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\u201c\u00d6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131 \u015fiddet k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn bir belirtisidir,\u00a0 bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm de\u011fildir.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n \u201cThe death penalty is a symptom of a culture of violence, not a solution to it.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n Amnesty International<\/em><\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye, idam\u0131 kald\u0131rd\u0131ktan sonra geri getirmeyi tart\u0131\u015fan az say\u0131daki \u00fclkeden biri konumundad\u0131r. Tart\u0131\u015fmalar 15 Temmuz 2016’daki darbe giri\u015fimi sonras\u0131nda ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan’\u0131n 16 Temmuz sabah\u0131nda Atat\u00fcrk Havaliman\u0131’nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fma “idam isteriz”<\/em> sloganlar\u0131yla kesilmi\u015f, Erdo\u011fan sonraki g\u00fcnlerde TBMM’nin idam cezas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik bir yasa \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131 durumunda kendisinin bunu onaylayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. MHP lideri Devlet Bah\u00e7eli<\/em>‘nin de idam konusundaki \u201cAKP haz\u0131rsa MHP d\u00fcnden vard\u0131r”<\/em> a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 \u00fczerine idam konusu \u00fclkenin g\u00fcndemine girmi\u015ftir. O d\u00f6nemde AK Parti ile MHP’nin TBMM’deki sandalye say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n toplam\u0131 b\u00f6yle bir de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmasa da,\u00a0 teklifi halkoylamas\u0131na g\u00f6t\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in yeterliydi. Fakat her iki parti de bu ad\u0131m\u0131 atmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Erdo\u011fan, Hakkari\u2019de ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131nda \u015fehit edilen asker e\u015fi Nurcan Karakaya<\/em> ve 11 ayl\u0131k bebe\u011fi Mustafa Bedirhan Karayaka<\/em>\u2019n\u0131n Sivas\u2019ta d\u00fczenlenen cenaze t\u00f6reninde idam beklentileri i\u00e7in\u00a0 “Parlamentodan ge\u00e7ti\u011fi anda onaylar\u0131m. Bunun i\u00e7in de ataca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ad\u0131mlar yak\u0131nd\u0131r”<\/em>\u00a0 diyerek g\u00fcndemden d\u00fc\u015fen idam konusunu yeniden tart\u0131\u015fmaya a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00a0Ter\u00f6ristlerin idam edilmesiyle sorun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclemez.<\/em> \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ABD\u2019de idam\u0131n oldu\u011fu eyaletlerde idam cezas\u0131 olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen 1990-2016 y\u0131llar\u0131nda idaml\u0131k su\u00e7larda bir azalma olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130dam cezas\u0131n\u0131n insanlar\u0131 su\u00e7 i\u015flemekten cayd\u0131r\u0131p cayd\u0131rmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan bir konudur.<\/em> T\u00fcrkiye’de idam cezas\u0131n\u0131n getirilmesi daha \u00e7ok toplumdaki adalet duygusunu ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirme amac\u0131na y\u00f6neliktir. Su\u00e7lular\u0131 vazge\u00e7irmekten ve cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 olmaktan \u00e7ok, adalet duygusunu tatmin etme ihtiyac\u0131ndan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tablolarda ABD\u2019de idam cezas\u0131n\u0131 uygulayan ve uygulamayan eyaletlerde cinayet su\u00e7 oranlar\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir. \u0130dam cezas\u0131na izin veren eyaletler Tablo:1 de koyu, vermeyen eyaletler a\u00e7\u0131k \u00e7ubukla g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir. \u00c7ubuklar\u0131n boylar\u0131 cinayet su\u00e7 oranlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. \u0130dam cezas\u0131 olmayan eyaletlerdeki cinayet su\u00e7 oranlar\u0131, idam cezas\u0131 olan eyaletlere g\u00f6re daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr.<\/em> Son d\u00f6nemde bu eyaletler aras\u0131ndaki su\u00e7 fark\u0131 daha da a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. E\u011fitim oranlar\u0131 artt\u0131k\u00e7a idam i\u015flevsiz duruma gelmektedir. Demek ki idam \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm de\u011fildir. O halde ne yapmal\u0131d\u0131r?<\/em><\/p>\n Tablo: 1 ABD\u2019de \u0130dam Cezas\u0131n\u0131 Uygulayan ve Uygulamayan Eyaletlerde Cinayet Su\u00e7 Oranlar\u0131 (1990- 2009)<\/strong><\/p>\n Kaynak: https:\/\/deathpenaltyinfo.org\/deterrence-states-without-death-penalty-have-had-consistently-lower-murder-rates<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n Tablo: 2 ABD\u2019de \u0130dam Cezas\u0131n\u0131 Uygulayan ve Uygulamayan Eyaletlerde Cinayet Su\u00e7 Oranlar\u0131 (1990- 2016)<\/strong><\/p>\n Kaynak: https:\/\/deathpenaltyinfo.org\/deterrence-states-without-death-penalty-have-had-consistently-lower-murder-rates<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de e\u011fer ter\u00f6r gibi belli su\u00e7lar\u0131 i\u015fleyenler i\u00e7in mutlaka idam uygulanacaksa,\u00a0 idam cezas\u0131 gecikmeli olmal\u0131, psikolojik ceza haline getirilmeli, ya\u015f\u0131na g\u00f6re 10, 15 y\u0131l sonras\u0131 i\u00e7in uygulanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em> Bu d\u00f6nemde su\u00e7lular\u0131n emek g\u00fcc\u00fcnden faydalan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Her sabah idam korkusu ya\u015famak, bir kere idam edilmekten \u00e7ok daha etkili y\u00f6ntemdir.<\/em> Y\u0131llar sonra \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclece\u011finizi bilerek ya\u015famak kadar etkileyici bir ba\u015fka bir ceza olamaz.\u00a0 Potansiyel su\u00e7lular, sadece \u00f6leceklerini de\u011fil, \u00f6lene kadar \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak zorunda kalacaklar\u0131n\u0131 bilecekleri i\u00e7in cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k fakt\u00f6r\u00fc \u00e7ok daha artar.<\/p>\n Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Erdo\u011fan\u2019\u0131n cenaze t\u00f6reninde dile getirdi\u011fi idam cezas\u0131yla ilgili konu\u015fan Serkan Karakaya<\/em> idama kar\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: \u201c \u0130dam yasas\u0131n\u0131n getirilmesinin taraftar\u0131 de\u011filim. T\u00fcrk Milleti beni yanl\u0131\u015f anlamas\u0131n. \u0130dama kar\u015f\u0131 olma nedenim; idam, o \u015ferefsizlere en basit ve kolay ceza. \u0130dam onlara hafif kal\u0131r. 2 dakikada idam sehpas\u0131nda sallanacaklar, tamam. Ama, benim ac\u0131m dinmeyecek. Ya da di\u011fer \u015fehit karde\u015flerimin ailelerinin ac\u0131s\u0131 dinmeyecek. Onlar\u0131 g\u00fcnahs\u0131z insanlar, vatan evlatlar\u0131 nerede \u015fehit olduysa, orada, \u015fehit ailesine teslim edecekler. O zaman daha g\u00fczel cezalar olacakt\u0131r. Bu nedenle ben idama kar\u015f\u0131y\u0131m.\u201d <\/em>Serkan Karakaya\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6nerisi, bu bug\u00fcnk\u00fc hukuk sitemimizde m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Katilleri \u015fehit ailesine teslim etmek hukuk d\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bu konuda bir hat\u0131rlatma yapmak isterim. B\u00fcy\u00fck Ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f<\/em> \u00a0(Prison Break), ABD<\/em> yap\u0131m\u0131 bir aksiyon dizisidir. Senaryosu Paul Scheuring taraf\u0131ndan yaz\u0131lan 2005 y\u0131l\u0131nda ekranlara gelen dizide, idama mahk\u00fbm edilmi\u015f Lincoln\u2019\u00fc hapishaneden kurtarmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan karde\u015fi Michael\u2019\u0131n verdi\u011fi m\u00fccadele anlat\u0131l\u0131r. Dizide, akt\u00f6r Dominic Purcell taraf\u0131ndan canland\u0131r\u0131lan Lincoln Burrows<\/em>\u2019un elektrikli sandalye \u00fczerinde idam edildi\u011fi sahne dikkat \u00e7ekicidir. Dizide idama mahk\u00fbm edilen ki\u015fi, devletin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 i\u00e7in oyuna getirilmi\u015f masum biridir.<\/em> Lincoln, Ba\u015fkan yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n karde\u015fini \u00f6ld\u00fcrmekle su\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015f ve b\u00fcy\u00fck bir komplonun kurban\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. \u00a0Dizi, idam\u0131n ne kadar tehlikeli bir ceza oldu\u011fu \u00fczerine kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/em><\/p>\n Uluslararas\u0131 Af \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019ne (Amnesty International) g\u00f6re ABD\u2019de 1973 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana \u00f6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131lan 160 mahk\u00fbm, daha sonra masumiyet gerek\u00e7esiyle infaz edilmemi\u015ftir. Di\u011ferleri, su\u00e7luluklar\u0131yla ilgili ciddi \u015f\u00fcphelere ra\u011fmen idam edilmi\u015ftir. 1973 y\u0131l\u0131ndan buyana \u00fclke genelinde 151 ki\u015fi su\u00e7suz bulunarak serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sadece <\/em>2003 y\u0131l\u0131nda 10 su\u00e7lu san\u0131k hatal\u0131 yarg\u0131 kararlar\u0131 sebebiyle idam edilmemi\u015ftir. <\/em>(<\/strong>https:\/\/www.amnestyusa.org\/issues\/death-penalty\/death-penalty-facts\/death-penalty-and-innocence\/)<\/p>\n ABD\u2019de 2007 y\u0131l\u0131ndan sonra New York, New Jersey, New Mexico, Illionis, Connecticut ve Maryland eyaletlerinde \u00f6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 23 eyalette son 10 y\u0131lda idam ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmemi\u015ftir.<\/em> 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda Washington Post ve ABC News taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan kamuoyu ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda Amerikal\u0131lar\u0131n y\u00fczde 42\u2019si idam cezas\u0131na destek vermi\u015ftir.<\/em> ABD\u2019de idam edilen 139 yabanc\u0131n\u0131n 91\u2019nin \u00fclkesinde idam cezas\u0131 bulunmamaktad\u0131r. 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda sadece 7 eyalette\u00a0 (Missouri, Texsas, Florida, Oklahoma, Georgia, Arizona, \u00a0Ohio<\/em>) idam cezas\u0131 infaz edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n ABD\u2019de 31 eyalette \u00a0(Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, Wyoming, U.S. Government, U.S. Military) idam cezas\u0131 uygulanmaktad\u0131r. Alaska, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Hawaii, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia, Wisconsin eyaletlerinde ise idam cezas\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (http:\/\/www.naacpldf.org\/files\/case_issue\/DRUSASummer2017.pdf<\/a>) USA Death Penalty Information Center verilerine g\u00f6re 1 Temmuz 2017 tarihine kadar ABD\u2019de 2817<\/strong> infaz ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir: Beyaz 1,196 (%42,46), siyah 1,168 (%41,46), Latin 373 (%13,24), Yerli 26 (0,92), Asyal\u0131 53 (1,88), Bilinmeyen 1 (0,04), Erkek 2.764 (%98,12), Kad\u0131n 53 (%1,88). Zaman i\u00e7inde infazlarda azalma olmu\u015ftur. 1996 y\u0131l\u0131nda 315 olan infaz 2014\u2019de 73\u2019e gerilemi\u015ftir.<\/em><\/p>\n Kaynak: <\/span>https:\/\/deathpenaltyinfo.org\/50-Facts<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bug\u00fcn \u00a0\u201c idam idam\u201d \u00a0diyen grup, 1960\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda rahmetli Menderes, Polatkan ve Zorlu idama mahk\u00fbm edildi\u011finde idama kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Bu \u00e7eli\u015fkiyi anlamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<\/em> \u00a0<\/strong>Topkap\u0131 An\u0131t Mezar\u2019da ge\u00e7en y\u0131l Ba\u015fbakan Adnan Menderes, D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Fatin R\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc Zorlu ve Maliye Bakan\u0131 Hasan Polatkan’\u0131n idam edili\u015flerinin 56\u2019nc\u0131 y\u0131l d\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc anma etkinli\u011fi konu\u015fan \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 S\u00fcleyman Soylu<\/em>, “\u0130damlar, yap\u0131lanlar yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131” <\/em>\u00a0diyerek \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir: “Fatin R\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc Zorlu’yu, Hasan Polatkan’\u0131 idam ettiniz de T\u00fcrkiye ne kazand\u0131?\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n Menderes, Polatkan ve Zorlu\u2019nun idamlar\u0131n\u0131 ard\u0131ndan ders al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in Deniz Gezmi\u015f, Yusuf Aslan ve H\u00fcseyin \u0130nan<\/em>\u2019\u0131n idam cezalar\u0131 24 Nisan 1972<\/em>‘de TBMM’de yap\u0131lan oylamada kesinle\u015fmi\u015f, 6 May\u0131s 1972<\/em>\u2019de infaz ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. TBMM\u2019deki 450 milletvekilinden 323\u2019\u00fc oy kullanm\u0131\u015f, 273 kabul, 48 ret oyu \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 2 \u00e7ekimsere kar\u015f\u0131 118 milletvekili oylamaya kat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. O d\u00f6nemde idama olumlu oy verenler bug\u00fcnlerde acaba ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmektedirler, merak etmekteyim.<\/em><\/p>\n Bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma \u015firketi\u00a0 (http:\/\/www.konsensus.com.tr\/idam-cezasi-geri-getirilsin-mi\/<\/a> ) \u00a0\u201cidam cezas\u0131 geri getirilsin mi?\u201d<\/em> konusunda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda kat\u0131lanlara \u201cyeniden idam cezas\u0131n\u0131n getirilmesini ister misiniz, istemez misiniz?\u201d<\/em> sorusunu sormu\u015ftur. \u00a0Soruya, ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya kat\u0131lan 1.502 ki\u015finin y\u00fczde 3,9\u2019u \u201cbilmiyorum\u201d<\/em> cevab\u0131n\u0131 verirken y\u00fczde 0,5\u2019i cevap vermemi\u015ftir. Soruya cevap verme oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 95,6\u2019d\u0131r. Soruya cevap verenlerin y\u00fczde 62\u2019si yeniden idam cezas\u0131n\u0131n getirilmesini \u201cistedi\u011fini\u201d, \u00a0y\u00fczde 32\u2019si \u201cistemedi\u011fini\u201d belirtmi\u015ftir.<\/em> \u0130dam cezas\u0131n\u0131n geri getirilmesini \u201cne istedi\u011fini ne istemedi\u011fini\u201d <\/em>s\u00f6yleyenlerin oran\u0131 ise y\u00fczde 6\u2019d\u0131r.<\/p>\n 1 Kas\u0131m 2015 tarihinde yap\u0131lan erken genel se\u00e7imlerde oyunu AK Parti\u2019ye veren se\u00e7menlerin y\u00fczde 83\u2019\u00fc yeniden idam cezas\u0131n\u0131n getirilmesini \u201cistedi\u011fini\u201d,<\/em> \u00a0\u00a0y\u00fczde 13\u2019\u00fc \u201cistemedi\u011fini\u201d<\/em> belirtmi\u015ftir. Bu grup i\u00e7erisinde idam cezas\u0131n\u0131n geri getirilmesini \u201cne istedi\u011fini ne istemedi\u011fini\u201d <\/em>s\u00f6yleyenlerin oran\u0131 ise y\u00fczde 4\u2019t\u00fcr. Erken genel se\u00e7imlerde oyunu CHP\u2019<\/em>ye veren se\u00e7menlerin y\u00fczde 35\u2019i yeniden idam cezas\u0131n\u0131n getirilmesini \u201cistedi\u011fini\u201d, \u00a0y\u00fczde 59\u2019u \u201cistemedi\u011fini\u201d <\/em>\u00a0a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu grupta idam cezas\u0131n\u0131n geri getirilmesini \u201cne istedi\u011fini ne istemedi\u011fini\u201d<\/em> s\u00f6yleyenlerin oran\u0131 da y\u00fczde 6\u2019d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Se\u00e7imlerde oyunu MHP\u2019ye veren se\u00e7menlerin y\u00fczde 73\u2019\u00fc yeniden idam cezas\u0131n\u0131n getirilmesini \u201cistedi\u011fini,\u201d y\u00fczde 20\u2019si \u201cistemedi\u011fini\u201d \u00a0a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/em>. Bu kitle i\u00e7erisinde idam cezas\u0131n\u0131n geri getirilmesini \u201cne istedi\u011fini ne istemedi\u011fini\u201d<\/em> s\u00f6yleyenlerin oran\u0131 ise y\u00fczde 7\u2019dir. Oyunu HDP<\/em>\u2019ye veren se\u00e7menlerin y\u00fczde 33\u2019\u00fc yeniden idam cezas\u0131n\u0131n getirilmesini \u201cistedi\u011fini\u201d<\/em>, \u00a0y\u00fczde 55\u2019i \u201cistemedi\u011fini\u201d \u00a0s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir<\/em>. Bu se\u00e7menler i\u00e7erisinde idam cezas\u0131n\u0131n geri getirilmesini \u201cne istedi\u011fini ne istemedi\u011fini\u201d<\/em> s\u00f6yleyenlerin oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 12\u2019dir. \u00a0Se\u00e7imlerde oyunu di\u011fer bir partiye veren se\u00e7menlerin y\u00fczde 65\u2019i yeniden idam cezas\u0131n\u0131n getirilmesini \u201cistedi\u011fini\u201d<\/em>, \u00a0y\u00fczde 23\u2019\u00fc \u201cistemedi\u011fini<\/em>\u201d belirtmi\u015ftir. \u0130dam cezas\u0131n\u0131n geri getirilmesini \u201cne istedi\u011fini ne istemedi\u011fini\u201d<\/em> s\u00f6yleyenlerin oran\u0131 ise y\u00fczde 12\u2019dir.<\/p>\n Ara\u015ft\u0131rma, Konsensus Ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve Dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k<\/em> taraf\u0131ndan \u201cT\u00fcrkiye G\u00fcndemi Ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 Aboneleri\u201d<\/em> i\u00e7in ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n saha \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 11.08.2016 \u2013 03.09.2016 tarihleri aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma genelinde T\u00fcrkiye 18 ya\u015f \u00fcst\u00fc n\u00fcfusu temsil etme yetene\u011fine sahip toplam 1.502 ki\u015fi ile telefon anketi y\u00f6ntemi uygulanarak 81 ilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Uluslararas\u0131 Af \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn 2 Nisan 2018 tarihli raporuna g\u00f6re 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda 23 \u00fclkede idam cezas\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fcktedir.<\/em> (https:\/\/www.amnesty.org\/en\/latest\/news\/2018\/04\/death-penalty-facts-and-figures-2017\/<\/a>, https:\/\/www.amnesty.org\/download\/Documents\/ACT5079552018ENGLISH.PDF<\/a>) \u00a0Bu rakam 2016 y\u0131l\u0131na g\u00f6re y\u00fczde 4 (1,032) ve 2015 y\u0131l\u0131na g\u00f6re de y\u00fczde 39 oran\u0131nda azalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda 1989’dan bu yana en y\u00fcksek infaz (1,663) \u00a0ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. \u00c7o\u011fu infaz \u00c7in, \u0130ran, Suudi Arabistan, Irak ve Pakistan’<\/em>da olmu\u015ftur. \u00c7in, d\u00fcnyada en fazla idam\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fclkedir. Bu idamlar aras\u0131nda \u00e7ok say\u0131da Uygur T\u00fcrk\u00fc de vard\u0131r.<\/em>\u00a0 2017 verilerine g\u00f6re d\u00fcnyada 106 \u00fclkenin yasalar\u0131nda idam cezas\u0131 yoktur. 7 \u00fclkede sadece askeri su\u00e7lar i\u00e7in idam cezas\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u00c7in’deki \u00f6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ek boyutu, veriler devlet s\u0131rr\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in bilinmemektedir. A\u00e7\u0131klanan 993 rakam\u0131, \u00c7in’de ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015f oldu\u011funa inan\u0131lan binlerce infaz\u0131 kapsamamaktad\u0131r. \u00c7in hari\u00e7, rapor edilen t\u00fcm idamlar\u0131n y\u00fczde 84\u2019\u00fc yukar\u0131da say\u0131lan 4 \u00fclkeye aittir.1990 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana Uluslararas\u0131 Af \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc 9 \u00fclkede \u00e7ocuk su\u00e7lular\u0131n\u0131n 138 infaz\u0131n\u0131 belgelemi\u015ftir. Bu \u00fclkeler; \u00c7in, Demokratik Kongo Cumhuriyeti, \u0130ran, Nijerya, Pakistan, Suudi Arabistan, Sudan, ABD ve Yemen<\/em>\u2019dir. 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00c7in, \u0130ran, Suudi Arabistan, Irak ve Pakistan’da en \u00e7ok \u00e7ocuk idam\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n \u0130dam geri gelirse,<\/em> \u00a0T\u00fcrkiye Avrupa Konseyi \u00fcyeli\u011finden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r, Avrupa Birli\u011fi ile ili\u015fkilere nokta konur, T\u00fcrkiye Bat\u0131\u2019dan uzakla\u015farak \u015eanghay \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi Kurulu\u015fu ile Avrasya Ekonomik Birli\u011fine do\u011fru yelken a\u00e7ar<\/em>, \u00c7in, \u0130ran, Suudi Arabistan, Irak ve Pakistan ile de ayn\u0131 kategoride yer al\u0131r. \u00a0Bu sebeple ben, say\u0131n Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n idam konusundaki a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131n\u0131 siyaset\u00e7i kimli\u011fi ile s\u00f6yledi\u011fini tahmin ediyorum. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc 1 Kas\u0131m 2015 tarihinde yap\u0131lan erken genel se\u00e7imlerde oyunu AK Parti\u2019ye oy veren se\u00e7menlerin y\u00fczde 83\u2019\u00fc yeniden idam cezas\u0131n\u0131n getirilmesini istedi\u011fini<\/em>,\u00a0\u00a0 y\u00fczde 13\u2019\u00fc istemedi\u011fini belirtmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n 1999 y\u0131l\u0131nda Abdullah \u00d6calan yakalan\u0131p idama mahk\u00fbm edildi\u011finde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir tart\u0131\u015fma ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. DSP, MHP ve ANAP d\u00f6neminde. Mahkeme\u2019nin idam karar\u0131 oylanmak \u00fczere Meclis\u2019e gitse kabul edilecekti. MHP lideri Devlet Bah\u00e7eli<\/em>,\u00a0 koalisyon i\u00e7i diplomasi ile tezkerenin Meclis\u2019e g\u00f6nderilmemesine ve bekleme s\u00fcresinin ba\u015flamas\u0131na raz\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Bah\u00e7eli\u2019nin karar\u0131yla 3 Kas\u0131m 2002<\/em>\u2019de MHP\u2019yi Meclis d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda b\u0131rakacak erken se\u00e7ime giderken 1 A\u011fustos 2002<\/em> tarihinde Meclis\u2019te oylama yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Oylamada AK Partililer Bah\u00e7eli\u2019ye\u00a0 \u201cidam\u0131 Meclis\u2019e getir, destek verelim ba\u015fbakan ol<\/em>\u201d demi\u015f olmalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen idam cezas\u0131n\u0131n kalkmas\u0131 i\u00e7in oy kullanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc AK Parti o d\u00f6nemde askeri vesayetin kalkmas\u0131n\u0131n AB \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri ile sa\u011flanaca\u011f\u0131na inanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/em><\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de idam konusunda liderlerin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc konjonkt\u00fcre g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fmektedir.<\/em> AK Parti Genel Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Erdo\u011fan 10 Haziran 2002<\/em> partisinin Silivri \u0130l\u00e7e Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019ne giden yoldaki b\u00fct\u00fcn engellerin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6ylemi\u015f, idama kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:\u00a0 ”T\u00fcrkiye, art\u0131k AB’nin kenar mahallesi olmaktan kurtar\u0131lmal\u0131. <\/strong>\u0130dam cezas\u0131 tamamen kalkmal\u0131. Bunun i\u00e7in h\u00fck\u00fcmete destek vermeye haz\u0131r\u0131z.”<\/em> \u00a0Erdo\u011fan, MHP’nin h\u00fck\u00fcmetten \u00e7ekilmesi durumunda DSP-ANAP koalisyonunu destekleyeceklerini a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: ”Yeter ki, Kas\u0131m ay\u0131nda se\u00e7ime gidelim.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n Ba\u015fbakan B\u00fclent Ecevit<\/em> ise MHP d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, TBMM’de grubu bulunan muhalefet partileriyle gerekli oy sa\u011flan\u0131rsa idam sorununun kendili\u011finden \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclece\u011fini s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir: \u201c\u0130dam konusu d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda herhangi konuda h\u00fck\u00fcmet ortaklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda bir sorun olmayaca\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131yorum. MHP’nin idam konusunda tavr\u0131 belli\u2026 \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc idam konusunun b\u00fct\u00fcn AB \u00fcyeleri i\u00e7in \u2018olmazsa olmaz\u2019 bir ko\u015ful oldu\u011fu belli. Bunu Say\u0131n Bah\u00e7eli de biliyor. Geleneksel devlet anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7inde bu soruna \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm getirmeye Say\u0131n Bah\u00e7eli’nin de katk\u0131da bulunaca\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131yorum.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Erdo\u011fan, 26 Temmuz 2016<\/em> tarihinde Alman ARD televizyonuna verdi\u011fi deme\u00e7te \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir: “Parlamentoya bu talep gelir, Parlamento kabul eder veya etmez. Ederse bununla ilgili ad\u0131mlar at\u0131l\u0131r ama etmezse o zaman da s\u00f6yleyecek hi\u00e7bir \u015feyimiz yok<\/em>. Burada bir ger\u00e7e\u011fi vurgulayal\u0131m: Bak\u0131n\u0131z \u015fu anda biz 53 senedir Avrupa Birli\u011fi’nin kap\u0131s\u0131nday\u0131z. Biz idam cezas\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rd\u0131k. \u0130dam cezas\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rd\u0131k da ne de\u011fi\u015fti?” <\/em><\/p>\n Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 anayasa de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fiyle ilgili 16 Nisan’da evet \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 durumunda idam cezas\u0131n\u0131n Meclis’in g\u00fcndemine getirilece\u011fini ve muhalefetin desteklememesi durumunda bununla ilgili bir halkoylamas\u0131 yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015f ve 2002 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc terketmi\u015f,<\/em> Evet Platformu’nun \u015eanl\u0131urfa’daki mitinginde kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n idam isteriz y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki sloganlar\u0131na destek vermi\u015ftir: “16 Nisan\u2019da evetle sand\u0131klar patlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde hemen ard\u0131ndan parlamentoya idamla ilgili karar tasla\u011f\u0131 in\u015fallah gelecek. Bir referandum da onun i\u00e7in yapar\u0131z.”<\/em><\/p>\n Asl\u0131nda Erdo\u011fan ”T\u00fcrkiye, art\u0131k AB’nin kenar mahallesi olmaktan kurtar\u0131lmal\u0131. \u0130dam cezas\u0131 tamamen kalkmal\u0131. Bunun i\u00e7in h\u00fck\u00fcmete destek vermeye haz\u0131r\u0131z\u201d <\/em>derken hakl\u0131yd\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc idam ile AB \u00fcyeli\u011fi hi\u00e7bir zaman yan yana gelemezdi.<\/em> \u00a0Avrupa Birli\u011fi ile ilgili temaslarda bulunmak \u00fczere 5 Eyl\u00fcl 2005<\/em> tarihinde Br\u00fcksel\u2019de \u201cAvrupa\u2019n\u0131n kaderini ve gelece\u011fini T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den ayr\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. AB ile m\u00fczakere s\u00fcrecimizin suni siyasi engellerden ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131larak tekrar canland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirttim\u201d<\/em> dedikten sonra \u015fu do\u011fru tespiti yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: \u201cAvrupa Birli\u011fi stratejik hedeftir.\u201d<\/em> \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n Fakat Say\u0131n Erdo\u011fan Ba\u015fbakan iken 18 Temmuz 2012<\/em> tarihinde Rusya\u2019ya yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ziyarette Putin\u2019e s\u00f6yledi\u011fi s\u00f6zler yukar\u0131daki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc ile \u00e7eli\u015fmektedir: \u201cZaman zaman bize tak\u0131l\u0131yorsun. AB\u2019de ne i\u015fin var diyorsun. O zaman ben de \u015fimdi size tak\u0131lay\u0131m. <\/strong>Hadi gelin bizi \u015eanghay Be\u015flisi\u2019ne d\u00e2hil edin, biz de AB\u2019yi g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irelim \u015feklinde bir latife yapt\u0131m.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Erdo\u011fan, Avrupa G\u00fcn\u00fc dolay\u0131s\u0131yla 9 May\u0131s 2015, 2016 ve 2017<\/em> tarihlerinde yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 mesajlarda AB \u00fcyeli\u011finin T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in bir stratejik hedef oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015f,<\/em> \u0130talya ziyareti \u00f6ncesi La Stampa<\/em> gazetesine 4 \u015eubat 2018<\/em> tarihinde verdi\u011fi r\u00f6portajda, \u00a0“T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin arzusu, AB\u2019ye tam \u00fcyeliktir. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki se\u00e7enekler, bizleri tatmin etmekten uzakt\u0131r\u2026 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u00fcyeli\u011fi i\u00e7 siyasi hesaplara kurban edilmemelidir”<\/em> \u00a0\u00a0demi\u015ftir. Avrupa Birli\u011fi’nin \u00fcst d\u00fczey yetkilileriyle bir araya gelece\u011fi Varna’daki toplant\u0131lara kat\u0131lmak \u00fczere 26 Mart 2018<\/em> tarihinde \u0130stanbul’dan ayr\u0131lan Erdo\u011fan, Atat\u00fcrk Havaliman\u0131’nda d\u00fczenledi\u011fi bas\u0131n toplant\u0131s\u0131ndaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc de \u015f\u00f6yledir: “AB’ye tam \u00fcyelik stratejik hedefimiz olmaya devam ediyor.” <\/em><\/p>\n Say\u0131n Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131, Avrupa Birli\u011fi’nin k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131\u00e7izgisi olan idam\u0131n geri getirilmesi durumunda T\u00fcrkiye’nin \u00fcyelik s\u00fcrecinin durabilece\u011fi uyar\u0131s\u0131na da a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k getirmi\u015ftir: “\u00d6yleyse parlamento karar\u0131n\u0131 verecek, ondan sonra da idam \u00e7\u0131kacak\u2026 Hans ne derse desin, Helga ne derse desin, benim i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli olan Ahmet, Mehmet, Hasan, H\u00fcseyin, Ay\u015fe, Fatma, Hatice ne der, o \u00f6nemli.” 26 Temmuz 2016<\/em> tarihinde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de halk\u0131n 15 Temmuz’daki darbe giri\u015fimi sonras\u0131 idam dedi\u011fini, bu talebin getirilece\u011fi yerin de Meclis oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015f, Ankara Y\u00fcksek H\u0131zl\u0131 Tren Gar\u0131’n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131nda da idam isteriz sloganlar\u0131na cevaben \u015fu a\u00e7\u0131klamay\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: “\u0130dam in\u015fallah, Parlamentodan bu da ge\u00e7er. Yak\u0131n, yak\u0131n, merak etmeyin.”<\/em><\/p>\n \u0130dam, hassas bir konudur.\u00a0 Devaml\u0131 idam konusunu g\u00fcndeme getirirseniz, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Bat\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131 ile ili\u015fkileri tehlikeye girer.<\/em> \u00a0<\/strong>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin de \u00fcyesi oldu\u011fu Avrupa Konseyi Genel Sekreteri Thorbjorn Jagland<\/em>\u2019\u0131n s\u00f6zc\u00fcs\u00fc, idam cezas\u0131 geldi\u011fi takdirde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Avrupa Konseyi \u00fcyeli\u011finin sona erdirilece\u011fini 18 Nisan 2017<\/em> tarihinde a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Jagland\u2019\u0131n s\u00f6zc\u00fcs\u00fc Daniel H\u00f6ltgen<\/em> ise \u201cT\u00fcrkiye idam cezas\u0131 getirip uygulamaya koyarsa bu, \u00fcyeli\u011fin sonu anlam\u0131na gelir\u201d<\/em> demi\u015ftir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc 47 \u00fcyeli Avrupa Konseyi\u2019nde hi\u00e7bir \u00fcye \u00fclkede idam cezas\u0131 yoktur.<\/em> Belarus\u2019un Konsey \u00fcyeli\u011fi idam cezas\u0131 bulundu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esiyle ertelenmektedir.<\/p>\n H\u00f6ltgen, \u201cHer zaman \u015funu dedik: Belarus\u2019un \u00fcye olabilmesi i\u00e7in en az\u0131ndan bir moratoryum yay\u0131nlamas\u0131 gerek\u201d<\/em> demi\u015ftir. \u00dcye \u00fclke Rusya\u2019da b\u00f6yle bir moratoryum s\u00f6z konusudur. H\u00f6ltgen, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u00fcyelikten \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n hukuksal olmaktan \u00e7ok siyasi bir sorun oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Avrupa Konseyi \u00fcyelerinin \u00fc\u00e7te ikisinin oyu ile \u00fcye bir \u00fclke \u00fcyelikten \u00e7\u0131karabilmektedir.<\/em> H\u00f6ltgen \u015fu tespiti yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin idam cezas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde ataca\u011f\u0131 her ad\u0131m T\u00fcrkiye ve Avrupa i\u00e7in bir geri ad\u0131m olacakt\u0131r.\u201d<\/em> \u00a0Avrupa Konseyi\u2019ni Avrupa Birli\u011fi Konseyi ile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmamak gerekir. Belarus ve Vatikan d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan Avrupa \u00fclkelerinin tamam\u0131 Avrupa Konseyi \u00fcyesidir.<\/p>\n \u0130dam, T\u00fcrkiye AB ili\u015fkilerinde mihenk ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em> Ankara Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019nda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen T\u00fcrkiye ile AB aras\u0131ndaki g\u00fcmr\u00fck birli\u011fini G\u00fcney K\u0131br\u0131s Rum Y\u00f6netimi de d\u00e2hil 10 yeni AB \u00fcyesini kapsayacak \u015fekilde geni\u015fleten Ek Protokol, 29 Temmuz 2005<\/em> tarihinde imzalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece T\u00fcrkiye, AB taraf\u0131ndan kendisinden istenen iki \u015fart\u0131 da yerine getirmi\u015ftir. \u015eartlardan \u00f6nemlisi T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu\u2019nun onaylanarak y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe sokulmas\u0131yd\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc hi\u00e7bir AB \u00fcyesinde idam cezas\u0131 yoktu.<\/p>\n 7 May\u0131s 2004 tarihinde 5170 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Anayasas\u0131n\u0131n Baz\u0131 Maddelerinin De\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi Hakk\u0131nda Kanun, yap\u0131lan gizli oylamadan sonra kabul edilmi\u015ftir. T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Anayasas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 38\u2019nci maddesinin dokuzuncu f\u0131kras\u0131 madde metninden \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, onuncu f\u0131kras\u0131 ile son f\u0131kras\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir: \u201c\u00d6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131 ve genel m\u00fcsadere cezas\u0131 verilemez.\u201d<\/em>\u00a0 B\u00f6ylece Anayasan\u0131n 38\u2019nci maddesindeki \u201cSava\u015f, \u00e7ok yak\u0131n sava\u015f tehdidi ve ter\u00f6r su\u00e7lar\u0131 halleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131 verilemez\u201d<\/em>\u00a0 h\u00fckm\u00fc \u201c\u00d6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131 ve genel m\u00fcsadere cezas\u0131 verilemez\u201d<\/em>\u00a0 \u015fekline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. 26 Eyl\u00fcl 2004<\/em> tarihinde kabul edilen 5237 say\u0131l\u0131<\/em> Ceza Kanunu ile de \u015fart yerine getirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin kurucu \u00fcyesi oldu\u011fu Avrupa Konseyi \u00fcyesi \u00fclkeler idam cezas\u0131n\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den \u00e7ok \u00f6nce kald\u0131rm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. 1983<\/em> y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi<\/em>\u2019ne (A\u0130HS) ek 6 No\u2019lu Protokol ve 2002<\/em>\u2019de y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren 13 No\u2019lu Protokol<\/em> ile idam yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. A\u0130HS 6 No\u2019lu Protokol\u2019e 47 Avrupa Konseyi \u00fcyesinden Rusya d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda 46 \u00fclke taraft\u0131r. Rusya Protokol\u00fc imzalam\u0131\u015f, fakat onaylamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ama idam cezas\u0131n\u0131 uygulamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/em> Azerbaycan, Ermenistan ve Rusya ise 13 No\u2019lu Protokole taraf de\u011fildir. 12 Kas\u0131m 2003<\/em> tarihinde AK Parti H\u00fck\u00fcmeti \u00f6nce 6 No\u2019lu Protokole, 23 \u015eubat 2006<\/em> tarihinde de 13 No\u2019lu Protokole taraf olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye bu protokolleri imzalarken Abdullah \u00d6calan\u2019\u0131 da kapsayan ter\u00f6r su\u00e7lular\u0131n\u0131n idam cezas\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131ran s\u00fcre\u00e7te \u00f6nemli geli\u015fmeler olmu\u015ftur.<\/strong> \u00a0MHP`nin de orta\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011fu 57\u2019nci h\u00fck\u00fcmet d\u00f6neminde 3 Ekim 2001<\/em> tarihinde yasala\u015fan ve idam cezas\u0131 ile ilgili Anayasa maddesini de\u011fi\u015ftiren 4709 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasa, (RG: 17.10.2001) Anayasa’n\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 metni ile 33 maddesinde de\u011fi\u015fiklik yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/em>.\u00a0 Anayasa de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi, oylamaya kat\u0131lan 494 milletvekilinden 474’n\u00fcn oyuyla kabul edilmi\u015ftir. 16 milletvekili ret oyu kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1 \u00e7ekimser, 2 ge\u00e7ersiz, 1 de bo\u015f oy \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yasa\u2019n\u0131n 15\u2019nci maddesi \u015f\u00f6yledir: \u201cT\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Anayasas\u0131n\u0131n 38 inci maddesine a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki f\u0131kra yedinci f\u0131kra olarak eklenmi\u015f, mevcut be\u015finci ve alt\u0131nc\u0131 f\u0131kralar\u0131ndan sonra gelmek \u00fczere a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki f\u0131kralar eklenmi\u015ftir. Sava\u015f, \u00e7ok yak\u0131n sava\u015f tehdidi ve ter\u00f6r su\u00e7lar\u0131 halleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131 verilemez.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n 57\u2019nci h\u00fck\u00fcmet d\u00f6neminde bu defa Anayasa de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ile yasalar\u0131n uyumu a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7e\u015fitli yasalarda de\u011fi\u015fiklik yap\u0131lmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin 3 A\u011fustos 2002<\/em> tarihli 4771<\/em> say\u0131l\u0131 \u00c7e\u015fitli Kanunlarda De\u011fi\u015fiklik Yap\u0131lmas\u0131na \u0130li\u015fkin Yasa\u00a0\u00a0 (RG: 09.08.2002) kabul edilmi\u015ftir: \u201cSava\u015f ve \u00e7ok yak\u0131n sava\u015f tehdidi hallerinde i\u015flenmi\u015f su\u00e7lar i\u00e7in \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen idam cezalar\u0131 hari\u00e7 olmak \u00fczere, 1.3.1926 tarihli ve 765 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu, 7.1.1932 tarihli ve 1918 say\u0131l\u0131 Ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n Men ve Takibine Dair Kanun ile 31.8.1956 tarihli ve 6831 say\u0131l\u0131 Orman Kanununda yer alan idam cezalar\u0131 m\u00fcebbet a\u011f\u0131r hapis cezas\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n 2004 Haziran ay\u0131nda Ba\u015fbakan Recep Tayip Erdo\u011fan imzas\u0131 ile TBMM Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131`na a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki yaz\u0131 g\u00f6nderilmi\u015ftir: \u201cT\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nca haz\u0131rlanan ve Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131za arz\u0131 Bakanlar Kurulunca 21.06.2004 tarihinde kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan \u2018\u00d6l\u00fcm Cezas\u0131n\u0131n Kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ile Baz\u0131 Kanunlarda De\u011fi\u015fiklik Yap\u0131lmas\u0131na \u0130li\u015fkin Kanun Tasar\u0131s\u0131\u2019 ile gerek\u00e7esi ili\u015fikte g\u00f6nderilmi\u015ftir. Gere\u011fini arz ederim.\u00a0 Genel Gerek\u00e7e: Bilindi\u011fi \u00fczere, 7.5.2004 tarihli ve 5170 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Anayasas\u0131n\u0131n Baz\u0131 Maddelerinin De\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi Hakk\u0131nda Kanunla, Anayasan\u0131n 15, 17 ve 87\u2019nci maddelerinde yap\u0131lan de\u011fi\u015fikliklerle \u00f6l\u00fcm cezalar\u0131 Anayasadan \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00a0Bu ba\u015fvuru ile ba\u015flayan s\u00fcre\u00e7 sonucunda 14 Temmuz 2004 tarihinde kabul edilen 5218 say\u0131l\u0131 kanun ile 1.3.1926 tarihli ve 765 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanununun t\u00fcm ilgili maddelerindeki \u00f6l\u00fcm cezalar\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcebbet a\u011f\u0131r hapis cezas\u0131 ile de\u011fi\u015ftirilerek Anayasaya ek olarak T\u00fcrk Ceza kanunundaki \u00f6l\u00fcm cezalar\u0131 da fiilen kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n \u00d6zetle, \u00f6l\u00fcm cezalar\u0131 anayasadan 7 May\u0131s 2004 tarihinde \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 14 Temmuz 2004 tarih ve 5218 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasa ile de idam cezas\u0131 her ko\u015fulda mutlak olarak kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, t\u00fcm idam kararlar\u0131 \u00f6m\u00fcr boyu hapse \u00e7evrilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Protokollerin A\u0130HS\u2019nin par\u00e7as\u0131 oldu\u011fu ve s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin maddelerinin protokollere de uygulanaca\u011f\u0131 kesindir. Protokollerden \u00e7\u0131kmak isteyen \u00fclke A\u0130HS\u2019den \u00e7ekilmek zorundad\u0131r.<\/em> A\u0130HS\u2019nin 58\u2019inci maddesine g\u00f6re Avrupa Konseyi Genel Sekreteri\u2019ne 6 ay \u00f6nceden ihbarda bulunarak A\u0130HS\u2019den \u00e7ekilmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. A\u0130HS\u2019den \u00e7ekilen \u00fclkenin Avrupa Konseyi \u00fcyeli\u011fi sona ermektedir. Avrupa Konseyi\u2019nden ayr\u0131lmak, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin demokrasi, insan haklar\u0131, hukuk devleti gibi alanlarda Bat\u0131 standartlar\u0131ndan uzakla\u015fmas\u0131na ve AB ile ba\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n kopmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar. \u0130dam\u0131n Venedik Komisyonu\u2019nda,\u00a0 Kopenhag siyasi kriterleri aras\u0131nda yeri yoktur. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin idam cezas\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan en \u00f6nemli sebep, Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nden ve Avrupa de\u011ferler sisteminden kopmamakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n AB D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Y\u00fcksek Temsilcisi Catherine Ashton<\/em>\u2019\u0131n s\u00f6zc\u00fcs\u00fc Maja Kocijancic<\/em>, idam cezas\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemez oldu\u011funu \u015f\u00f6yle a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: “\u0130dam cezas\u0131 bulunan \u00fclkeyi AB \u00fcyeli\u011fine kabul etmemiz m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil.”<\/em> TBMM Anayasa Komisyonu Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Mustafa \u015eentop “Yasadan sonra su\u00e7 i\u015flenirse idam cezas\u0131 uygulan\u0131r. Temel prensip kanunlar geriye i\u015flemez. Yasa \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131ktan sonra ikinci bir darbe giri\u015fimi olursa uygulan\u0131r “<\/em> g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedir. Avrupa\u2019da idam cezas\u0131 uygulayan tek \u00fclke Belarus\u2019tur.<\/p>\n TBMM’nin 23 Nisan 1920’de\u00a0\u00a0 a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131ndan idam cezas\u0131n\u0131n en son 1984 y\u0131l\u0131nda uygulanmas\u0131na kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu ayaklanma, cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131na suikast giri\u015fimi, 1960 darbesi, 71 muht\u0131ras\u0131 ve 1980 ihtilali olmak \u00fczere 15\u2019i kad\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc olmak \u00fczere 712 ki\u015fiye TBMM taraf\u0131ndan onaylanan \u00f6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir. Bu rakama \u0130stiklal Mahkemeleri\u2019nin idam kararlar\u0131 dahil de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n \u0130dam cezas\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131rma s\u00fcrecinde Abdullah \u00d6calan\u2019\u0131n Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Mahkemesi\u2019ne (A\u0130HM) a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 dava \u00f6nemli rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/em>A\u0130HM, karar verilene kadar \u00d6calan\u2019\u0131n idam edilmemesini \u00f6ng\u00f6ren ihtiyati tedbir karar\u0131 kabul etti\u011fi i\u00e7in Ecevit H\u00fck\u00fcmeti karara uyarak \u00d6calan\u2019\u0131 idam etmemi\u015ftir. \u0130dam cezas\u0131 yukar\u0131da de\u011findi\u011fimiz gibi Yarg\u0131tay taraf\u0131ndan 25 Kas\u0131m 1999<\/em> tarihinde onaylanmas\u0131yla kesinle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Fakat Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k karar\u0131 TBMM\u2019ye g\u00f6ndermedi\u011finden ve de karar\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gereken yasa \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan uygulama ertelenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n \u00d6calan\u2019\u0131n avukatlar\u0131 16 \u015eubat 1999<\/em>\u2019da A\u0130HM’ye ba\u015fvurmu\u015f, Kas\u0131m 1999\u2019da A\u0130HM\u2019nin 1. Dairesi ihtiyati tedbir karar\u0131 vermi\u015ftir. Kararda, A\u0130HM\u2019nin davay\u0131 inceleyebilmesini sa\u011flayabilmek amac\u0131yla idam cezas\u0131n\u0131n uygulanmamas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. T\u00fcrkiye karara uymay\u0131 kabul etmi\u015ftir. A\u0130HM\u2019nin B\u00fcy\u00fck Dairesi 12 May\u0131s 2005<\/em> tarihinde karar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye idam cezas\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, 6 No\u2019lu protokol\u00fc onaylam\u0131\u015f, 13 No\u2019lu protokol\u00fc ise imzalam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u0130dam cezas\u0131n\u0131n geriye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc yoktur.<\/em> E\u011fer 27 May\u0131s 1960 \u00f6ncesinde idam cezas\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olsayd\u0131, rahmetli Adnan Menderes, Fatin R\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc Zorlu ve Hasan Polatkan idam edilmemi\u015f olacakt\u0131. \u00a0Menderes\u2019in infaz foto\u011fraflar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7eken \u0130smail \u015eeny\u00fcz<\/em>, benim \u00e7ekti\u011fim ve Menderes infaza g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrken arkadan g\u00f6steren resmi g\u00f6r\u00fcnce binba\u015f\u0131 e\u015fi olan kap\u0131 kom\u015fum olan han\u0131m\u0131n \u015fu tespitini aktarmaktad\u0131r: \u201cK\u0131yamam\u0131\u015f y\u00fcz\u00fcnden \u00e7ekmeye arkas\u0131ndan \u00e7ekmi\u015f demi\u015f.”<\/em> \u015eeny\u00fcz vefattan sonra neden foto\u011fraf yay\u0131nlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: “Halk\u0131n ac\u0131ma duygusunu galeyana getirmemek i\u00e7in yay\u0131nlamad\u0131lar.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n T\u00fcrk halk\u0131 AB vizelerinin kalkmas\u0131n\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin AB \u00fcyesi olmas\u0131n\u0131 istemektedir. Hi\u00e7bir AB \u00fcyesi \u00fclkede idam cezas\u0131 yoktur. Halk istiyor diye idam cezas\u0131 gelirse, T\u00fcrkiye AB \u00fcyesi olamaz.<\/em> Bu sebeple Ahmet Hakan\u2019\u0131n ifadesiyle siyasilere \u201cbo\u015funa gaz verilmesin.\u201d <\/em>SBF\u2019den arkada\u015f\u0131m, eski Ba\u015fbakan Mesut Y\u0131lmaz<\/em> idam gelirse 7 maddede ne olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: S\u00f6zle\u015fme ihlal edilir, Avrupa Konseyi \u00fcyeli\u011fi biter, su\u00e7lular\u0131 iade s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ihlal edilir, m\u00fczakereler dondurulur, Avrupa iade etmez, evrensel hukuktan kopulur, Beyaz Rusya\u2019n\u0131n (Belarus) gerisine d\u00fc\u015feriz.<\/p>\n Vatanda\u015f\u0131n \u201cas\u0131n as\u0131n\u201d<\/em> diyerek siyasilere bask\u0131 yapmas\u0131na siyasiler kulak t\u0131kamal\u0131d\u0131r. E\u011fer yanl\u0131\u015f bir kararla ki\u015fi idam edilir ve sonra idam karar\u0131n\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131karsa, idam edileni geri getirmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Bu konuda Akif Beki\u2019nin \u201cYa sap\u0131k diye as\u0131lsayd\u0131\u201d<\/em> ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 idam isteyenler mutlaka okumal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc meydanlarda seslerini y\u00fckseltenler, bilgi sahibi olmadan fikir sahibidirler. Bu t\u00fcr pop\u00fclist s\u00f6ylemler \u00fclkeye zarar verir.<\/em> Abd\u00fclkadir Selvi 3 Kas\u0131m 2016<\/em> tarihli yaz\u0131s\u0131nda \u201c\u00d6calan i\u00e7in kesinle\u015fmi\u015f cezas\u0131 nedeniyle eskiye y\u00fcr\u00fcyemeyecek\u201d<\/em> demi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Avrupa Komisyonu Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Jean-Claude Juncker<\/em>\u2019in idam konusunda 25 Temmuz 2016<\/em> tarihinde \u201c\u0130dam cezas\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu bir \u00fclkenin AB’de yeri olamaz” <\/em>dedi\u011fini unutmayal\u0131m. Hem AB\u2019ye \u00fcye olmak ve hem de idam isteyeceksin. Bu yaman \u00e7eli\u015fki hi\u00e7bir medeni \u00fclkede yoktur. Aksi durumda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Avrupa ile ili\u015fkilerini yeniden g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irmesi gerekir. AK Parti Grup Ba\u015fkanvekili Naci Bostanc\u0131<\/em> bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te son noktay\u0131 koymu\u015ftur: \u201c\u0130nsanlar\u0131n kafas\u0131n\u0131 kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaya gerek yok!\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n Bu s\u00fcr\u00e7te \u00f6nemli bir di\u011fer konu da \u015fudur: T\u00fcrkiye FET\u00d6 ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ABD\u2019den istemektedir. E\u011fer idam cezas\u0131 geri gelirse ABD bu iadeyi yapmaz. Yasa \u00e7\u0131ksa bile FET\u00d6 eleba\u015f\u0131 idam edilemez. Bu konuda halk\u0131n kafas\u0131n\u0131n kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmamas\u0131n\u0131n herkesin lehine oldu\u011fu unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em> \u0130dam cezas\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131ran \u00fclkeler s\u0131kl\u0131kla d\u00fcnya bas\u0131n\u0131nda haber olur. Fakat bunun tersini g\u00f6rmek kolay de\u011fildir. Ekim 2017’de kurulan \u0130Y\u0130 Parti’nin lideri Meral Ak\u015fener de 24 Haziran’daki se\u00e7imlerden d\u00f6rt ay \u00f6nce “\u0130dam \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm de\u011fil. \u0130dam meselesi g\u00fcndem de\u011fi\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in ortaya at\u0131l\u0131yor. Kal\u0131c\u0131 cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k olmal\u0131<\/em>” a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131 dikkate almak gerekir.<\/p>\n Son d\u00f6nemde bas\u0131nda yer alan \u00e7ocuk istismar\u0131 ve cinayeti haberlerinin art\u0131\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131nda AKP S\u00f6zc\u00fcs\u00fc Mahir \u00dcnal<\/em>\u2019\u0131n, 3 Temmuz’da “\u00c7ocuk istismar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k yeni d\u00f6nemde idam ve had\u0131m\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcp tart\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z”<\/em> \u00a0a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 e\u011fer siyasi bir \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f de\u011filse, idam\u0131n geri gelmesinin uluslararas\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131nmadan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olabilir.<\/p>\n Uluslararas\u0131 Af \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn idam kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 kampanyas\u0131n\u0131n dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131 Chiara Sangiorgio<\/em>, idam\u0131 cezas\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rd\u0131ktan sonra geri getiren 6 \u00fclke oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Brezilya<\/em>‘da idam cezas\u0131 1882’de kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, askeri darbe sonras\u0131 1969’da geri getirilen ceza, \u00fclke diktat\u00f6rl\u00fckten kurtulduktan sonra 1988 y\u0131l\u0131nda askeri su\u00e7lar hari\u00e7 tutularak yeniden mevzuat d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Arjantin’de askeri darbenin ard\u0131ndan 1976’da y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren idam cezas\u0131, cunta d\u00f6nemi sonras\u0131 1984’te askeri su\u00e7lar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, 2008’de ise tamamen kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Askeri darbe ile idam cezas\u0131n\u0131 geri getiren bir di\u011fer \u00fclke Gambiya\u2019d\u0131r. 1993 y\u0131l\u0131nda idam\u0131 yasaklayan \u00fclke, 1994’teki darbeden bir y\u0131l sonra cezay\u0131 geri getirmi\u015ftir. 2016 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki se\u00e7imi kazanan Adama Barrow 2018 y\u0131l\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda idam cezalar\u0131n\u0131n infazlar\u0131n\u0131 durdurdu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015f ve idam\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler Anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 imzalayarak hedefinin idam\u0131 tamamen kald\u0131rmak oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Brezilya, Arjantin ve Gambiya askeri y\u00f6netimde idam cezas\u0131n\u0131 yasalla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken, 3 \u00fclkede sivil y\u00f6netimler idam cezas\u0131n\u0131 getirmi\u015ftir.1985 y\u0131l\u0131nda idam\u0131 yasalla\u015ft\u0131ran Nepal<\/em>, 1990’da idam\u0131 kald\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1987’de idam cezas\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131ran Filipinler<\/em>, 1993’te idam\u0131 geri getirip, 2006\u2019da yeniden yasaklam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Papua Yeni Gine<\/em> ise sivil y\u00f6netim alt\u0131nda idam cezas\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rd\u0131ktan sonra geri getiren ve daha sonra kald\u0131rmayan \u00fclkedir. \u00dclkede, 1970’te kald\u0131r\u0131lan idam cezas\u0131 1991’de geri getirilse de, ABD’deki Cornell \u00dcniversitesi Hukuk Fak\u00fcltesi’nin D\u00fcnya \u00c7ap\u0131nda \u0130dam Cezas\u0131 Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi verilerine g\u00f6re 1954 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana Papua Yeni Gine’de kimsenin \u00f6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131 infaz edilmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye, idam\u0131 yasaklamaya y\u00f6nelik iki uluslararas\u0131 anla\u015fmaya imza atm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlardan biri, Avrupa Konseyi \u00fcyelerinin imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi’nin (A\u0130HS) 13 Numaral\u0131 Protokol\u00fc\u2019<\/em>d\u00fcr. Bug\u00fcne kadar hi\u00e7bir Avrupa \u00fclkesi bu Protokol\u00fc imzalad\u0131ktan sonra imzas\u0131n\u0131 geri \u00e7ekmemi\u015ftir. BM S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi’nden \u00e7ekilmeyi deneyen tek \u00fclke Kuzey Kore\u2019dir.<\/p>\n Bir di\u011fer anla\u015fma ise Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler \u00fcyesi \u00fclkelerden 86’s\u0131n\u0131n imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ki\u015fisel ve Siyasal Haklar Uluslararas\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi’nin 2 Numaral\u0131 Protokol\u00fc\u2019d\u00fcr.<\/em> Protokol\u00fc imzalayan \u00fclkelerin imzas\u0131n\u0131 geri \u00e7ekmesine y\u00f6nelik bir mekanizma yoktur. Protokol\u00fc imzalayan bir \u00fclkenin daha sonra idam uygulamas\u0131n\u0131 geri getirmesinin hi\u00e7bir yolu bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/em> Protokol\u00fc imzalad\u0131ktan sonra tekrar idam cezas\u0131n\u0131 getiren \u00fclke, bu anla\u015fmadan \u00e7ekilme hakk\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in uluslararas\u0131 anla\u015fmalar\u0131 ihlal etmi\u015f say\u0131l\u0131r. Chiara Sangiorgio, T\u00fcrkiye’nin idam\u0131 geri getirmesi i\u00e7in anla\u015fmadan \u00e7ekilmesini sa\u011flayacak bir mekanizman\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bug\u00fcne kadar Ki\u015fisel ve Siyasal Haklar Uluslararas\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi’ni imzalad\u0131ktan sonra s\u00f6zle\u015fmeden geri \u00e7ekilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan tek \u00fclke Kuzey Kore<\/em> olmu\u015ftur. \u00a0Bu \u00fclke 1997 y\u0131l\u0131nda BM’ye 1981’de imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmeden geri \u00e7ekilece\u011fini bildirmi\u015ftir ama BM \u00fclkeye b\u00f6yle bir hakk\u0131 bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirmi\u015ftir. \u00a0\u0130dam tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n yeniden ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 2016’da TBMM Anayasa Komisyonu Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Prof. Dr. Mustafa \u015eentop,<\/em> \u00a0idam\u0131n “vakti gelince konu\u015fulacak”<\/em> bir konu oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n \u0130dam\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in uluslararas\u0131 anla\u015fmalar\u0131 T\u00fcrk yasalar\u0131ndan \u00fcst\u00fcn tutan anayasan\u0131n 90\u2019nc\u0131 maddesinin yeniden d\u00fczenlenmesi gerekebilir. <\/em><\/p>\n \u0130dam cezas\u0131 anayasaya eklenirse, mahkemeler 90\u2019nc\u0131 maddenin uluslararas\u0131 anla\u015fmalar\u0131 yasalardan \u00fcst\u00fcn tutarken anayasadan \u00fcst\u00fcn tutmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015feklinde bir yorumla idam cezas\u0131n\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayabilir. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe Prof. Dr. \u0130brahim Kabo\u011flu kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: “90. maddenin yorumlanmas\u0131 \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler lehine bir yorumu beraberinde getiriyor: haklar ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler lehine daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir d\u00fczenleme varsa o uygulanmal\u0131 anlam\u0131nda. Hele ki b\u00f6yle bir ya\u015fam hakk\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011fu zaman ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fil de normlar hiyerar\u015fisinin en tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131karmak, insan haklar\u0131na dayanan rejim anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na yabanc\u0131 olmak anlam\u0131na geliyor.”<\/em><\/p>\n Kabo\u011flu\u2019nun idam konusundaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r: “T\u00fcrkiye bu g\u00fcnlerde uluslararas\u0131 topluma a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ve diplomatik olmayan bir dille meydan okuyor. Oysa 1980 darbesinden sonra bile Avrupa Konseyi T\u00fcrkiye’nin \u00fcyeli\u011fini ask\u0131ya almay\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131rken, askeri y\u00f6netim ‘Biz ola\u011fan y\u00f6netime ge\u00e7ece\u011fiz’ dedi ve T\u00fcrkiye, Konsey’in \u00fcyesi olarak kald\u0131![\"\"](\"http:\/\/misak.millidusunce.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/1.jpg\")
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