{"id":3695,"date":"2018-10-24T19:30:34","date_gmt":"2018-10-24T16:30:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/misak.millidusunce.com\/?p=3695"},"modified":"2018-10-20T18:37:28","modified_gmt":"2018-10-20T15:37:28","slug":"avrupa-birligi-ile-muzakere-surecinde-referanduma-gitmeye-gerek-var-mi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/avrupa-birligi-ile-muzakere-surecinde-referanduma-gitmeye-gerek-var-mi\/","title":{"rendered":"Avrupa Birli\u011fi ile m\u00fczakere s\u00fcrecinde referanduma gitmeye gerek var m\u0131?"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131

Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan, T\u00fcrkiye’nin Avrupa Birli\u011fi’ne \u00fcyelik m\u00fczakerelerinin devam\u0131 konusunda bir referandum d\u00fczenlenebilece\u011fini g\u00fcndeme getirmi\u015ftir.<\/p><\/div>\n

Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan ge\u00e7en hafta TRT World Forum’un kapan\u0131\u015f oturumunda T\u00fcrkiye’nin Avrupa Birli\u011fi’ne \u00fcyelik m\u00fczakerelerinin devam\u0131 konusunda bir referandum d\u00fczenlenebilece\u011fini g\u00fcndeme getirmi\u015ftir: “Bir an \u00f6nce yakla\u015f\u0131lsa da, biz de istikametimizi \u00e7izsek diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Sene 2018, h\u00e2l\u00e2 bizi oyal\u0131yorlar. B\u00f6yle zul\u00fcm olmaz. AB bu mant\u0131kla giderse bize d\u00fc\u015fen de herhalde 81 milyona gitmek, 81 milyon ne karar veriyor ona bakmak. \u00d6yle Avrupa \u00fclkeleri var ki, bir sene i\u00e7ine iki, \u00fc\u00e7 referandum s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 22 Haziran 2016\u2019da Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n (\u0130ngiltere) \u00a0Brexit oylamas\u0131ndan \u00f6nce \u201cBiz meseleyi milletimize rahat anlat\u0131r\u0131z. Biz kalkar\u0131z \u0130ngilizlerin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, biz de bir kamuoyu ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131na milletimiz ile gideriz. \u2018AB ile m\u00fczakerelere devam m\u0131, tamam m\u0131?\u2019 diye sorar\u0131z. Milletim \u2018devam\u2019 derse, biz de devam deriz.\u201d<\/em> demi\u015ftir. Bu a\u00e7\u0131klama \u00fczerine AB D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri ve G\u00fcvenlik Politikalar\u0131 Y\u00fcksek Temsilcisi Federica Mogherini ve AB Komisyonu\u2019nun Geni\u015flemeden Sorumlu \u00dcyesi Johannes Hahn\u2019\u0131n s\u00f6zc\u00fcs\u00fc Maja Kocijancic \u015fu a\u00e7\u0131klamada bulunmu\u015ftur: \u201cBu y\u00f6nde karar almas\u0131 gereken T\u00fcrk yetkililerdir.\u201d<\/em> AB yetkilileri, stratejik hedef olarak yans\u0131t\u0131lan AB \u00fcyeli\u011finden vazge\u00e7menin de stratejik hata olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n

Yetkililer, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin AB \u00fcyelik m\u00fczakerelerini referanduma g\u00f6t\u00fcrme hakk\u0131 oldu\u011funu, bunun milli egemenlik alan\u0131na girdi\u011fini ve Br\u00fcksel\u2019in kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu olamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Erdo\u011fan ter\u00f6r tan\u0131m\u0131 sebebiyle vize muafiyeti i\u00e7in ye\u015fil \u0131\u015f\u0131k vermeyen AB\u2019yi ele\u015ftirmi\u015ftir: \u201cBiz meseleyi milletimize rahat anlat\u0131r\u0131z\u2026 \u0130ngilizlerin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi biz de bir kamuoyu ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131na milletimizle gideriz, \u2018AB ile m\u00fczakerelere devam m\u0131 tamam m\u0131?\u2019 diye sorar\u0131z.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n ifadesiyle e\u011fer bir referandum (do\u011frusu plebisit) yap\u0131lsa ve m\u00fczakerelerin durdurulmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde bir karar \u00e7\u0131ksa, AB ile ili\u015fkiler bundan yara al\u0131r. Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Erdo\u011fan,\u00a0 CNN T\u00fcrk\u2019e verdi\u011fi m\u00fclakatta, T\u00fcrkiye ile AB aras\u0131nda ya\u015fanan gerilimi de\u011ferlendirirken,\u00a0 \u201c16 Nisan\u2019dan sonra \u00e7ok s\u00fcrprizlerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fabilirler.<\/em>\u201d demi\u015ftir. M\u00fczakereler dondurulursa,\u00a0 AB ile imzalanm\u0131\u015f Ankara Antla\u015fmas\u0131 ve Katma Protokol gibi iki uluslararas\u0131 hukuk metninin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 olarak ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 g\u00fcndeme gelir.<\/p>\n

Bunun sonucunda g\u00fcmr\u00fck birli\u011finden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131l\u0131r,\u00a0 devam eden vize muafiyet s\u00fcrecine son verilir. AB\u2019den ithal edilen sanayi mallar\u0131na g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergisi uygulanmaya ba\u015flar, benzer \u015fekilde AB\u2019ye ihra\u00e7 edilen sanayi mallar\u0131na da AB ortak g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergisi uygular. AB \u00fclkelerine ihra\u00e7 edilen T\u00fcrk \u00fcr\u00fcnleri pahal\u0131la\u015f\u0131r, ihracat azal\u0131r,\u00a0 d\u0131\u015f ticaret a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 artar. Bu da ekonominin genel dengesini bozar ve T\u00fcrkiye Varl\u0131k Fonu\u2019nun sitesinde yer alan 2023 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ilk 10 ekonomisi aras\u0131na girme hedefi tutturulamaz.<\/p>\n

\u00d6ncelikle referandumun ne anlama geldi\u011fini bilmek gerekir. \u00a0Referandum; anayasa de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi, yasalar\u0131n kabul\u00fc veya \u00f6nemli \u00fclke sorununda halk\u0131n iradesini belirlemek amac\u0131yla yap\u0131lan halk oylamas\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130lk defa 1789’da Frans\u0131z \u0130htilali sonucunda kullan\u0131lan bu sistemle yap\u0131lacak de\u011fi\u015fiklik i\u00e7in halk\u0131n onay\u0131 al\u0131n\u0131r. E\u011fer halk onaylamazsa de\u011fi\u015fiklik yap\u0131lmaz. Halk oylamas\u0131 ABD ve \u0130svi\u00e7re\u2019de temel bir ilke olarak kabul edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Referandum konusunda kafa kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in bat\u0131 dillerinden T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019ye ge\u00e7en \u2018referandum\u2019 ve \u2018plebisit\u2019\u00a0 kavramlar\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k getirmekte yarar vard\u0131r.\u00a0 Her iki durumda halk\u0131n oyuna ba\u015fvurulsa da, i\u00e7 hukuk a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan durum farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Referandum, bir yasama i\u015flemi hakk\u0131nda vatanda\u015flar\u0131n oyuna ba\u015fvurulmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bat\u0131l\u0131 demokrasilerde baz\u0131 konularda do\u011frudan demokrasi y\u00f6ntemi uygulanarak kararlar se\u00e7menler taraf\u0131ndan al\u0131n\u0131r. 16 Nisan\u2019da yap\u0131lan Anayasa metni de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin kabul edilmesiyle ilgili halk oylamas\u0131 bir referandumdur. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k plebisit halka sorulan bir soruya cevap al\u0131nmas\u0131d\u0131r. Referandumda bir metin, plebisitle ise h\u00fck\u00fcmetin bir politikas\u0131 oylanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Referandum, bir yasama i\u015fleminin y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girip girmemesi konusunda halk\u0131n karar\u0131n\u0131 sorma, plebisit ise h\u00fck\u00fcmetin bir politikas\u0131n\u0131 halk deste\u011fi ile me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lma oylamas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu kapsamada \u201cm\u00fczakereler i\u00e7in de bir referandum yap\u0131lmas\u0131\u201d<\/em> demek yerine \u201cm\u00fczakereler i\u00e7in de bir plebisit yap\u0131lmas\u0131<\/em>\u201d daha do\u011fru bir kavramd\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc burada bir yasama i\u015flemi hakk\u0131nda halk\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne de\u011fil, halka sorulan bir soruya cevap aranmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

M\u00fczakereler i\u00e7in plebisit yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n sonucunda e\u011fer olumsuz bir karar \u00e7\u0131karsa, 1959 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana devam eden s\u00fcre\u00e7 sonland\u0131r\u0131lacak, mevcut antla\u015fmalar kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 olarak y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131r\u0131lacak, bunun sonucunda da taraflar aras\u0131ndaki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 anla\u015fmayla g\u00fcmr\u00fck birli\u011fine son verilecektir<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131n AB ile m\u00fczakerelerin devam\u0131 ya da kesilmesi konusunun s\u0131kl\u0131kla g\u00fcndeme getirmesi \u00fczerine ABD\u2019de Demokrat Parti\u2019ye yak\u0131n Center for American Progress (CAP)\u00a0 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce kurulu\u015fu Metropoll ara\u015ft\u0131rma \u015firketine konu ile ilgili bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapt\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. May\u0131s ve Haziran aylar\u0131nda 2,534 kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen ankette \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin AB\u2019nin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131 ister misiniz?\u201d<\/em> sorusuna verilen cevaplarda AB\u2019ye deste\u011fin d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ankete kat\u0131lanlar\u0131n y\u00fczde 49\u2019u \u201cevet,\u201d<\/em>\u00a0 y\u00fczde 50\u2019si \u201chay\u0131r\u201d<\/em> demi\u015ftir. AK Partililerin y\u00fczde 46\u2019s\u0131 AB taraftar\u0131,\u00a0 y\u00fczde 52\u2019si ise AB kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r. CHP\u2019de evet\u00e7iler y\u00fczde 56, hay\u0131rc\u0131lar y\u00fczde 43\u2019t\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nin kamuoyu ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 birimi Eurobarometre\u2019nin ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131na g\u00f6re T\u00fcrk halk\u0131n\u0131n 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fczde 38 olan AB deste\u011fi, 2014\u2019de 10 puanl\u0131k rekor d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fle en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seviye olan y\u00fczde 28\u2019e gerilemi\u015ftir. T\u00fcrklerin y\u00fczde 54\u2019\u00fc \u201cAB \u00fcyeli\u011fi bize hi\u00e7bir \u015fey katmayacak.\u201d<\/em> g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedir. Art\u0131\u015f \u00f6nceki y\u0131la g\u00f6re y\u00fczde 9\u2019dur. 2004 y\u0131l\u0131nda Br\u00fcksel\u2019de al\u0131nan kararla T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye AB kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde esen AB r\u00fczgar\u0131yla T\u00fcrklerin \u00fcyeli\u011fe deste\u011fi y\u00fczde 62 idi. \u0130KV(\u0130ktisadi Kalk\u0131nma Vakf\u0131)\u2019nin 23-24 Nisan 2016 tarihlerinde bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma \u015firketine yapt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 anketin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00a0kamuoyunda AB \u00fcyeli\u011fine destek bir \u00f6nceki y\u0131la g\u00f6re 13 puan artarak\u00a0 y\u00fczde 75 oran\u0131na \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ama ge\u00e7en s\u00fcrede bu kadar art\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 beni \u015fa\u015f\u0131rtm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Metropoll\u2019\u00fcn ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131na g\u00f6re AB \u00fcyeli\u011fine en zay\u0131f destek y\u00fczde 39 ile MHP se\u00e7meninden gelmektedir. \u00dcyeli\u011fe en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc destek y\u00fczde 60 ile HDP\u2019ye aittir. Tersinden soru sorulunca partiler aras\u0131nda \u00e7ok fark g\u00f6r\u00fclmemektedir. AB \u00fclkelerinin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi \u00fcye olarak almak konusundaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri soruldu\u011funda AK Partililerin y\u00fczde 77\u2019si,\u00a0 CHP\u2019lilerin y\u00fczde 79\u2019u, MHP\u2019lilerin y\u00fczde 87\u2019si, HDP\u2019lilerin y\u00fczde 58\u2019i bu konuda olumsuz g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f belirtmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n

\u0130lgin\u00e7 olan \u015fudur: Halk\u0131n y\u00fczde 65\u2019i AB\u2019ye vizesiz seyahat edilmesine ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya gidilmesine\u00a0 s\u0131cak bakmaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcrkler \u201cNATO\u2019da kal\u0131p kalmamak\u201d<\/em> sorusuna y\u00fczde 55 \u201cevet\u201d<\/em>, y\u00fczde 27 \u201chay\u0131r\u201d<\/em> demi\u015flerdir. AK Partililer ile CHP\u2019lilerin NATO\u2019ya destek oranlar\u0131 y\u00fczde 58 ve y\u00fczde 59 iken, MHP\u2019de oran y\u00fczde 65\u2019tir. Bu oranlar T\u00fcrk halk\u0131n\u0131n Bat\u0131\u2019dan kopmas\u0131ndan yana olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Sedat Ergin\u2019in bug\u00fcn H\u00fcrriyet gazetesindeki \u201cAB \u0130\u00e7in Referanduma Gitsek Sonu\u00e7 Ne Olur?\u201d<\/em> ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131ndaki tespitine ben de kat\u0131l\u0131yorum: \u201cT\u00fcrklerin AB\u2019ye tam \u00fcyelik ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda tam bir b\u00f6l\u00fcnme hali i\u00e7inde bulunmalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, konu NATO oldu\u011funda fazla bir teredd\u00fct ta\u015f\u0131mad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebiliriz.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ilk ikisi Anayasa oylamas\u0131 olmak \u00fczere alt\u0131 referandum yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Anayasa de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine ili\u015fkin d\u00f6rt referandumun ikisinde d\u00f6nemin iktidar\u0131n\u0131n destekledi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f halk taraf\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k bulmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/em> 2007 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki referandumunda y\u00fczde 68,95’lik oyla, 2010’da yap\u0131lan 26 maddelik anayasa de\u011fi\u015fiklik referandumunda ise y\u00fczde 57,88’lik oy oran\u0131yla de\u011fi\u015fiklik onaylanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Referandumlardan en \u00f6nemlisi Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n halk taraf\u0131ndan se\u00e7ilmesine ili\u015fkin olan\u0131d\u0131r. Ahmet Necdet Sezer\u2019in g\u00f6rev s\u00fcresinin dolmas\u0131 sonras\u0131nda Abdullah G\u00fcl\u2019\u00fcn 357 oy ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 11. cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 se\u00e7imlerinin ilk turu CHP taraf\u0131ndan Anayasa Mahkemesi’ne ta\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015f, Mahkeme cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 se\u00e7imi i\u00e7in gerekli olan 367 karar yeter say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ayn\u0131 zamanda toplant\u0131 yeter say\u0131s\u0131 da oldu\u011funa karar vererek ilk tur se\u00e7imlerini iptal etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Bunun \u00fczerine ANAP Genel Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Erkan Mumcu cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n halk taraf\u0131ndan se\u00e7ilebilece\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131nca ba\u015fbakan Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan 2003 y\u0131l\u0131nda kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir televizyon program\u0131nda “Ba\u015fkanl\u0131k ve yar\u0131 ba\u015fkanl\u0131k sistemi benim arzumdur.”<\/em>\u00a0 demi\u015ftir. Bunun \u00fczerine AKP, cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n halk taraf\u0131ndan se\u00e7ilmesini \u00f6ng\u00f6ren anayasa de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fini g\u00fcndeme getirmi\u015ftir. De\u011fi\u015fiklik TBMM\u2019de kabul edildikten sonra cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Sezer taraf\u0131ndan onaylanmayarak Meclis’e geri g\u00f6nderilmi\u015ftir. Meclis’te aynen kabul edilerek cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131na tekrar geri g\u00f6nderilen de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Sezer halkoyuna sunma karar\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 22 Temmuz’da yap\u0131lan erken se\u00e7imde Adalet ve Kalk\u0131nma Partisi y\u00fczde 46 oy oran\u0131na ula\u015f\u0131nca, MHP\u2019nin deste\u011fi ile 367 olan toplant\u0131 yeter say\u0131s\u0131 sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f, 28 A\u011fustos\u2019ta ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc turda 339 oy alan Abdullah G\u00fcl cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 se\u00e7ilmi\u015ftir.<\/em><\/p>\n

Baz\u0131 \u00fclke anayasalar\u0131nda referandum ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f, baz\u0131 anayasalarda sadece genel olarak yer verilmi\u015ftir. ABD ve Hollanda Anayasalar\u0131nda referandumla ilgili d\u00fczenlemelere yer verilmemi\u015ftir. \u00dclkelerin \u00e7o\u011funda ulusal seviyede referandum uygulamas\u0131 bulunurken, Almanya ve Bel\u00e7ika anayasalar\u0131nda sadece eyalet d\u00fczeyinde ve yerelde referandum yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Anayasa de\u011fi\u015fikliklerini referanduma sunan Avrupa Birli\u011fi \u00fclkeleri; Avusturya, Danimarka, Estonya, Fransa, \u0130rlanda, \u0130spanya, \u0130talya, Letonya, Litvanya, Polonya, Romanya ve Slovenya\u2019d\u0131r. Macaristan\u2019da anayasan\u0131n de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi sonucunu do\u011furacak olan yasalar\u0131n, Portekiz\u2019de ise anayasadaki de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin referanduma sunulmas\u0131 yasakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Avrupa Birli\u011fi \u00fclkelerinden Estonya, \u0130rlanda, \u0130spanya, Litvanya, Polonya, Portekiz, Romanya, Slovakya ve Yunanistan\u2019da \u00f6nemli ulusal bir konu referanduma sunulmaktad\u0131r. Bel\u00e7ika, Bulgaristan, Fransa, Macaristan, Polonya, Portekiz, Romanya, Slovakya ve Slovenya anayasalar\u0131nda yerel referandum \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Danimarka, Estonya, \u0130talya, Letonya, Macaristan ve Portekiz\u2019de referanduma sunulmas\u0131 yasaklanan konular anayasalar\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtilmi\u015ftir. Bunlar; b\u00fct\u00e7e, vergi, uluslararas\u0131 anla\u015fmalard\u0131r. Danimarka, \u0130talya, Letonya, Litvanya, Macaristan, Slovenya ve Slovakya\u2019da referandumun kabul edilmesi i\u00e7in asgari bir kat\u0131l\u0131m oran\u0131 veya asgari bir kabul oran\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

\u0130ngiltere\u2019nin Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nden ayr\u0131lmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7an referandum ile T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de AB konusunda yap\u0131lacak referandum birbirine kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u0130ngiltere\u2019de Muhafazak\u00e2r Ba\u015fbakan David Cameron 2015 genel se\u00e7imlerinden \u00f6nce, se\u00e7imleri kazanmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan \u00fclkesinin AB\u2019de kal\u0131p kalmamas\u0131 konusunda halk oylamas\u0131na gidece\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Asl\u0131nda Cameron\u2019un amac\u0131 \u00fclkesinin AB\u2019de kalmas\u0131yd\u0131. Bunun i\u00e7in Cameron AB\u2019den istisnalar elde etmek i\u00e7in u\u011fra\u015fm\u0131\u015f, referandum s\u00fcrecinde AB\u2019de kalman\u0131n \u00fclkesinin \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131na oldu\u011funu savunmu\u015ftur. Haziran 2016\u2019da AB\u2019den ayr\u0131lma y\u00f6n\u00fcnde oy kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda istifa edece\u011fini ve AB\u2019den ayr\u0131lma s\u00fcrecini bir ba\u015fka ba\u015fbakan\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fctmesi gerekti\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

15 Aral\u0131k 2016 tarihinde, 27 AB devlet ve h\u00fck\u00fcmet ba\u015fkanlar\u0131, Avrupa Konseyi ve Komisyonu Ba\u015fkanlar\u0131, Avrupa Birli\u011fi Antla\u015fmas\u0131 ve Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nin \u0130\u015fleyi\u015fi Hakk\u0131nda Antla\u015fma\u2019n\u0131n (Lizbon Antla\u015fmas\u0131) 50\u2019nci maddesi uyar\u0131nca \u0130ngiltere taraf\u0131ndan beyan iletilince ayr\u0131l\u0131k m\u00fczakerelerinin ba\u015flat\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Konsey\u2019e rapor verilecek ve Avrupa Parlamentosu d\u00fczenli olarak bilgilendirilecektir.<\/p>\n

Lizbon Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 50\u2019nci maddesi bir \u00fcyenin AB’den ayr\u0131lma s\u00fcrecini a\u00e7\u0131klamaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n

\u201cHer \u00fcye devlet, kendi anayasal kurallar\u0131na uygun olarak Birlik’ten \u00e7ekilmeye karar verebilir. \u00c7ekilme karar\u0131 alan \u00fcye devlet, niyetini Avrupa Birli\u011fi Zirvesi’ne bildirir. Birlik, s\u00f6z konusu devletle, Avrupa Birli\u011fi Zirvesi taraf\u0131ndan belirlenen y\u00f6nlendirici ilkeler \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, bu devletin Birlik ile gelecekteki ili\u015fkisinin \u00e7er\u00e7evesini dikkate alarak, \u00e7ekilmeye ili\u015fkin kurallar\u0131 belirleyen bir anla\u015fmay\u0131 m\u00fczakere eder ve akdeder. Bu anla\u015fma, Avrupa Birli\u011fi’nin \u0130\u015fleyi\u015fi Hakk\u0131nda Antla\u015fma’n\u0131n 218\u2019inci maddesinin 3\u2019\u00fcnc\u00fc paragraf\u0131na uygun olarak m\u00fczakere edilir. <\/em><\/p>\n

Anla\u015fma, Birlik ad\u0131na, Avrupa Parlamentosu’nun muvafakatini ald\u0131ktan sonra, nitelikli \u00e7o\u011funlukla hareket eden Konsey taraf\u0131ndan akdedilir. Anla\u015fmalar\u0131n ilgili \u00fcye devlete uygulanmas\u0131, \u00e7ekilme anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011fi tarihte, bunun ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmemesi halinde, Avrupa Birli\u011fi Zirvesi oy birli\u011fiyle ve ilgili \u00fcye devletle mutab\u0131k kalarak s\u00fcreyi uzatmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde, 2. paragrafta belirtilen bildirimden iki y\u0131l sonra sona erer. 2 ve 3. paragraflar\u0131n ama\u00e7lar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda, \u00e7ekilen \u00fcye devletin Avrupa Birli\u011fi Zirvesi’ndeki veya Konsey’deki temsilcisi, Avrupa Birli\u011fi Zirvesi veya Konsey’de kendisini ilgilendiren g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelere ve kararlara kat\u0131lamaz. Nitelikli \u00e7o\u011funluk, Avrupa Birli\u011fi’nin \u0130\u015fleyi\u015fi Hakk\u0131nda Antla\u015fma’n\u0131n 238\u2019inci maddesinin 3\u2019\u00fcnc\u00fc paragraf\u0131n\u0131n (b) bendine g\u00f6re belirlenir. Birlik’ten \u00e7ekilen bir devlet Birli\u011fe yeniden kat\u0131lmak isterse, talebi 49\u2019uncu maddede belirtilen usule tabi olur.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Tarihi referandumda \u0130ngiltere ve Galler’de (Wales) AB\u2019den ayr\u0131lmay\u0131 isteyen, \u0130sko\u00e7ya ve Kuzey \u0130rlanda’da ise AB’de kalmak isteyen se\u00e7menlerin tercihi \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sand\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131kan karar\u0131n hukuki bir ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen Ba\u015fbakan David Cameron liderli\u011findeki Muhafazak\u00e2r Parti h\u00fck\u00fcmeti s\u00fcreci ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0130ngiltere\u2019de 24 Haziran 2016 tarihinde yap\u0131lan oylamadan \u00f6nce 2013, 2014 ve 2015 y\u0131llar\u0131nda yap\u0131lacak bir referandumda sorulacak sorular tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve 11 soru haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu sorular Gal diline de \u00e7evrilmi\u015ftir. Sonunda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki soru uygun g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. 58 y\u0131ll\u0131k AB tarihinde ilk defa bir \u00fclke AB\u2019den\u00a0 ayr\u0131lmay\u0131 oylam\u0131\u015f, Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k’\u0131n AB’den ayr\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 isteyen se\u00e7menlerin oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 51,8 olurken AB yanl\u0131lar\u0131 ise y\u00fczde 48,2’de kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Referandumda kullan\u0131lan oy pusulas\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"Kutuya

Kutuya x i\u015fareti koyarak se\u00e7iminizi yap\u0131n\u0131z. Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k AB \u00fcyesi olarak kals\u0131n m\u0131 veya Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nden ayr\u0131ls\u0131n m\u0131? – Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nde kals\u0131n, Avrupa Birli\u011fi’nden ayr\u0131ls\u0131n.<\/p><\/div>\n

Kaynak: https:\/\/www.electoralcommission.org.uk\/__data\/assets\/pdf_file\/0006\/192075\/EU-referendum-question-assessment-report.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0130ngiltere 29 Mart 2017 tarihinde Lizbon Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 50\u2019nci maddesini i\u015fleterek 44 y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00fcyeli\u011fin ard\u0131ndan AB\u2019den ayr\u0131lma s\u00fcrecini ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015fbakan Theresa May imzal\u0131 AB\u2019den ayr\u0131lmay\u0131 d\u00fczenleyen mektup, AB Konseyi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Donald Tusk\u2019a AB Daimi Temsilcisi Tim Barrow taraf\u0131ndan verilmi\u015ftir. Avrupa Konseyi, ayr\u0131lma mektubunun iletilmesinden sonra, \u201c\u0130ngiltere\u2019nin Avrupa\u2019dan ayr\u0131lmas\u0131ndan \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fc duyuyoruz, ancak \u015fimdi izlememiz gereken s\u00fcrece haz\u0131r\u0131z. Bizim \u00f6nceli\u011fimiz, \u0130ngiltere, vatanda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z, i\u015fletmelerimiz ve \u00fcye devletlerimiz i\u00e7in verdi\u011fi karar\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirsizli\u011fi olabildi\u011fince azaltmakt\u0131r.\u201d<\/em> a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131nda bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

\u015eimdi g\u00fcncel konuya gelelim. T\u00fcrkiye, \u0130ngiltere gibi bir AB \u00fcyesi de\u011fildir. Bu sebeple AB\u2019den \u00e7\u0131kal\u0131m m\u0131 sorusu sorulamaz.<\/em> AB ile m\u00fczakerelere devam edelim mi sorusu belki g\u00fcndeme gelebilir. Bu durumda taraflar\u0131 ba\u011flayan Ankara Antla\u015fmas\u0131 ve Katma Protokol y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte kalacak m\u0131d\u0131r? Taraflar aras\u0131ndaki G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi ne olacakt\u0131r? Bir serbest ticaret antla\u015fmas\u0131 m\u0131 imzalanacakt\u0131r? 1959 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana devam eden AB \u00fcyelik hayali sona m\u0131 erecektir? 1999 Aral\u0131k Helsinki Zirvesi\u2019ndeki karar geri mi al\u0131nacakt\u0131r? AB liderlerinin ba\u015fvurudan 12 y\u0131l sonra tam \u00fcye adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 stat\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc tan\u0131malar\u0131 ortadan m\u0131 kalkacakt\u0131r? T\u00fcm bu sorular cevaplanmadan referandumdan s\u00f6z etmek ak\u0131lc\u0131 bir davran\u0131\u015f de\u011fildir.<\/em><\/p>\n

D\u00f6nenim D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Ahmet Davuto\u011flu 2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda halk\u0131n Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nden \u00fcmitli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyerek, \u201cMaalesef Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nin bize adil davranaca\u011f\u0131 konusunda ve AB\u2019nin b\u00f6yle bir stratejik vizyona sahip oldu\u011fu konusunda halk g\u00fcvenini kaybetti\u201d<\/em> demi\u015ftir ama AB \u00fcyeli\u011finin T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in stratejik bir hedef oldu\u011funu da belirtmi\u015ftir: \u201cSay\u0131n Ba\u015fbakan\u0131m\u0131z da AK Parti Kongresi\u2019nde a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde s\u00f6yledi. T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in Avrupa Birli\u011fi \u00fcyeli\u011fi hala ve bundan sonra da devam edecek \u015fekilde stratejik bir hedeftir.<\/em> Reddedilsek bile biz Avrupal\u0131y\u0131z.\u201d <\/em>Davuto\u011flu Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Erdo\u011fan gibi T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Avrupa Birli\u011fi s\u00fcrecindeki taahh\u00fctlerine sad\u0131k kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nden de ayn\u0131 sadakati beklediklerini a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/tr\/content\/2012\/11\/15\/davutoglu-abye-sadakat-dersi-verdi\/<\/a>) Ba\u015fbakan Davuto\u011flu 28 Ocak 2015 tarihinde de T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Avrupa Birli\u011fi hedefinin stratejik bir hedef oldu\u011funu ve kararl\u0131l\u0131kla devam ettirilece\u011fini s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Erdo\u011fan, Avrupa Birli\u011fi ile ilgili temaslarda bulunmak \u00fczere gitti\u011fi Bel\u00e7ika\u2019da 5 Eyl\u00fcl 2015 tarihinde \u201cAvrupa\u2019n\u0131n kaderini ve gelece\u011fini T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den ayr\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. AB ile m\u00fczakere s\u00fcrecimizin suni siyasi engellerden ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131larak tekrar canland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirttim. Avrupa Birli\u011fi stratejik hedeftir\u201d<\/em> demi\u015ftir. Erdo\u011fan TBMM Genel Kurulu\u2019nda 1 Ekim 2017 tarihinde \u201cBu s\u00fcreci bitiren, havlu atan, vazge\u00e7en taraf biz olmayaca\u011f\u0131z. Asl\u0131na bakarsan\u0131z, bizim Avrupa Birli\u011fi \u00fcyeli\u011fine ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r” <\/em>\u00a0a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131nda bulunmu\u015ftur. Fakat nedense bir y\u0131l sonra TBMM\u2019nin a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tam tersine “AB’ye s\u0131rt\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 d\u00f6nmemiz s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fil” <\/em>diyerek zihinleri kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019ne 14 Nisan 1987 tarihinde \u00fcyelik ba\u015fvurusunun alt\u0131nda imzas\u0131 olan d\u00f6nemin ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Turgut \u00d6zal\u2019\u0131n,\u00a0\u201cHi\u00e7 be\u011fenmedi\u011fimiz, istemedi\u011fimiz laflar\u0131 duyabiliriz; ama cesaretli, ayn\u0131 zamanda sab\u0131rl\u0131, dikkatli, hesapl\u0131 olmam\u0131z mecburiyeti vard\u0131r. Ancak, bu \u015fartlar alt\u0131nda muvaffak olabilece\u011fimizi s\u00f6yleyebilirim. Ama meseleleri yanl\u0131\u015f g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr, bir sansasyona g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcrsek yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131klar yapar\u0131z, bunda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmayabiliriz. Bu meseleyi, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin gelece\u011finde \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik, \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir ad\u0131m olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyorum.\u201d<\/em> s\u00f6zleri bug\u00fcn i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erlidir.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019ne (ilk ismi ile AET\u2019ye) ortak \u00fcye yapan Ortakl\u0131k Antla\u015fmas\u0131 (Ankara Antla\u015fmas\u0131) 12 Eyl\u00fcl 1963 tarihinde Ankara\u2019da imzalanm\u0131\u015f ve 1 Aral\u0131k 1964 tarihinde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fbakan \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc Antla\u015fma\u2019n\u0131n imza t\u00f6reninde, \u201cBu Antla\u015fma, T\u00fcrkiye ve Zaman Avrupa\u2019y\u0131 ebediyete kadar ba\u011flamaktad\u0131r\u201d<\/em> diyerek \u00f6nemli bir ger\u00e7e\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Ankara Antla\u015fmas\u0131, Roma Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 238\u2019nci maddesine dayanmakta ve T\u00fcrkiye-Topluluk ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n temel ilkelerini belirlemektedir. AET Komisyonu\u2019nun o d\u00f6nemdeki Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Alman Profes\u00f6r Walter Hallstein, Ankara Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n imzalanmas\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Ankara\u2019daki t\u00f6rende yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fmada, \u201cBelli bir ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6neminden sonra T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin AET\u2019ye tam \u00fcye olarak kabul edilmesi gerekti\u011fini\u201d<\/em> savunmu\u015ftur. Hallstein\u2019in bu a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131n sebebi, Ankara Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 28\u2019inci maddesidir.<\/p>\n

Antla\u015fma, Topluluk (AET) ile imzaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in Topluluk i\u00e7in do\u011frudan uygulanan bir topluluk hukuk belgesidir. Topluluk \u00fcyesi \u00fclkelerce imzaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in de uluslararas\u0131 hukuk belgesidir. Ankara Antla\u015fmas\u0131 ve Katma Protokol, birincil topluluk hukukudur. Ankara Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019nda taraflara fesih hakk\u0131 tan\u0131nmam\u0131\u015f, y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fck s\u00fcresi de \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. Bu sebeple, Antla\u015fma\u2019n\u0131n ama\u00e7lar\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fene kadar y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte kalmas\u0131 gerekir. (S. R\u0131dvan Karluk, Avrupa Birli\u011fi, Beta Bas\u0131m, 11. Bask\u0131,\u00a0 \u0130stanbul, 2014, s. 18-26)<\/p>\n

Bu ger\u00e7e\u011fe ra\u011fmen Ba\u015fbakan Erdo\u011fan\u2019\u0131n 18 Temmuz 2012 tarihinde\u00a0 Rusya ziyaretinde Rusya Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Vladimir Putin\u2019e\u00a0\u201cZaman zaman bize tak\u0131l\u0131yorsun. AB\u2019de ne i\u015fin var diyorsun. O zaman ben de \u015fimdi size tak\u0131lay\u0131m. Hadi gelin bizi \u015eanghay Be\u015flisi\u2019ne d\u00e2hil edin, biz de AB\u2019yi g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irelim \u015feklinde bir latife yapt\u0131m.\u201d <\/em>demesi, AB ile T\u00fcrkiye aras\u0131nda imzalanm\u0131\u015f anla\u015fmalara ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131

Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan ve Rusya Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Vladimir Putin<\/p><\/div>\n

Ba\u015fbakan\u2019\u0131n\u00a025 Temmuz 2012 tarihinde Kanal 24\u2019de kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 Sans\u00fcrs\u00fcz \u00d6zel canl\u0131 yay\u0131n\u0131nda\u00a0\u201cT\u00fcrkiye AB s\u00fcrecini unuttu mu?\u201d<\/em> \u015feklinde soruya\u00a0verdi\u011fi cevap, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de acaba eksen kaymas\u0131 m\u0131 oluyor sorusunu g\u00fcndeme getirmi\u015ftir: \u201c\u00c7ok a\u00e7\u0131k ve samimi s\u00f6yleyeyim, bizim asl\u0131nda AB s\u00fcrecini unutmak, kaybetmek diye bir \u015fey s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fil\u2026 Onun i\u00e7in ge\u00e7enlerde Say\u0131n Putin\u2019e onu s\u00f6yledim, ‘bizi \u015eanghay Be\u015flisi i\u00e7ine al\u0131n’ dedim. Al\u0131n bizi \u015eanghay Be\u015flisi i\u00e7ine biz de AB’ye ‘Allaha\u0131smarlad\u0131k’ diyelim, ayr\u0131lal\u0131m oradan.\u201d <\/em>Bu cevap \u00fczerine Yi\u011fit Bulut\u2019un \u201c\u015eanghay Be\u015flisi’ne gelin denilse, T\u00fcrkiye gider mi ger\u00e7ekten?\u201d<\/em> sorusuna Ba\u015fbakan \u201cGidece\u011fimizi s\u00f6yledik. Gelin denilirse, geliriz dedik.\u201d <\/em>cevab\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015ftir. Bulut\u2019un \u201c\u0130kisi birbirine alternatif mi?\u201d\u00a0<\/em>sorusunu Erdo\u011fan \u201c\u015eanghay Be\u015flisi daha iyi, \u00e7ok daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u201d<\/em> diyerek cevapland\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye’nin yeni Berlin B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7ili\u011fi’nin a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7in 1 Kas\u0131m 2012 tarihinde Almanya’ya giden Ba\u015fbakan\u2019\u0131n ziyaretini Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung\u00a0 gazetesi \u201cErdo\u011fan AB’ye \u00fcltimatom verdi\u201d<\/em> ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla verdi\u011fi haberde, Erdo\u011fan’\u0131n Cumhuriyet’in 100’\u00fcnc\u00fc y\u0131l\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye’nin AB’ye al\u0131nmamas\u0131 durumunda AB’nin T\u00fcrkiye’yi kaybedece\u011fi s\u00f6zlerine yer vermi\u015ftir.<\/em> Almanya ziyareti \u00a0<\/sup>sonras\u0131nda Putin\u2019e yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 espriye de a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k getirmi\u015ftir: \u201cBir noktada art\u0131k AB, T\u00fcrkiye’yi kaybetme<\/em> noktas\u0131na gelebilir. Putin’e yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m espride de ben bunu ima ettim. Kamuoyu \u00f6n\u00fcnde de anlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131m bunu. \u2018Niye AB’ye giriyorsunuz?\u2019 diye bana tak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, ben de kendisine esprili bir cevapla\u00a0siz \u015eanghay Be\u015flisi’ne al\u0131n, biz de \u00e7\u0131kal\u0131m kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015ftim<\/em>.\u201d<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fbakan 3-6 \u015eubat 2013 tarihlerinde \u00c7ek Cumhuriyeti, Macaristan ve Slovakya\u2019y\u0131 kapsayan Orta Avrupa turu \u00f6ncesinde havaliman\u0131nda kendisine sorulan bir soru \u00fczerine \u015fu cevab\u0131 vermi\u015ftir:\u201c\u015eanghay Be\u015flisi, AB ile alternatif<\/em> kurulu\u015flar de\u011fildir. Yani birine girdi\u011finde birini terk etme; terk edersin de ayr\u0131 konu.\u201d<\/em> Rusya\u2019n\u0131n St. Petersburg kentinde\u00a023 Kas\u0131m 2013 tarihinde yap\u0131lan T\u00fcrkiye-Rusya \u00dcst D\u00fczey \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi Konseyi toplant\u0131s\u0131nda\u00a0Putin,\u00a0<\/strong>Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n, Avrupa Birli\u011fi ile ticaret anla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalamay\u0131 reddetmesine de\u011finirken T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Avrupa Birli\u011fi \u00fcyeli\u011fiyle ilgili g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerde b\u00fcy\u00fck tecr\u00fcbe sahibi oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyince Ba\u015fbakan Erdo\u011fan \u015fu cevab\u0131 vermi\u015ftir: \u201cBen Say\u0131n Ba\u015fkan\u2019\u0131n bu tespitine kar\u015f\u0131, ba\u015fka bir tespitle diyorum ki<\/em>. <\/em>\u015eanghay \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi Te\u015fkilat\u0131\u2019na gelin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi al\u0131n. Bizi de bu s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131dan kurtar\u0131n. \u015eanghay \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi Te\u015fkilat\u0131 olay\u0131n\u0131 daha \u00f6nce de ifade etmi\u015ftim.\u201d<\/em> Putin bunun \u00fczerine \u015fu a\u00e7\u0131klamay\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: \u201c\u015eunu kesinlikle ifade etmek isterim ki ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z d\u0131\u015f politika konusunda b\u00f6lgede etkin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara devam edece\u011finiz anlam\u0131na geliyor.\u201d <\/em>Erdo\u011fan 15 Aral\u0131k 2014 tarihinde de \u201cAB bizi al\u0131r m\u0131 almaz m\u0131, bizim b\u00f6yle bir derdimiz yok. Kendi g\u00f6be\u011fimizi keseriz. AB kendi i\u015fine baks\u0131n.\u201d<\/em> demi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

TBMM Genel Kurulu’nda 24 May\u0131s 2016 tarihinde Cumhuriyetin 65\u2019inci, Adalet ve Kalk\u0131nma Partisi’nin 7\u2019nci h\u00fck\u00fcmetini sunan Ba\u015fbakan Binali Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m, \u201cT\u00fcrkiye’nin, AB’ye tam \u00fcyeli\u011fini stratejik bir hedef olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Ancak, AB ile ili\u015fkilerimizi, di\u011fer ili\u015fkilerimizin bir alternatifi de\u011fil tamamlay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olarak tan\u0131ml\u0131yoruz. T\u00fcrkiye, AB’ye tam \u00fcyelik i\u00e7in b\u00fct\u00fcn sorumluluklar\u0131n\u0131 yerine getirmektedir. Buna kar\u015f\u0131n AB’nin T\u00fcrkiye’ye y\u00f6nelik konjonkt\u00fcrel yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 ve negatif ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k anlam\u0131na gelen uygulamalar\u0131n do\u011fru bulmuyoruz.\u201d <\/em>demi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fbakan, Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 olduktan sonra 2 Nisan 2017 tarihinde Ankara Atat\u00fcrk K\u00fclt\u00fcr Merkezi’nde toplu a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f t\u00f6reninde Avrupal\u0131 liderlerin Vatikan ziyaretini hat\u0131rlatarak \u201cAB’ye T\u00fcrkiye’yi 54 y\u0131ld\u0131r niye alm\u0131yorlar anlad\u0131n\u0131z m\u0131? Olay tamam\u0131yla Ha\u00e7l\u0131 ittifak\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d <\/em>demi\u015ftir. 9 May\u0131s Avrupa G\u00fcn\u00fc dolay\u0131s\u0131yla yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 mesajda ise referandum s\u00fcrecinde kap\u0131y\u0131 kapatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Avrupa Birli\u011fi \u00fcyeli\u011fini T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in stratejik hedef olarak nitelemi\u015ftir: \u201cTarihi, co\u011frafi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel olarak y\u00fczy\u0131llard\u0131r Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olan \u00fclkemiz, stratejik hedef olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc AB \u00fcyelik s\u00fcrecini, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 sayg\u0131, e\u015fitlik ve kazan-kazan anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde devam ettirmek arzusundad\u0131r.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Mevl\u00fct \u00c7avu\u015fo\u011flu\u2019nun 9 Ocak 2017 tarihindeki \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Avrupa eksiktir.\u201d<\/em> a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131, AB ile iplerin hen\u00fcz kopma noktas\u0131na gelmedi\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir. D\u00f6nemin Ba\u015fbakan Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Mehmet \u015eim\u015fek de \u201cAB bizim i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir \u00e7\u0131pa, Bat\u0131\u2019dan bir kopu\u015f g\u00f6rm\u00fcyorum.\u201d<\/em> tespitinde bulunmu\u015ftur. Di\u011fer Ba\u015fbakan Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Nurettin Canikli de \u201cAvrupa, bizim en b\u00fcy\u00fck ekonomik ortaklar\u0131m\u0131zdan biridir. Bu ticaretten her iki taraf da \u00e7\u0131kar sa\u011fl\u0131yor. \u0130ki taraf\u0131n menfaatini y\u00fckseltecek \u015fekilde ili\u015fkilerimiz devam edecektir.\u201d<\/em> demi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fbakan Binali Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m 21 A\u011fustos 2017 tarihinde Singapur\u2019da T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin temel d\u0131\u015f politika eksenleri bug\u00fcn de g\u00fcncelli\u011fini korudu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015f, \u201cAvrupa Birli\u011fi, \u00fclkemiz i\u00e7in stratejik hedef olmay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor<\/em>\u201d diyerek \u00f6nemli bir tespitte bulunmu\u015ftur: \u201cAB ile \u00e7ok boyutlu ve k\u00f6kl\u00fc ili\u015fkilerimiz var. AB ile G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi i\u00e7inde olan tek aday \u00fclkeyiz. T\u00fcrkiye, AB\u2019nin be\u015finci b\u00fcy\u00fck ticaret orta\u011f\u0131 ve AB ile ticaretimiz yakla\u015f\u0131k 146 milyar dolar seviyesindedir. G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi\u2019ni g\u00fcncelleyerek ticaret hacmini iki kat\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karmay\u0131 hedefliyoruz ve bunun ba\u015far\u0131labilece\u011fini \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

AB-T\u00fcrkiye Y\u00fcksek D\u00fczeyli Ekonomik \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi Toplant\u0131s\u0131, 9 Aral\u0131k 2017 tarihinde T\u00fcrk h\u00fck\u00fcmetinden \u00fc\u00e7 bakan\u0131n kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla Br\u00fcksel\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fbakan Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Mehmet \u015eim\u015fek, G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi’nin g\u00fcncellenmesinin Avrupa Birli\u011fi’nin de \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131na oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftir: “Alman arkada\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z g\u00fcncellemeyi yava\u015flatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar. Hayrete d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyoruz. AB \u00fcyelik s\u00fcrecine ivme kazand\u0131rmaya haz\u0131r\u0131z\u2026 Hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, demokratik standartlar\u0131n y\u00fckseltilmesi ve bireysel \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler konusundaki taahh\u00fctlerimiz ge\u00e7erli. H\u00fck\u00fcmetimiz AB \u00fcyelik s\u00fcrecine ivme kazand\u0131rmaya kararl\u0131d\u0131r. AB\u2019yi de\u011fi\u015fimin motor g\u00fcc\u00fc olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz.”<\/em><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Paris\u2019teki OECD B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7ili\u011fi’nde birlikte g\u00f6rev yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z d\u00f6nemin AB Bakan\u0131 Volkan Bozk\u0131r\u2019\u0131n \u201cAB \u00fcyeli\u011fi bizim stratejik hedefimiz ve medeniyet projesidir.\u201d <\/em>a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 do\u011fru bir tespittir. Ba\u015fbakan Davuto\u011flu\u2019nun\u00a0 \u201cAB bizim i\u00e7in stratejik bir hedeftir. \u0130n\u015fallah \u00f6yle veya b\u00f6yle bir g\u00fcn mutlaka T\u00fcrkiye AB\u2019nin \u00fcyesi olacakt\u0131r.\u201d<\/em> (H\u00fcrriyet, 28.01.2015) g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc \u00f6nemlidir. Davuto\u011flu taraf\u0131ndan TBMM\u2019de sunulan 62\u2019nci H\u00fck\u00fcmet Program\u0131\u2019nda AB \u00fcyeli\u011fi hedefinin benimsenmeye devam edilece\u011fi ve 2014-2017 d\u00f6nemini kapsayan AB\u2019ye Kat\u0131l\u0131m i\u00e7in Ulusal Eylem Plan\u0131 ile reform s\u00fcrecinin h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir. Program\u2019da Avrupa de\u011ferlerinin arkas\u0131nda olunaca\u011f\u0131 ve AB ile kat\u0131l\u0131m m\u00fczakerelerinin \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc d\u0131\u015f politikan\u0131n en \u00f6nemli ayaklar\u0131ndan biri olmaya devam edece\u011fi vurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/em><\/p>\n

Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Erdo\u011fan 4 \u015eubat 2018 tarihinde Roma ziyareti \u00f6ncesinde La Stampa gazetesine verdi\u011fi r\u00f6portajda, \u201cT\u00fcrkiye aday \u00fclke olarak y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerini yerine getiriyor ancak \u00fcyelik s\u00fcreci bizim tek ba\u015f\u0131m\u0131za ilerletebilece\u011fimiz bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 de\u011fil. AB\u2019nin de \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015feni yapmas\u0131 gerekir. Her \u015feyden \u00f6nce bize verilen s\u00f6zlerin tutulmas\u0131 laz\u0131m. AB kat\u0131l\u0131m m\u00fczakerelerinde hem \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fc t\u0131k\u0131yor hem de s\u00fcrecin ilerlememesinin sorumlusu bizmi\u015f gibi g\u00f6steriyor. Bu haks\u0131zl\u0131kt\u0131r. AB \u00fcyesi baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerin T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 alternatifleri g\u00fcndeme getirmeleri de bir haks\u0131zl\u0131kt\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin arzusu, AB\u2019ye tam \u00fcyeliktir. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki se\u00e7enekler, bizleri tatmin etmekten uzakt\u0131r. AB\u2019den beklentimiz, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki suni engellerin bir an \u00f6nce kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve yap\u0131c\u0131 bir tutum izlenmesidir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u00fcyeli\u011fi i\u00e7 siyasi hesaplara kurban edilmemelidir.\u201d<\/em> demi\u015ftir. (\u00a0https:\/\/www.aa.com.tr\/tr\/dunya\/cumhurbaskani-erdogan-abden-beklentimiz-onumuzdeki-suni-engellerin-kaldirilmasi-\/1054022<\/a> )<\/p>\n

59\u2019uncu Cumhuriyet H\u00fck\u00fcmeti\u2019nin Program\u0131\u2019nda Avrupa Birli\u011fi ile ili\u015fkiler ile ilgili paragraf \u015f\u00f6yledir: \u201cT\u00fcrkiye, Avrupa siyas\u00ee de\u011ferler sisteminin bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Avrupa \u00fclkeleriyle ili\u015fkiler, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin d\u0131\u015f politika g\u00fcndeminde en \u00fcst s\u0131ralarda yer almaya bundan sonra da devam edecektir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019ne tam \u00fcyeli\u011fi, h\u00fck\u00fcmetimizin hedeflerinin ba\u015f\u0131nda gelmektedir. 3 Kas\u0131m se\u00e7imlerinden ba\u015far\u0131yla \u00e7\u0131kar \u00e7\u0131kmaz, Avrupa Birli\u011fi konusunda ciddi bir etkinlik \u00fcrettik ve 2004 Aral\u0131k ay\u0131na, m\u00fczakere i\u00e7in m\u00fczakere tarihi alma ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131, AK Parti h\u00fck\u00fcmeti d\u00f6neminde ba\u015far\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. H\u00fck\u00fcmetimiz, Kopenhag kriterlerini tam olarak yerine getirme konusunda kararl\u0131d\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Avrupa Birli\u011fi ailesi i\u00e7erisinde hak etti\u011fi yeri en k\u0131sa zamanda almas\u0131n\u0131n iki tarafa getirece\u011fi kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, Avrupa k\u0131tas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6tesinde, bar\u0131\u015f, istikrar ve g\u00fcvenlik y\u00f6nlerinden olumlu sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furaca\u011f\u0131 ku\u015fkusuzdur.\u201d <\/em><\/p>\n

1959 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015flayan ama bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc sonu\u00e7lanmayan AB \u00fcyeli\u011fi ger\u00e7ekle\u015femez ise, bunun alternatiflerinin ortaya konulmas\u0131n\u0131n gerekli oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. AB Devlet ve H\u00fck\u00fcmet Ba\u015fkanlar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 17 Aral\u0131k 2004 tarihinde T\u00fcrkiye AB\u2019ye \u00fcye olamazsa, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin, AB kurumlar\u0131na demirlenmesi (is fully anchored in the European structures) tespitini uygun bulmuyorum. Demirlemek \u015fu demektir: \u201cAvrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019ne e\u011fer \u00fcye olamayacaksan\u0131z, AB\u2019den fazla uzaklara da gitmeyin.\u201d<\/em>\u00a0 Bu bir Bobon kriteridir. Taraf\u0131mdan AB\u2019nin \u00e7ifte standard\u0131n\u0131 belirmek i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m Bobon kriterinin a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir: \u2018BO: Bizden Olanlar\u2019, \u2018BON: Bizden Olmayanlar\u2019. \u00a0Avrupa Birli\u011fi T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi BON kapsam\u0131nda alg\u0131lasa da,\u00a0 Avrupa Birli\u011fi Bakan\u0131 \u00d6mer \u00c7elik\u2019in Tallin\u2019de 7-8 Eyl\u00fcl 2017 tarihlerinde d\u00fczenlenen AB Gayr\u0131resmi D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanlar\u0131 Toplant\u0131s\u0131\u2019nda (Gymnich) AB \u00fcyeli\u011finin T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in stratejik bir hedef oldu\u011funu ve “Bu hedef korunmaktad\u0131r.\u201d<\/em> de\u011ferlendirmesi dikkate al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130zmir\u2019de 19 A\u011fustos 2017 tarihinde Ticari ve Ekonomik \u0130\u015fbirli\u011finde Yeni D\u00f6nem ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla d\u00fczenlenen T\u00fcrkiye-Rusya \u0130\u015f Forumu\u2019nda bir konu\u015fma yapan d\u00f6nemin Ekonomi Bakan\u0131 Nihat Zeybek\u00e7i, Merkel\u2019in \u2018g\u00fcmr\u00fck birli\u011fini g\u00fcncellemeyece\u011fiz\u2019 demecinin yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015f, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin AB ile olan birlikten ayr\u0131lmadan Avrasya G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi\u2019ne d\u00e2hil olmay\u0131 hedeflediklerini a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bakan Zeybek\u00e7i Pamukkale\u2019de 13 Aral\u0131k 2014 tarihinde d\u00fczenlenen Serbest B\u00f6lgeler \u00c7al\u0131\u015ftay\u2019\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fmada da \u201cAvrasya G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi, T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in vazge\u00e7ilmezdir. Biz orada olmak zorunday\u0131z. K\u00f6rfez \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi Te\u015fkilat\u0131 i\u00e7inde olmak zorunday\u0131z. Orta Afrika Birli\u011fi denen\u2026 birli\u011fin i\u00e7inde yer almak zorunday\u0131z\u201d <\/em>diyerek T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Avrasya Ekonomik (G\u00fcmr\u00fck) Birli\u011fi\u2019nde yer almas\u0131 gere\u011fi \u00fczerinde durmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Bilim, Sanayi ve Teknoloji Bakan\u0131 Faruk \u00d6zl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn \u201cAnkara-Moskova aras\u0131ndaki mesafe, Ankara-Br\u00fcksel aras\u0131ndaki mesafeden daha yak\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/em>\u201d a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131n da fiziksel km uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131nda yarar vard\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, Ankara-Moskova 2,406 km, Ankara-Br\u00fcksel ise 3,121 km’dir. Aksi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcrse, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Bat\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131 ile ili\u015fkileri sorgulan\u0131r duruma gelir. Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Ba\u015fdan\u0131\u015fman\u0131 Yi\u011fit Bulut\u2019un 9 Ekim 2018 tarihinde TRT\u2019de T\u00fcrk Rus entegrasyonu ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilecek a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 ve 10 Ekim yaz\u0131s\u0131ndaki \u201cBat\u0131, acaba yeni d\u00f6nemde Rus co\u011frafyas\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l alg\u0131l\u0131yor ve T\u00fcrk Rus yak\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131, co\u011frafyalar entegrasyonunu engellemek ad\u0131na nas\u0131l bir plan i\u00e7indeler?\u201d<\/em> g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne kat\u0131lmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.\u00a0 K\u0131r\u0131m T\u00fcrk k\u00f6kenli biri olarak belirtmem gerekir ki, y\u00fcz binlerce K\u0131r\u0131m T\u00fcrk\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 K\u0131r\u0131m, Rusya taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fgal edilmi\u015ftir ve K\u0131r\u0131m T\u00fcrklerine b\u00fcy\u00fck bask\u0131 yap\u0131larak asimile edilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

D\u00f6nemin Ekonomi Bakan\u0131 Zeybek\u00e7i\u2019nin \u201cAvrasya G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi, T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in vazge\u00e7ilmezdir. Biz orada olmak zorunday\u0131z.\u201d<\/em> a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 do\u011fru de\u011fildir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Ankara Antla\u015fmas\u0131 ve Katma Protokol de\u011fi\u015fmedi\u011fi s\u00fcrece GATT\/WTO kurallar\u0131 gere\u011fince T\u00fcrkiye ayn\u0131 anda iki farkl\u0131 g\u00fcmr\u00fck birli\u011fi i\u00e7inde olamaz.<\/em> (S. R\u0131dvan Karluk, Uluslararas\u0131 Kurulu\u015flar, Beta Bas\u0131m, 7. Bask\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 2014, s. 225-285) AB yetkilileri bu a\u00e7\u0131klamalar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda mutlaka b\u0131y\u0131k alt\u0131ndan g\u00fclm\u00fc\u015flerdir. \u00d6\u011frencilerim bu hatay\u0131 yapmazken, say\u0131n bakan\u0131n bu \u015fekilde bas\u0131na deme\u00e7 vermesi do\u011fru olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Erdo\u011fan 9 Ekim\u2019deki Budape\u015fte ziyaretinde AB\u2019nin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye sergiledi\u011fi tutumu ele\u015ftirerek, \u201c1963\u2019ten bu yana oyalanan bir T\u00fcrkiye var. Hi\u00e7bir AB \u00fcyesi \u00fclkeye b\u00f6yle bir zul\u00fcm yap\u0131lmad\u0131. Ne evet, ne hay\u0131r. Evetse evet, hay\u0131rsa hay\u0131r. Samimi olmak laz\u0131m. Alacaksan\u0131z sinyallerini verin, almayacaksan\u0131z bunu da s\u00f6yleyin. Ne bizi yorun, ne biz sizi yoral\u0131m. Siz yolunuza, biz yolumuza devam edelim. Bu kadar a\u00e7\u0131k ve net olmak laz\u0131m. Bu ad\u0131m\u0131 da buna g\u00f6re atmak laz\u0131m diyorum ve \u015fu anda bir sab\u0131r noktas\u0131nday\u0131z.\u201d<\/em> \u00a0demi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in zaman zaman \u201cBat\u0131ya giden gemide Do\u011fuya ko\u015fan \u00fclke\u201d<\/em> benzetmesi yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ama bunun do\u011fru olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u00fcye oldu\u011fu Avrupal\u0131 ekonomik, askeri ve siyasi kurulu\u015flar taraf\u0131ndan ispatlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00fclke AB d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm Avrupal\u0131 kurulu\u015flara \u00fcye de\u011fildir. <\/em><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye ve AB, G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi\u2019nin i\u015fleyi\u015finde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan sorunlara \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm getirmek ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn k\u00fcresel ticari ko\u015fullar\u0131na uyumunu sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla May\u0131s 2015\u2019te Br\u00fcksel\u2019de G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi\u2019nin g\u00fcncellenmesi konusunda anla\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Komisyon, 2015 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi\u2019nin g\u00fcncellenmesine ili\u015fkin etki analizi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctmektedir. S\u00fcre\u00e7, hizmetler ve tar\u0131m sekt\u00f6r\u00fc ile kamu ihalelerinin de eklenmesiyle ekonominin ticarete konu olan b\u00fct\u00fcn alanlar\u0131n\u0131 kapsamaktad\u0131r. G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011finin derinle\u015fmesi,\u00a0 ekonominin AB ekonomileriyle olan b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fmesini ilerletecektir ama T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u00fcyeli\u011fine alternatif olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/em> \u00a0<\/strong>D\u00f6nemin AB Bakan\u0131 Volkan Bozk\u0131r\u2019a g\u00f6re G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi g\u00fcncellemesiyle AB ile 150 milyar dolar olan ticaretimiz 300 milyar dolara \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Derinle\u015fme s\u00fcreci, AB ile ABD aras\u0131nda m\u00fczakereleri devam eden Transatlantik Ticaret ve Yat\u0131r\u0131m Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na (Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership: TTIP) T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 da kolayla\u015ft\u0131racakt\u0131r. TTIP d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kal\u0131nmas\u0131 durumunda, Almanya\u2019da yerle\u015fik IFO Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc (Institute for Economic Research) taraf\u0131ndan Almanya Federal Ekonomi ve Teknoloji Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ad\u0131na yap\u0131lan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ekonomik kayb\u0131 20 milyar dolar (milli gelirinin %2.5\u2019i) civar\u0131nda olacakt\u0131r (IFO Institute, 2013).<\/p>\n

2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131nlanan Rapor\u2019da G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi\u2019nin derinle\u015ftirilmesinin T\u00fcrkiye ekonomisi \u00fczerinde olumlu etkileri olaca\u011f\u0131 vurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/strong>.<\/h2>\n

Tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ticaretindeki tarife ve tarife d\u0131\u015f\u0131 engellerin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla birlikte hizmetler ticaretinin serbestle\u015ftirilmesi senaryosunda milli gelirin y\u00fczde 0,46 oran\u0131nda\u00a0 (cari rakamlarla yakla\u015f\u0131k 3,5 milyar dolar)\u00a0 artabilece\u011fi hesaplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (WB, 2014: 15).<\/p>\n

Derinle\u015ftirilmi\u015f G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi\u2019nin ekonomik a\u00e7\u0131dan getirece\u011fi en b\u00fcy\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fiklik, T\u00fcrkiye ekonomisinin yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 70\u2019ini olu\u015fturan hizmetler sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn AB rekabetine a\u00e7\u0131lacak olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu geli\u015fme, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin milli gelirini y\u00fczde 0,2 oran\u0131nda\u00a0 (2014 y\u0131l\u0131 rakamlar\u0131na g\u00f6re 1,5 milyar dolar) art\u0131racakt\u0131r. Sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi\u2019ne d\u00e2hil edilmesi; bankac\u0131l\u0131k, ula\u015ft\u0131rma,\u00a0 haberle\u015fme, enerji ve turizm sekt\u00f6rlerini etkileyecektir.<\/p>\n

D\u00f6nemin Ba\u015fbakan Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Mehmet \u015eim\u015fek, \u201cT\u00fcrkiye-AB ticaret hacmi \u015fu anda 158-160 milyar dolar civar\u0131nda. Buna bizim de niyet etti\u011fimiz gibi hizmetleri, kamu al\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131, ziraat\u0131 d\u00e2hil ederseniz rahat\u00e7a ticaret hacmini iki kat\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karabilirsiniz ki bu da T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi AB\u2019nin \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00fcy\u00fck ticaret orta\u011f\u0131ndan biri yapar.\u201d<\/em> demi\u015ftir. \u0130KV Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Ayhan Zeytino\u011flu\u2019nun \u201cG\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011finin derinle\u015ftirilmesi T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi orta gelir tuza\u011f\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131karacak potansiyeli ta\u015f\u0131yor ama tam \u00fcyelik perspektifi unutulmamal\u0131.<\/em>\u201d tespiti, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin AB hedefinden vazge\u00e7medi\u011finin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izmesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir<\/p>\n

Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nde a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sa\u011f\u0131n y\u00fckselmesi ve m\u00fczakerelerin pop\u00fclist yakla\u015f\u0131mlara kurban edilmesi durumunda ili\u015fkilerde bir d\u00fczelme olmas\u0131 zordur. Bu bak\u0131mdan Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Erdo\u011fan hakl\u0131d\u0131r ama pireye k\u0131z\u0131p yorgan yakmamak gerekir. Prof. Dr. Burhan Kuzu NTV kanal\u0131nda pop\u00fclist bir yakla\u015f\u0131mla \u201cAvrupa\u2019dan \u00e7\u0131kal\u0131m.\u201d<\/em> demi\u015ftir ama T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin hen\u00fcz AB \u00fcyesi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 san\u0131r\u0131m bilmemektedir. Bunu kendisine birilerinin hat\u0131rlatmas\u0131nda yarar vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

11\u2019inci Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Do\u00e7. Dr. Abdullah G\u00fcl\u2019\u00fcn 25\u2019inci Kalite Kongresi\u2019nin a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u201cEsas hedef, AB\u2019nin 27-28 \u00fcye \u00fclkesinden biri olmak de\u011fildir; mesele o seviyede bir \u00fclke olmakt\u0131r. Bunu Avrupa\u2019y\u0131 tatmin etmek, Avrupa\u2019ya taviz vermek anlam\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcrseniz yan\u0131l\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z\u201d<\/em> a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 bu kapsamda de\u011ferlendirilmelidir. AB Bakan\u0131 \u00d6mer \u00c7elik, Roma Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 60\u2019\u0131nc\u0131 y\u0131l kutlamalar\u0131na T\u00fcrkiye gibi aday \u00fclkelerin davet edilmemesinin kabul edilemez oldu\u011funa Polonya ziyaretinde dikkat \u00e7ekmi\u015ftir: \u201c\u0130ngiltere\u2019yi de davet etmedik diyorlar. AB\u2019ye kat\u0131lmak i\u00e7in m\u00fczakere y\u00fcr\u00fcten, gelece\u011fini AB i\u00e7inde g\u00f6ren \u00fclkeyle kendi iradesiyle AB\u2019den \u00e7\u0131kmak isteyen bir \u00fclkeyi ayn\u0131 kefede g\u00f6rmek bir vizyon iflas\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d<\/em> T\u00fcrkiye-AB Karma \u0130sti\u015fare Komitesi 35\u2019inci toplant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131nda konu\u015fan \u00c7elik, \u201cD\u0131\u015flay\u0131c\u0131, fas\u0131llar\u0131 siyasi sebeplerle a\u00e7mayan bir yakla\u015f\u0131mla ilerlemek s\u00f6z konusu olmaz.\u201d<\/em> diyerek AB\u2019yi ele\u015ftirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

AB\u2019nin K\u0131br\u0131s konusunda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bask\u0131lar, ge\u00e7mi\u015fte T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye \u0131srarla \u00f6nerdi\u011fi imtiyazl\u0131 ortakl\u0131k ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Bobon kriterleri sebebiyle T\u00fcrk kamuoyunda AB\u2019ye y\u00f6nelik destek yukar\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi giderek d\u00fc\u015fmektedir. T\u00fcrk kamuoyu art\u0131k \u00fclkemizin bir g\u00fcn AB \u00fcyesi olaca\u011f\u0131na inanmamaktad\u0131r. Kamuoyu deste\u011fi olmadan T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019nde hi\u00e7bir h\u00fck\u00fcmet AB\u2019ye \u00fcyelik konusunda istekli olmayacakt\u0131r. <\/em><\/p>\n

Bu durumda T\u00fcrkiye ile Bat\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiler zay\u0131flarsa, bu durumda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bir eksen kaymas\u0131 olabilir. Fakat bu kayma hi\u00e7bir zaman \u015eanghay \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi Kurulu\u015fu ya da Avrasya G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde olmamal\u0131d\u0131r. E\u011fer olursa Rusya,\u00a0 Ermenistan ve \u00c7in ile ayn\u0131 blokta yer al\u0131r\u0131z ki bu b\u00fcy\u00fck\u00a0 hata olur.<\/em> Ermeni k\u00f6kenli T\u00fcrk iktisat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 Prof. Dr. Daren Acemo\u011flu, Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019ne ve de NATO\u2019ya alternatif olarak \u015eanghay Be\u015flisi\u2019ne \u00fcye olmas\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan olumlu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Bat\u0131\u2019yla ili\u015fkisi hi\u00e7bir zaman sorunsuz de\u011fildi. Bir ad\u0131m geri, bir ad\u0131m ileri gidiyordu. Avrupa\u2019yla yak\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z d\u00f6nemler hep iyi netice verdi.\u201d <\/em><\/p>\n

Taraflar aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkilerde \u00f6nemli anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ama AB \u00fcyeli\u011fi hedefinden bir sapma, AB\u2019ye y\u00f6neltilen ele\u015ftirilere ra\u011fmen \u015fimdilik s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc 2001, 2003 ve 2008 y\u0131llar\u0131nda g\u00fcncellenerek Bakanlar Kurulu karar\u0131yla Resmi Gazete\u2019de yay\u0131nlanan AB \u00fcyeli\u011fi hedefine y\u00f6nelik T\u00fcrkiye Ulusal Program\u0131\u2019n\u0131n giri\u015f b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcndeki hedefte bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Son zamanda g\u00fcndemde olan AB ile vize serbestisi i\u00e7in T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u00f6n\u00fcne 72 kriter sunulmu\u015f, T\u00fcrkiye bunlar\u0131n 65’ini kar\u015f\u0131lam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hen\u00fcz tamamlanmayan 7 kriter \u015funlard\u0131r: AB ile hukuki i\u015fbirli\u011finin sa\u011flanmas\u0131, ifade, toplanma, \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme ve bas\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi, yolsuzluk ve r\u00fc\u015fvetle m\u00fccadele, bilgi g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, ter\u00f6r tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yeniden yap\u0131lmas\u0131 (ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadele kanununda de\u011fi\u015fiklik), g\u00f6\u00e7menler i\u00e7in geri kabul anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131 ve biyometrik pasaportlar\u0131n Avrupa standartlar\u0131na y\u00fckseltilmesi.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye ter\u00f6r tan\u0131m\u0131 maddesine itiraz etti\u011fi i\u00e7in m\u00fczakereler durma noktas\u0131na gelmi\u015ftir. Ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadelenin bu denli yo\u011fun ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemde T\u00fcrkiye hakl\u0131 olabilir ama r\u00fc\u015fvetle m\u00fccadele ne durumda, ki\u015fisel bilgiler g\u00fcvende mi, bas\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ne durumda sorular\u0131n\u0131 da cevaplamak durumundad\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n

Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Erdo\u011fan\u2019\u0131n \u201c16 Nisan\u2019da Evet \u00e7\u0131karsa bizi AB\u2019ye almazlarm\u0131\u015f. Ah bu karar\u0131 bir verebilseler. Bizim i\u015fimizi kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rlar. \u00c7ok daha seri karar almam\u0131za bunlar vesile olur\u201d<\/em> a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131, bir tepkinin sonucudur. \u00a0Bat\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda Antalya\u2019da yap\u0131lan Tatl\u0131 Dil Forumu i\u00e7in gelen T\u00fcrk k\u00f6kenli d\u00f6nemin \u0130ngiltere D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Boris Johnson gibi siyaset\u00e7ilerin oldu\u011fu da unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Johnson, \u201cT\u00fcrkiye-AB g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 herkesin yarar\u0131na\u201d t<\/em>espitinde bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

\u0130ngiliz D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Jack Straw 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanan kitab\u0131n\u0131n 18\u2019inci b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc Avrupa Birli\u011fi ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye\u00a0 ay\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hasta Adam Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k Veriyor: Avrupa ve T\u00fcrkiye <\/em>ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmde Straw m\u00fczakere s\u00fcrecinin ba\u015flamas\u0131ndan bu yana Angela Merkel ile Nicolas Sarkozy gibi Avrupal\u0131 siyaset\u00e7ilerin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin AB \u00fcyeli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlatarak bu iki siyaset\u00e7inin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u00fcyeli\u011fini arzulamamas\u0131n\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin M\u00fcsl\u00fcman bir \u00fclke olmas\u0131na ba\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<\/em><\/p>\n

\u201c33 m\u00fczakere ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, 17\u2019si engellenmi\u015f durumda. Hi\u00e7bir aday \u00fclkeye b\u00f6yle davran\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Acil sorun K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019t\u0131r. Bu sorun, Fransa, Almanya ve \u0130ngiltere tek ses olursa \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilir. Fransa\u2019n\u0131n eski Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Nicolas Sarkozy, Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n kendisine s\u0131n\u0131r \u00e7izmesi gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yledi\u011finde, co\u011frafi s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 kastetmemi\u015fti. \u00d6yle olsayd\u0131, Malta veya G\u00fcney K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n al\u0131nmamas\u0131 gerekirdi. Kastetti\u011fi dini s\u0131n\u0131rlard\u0131. T\u00fcm bunda kaybedecek olan AB\u2019dir, T\u00fcrkiye de\u011fil. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin AB\u2019ye duydu\u011fu ihtiya\u00e7tan \u00e7ok, AB\u2019nin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye \u015fu anda ihtiyac\u0131 vard\u0131r.\u201d<\/em> (Straw, 2013: Chapter 18 ).<\/p>\n

Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Erdo\u011fan \u201c\u015eimdi Avrupa Birli\u011fi \u00fcyesi \u00fclkeler Vatikan\u2019da bir araya geldiler. Bu geli\u015fmeler bir \u015feyi \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor; hay\u0131rd\u0131r ya Vatikan\u2019da niye bir araya geldiniz? Papa\u2019n\u0131n huzurunda niye bir araya geldiniz? Papa ne zamandan beri Avrupa Birli\u011fi \u00fcyesi oldu. Ha\u00e7l\u0131 ittifak\u0131 kendini eninde sonunda g\u00f6sterdi. Bu budur. Bize bug\u00fcne kadar ne dediler? \u2018\u0130kide bir bize b\u00f6yle diyorsunuz ama b\u00f6yle bir \u015fey yok.\u2019 Evet, siz T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi M\u00fcsl\u00fcman oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in i\u00e7eri alm\u0131yorsunuz.\u201d \u00a0<\/strong><\/em>diyerek Straw\u2019a hak vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Avrupa Birli\u011fi dini temele dayanan bir kurulu\u015f de\u011fildir. AB \u00fcyesi \u00fclkelerin 28 \u00fcyesi Hristiyand\u0131r ama T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin de \u00fcyesi oldu\u011fu ve Paris\u2019te OECD Daimi Temsicili\u011finde 5 y\u0131l g\u00f6rev yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m Ekonomik Kalk\u0131nma ve \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc OECD\u2019nin (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) 36 \u00fcyesi aras\u0131nda sadece T\u00fcrkiye M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00fclkedir.<\/em> Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan de\u011ferlendirdi\u011fimizde AB \u00fcyeli\u011fimiz konusunda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan sorunlar\u0131 tamamen din fark\u0131na dayand\u0131rmak do\u011fru de\u011fildir.<\/em><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye, 1856 Paris Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019ndan sonra y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc Bat\u0131\u2019ya \u00e7evirmi\u015f, Tanzimat\u2019tan bu yana da Bat\u0131\u2019ya y\u00f6nelmi\u015f d\u00fcnyadaki tek M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00fclkedir. T\u00fcrkiye, laik ve demokratik ilkeleri benimsemi\u015f, Bat\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131 ile ortak s\u0131n\u0131ra sahip ve ona kom\u015fu, AB \u00fclkeleri ile tarihi ili\u015fkileri bulunan, d\u00fcnya \u00fczerinde mevcut 57 \u0130slam \u00fclkesi aras\u0131nda ekonomik, politik, sosyal, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve sportif alanlarda en geli\u015fmi\u015fler aras\u0131nda yer alan, hayat tarz\u0131 olarak kendi k\u00fclt\u00fcrel de\u011ferlerini koruyarak Bat\u0131\u2019y\u0131 se\u00e7mi\u015f bir \u00fclkedir.<\/em><\/p>\n

Dokuzuncu Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 merhum S\u00fcleyman Demirel\u2019in Ayd\u0131n Do\u011fan\u2019a 7 \u015eubat 2015 tarihinde yazm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu mektuptaki \u201cT\u00fcrkiye, ne olursa olsun, Avrupa Birli\u011fi \u00e7\u0131pas\u0131na sar\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bundan vazge\u00e7mek olmaz.\u201d<\/em> a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de ge\u00e7erlili\u011fini korumaktad\u0131r. (H\u00fcrriyet, 19.06.2015) T\u00fcrkiye aidiyet a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6teden beri bat\u0131l\u0131 bir y\u00f6nelim i\u00e7inde olmu\u015ftur. Bundan sonra da olmaya devam edecektir. Avrupa Birli\u011fi ile ili\u015fkilerin kopmas\u0131, K\u0131br\u0131s sorunun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc de g\u00fc\u00e7le\u015ftirecektir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin uzak bir ihtimal olsa da g\u00fcn\u00fcn birinde AB \u00fcyesi olmas\u0131, K\u0131br\u0131s sorunun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc de katk\u0131da bulunacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Atat\u00fcrk, \u00f6zellikle Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kazan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 izleyen y\u0131llardaki konu\u015fmalar\u0131nda \u201cuygarl\u0131k ve \u00e7a\u011fda\u015fla\u015fma\u201d<\/em> kavramlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u00f6nemle durmu\u015ftur. Atat\u00fcrk T\u00fcrk toplumunda \u00e7a\u011fda\u015fla\u015fmay\u0131 hayat tarz\u0131 olarak kabul etmektedir. Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn \u201cD\u00fcnyada her milletin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, k\u0131ymeti, h\u00fcrriyet ve istiklal hakk\u0131, ancak g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi ve g\u00f6sterece\u011fi medeni eserlerle orant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Medeni eser v\u00fccuda getirmek kabiliyetinden mahrum milletler, h\u00fcrriyet ve istiklallerinden soyunma\u011fa mahk\u00fbmdurlar.\u201d <\/em>g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erlidir.<\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nder Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn 29 Ekim 1923 tarihinde Frans\u0131z yazar Maurice Pernot\u2019ya verdi\u011fi demecin unutulmamas\u0131nda yarar vard\u0131r: \u201cKabul etmelisiniz ki, do\u011fuda ya\u015famay\u0131 se\u00e7meye mecbur oldu\u011funuz i\u00e7in, \u0131rk\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n be\u015fi\u011fi ile ilgili olmas\u0131 nedeniyle m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu kadar yak\u0131n bat\u0131y\u0131 bir yerle\u015fim yeri se\u00e7tik. Fakat v\u00fccutlar\u0131m\u0131z do\u011fuda ise fikirlerimiz bat\u0131ya do\u011fru y\u00f6nelik kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Memleketimizi asrile\u015ftirmek istiyoruz. B\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131z T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de asri binaenaleyh bat\u0131l\u0131 bir h\u00fck\u00fcmet v\u00fccuda getirmektir. Medeniyete girmek arzu edipte Bat\u0131ya y\u00f6nelmemi\u015f millet hangisidir?\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Bu hedeften sapma \u015fimdiye kadar olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, bundan sonra da olmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em> Bir d\u00f6nem Y\u00f6netim Kurulu\u2019nda bulundu\u011fum, 1981 y\u0131l\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131lan Beh\u00e7et Osmana\u011fao\u011flu \u0130nceleme Yar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda Birincilik \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m AET ile \u0130li\u015fkilerimizin Atat\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fc Ekonomik Politika A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan De\u011ferlendirilmesi<\/em> ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmamda bu konuyu ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. Avrupa Birli\u011fi s\u00fcrecinin T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin stratejik hedefi ve bir medeniyet projesi oldu\u011fu unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Merhum Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131m\u0131z Turgut \u00d6zal\u2019\u0131n 14 Nisan 1987 tarihindeki \u00fcyelik ba\u015fvurusu s\u0131ras\u0131nda s\u00f6yledi\u011fi \u201cBu uzun ve me\u015fakkatli bir yoldur. Bizi cayd\u0131rmak i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u015fey yapacaklar. Ama y\u0131lmamal\u0131y\u0131z.\u201d<\/em> g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc yok saymamal\u0131y\u0131z. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Lucius Annaeus Seneca \u00a0\u201cHangi kap\u0131ya y\u00f6neldi\u011fini bilmeyen hi\u00e7bir zaman uygun esen r\u00fczg\u00e2r\u0131 bulamaz.\u201d<\/em> (ignoranti quem portum petat nullus suus ventus est) derken \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir tespitte bulunmu\u015ftur.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Y\u00f6neldi\u011finiz kap\u0131y\u0131 bilmezseniz, hi\u00e7bir zaman uygun esen r\u00fczg\u00e2r\u0131 yakalayamazs\u0131n\u0131z. Ama bazen kap\u0131y\u0131 bulman\u0131z yeterli olmayabilir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc r\u00fczg\u00e2r e\u011fer tersten eserse, sizi uygun olan kap\u0131ya de\u011fil, istemedi\u011finiz bir kap\u0131ya y\u00f6nlendirebilir.<\/p>\n

M\u00fczakere s\u00fcrecinde AB Genel \u0130\u015fler ve D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Konseyi\u2019nin 11 Aral\u0131k 2006 tarihinde alm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu karar uyar\u0131nca 8, GKRY\u2019nin tek tarafl\u0131 olarak bloke etti\u011fi 6 ba\u015fl\u0131k bloke edilmi\u015f durumdad\u0131r. Bu durum, zaten m\u00fczakere s\u00fcrecinin kilitlendi\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir. Ayr\u0131ca \u2018referandum\u2019 do\u011fru ifadesiyle \u2018plebisit\u2019 yapmaya gerek yoktur. M\u00fczakereler tamamlansa bile T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin bir g\u00fcn AB \u00fcyesi olma ihtimali, AB kamuoyunun T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmesine ve de T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 uygulam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu \u00e7ifte standartlar\u0131 terk etmesine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin AB\u2019ye kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 hukuki olarak tamamlansa bile Fransa\u2019da halka sorulacakt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca Avrupa Parlamentosu\u2019nun bunu oylamas\u0131 gerekecektir. Birli\u011fe kat\u0131lma s\u00fcrecinde de \u00fcye \u00fclkelerin geni\u015flemeyi kabul etmesi gereklidir. Fransa Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Fran\u00e7ois Hollande\u2019\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye’nin AB \u00fcyelik s\u00fcrecine ili\u015fkin olarak, “Herhangi bir tarih \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. G\u00fcn\u00fcn birinde b\u00fct\u00fcn ba\u015fl\u0131klar tamamlan\u0131nca, sonra ilgili halklar\u0131n karar\u0131na g\u00f6re, bir hipotez olarak \u00fcyelik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir. Her hal\u00fckarda bu, Fransa’da referanduma tabidir.”<\/em> dedi\u011fi unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

D\u00f6nemin Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Binali Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u2019\u0131n On Birinci Kalk\u0131nma Plan\u0131 \u00d6zel \u0130htisas Komisyonlar\u0131n\u0131n Olu\u015fturulmas\u0131na \u0130li\u015fkin 2017\/16 Say\u0131l\u0131 Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k Genelgesi kapsam\u0131nda bir Avrupa Birli\u011fi \u00d6zel \u0130htisas Komisyonu\u2019nun kurulmamas\u0131 \u00fczerine DPT\u2019da 1982 y\u0131l\u0131nda Rahmetli Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131m\u0131z Turgut \u00d6zal\u2019\u0131n direktifleri ile DPT AET Dairesini kuran eski bir DPT mensubu olarak Avrupa Birli\u011fi AB \u00d6zel \u0130htisas Komisyonu kurulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in 25 Ocak 2017 tarihinde Kalk\u0131nma Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na bir dilek\u00e7e verdim. Fakat dilek\u00e7eme olumsuz cevap verilmi\u015ftir. Bu da h\u00fck\u00fcmetin AB \u00fcyeli\u011finden \u00fcmidi kesti\u011finin bir \u00f6rne\u011fidir. Ayr\u0131ca t\u00fcm aday \u00fclkelerde AB Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 varken AB Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 da bunun bir g\u00f6stergesidir.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin AB ile ili\u015fkilerinin kopmamas\u0131 gerekir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc AB\u2019de ge\u00e7erli standartlar; ki\u015fi hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri, hukuk devleti, kuvvetler ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00e7o\u011fulcu demokrasi, yarg\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131, adaletin tarafs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi temel alanlara \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f d\u00fczenlemeler getirmektedir. Avrupa Birli\u011fi \u00fcyelik s\u00fcreci, ba\u015f\u0131ndan bu yana T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin istikrar\u0131, ekonomik ve siyasi reformlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bir \u00e7\u0131pa g\u00f6revi yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n

Bu kapsamda Sedat Ergin\u2019in 10 Temmuz\u2019daki yaz\u0131s\u0131ndaki son iki paragraf\u0131na kat\u0131lmamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir: \u201cReferanduma gidilmesi halinde, Erdo\u011fan herhalde tarafs\u0131z bir hakem konumuna ge\u00e7ip, halka sadece \u2018Tamam m\u0131, devam m\u0131?\u2019 diye sormakla yetinmeyecek, bir tercih belirtecektir. Kendisinin tam \u00fcyeli\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 tav\u0131r ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir senaryonun muhtemel bir sonucu, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Bat\u0131\u2019ya d\u00f6n\u00fck perspektifinin a\u011f\u0131r bir zemin kayb\u0131na u\u011framas\u0131, nehrin yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fka bir g\u00fczerg\u00e2ha kaymas\u0131 olabilir. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu geli\u015fmeler ABD ile ili\u015fkilerin de ray\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ortamda T\u00fcrk d\u0131\u015f politikas\u0131n\u0131n dengelerini ciddi bir \u015fekilde sarsabilir.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130ngiltere\u2019nin Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nden ayr\u0131lmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7an referandum ile T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de AB konusunda yap\u0131lacak referandum birbirine kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. E\u011fer referandumdan olumsuz bir karar \u00e7\u0131karsa, 1959 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana devam eden s\u00fcre\u00e7 sonland\u0131r\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3697,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[58,2,66,67,68],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nAvrupa Birli\u011fi ile m\u00fczakere s\u00fcrecinde referanduma gitmeye gerek var m\u0131? - M\u0130SAK- Mill\u00ee Strateji Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurulu<\/title>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/avrupa-birligi-ile-muzakere-surecinde-referanduma-gitmeye-gerek-var-mi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Avrupa Birli\u011fi ile m\u00fczakere s\u00fcrecinde referanduma gitmeye gerek var m\u0131? - M\u0130SAK- Mill\u00ee Strateji Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurulu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0130ngiltere\u2019nin Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nden ayr\u0131lmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7an referandum ile T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de AB konusunda yap\u0131lacak referandum birbirine kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. E\u011fer referandumdan olumsuz bir karar \u00e7\u0131karsa, 1959 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana devam eden s\u00fcre\u00e7 sonland\u0131r\u0131lacakt\u0131r.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/avrupa-birligi-ile-muzakere-surecinde-referanduma-gitmeye-gerek-var-mi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"M\u0130SAK- Mill\u00ee Strateji Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurulu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2018-10-24T16:30:34+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2018-10-20T15:37:28+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/ab-rte-siyahh.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\">\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"45 dakika\">\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Mill\\u00ee D\\u00fc\\u015f\\u00fcnce Merkezi\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/\",\"sameAs\":[],\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/#logo\",\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/mdmLogo-yazisiz.jpg\",\"width\":422,\"height\":422,\"caption\":\"Mill\\u00ee D\\u00fc\\u015f\\u00fcnce Merkezi\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/#logo\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/\",\"name\":\"M\\u0130SAK- Mill\\u00ee Strateji Ara\\u015ft\\u0131rma Kurulu\",\"description\":\"D\\u00fcnyaya T\\u00fcrk\\u00e7\\u00fc Bak\\u0131\\u015f\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":\"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/?s={search_term_string}\",\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"tr\"},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/avrupa-birligi-ile-muzakere-surecinde-referanduma-gitmeye-gerek-var-mi\/#primaryimage\",\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/ab-rte-siyahh.png\",\"width\":1920,\"height\":1080},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/avrupa-birligi-ile-muzakere-surecinde-referanduma-gitmeye-gerek-var-mi\/#webpage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/avrupa-birligi-ile-muzakere-surecinde-referanduma-gitmeye-gerek-var-mi\/\",\"name\":\"Avrupa Birli\\u011fi ile m\\u00fczakere s\\u00fcrecinde referanduma gitmeye gerek var m\\u0131? 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R\\u0131dvan Karluk, 1970\\u2019de Ankara \\u00dcniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fak\\u00fcltesi\\u2019ni bitirdi. 1975\\u2019te doktor, 1979\\u2019da do\\u00e7ent oldu. 1975 \\u2013 1976\\u2019da Sussex \\u00dcniversitesi\\u2019nde doktora \\u00fcst\\u00fc ara\\u015ft\\u0131rma yapt\\u0131. 1982 y\\u0131l\\u0131nda Devlet Planlama Te\\u015fkilat\\u0131 AET Dairesini (Genel M\\u00fcd\\u00fcrl\\u00fck) kurdu. 1985-1990 y\\u0131llar\\u0131nda Paris\\u2019te, OECD T\\u00fcrkiye B\\u00fcy\\u00fckel\\u00e7ili\\u011fi\\u2019nde Planlama M\\u00fc\\u015faviri olarak \\u00e7al\\u0131\\u015ft\\u0131. 1990-1992 y\\u0131llar\\u0131nda Ba\\u015fbakanl\\u0131k Ba\\u015fm\\u00fc\\u015favirli\\u011fi\\u2019ne atand\\u0131. 1991 y\\u0131l\\u0131nda Anadolu \\u00dcniversitesi\\u2019ne ge\\u00e7mi\\u015f, 2014 y\\u0131l\\u0131nda emekli olmu\\u015ftur. Bu s\\u00fcre i\\u00e7inde \\u0130ktisadi Geli\\u015fme ve Uluslararas\\u0131 Geli\\u015fme Anabilim Dal\\u0131 Ba\\u015fkanl\\u0131\\u011f\\u0131, 2010-2013 d\\u00f6neminde \\u0130ktisat Fak\\u00fcltesi Dekanl\\u0131\\u011f\\u0131 yapm\\u0131\\u015ft\\u0131r. Uluslararas\\u0131 Ekonomi, T\\u00fcrkiye Ekonomisi, Avrupa Birli\\u011fi ve Uluslararas\\u0131 Ekonomik \\u0130li\\u015fkiler konular\\u0131nda 24 kitab\\u0131, 12 ortak ve 3 \\u00e7eviri eseri vard\\u0131r. Ortak yazarl\\u0131 bir ders kitab\\u0131 T\\u00dcBA \\u00fcniversite ders kitaplar\\u0131 2012 y\\u0131l\\u0131 telif ve \\u00e7eviri eser \\u00f6d\\u00fcl\\u00fc olmak \\u00fczere 6 bilimsel ara\\u015ft\\u0131rma \\u00f6d\\u00fcl\\u00fcne sahiptir. 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