi dinlerini asl\u00ee ve \u00f6z yap\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7inde tan\u0131mak ve tan\u0131tmak zorunlulu\u011fu vard\u0131r. Bu yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve yap\u0131labildi\u011fi takdirde, farkl\u0131 dinler ve mensuplar\u0131, her bir dinde mutlaka pek \u00e7ok do\u011frular\u0131n mevcut oldu\u011funu kabul edecek; birbirine g\u00f6re \u00fcst\u00fcn de\u011fil e\u015fit bireyler olarak birlikte ya\u015faman\u0131n pekal\u00e2 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funu apa\u00e7\u0131k g\u00f6receklerdir.<\/p>\n \u015euras\u0131 unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r ki, b\u00fct\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fck dinler i\u00e7in esas olan, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n evrensel bir bar\u0131\u015f, dayan\u0131\u015fma ve dostluk i\u00e7inde, hak, hukuk, adalet ve n\u00eemetlerin payla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00fcnyada Tanr\u0131\u2019n\u0131n y\u00fcceli\u011fini duyarak ya\u015famalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n [1]<\/a> Geni\u015f bilgi i\u00e7in bk.: Philip K.Hitti, History of the Arabs<\/em>, Hong Kong: Mac Millan Pub.Ltd. 1970(10.ed.),pp. 233 ff.; W.M.Watt, Muhammad at Madina<\/em>, Oxford: Oxford U.P 1972,<\/p>\n pp,244-246; Claude Cahen, “Dhimma”, Encyclopeadia of Islam<\/em> (2nd.ed),pp.227 ff.; ayn\u0131<\/p>\n yazar, “Djizya”, EI2, pp. 559 ff.; M.Hamidullah, Introduction to Islam<\/em>, Kuwait<\/p>\n :International Islamic Federeration of Student Org., 1970, pp.171 ff.<\/p>\n [2]<\/a> A.S. Tritton, “Islam and the Protected Religions”, J.R.A.S.<\/em> (1931), pp.311 ff.<\/p>\n [3]<\/a> \u0130mam Ali \u0130bn Abu Talib, Nahjul Balagha<\/em>-Peak of Eloquence<\/em>, New York: Tahrike Tarsile Qur’an, Inc.,1985, pp. 534-535.<\/p>\n [4]<\/a> 5.M\u00e2ide, 44.<\/p>\n [5]<\/a> 30. R\u00fbm, 30. Bu konuda ayr\u0131ca bk.: Ismil R. al-Faruqi, “Islam and Other Faiths”, The Challenge of Islam,<\/em> ed.by.A.Gauhar, London; Islamic Council of Europe, 1978, pp.92 ff.<\/p>\n [6]<\/a> 2. Bakara,132.<\/p>\n [7]<\/a> 2. Bakara,112.<\/p>\n [8]<\/a> 10.Y\u00fbnus, 25: “Allah kullar\u0131n\u0131 esenlik yurduna \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131r ve O, diledi\u011fini do\u011fru yola\u00a0eri\u015ftirir\u201d<\/em>.<\/p>\n [9]<\/a> Khurshid Ahmad, “Islam: Basic Principles and Message<\/em>, ed.by, Khursid Ahmad, London: Islamic Council of Europe, 1975, p.27.<\/p>\n [10]<\/a> Kr\u015f. M.M.Ali, The Holy Qur’an<\/em>, U.S.A.(Chicago): Speciality Promotions Co. Inc., 1973, p. 780, n. 1937<\/p>\n [11]<\/a> Kr\u015f. Muhammadanism<\/em>, New York:Mentor, n.d.,pp. 59-60<\/p>\n [12]<\/a> 2. Bakara,4.<\/p>\n [13]<\/a> 2. Bakara,136.<\/p>\n [14]<\/a> 2. Bakara, 285.<\/p>\n [15]<\/a> 35. F\u00e2t\u0131r, 24.<\/p>\n [16]<\/a> 40. M\u00fc’min, 78.<\/p>\n [17]<\/a> Mls.kr\u015f.: 2. Bakara, 177,285.<\/p>\n [18]<\/a> 5. M\u00e2ide, 3.<\/p>\n [19]<\/a> John,16:12,13.<\/p>\n [20]<\/a> Maulana Muhammad Ali, The Religion of Islam<\/em>, Lahose: Rigon Printing Press Ltd. 1971, p.4.<\/p>\n [21]<\/a> 29. Ankeb\u00fbt, 46.<\/p>\n [22]<\/a> 49. Hucur\u00e2t, 13.<\/p>\n [23]<\/a> Mls.kr\u015f.: N.Daniel, Islam and the West: The Making of an Image<\/em>, Edinburgh, 1960; W.M. Watt, The Influence of Islam on Medieval Europe<\/em>, Edinburgh, 1972, \u00f6zellikle, ss, 72-77.<\/p>\n