{"id":2897,"date":"2018-07-24T19:30:57","date_gmt":"2018-07-24T16:30:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/misak.millidusunce.com\/?p=2897"},"modified":"2018-07-24T12:59:47","modified_gmt":"2018-07-24T09:59:47","slug":"gazi-pasanin-yakin-cevresinden-bir-grup-nicin-lozana-red-oyu-vermisti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/gazi-pasanin-yakin-cevresinden-bir-grup-nicin-lozana-red-oyu-vermisti\/","title":{"rendered":"GAZ\u0130 PA\u015eA\u2019NIN YAKIN \u00c7EVRES\u0130NDEN B\u0130R GRUP N\u0130\u00c7\u0130N LOZAN\u2019A RED OYU VERM\u0130\u015eT\u0130\u2026[*]"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Lozan Antla\u015fmas\u0131 24 Temmuz 1923<\/h2>\n
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  1. \n

    Lozan Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019nda hangi konular g\u00fcndeme gelmi\u015f ve hangilerinde antla\u015fma sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Lozan\u2019da s\u0131n\u0131r meseleleri, uyrukluk, n\u00fcfus m\u00fcbadelesi, az\u0131nl\u0131klar, harp esirleri, kapit\u00fclasyonlar d\u00e2hil yabanc\u0131lara uygulanacak rejim,\u00a0 Bo\u011fazlar rejimi ile Osmanl\u0131 bor\u00e7lar\u0131 d\u00e2hil ekonomik ve mali i\u015fler g\u00fcndeme gelmi\u015ftir. Yeni T\u00fcrk devletinin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n daha Cumhuriyet rejimi kurulmadan uluslararas\u0131 camiada tescil edilmesi ile siyasi, ekonomik, adli, mali ve iktisadi her sahada istiklalimize ket vuran kapit\u00fclasyonlar\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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    1. \n

      Antla\u015fma konular\u0131ndan hangileri T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin lehine hangileri aleyhine olacak \u015fekilde imzalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      T\u00fcrkiye topraklar\u0131nda bir Ermenistan kurulmas\u0131n\u0131n Lozan\u2019da asla g\u00fcndeme getirilememesi ve siyasi ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6lgeleyen kapit\u00fclasyonlar ile D\u00fcyun-\u0131 Umumiye rejimine son verilmesi T\u00fcrkiye a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kesinlikle ba\u015far\u0131d\u0131r. M\u00fcttefiklerin, az\u0131nl\u0131k vatanda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n bedel vererek fiilen askerlik yapmamalar\u0131 gibi ma\u015feri vicdan\u0131 sarsan imtiyaz taleplerinin kabul edilmemesi olumlu bir di\u011fer sonu\u00e7tur.<\/p>\n

      Di\u011fer taraftan Musul meselesi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme kavu\u015fturulamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Daha do\u011frusu \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra istedi\u011fi mecraya sokulabilecek bir hale konmu\u015ftur. Bo\u011fazlar\u0131n askersizle\u015ftirilmesi ve Uluslararas\u0131 Bo\u011fazlar Komisyonu gibi T\u00fcrk h\u00fck\u00fcmranl\u0131k haklar\u0131n\u0131 zedeleyen hususlar 1936 y\u0131l\u0131nda Montreux ile giderilmi\u015ftir. Yine Bulgaristan ve Yunanistan s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 30 kilometrelik hatt\u0131n askersizle\u015ftirilmesi h\u00fckm\u00fc de 1930\u2019lu y\u0131llar\u0131n sonras\u0131nda kald\u0131r\u0131labilmi\u015ftir. Yunanistan\u2019dan sebep oldu\u011fu a\u011f\u0131r y\u0131k\u0131m kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 uygun bir harp tazminat\u0131 al\u0131namad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek de m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bat\u0131 Trakya\u2019da b\u00f6lgenin gelece\u011fi i\u00e7in halk oylamas\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki tezimiz ise ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilememi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

      Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 \u00f6ncesi paras\u0131n\u0131 pe\u015fin olarak \u00f6dedi\u011fimiz iki z\u0131rhl\u0131ya ait mebla\u011f\u0131 art\u0131k talep etmeyece\u011fimizi taahh\u00fct etmemiz de bizim a\u00e7\u0131m\u0131zdan \u00f6dedi\u011fimiz bedellerden birisi say\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.\"\"<\/p>\n

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      1. \n

        D\u00f6nem d\u00f6nem \u201cLozan bir zaferdir\/hezimettir\u201d tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131yor. Lozan\u2019da direndiklerimiz, direnemediklerimiz… Bir tarafta Bat\u0131 Trakya\u2019n\u0131n, 12 adan\u0131n, Misak-\u0131 Milli d\u00e2hilindeki Musul-Kerk\u00fck\u2019\u00fcn kaybedilmesi, Patrikhane, bor\u00e7lar gibi meseleler di\u011fer tarafta ise kapit\u00fclasyonlar, Hatay\u2019\u0131n ileride al\u0131nmas\u0131, az\u0131nl\u0131klar gibi meseleleri ve Milli M\u00fccadeleyi de g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunduracak olursak bu antla\u015fma ne tarafa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Bu antla\u015fman\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir zafer veya hezimet diye alg\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131n ideolojik bir bak\u0131\u015f\u0131 yans\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 san\u0131yorum. O g\u00fcnk\u00fc \u015fartlar i\u00e7inde ba\u015far\u0131 belgesi olarak ele al\u0131nmas\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015f olmaz. Lozan\u2019\u0131n ne getirip g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Milli M\u00fccadele\u2019nin hemen \u00f6ncesi ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bat\u0131 Trakya, Musul ve Kerk\u00fck\u2019\u00fcn kayb\u0131 elbette tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmal\u0131 ve konu\u015fulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Nitekim bunlar ilk ve ikinci Meclis\u2019te tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Nisan 1923\u2019te Milli M\u00fccadeleyi y\u00fcr\u00fctm\u00fc\u015f ilk Meclis\u2019in kendini feshederek se\u00e7imlere gitme karar\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n sebeplerinin birisi Lozan\u2019\u0131 onaylama ihtimalinin pek olmay\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. \u00dcyelerinin tamam\u0131 bir iki istisna ile Gazi Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n tasvibi ile se\u00e7ilmi\u015f ikinci Meclis\u2019te aralar\u0131nda Yahya Kemal, \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Kaya, Mustafa Necati ve K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 Ali\u2019nin de bulundu\u011fu bir grup Lozan\u2019\u0131 a\u011f\u0131r \u015fekilde ele\u015ftirmi\u015f ve kabul oyu vermemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

        Ama T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 daha Birinci D\u00fcnya Harbi \u00f6ncesinde neredeyse pamuk ipli\u011fi ile olan ve Mondros M\u00fctarekesi esnas\u0131nda art\u0131k terk etmi\u015f oldu\u011fumuz Arap vilayetlerimizi, fiilen daha 1878\u2019de \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin eline ge\u00e7mi\u015f K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131, 1911\u2019de Trablusgarp Harbini kaybetti\u011fimiz i\u00e7in \u0130talyanlar\u0131n eline ge\u00e7en 12 Adalar\u0131 ve 1914 y\u0131l\u0131nda B\u00fcy\u00fck Devletlerin karar\u0131 ile Yunanistan\u2019a verilen Ege Adalar\u0131n\u0131 Lozan\u2019da kaybetti\u011fimizi s\u00f6ylemek do\u011fru de\u011fildir. Ancak Arap vilayetleri hari\u00e7 daha \u00f6nceki di\u011fer kay\u0131plar\u0131m\u0131z Lozan\u2019da teyit edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

        Sonu\u00e7 olarak Lozan\u2019\u0131n her iki taraf i\u00e7in kesin zafer olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 tavizlerle bir uzla\u015fma metni oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz.<\/p>\n

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        1. \n

          Lozan antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n bizim i\u00e7in \u00f6nemi nedir?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Lozan bizim i\u00e7in imparatorlu\u011fun son d\u00f6neminde istiklalimizi vesayet alt\u0131na sokan adli, iktisadi ve mali kapit\u00fclasyonlara son vererek devletimizi b\u00fct\u00fcn cihana ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir devlet olarak tan\u0131tm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ama Lozan\u2019\u0131n Bo\u011fazlar ile a\u011f\u0131r tahditlerinin ise 13 y\u0131l sonra diplomatik bir ba\u015far\u0131 ile Montreux\u2019de kald\u0131r\u0131labildi\u011fini hat\u0131rlamal\u0131y\u0131z. Lozan\u2019\u0131n Bat\u0131 Trakya i\u00e7in kurdu\u011fu stat\u00fcn\u00fcn zaman i\u00e7inde a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve y\u00fczde 80\u2019leri te\u015fkil eden T\u00fcrk varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131k y\u00fczde 20\u2019ye indi\u011fi ba\u015fka bir olgudur. Ama bunun sebebini, andla\u015fman\u0131n \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u015fartlar\u0131 tesis ettiremeyen siyasetlerde aramak daha isabetli olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Dahas\u0131 neredeyse art\u0131k neredeyse \u00fcreme niteli\u011fini yitirmi\u015f soyda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n kendi yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bo\u015fluklar ba\u015fka bir konudur.<\/p>\n

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          1. \n

            Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Erdo\u011fan, Yunanistan ziyareti ve \u00e7e\u015fitli d\u00f6nemlerde Lozan Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fcncelleme yap\u0131labilece\u011fini belirtmi\u015fti. Lozan\u2019la ilgili g\u00fcncelleme yap\u0131labilir mi? Bu g\u00fcncelleme hangi maddelerde olabilir? (Az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131, Patrikhane, Bo\u011fazlar?)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            Bo\u011fazlar rejimi konusu hari\u00e7 di\u011fer konularda hak ve \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131m\u0131zla uyumlu tashihler d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir. Bo\u011fazlardaki mevcut stat\u00fc 1\"\"9. y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca Osmanl\u0131 diplomasisinin uzun u\u011fra\u015flar sonucu ula\u015fmak istedi\u011fi bir stat\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bu stat\u00fc her hal ve k\u00e2rda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin mutlak olarak lehinedir.\u00a0 Bu stat\u00fc \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 \u00f6ncesinde bizim i\u00e7in \u00e7ok elveri\u015fli uluslararas\u0131 ortamda per\u00e7inlenmi\u015ftir. Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc konjonkt\u00fcrde Montreux\u2019den daha elveri\u015fli \u015fartlar tesis etme ihtimalimiz bulunmuyor. Mevcut stat\u00fcn\u00fcn reddi, bizi imzac\u0131s\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z 1982 BM\u00a0 Deniz Hukuku S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr. Bu ise a\u00e7\u0131k olarak geriye gidi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

             <\/p>\n

            Az\u0131nl\u0131k okullar\u0131, Patrikhane ile ilgili d\u00fczenlemeler yap\u0131labilir. Ama bu d\u00fczenlemeleri Lozan\u2019\u0131n imzac\u0131 t\u00fcm taraflar\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcdahil ettirmeden ilgili \u00fclke ile kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 r\u0131za ve tatmin ile yapma \u00e7areleri bulunmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bunlar i\u00e7in Lozan\u2019\u0131 revize ediyoruz diye ilan etmeye gerek yoktur. Zaten revize edilebilecek Patrikhane gibi baz\u0131 konular Lozan Andla\u015fmas\u0131 ve di\u011fer m\u00fctemmim dok\u00fcmanlarda bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Bu gibi konular 1930\u2019lu y\u0131llarda yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi d\u00fczeltilebilir. Ama T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi yay\u0131lmac\u0131 ve b\u00f6lgede n\u00fcfuz alan\u0131 kurmakla su\u00e7layan \u00f6nyarg\u0131 sahiplerine aray\u0131p da bulamayacaklar\u0131 arg\u00fcmanlar\u0131 sunmak isabetli olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

            <\/a>*Anadolu Ajans\u0131’n\u0131n yazar\u0131m\u0131z Do\u00e7. Dr. Hasip Sayg\u0131l\u0131 Hocam\u0131zla Lozan’\u0131n 95. y\u0131l d\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc dolay\u0131s\u0131yla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 r\u00f6portajd\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            Lozan’\u0131n 95. y\u0131l\u0131nda M\u0130SAK Yazar\u0131 Do\u00e7. Dr. Hasip Sayg\u0131l\u0131 Hocam\u0131z, Anadolu Ajans\u0131’n\u0131n kritik sorular\u0131na cevap veriyor. Lozan’\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131 hanemize yaz\u0131lacak y\u00f6nleri nelerdir? Ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z, gecikerek elde ettiklerimiz ve tamamen yitirdiklerimiz.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":2904,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_ef_editorial_meta_date_first-draft-date":"","_ef_editorial_meta_paragraph_assignment":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[2,66,69],"tags":[],"coauthors":[26],"class_list":["post-2897","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel","category-siyaset-tarih","category-yakin-cografya"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2897","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2897"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2897\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2904"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2897"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2897"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2897"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=2897"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}