{"id":3753,"date":"2018-10-26T19:30:02","date_gmt":"2018-10-26T16:30:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/misak.millidusunce.com\/?p=3753"},"modified":"2018-10-28T09:18:03","modified_gmt":"2018-10-28T06:18:03","slug":"turk-musun-musluman-misin-ii-metotlar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/turk-musun-musluman-misin-ii-metotlar\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00dcRK M\u00dcS\u00dcN M\u00dcSL\u00dcMAN MISIN-II (METOTLAR)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"attachment_3757\" style=\"width: 778px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3757\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3757 size-medium_large\" src=\"http:\/\/misak.millidusunce.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/bacon-768x1317.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"768\" height=\"1317\" srcset=\"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/bacon-768x1317.jpg 768w, https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/bacon-87x150.jpg 87w, https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/bacon-175x300.jpg 175w, https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/bacon-597x1024.jpg 597w, https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/bacon.jpg 1232w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-3757\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bacon&#8217;\u0131n Novum Organum adl\u0131 kitab\u0131n\u0131n kapa\u011f\u0131<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>Siyasa Grubu ve \u0130yi Parti Kartal \u0130l\u00e7esi&#8217;nin <\/em><em>6 Ekim 2018 tarihinde d\u00fczenledi\u011fi<br \/>\n<\/em><em>&#8220;Bilim, Din ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fck&#8221; ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 konferans\u0131m\u0131n yaz\u0131ya d\u00f6k\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f h\u00e2lidir.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Maksatlar\u0131 farkl\u0131 olan bilim, din ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn her biri, kendi hedeflerine varmak i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 yollar tutarlar. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle, her birinin maksad\u0131na ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 metot farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Her bir kategorinin maksad\u0131na varmak i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 metodu \u015f\u00f6yle bir tabloda g\u00f6sterebiliriz.<\/p>\n<style>\ntable, th, td {border: 1px solid black;}<br \/>\n<\/style>\n<table width=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\" width=\"542\"><strong><br \/>\nBilim, din ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fck\u2019te metot<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"126\"><strong>Bilimin yolu<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"416\">Orta\u00e7a\u011f: T\u00fcmden gelim \/ Bacon ve bilim devrimi (16- 17. as\u0131r): T\u00fcmevar\u0131m \/ Popper (20. as\u0131r): Yanl\u0131\u015flama, problem \u00e7\u00f6zme<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"126\"><strong>Dinin yolu<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"416\">\u00d6\u011frenme, Hat\u0131rlama, Dua (Salat ~ Namaz) &#8211; ibadet<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"126\"><strong>T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn yolu<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"416\">Tarih,T\u00fcrk dili, k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc \/ Fikriyat-Fikir sistemi: T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn modern \u00e7a\u011fdaki kurucu fikir adamlar\u0131 \/ Sosyal bilim, \u00f6zellikle siyaset bilimi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Bilim, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta t\u0131pk\u0131 din ve felsefe gibi daha \u00e7ok t\u00fcmdengelime dayand\u0131. O zamanlar felsefeden pek de ay\u0131rt edilmezdi ve Avrupa&#8217;da ad\u0131na &#8220;<em>tabiat felsefesi<\/em>&#8221; denirdi. Bu gelenekten \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc bizdeki bilim doktoras\u0131n\u0131n Bat\u0131 \u00fcniversitelerindeki ad\u0131 felsefe doktorlu\u011fudur, PhD diye k\u0131salt\u0131l\u0131r, Latince <em>Philosophiae Doctor<\/em> kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2026<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Beni d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrmeyin, biri benim yerine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcns\u00fcn!<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Neydi bu geldikleri &#8220;t\u00fcm&#8221;? Daha ziyade ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki otoritelerin yaz\u0131p \u00e7izdikleri? \u00a0En ba\u015fta Aristo&#8217;nun\u2026 Kutsal kitaplar ve din adamlar\u0131 da bunlara eklenebilir. Tabiat ve y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131n g\u00f6zlenmesi faaliyeti de takvim bilgilerinin yenilenmesi ve evrenin tasvirinde Aristo&#8217;nun ve di\u011fer otoritelerin dediklerini teyit ve tekrar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131yordu. Bir de y\u0131ld\u0131z fal\u0131 i\u00e7in. Kopernik&#8217;in g\u00f6kleri, T\u00fcrklerin ne yap\u0131p edece\u011fini kestirmek i\u00e7in g\u00f6zledi\u011fini kendi yazd\u0131klar\u0131ndan anl\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n<p>Bu; \u015fu veya bu dindekilerin de\u011fil, yaz\u0131p \u00e7izebilen d\u00fcnyan\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131n halidir. Bu, insan\u0131n genel zaaf\u0131 olmal\u0131: <em>&#8220;Birisi ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnece\u011fimi bana s\u00f6ylesin, rahat edeyim. Beni d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrmeyin!&#8221;<\/em> Bilim, din ve felsefe i\u00e7 i\u00e7eydi. \u00c2limin hem birini, hem di\u011ferini hem de \u00f6tekini bilmesi beklenir, \u00e2lim denilen adamlara kutsiyet atfedilirdi. Eski Yunan&#8217;\u0131n yaz\u0131p \u00e7izmi\u015f \u00e2limleri de bu kutsiyetten paylar\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131rlard\u0131.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Akla gerek yok<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>M\u00fcsl\u00fcman d\u00fcnyada da &#8220;<em>Kaale Aristo!<\/em>&#8220;, yani Arap\u00e7a &#8220;<em>Aristo der ki!<\/em>&#8221; neredeyse kuds\u00ee bir referanst\u0131. Aristo \u00f6yle kaal etmi\u015fse, size de \u00e2min demek d\u00fc\u015ferdi. (&#8220;\u00c2min&#8221;, bizim bildi\u011fimiz &#8220;emin&#8221; kelimesiyle karde\u015ftir. Muhakkak \u00f6yledir, eminiz anlam\u0131na gelir. M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131kta da, H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131kta da&#8230;) Aristo&#8217;nun dedi\u011fine itiraz etmek neredeyse kutsal\u0131 reddetmeye e\u015fde\u011fer bir k\u00fcf\u00fcrd\u00fc. &#8220;Bidat&#8221;, yani yeni bir \u015fey \u00e7\u0131karmak, s\u00f6ylemek, tehlikeliydi. Bilinmesi gereken her \u015fey; \u00f6nceki babalar, dinler, \u00e2limler (\u00e2lim kelimesi de bilen demektir) taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Size bunlar\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmek ve yeni problemler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda bunlardan istihra\u00e7la, yani t\u00fcmdengelimle \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00fcretmek d\u00fc\u015ferdi. Yeni icat \u00e7\u0131karmak de\u011fil\u2026<\/p>\n<p><em>\u201cG\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc 7 katt\u0131r, her \u015fey D\u00fcnya&#8217;n\u0131n etraf\u0131nda d\u00f6ner, Ay y\u00f6r\u00fcngesinin \u00f6tesinde azizlerin ve peygamberlerin makam\u0131 vard\u0131r\u201d<\/em> iddias\u0131na direnen Galile&#8217;yi ev hapsine mahk\u00fbm eden Engizisyon, b\u00f6yle bir t\u00fcmden geliyordu.<\/p>\n<p>Asl\u0131nda Galile&#8217;nin g\u00fcnah\u0131 boyunu a\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Aristo&#8217;ya g\u00f6re madde d\u00f6rt elementten m\u00fcrekkepti: Toprak, hava, su ve ate\u015f. Toprak topra\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ekti\u011fi i\u00e7in cisimler yere d\u00fc\u015ferdi. Ve a\u011f\u0131r cisim hafifinden h\u0131zl\u0131 d\u00fc\u015ferdi. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc i\u00e7inde daha fazla toprak vard\u0131. Galile, Pisa Kulesi&#8217;ne \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p biri b\u00fcy\u00fck ve a\u011f\u0131r, \u00f6b\u00fcr\u00fc k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve hafif iki cismi ayn\u0131 anda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015f ve seyircilere ikisinin de yere ayn\u0131 anda d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ispatlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130stanbul&#8217;un ilk rasathanesini topa tutturup imha eden \u015eeyh\u00fclislam Kad\u0131z\u00e2de de kendi bildi\u011fi bir t\u00fcmden geliyordu ve o t\u00fcme g\u00f6re <em>meleklere alttan bakmak ay\u0131p ve g\u00fcnaht\u0131<\/em>. (Evet, bu taifenin sap\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 o tarihlere kadar uzan\u0131r.) O geldikleri t\u00fcm\u00fcn do\u011frulu\u011funu veya \u2013 h\u00e2\u015f\u00e2 yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u2014tahkik edemezdiniz. Yaz\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn veren bu\u011fday\u0131 k\u0131\u015fa al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rsan\u0131z k\u0131\u015f\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn veren bu\u011fday olmaz, bu i\u015fler genetiktir diyen Vavilov&#8217;u hapiste \u00f6l\u00fcme mahk\u00fbm eden Stalin de Diyalektik Maddecili\u011fin t\u00fcm\u00fcnden geliyordu.<\/p>\n<p>Bir otorite vard\u0131r, sizin akl\u0131n\u0131za ihtiya\u00e7 yoktur; d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeden s\u00f6yleneni yap\u0131n! O otorite \u00e7ok bilir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc o otoritedir, liderdir, reistir o. Bu kadar! Bu sat\u0131rlarda \u00e7izilen karikat\u00fcrle bug\u00fcnk\u00fc insanlar\u0131 kastetme gayesi yoktur. E\u011fer bug\u00fcnk\u00fc baz\u0131 liderler bundan kendilerini kastetti\u011fim zehab\u0131na kap\u0131l\u0131yorlarsa, bu tamamen kendi kabahatleridir.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Ger\u00e7ek geridedir<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>T\u00fcmdengelimcilikle bug\u00fcnk\u00fc bilim aras\u0131ndaki en \u00f6nemli farklardan biri de bilgiye eri\u015fmek i\u00e7in zaman i\u00e7inde hangi y\u00f6ne gidilmesi gerekti\u011fi konusundaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleridir. Bilgi ge\u00e7mi\u015fte midir, gelecekte mi? Eskiler mi daha \u00e7ok bilirdi, sonrakiler mi? T\u00fcmdengelenler eski bilgilerden geldikleri i\u00e7in tabiat\u0131yla en eski bilginin en do\u011frusu oldu\u011funa inan\u0131rlar. \u00d6yle ya. Bu bilgi; bize a\u011f\u0131zdan a\u011f\u0131za, yaz\u0131dan yaz\u0131ya dola\u015farak gelmi\u015ftir. H\u00e2lbuki as\u0131rlar \u00f6ncesine gidersek bilgi hen\u00fcz az seyahat eti\u011finden daha do\u011fru olacakt\u0131r. Vars\u0131n Peygamber \u201ciki g\u00fcn\u00fc bir olan benden de\u011fildir\u201d desin. Eskiler i\u015fin asl\u0131n\u0131 ve daha do\u011frusunu bilirdi.<\/p>\n<p>Peki, bilim adam\u0131? Sizler herhangi bir konuda eski bir kitab\u0131 m\u0131, yeni bir kitab\u0131 m\u0131 okumay\u0131 tercih edersiniz? Hatta Google&#8217;da arama yaparken bile, araman\u0131n ustalar\u0131, kaynaklar\u0131 mesela &#8220;son bir y\u0131l&#8221; ile s\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131p de\u011fi\u015fen bilgiler aras\u0131ndan en yenisini bulmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar. Bilgi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ne kadar yak\u0131nsa do\u011fruya da o kadar yak\u0131nd\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bilim \u00fcst \u00fcste koyarak daha da \u00f6nemlisi yanl\u0131\u015flaya yanl\u0131\u015flaya ilerler. Son bilgi o bilgi y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n en \u00fcst\u00fcndekidir ve yanl\u0131\u015flanmam\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. <em>Hen\u00fcz yanl\u0131\u015flanmam\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r\u2026<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Newton&#8217;un, &#8220;<em>Ben daha uzaklar\u0131 g\u00f6rebildiysem devlerin omuzlar\u0131na t\u0131rmand\u0131\u011f\u0131m i\u00e7indir<\/em>&#8221; dedi\u011fini biliyoruz. Bug\u00fcn Newton&#8217;un da omuzlar\u0131na \u00e7\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve o bilim insanlar\u0131 kulesi, Newton&#8217;un zaman\u0131ndan daha y\u00fckseklere t\u0131rmanm\u0131\u015f, daha uzaklar\u0131 g\u00f6rebilmi\u015ftir; fakat h\u00e2l\u00e2 g\u00f6remedi\u011fi mesafeler vard\u0131r. Yine Newton&#8217;dan al\u0131nt\u0131 yaparsak, &#8220;<em>Koskoca bilgi okyanusunun k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda oynayan \u00e7ocuklar gibiyiz. Bazen di\u011ferlerinden daha parlak bir ta\u015f, bazen daha ho\u015f bir deniz kabu\u011fu bulup seviniyoruz. Ke\u015ffedilmemi\u015f koskoca okyanus kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131zda duruyor.<\/em>&#8221;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Biz her \u015feyi biliriz; biz bilmezsek \u015f\u0131h bilir<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Halbuki t\u00fcmdengelimcinin bilmedi\u011fi yoktur; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc g\u00fcne\u015fin alt\u0131nda yeni hi\u00e7 bir \u015fey yoktur. Olanlar\u0131 da \u015f\u0131h (\u015feyh) bilir zaten.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130\u015fte bilim devrimi bu anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. Harari&#8217;ye g\u00f6re bilim devrimi, &#8220;<em>Ignoramus = bilmiyorum!<\/em>&#8221; devrimidir. \u0130nsan\u0131n bilmedi\u011fini, fakat \u00e7abalay\u0131p \u00f6\u011frenebilece\u011fini, ke\u015ffedebilece\u011fini, icad edebilece\u011fini anlamas\u0131n\u0131n devrimidir. Bu devrimin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 da Francis Bacon&#8217;a atfedilir.<\/p>\n<p>Muhtemelen \u015fehir efsanesi olan bir anekdota g\u00f6re bir grup sayg\u0131de\u011fer feylezof din adam\u0131, Aristo&#8217;ya dayanarak at\u0131n ve insan\u0131n ka\u00e7 di\u015fi oldu\u011funu tart\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Aristo; ayg\u0131rlar\u0131n 42, k\u0131sraklar\u0131n 40 di\u015fi oldu\u011funu; insanlarda da erkeklerin kad\u0131nlardan daha \u00e7ok di\u015fi oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yler. (Nedense bu m\u00fcmtaz ve erkek \u015fahsiyetlerin \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131mlar\u0131 genellikle kad\u0131nlar\u0131n yeni bir eksi\u011finin ke\u015ffiyle son bulur. Dedim ya, sap\u0131kl\u0131k eskidir.) Aristo bu dediklerini yine o me\u015fhur d\u00f6rt element hik\u00e2yesi ile daha do\u011frusu onun insan v\u00fccuduna uyarlanm\u0131\u015f h\u00e2li ile bir g\u00fczel izah eder. M\u00fcmtaz h\u00e2zirun, bu konuyu tart\u0131\u015f\u0131rken i\u00e7lerinden gen\u00e7 bir papaz &#8211; ki bu Bacon&#8217;d\u0131r- az ilerde otlayan bir ata i\u015faret eder ve \u00e7ekingen bir sesle gidip at\u0131n di\u015flerinin say\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 teklif eder. Bir dayak yemedi\u011fi kal\u0131r. Bu y\u00fcksek fikir teatisinin ve okumu\u015flar\u0131n okuduklar\u0131n\u0131 naklettikleri bu meclisin pis at\u0131n pis di\u015flerini saymak gibi bir i\u015fi olamaz!<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Devrim: Herk\u00fcl S\u00fctunlar\u0131 a\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Bacon at\u0131n di\u015flerini saymaktan daha beterini yapm\u0131\u015f, asl\u0131nda bilimin ger\u00e7e\u011finin bir-iki at\u0131n de\u011fil, bir\u00e7ok at\u0131n ve bir\u00e7ok insan\u0131n di\u015flerini saymaktan ge\u00e7ti\u011fini s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir<a href=\"#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]<\/a>. \u0130\u015fte t\u00fcmevar\u0131m, tam da budur. Bilimin yeni metodu, t\u00fcmevar\u0131md\u0131r. Tabiat g\u00f6zlenecek, deneyler yap\u0131lacak ve bir\u00e7ok deney ve g\u00f6zlemin sonunda yeni h\u00fck\u00fcmler \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lacak, yeni bilgiler elde edilecektir. Y\u00fczlerce ayg\u0131r ve k\u0131sra\u011f\u0131n di\u015fleri, y\u00fczlerce kad\u0131n ve erke\u011fin di\u015fleri say\u0131lmadan ger\u00e7e\u011fe yakla\u015famazs\u0131n\u0131z. \u0130ki bin k\u00fcsur y\u0131l \u00f6nceki babalardan ak\u0131l y\u00fcr\u00fctmekle, onlar\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fcnden gelmekle olmuyordu. Bacon bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitab\u0131na &#8220;Bilimin Yeni Aleti = <em>Novum Organum<\/em>&#8221; ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi. Bu Aristo&#8217;nun yedi ciltlik mant\u0131k kitab\u0131 <em>Organon&#8217;<\/em>un ismine nazireydi. Art\u0131k bilginin yolu iki y\u00f6nl\u00fcyd\u00fc, \u00e7ift yoldu. Geli\u015fi, t\u00fcmdengelimi vard\u0131 ama gidi\u015fi de, t\u00fcmevar\u0131m\u0131 da vard\u0131. Ba\u015fka yerde<a href=\"#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[2]<\/a> Bacon&#8217;un kitab\u0131n\u0131n kapak resmini vermi\u015ftim. Resimde <em>Herk\u00fcl S\u00fctunlar\u0131<\/em>&#8216;n\u0131n, yani <em>Cebeli Tar\u0131k<\/em>&#8216;\u0131n \u00f6tesine sefer yapan kalyonlar g\u00f6steriliyordu. Herk\u00fcl S\u00fctunlar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6tesine ge\u00e7meye cesaret etmek ve bu cesaretle yepyeni bir d\u00fcnya ke\u015ffetmek! Yetmedi, Hindistan&#8217;a yeni bir yol bulmak. G\u00fcne\u015fin alt\u0131nda yeni \u015feyler bulundu\u011funu ve bunlar\u0131n ke\u015ffedilebilece\u011fini bunlardan daha iyi ne ispatlayabilirdi ki? Ke\u015fifler zihniyeti de\u011fi\u015ftirmi\u015fti. Harari, bilmiyorum devrimi diyor ya, sonra ekliyor: Bilim devriminden \u00f6nce \u00e7izilen haritalar\u0131n her yeri doludur, her yerinde bir \u015feyler yazar. Bilim devriminden sonra \u00e7izilenlerde bol bol, &#8220;<em>ke\u015ffedilmemi\u015f b\u00f6lgeler<\/em>&#8221; etiketini g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz. Yeni D\u00fcnya ders olmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n<p>Fakat bilim b\u00f6yle i\u015fte\u2026 Yirminci as\u0131rda bir ba\u015fka bilim adam\u0131, Karl Raimond Popper \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ve &#8220;Hay\u0131r!&#8221; dedi, &#8220;Bilim t\u00fcmevar\u0131mla de\u011fil yanl\u0131\u015flamalarla ilerler.&#8221; Aristo&#8217;yu yanl\u0131\u015flamak i\u00e7in bir kad\u0131n\u0131n bile di\u015finin eksik olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermeniz yeterlidir. Popper bununla da yetinmedi. Bilimin alet-edevat kutusuna bir ilave daha yapt\u0131: Bilim, problem \u00e7\u00f6zerek y\u00fcr\u00fcr. Yanl\u0131\u015flayarak ve problem \u00e7\u00f6zerek\u2026 Bilim adamlar\u0131na d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en al\u00e7ak g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc insan\u0131 olmak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyordu. O, problem \u00e7\u00f6zmek zorundayd\u0131 ama buldu\u011fu \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm b\u00fcy\u00fck ihtimalle yaln\u0131\u015flanmaya mahk\u00fbmdu.<\/p>\n<p>Popper&#8217;in tespitleri bir ba\u015fka i\u015fe daha yarad\u0131: Bilimin s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izmeye. Demek ki yanl\u0131\u015flanamayacak \u015feyler, bilimin kapsama alan\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndayd\u0131. Bilimle dinin m\u00fcfredatlar\u0131n\u0131 bir birinden ay\u0131ran, bunlar\u0131n \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyen Stephen Jay Gould&#8217;un NOMA&#8217;s\u0131 da Popper&#8217;le bu noktada kavu\u015fur.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u0130\u015fte bizim ka\u00e7\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ve yakalamam\u0131z gereken!<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u0130\u015fte bizim ka\u00e7\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z zihniyet de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi, yakla\u015f\u0131m de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi budur. Hani &#8220;<em>bir \u015fey de\u011fi\u015fti, her \u015fey de\u011fi\u015fti<\/em>&#8221; derler ya; tam da \u00f6yle oldu. Bir \u015fey de\u011fi\u015fti ve her \u015fey de\u011fi\u015fti. Biz ve bizim k\u00fclt\u00fcr \u00e7emberimiz, hatta b\u00fct\u00fcn do\u011fu co\u011frafyas\u0131 bu noktadan sonra geriye d\u00fc\u015fmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. S\u00f6m\u00fcrgele\u015fmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. H\u00e2l\u00e2 da geridedir ve h\u00e2l\u00e2 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apta t\u00e2bidir. Bilim devrimi denilen zihniyet de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finden \u00f6nce Bat\u0131 ile aras\u0131nda pek mesafe yokken ve hatta Bat\u0131&#8217;dan hayli ilerdeyken.<\/p>\n<p>Bilim devrimi ve onu izleyen de\u011fi\u015fimin, Bat\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n bilim-teknik-end\u00fcstri ve nihayet ekonomideki s\u0131\u00e7ray\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n tarihte ba\u015fka bir benzeri yoktur. Bu h\u00e2l insanl\u0131k tarihinde ilk ve tektir. Hani bir\u00e7ok olay i\u00e7in &#8220;t\u0131pk\u0131 \u015fu daha \u00f6nceki filan olay&#8221; gibi deriz, tarih tekerr\u00fcr m\u00fc eder diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u00fcz ya\u2026 \u015eu anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131m s\u0131\u00e7ray\u0131\u015f\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fte bir benzeri yoktur. Neyi \u00f6l\u00e7erseniz \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcn, as\u0131rlara g\u00f6re grafi\u011fini \u00e7izdi\u011finizde bilim ve sanayi devriminden sonraki s\u0131\u00e7ray\u0131\u015f\u0131n matematikte &#8220;<em>singularity<\/em>&#8221; denen, bizim &#8220;<em>patlama<\/em>&#8221; dedi\u011fimiz seyri izledi\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Hani lisede fonksiyonlar\u0131n grafi\u011fini \u00e7izerdik de bir noktada payda s\u0131f\u0131ra gitti\u011fi i\u00e7in oraya kadar efendi efendi giden e\u011fri birden bire k\u00e2\u011f\u0131d\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcne ve d\u0131\u015f\u0131na do\u011fru f\u0131rlay\u0131verirdi. \u0130\u015fte bilim devrimi ve onun yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 sanayi devriminden sonra Bat\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n hemen her \u015feyi b\u00f6yle bir patlamaya u\u011frad\u0131: Mesel\u00e2 ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na enerji t\u00fcketimi, mesel\u00e2 ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na gayri safi yurt i\u00e7i h\u00e2s\u0131la, mesel\u00e2 en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehirlerin n\u00fcfusu, mesel\u00e2 insan\u0131n \u00f6m\u00fcr beklentisi<a href=\"#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]<\/a>\u2026<\/p>\n<p>\u015eimdi s\u0131ra, bu \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcn\u00fcn ili\u015fkilerini incelemeye geldi. Bilim i\u00e7in din nedir; din i\u00e7in bilim nedir? Bilim i\u00e7in T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fck ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fck i\u00e7in bilim ve nihayet din i\u00e7in T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fck ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fck i\u00e7in din.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]<\/a> Belirtti\u011fim gibi bu hik\u00e2ye muhtemelen bir kurmacad\u0131r ve Bacon at ve insan di\u015fleri ile hi\u00e7 u\u011fra\u015fmam\u0131\u015f olabilir.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]<\/a> \u0130skender \u00d6ks\u00fcz, <em>Bilim, Din ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fck, <\/em>Panama Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 2018.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]<\/a> Ian Morris, Why the West Rules- For Now, Profile Books 2010.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;T\u00fcrk m\u00fcs\u00fcn, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman m\u0131s\u0131n&#8221; sa\u00e7ma bir sorudur. Bilim, din ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fck mensubiyetle de\u011fil, metotlar\u0131yla farkl\u0131la\u015f\u0131r. Bilim d\u00fcnyaya ve problemlere yakla\u015fmada devrimdir. Bizim ve b\u00fct\u00fcn Do\u011funun ka\u00e7\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 budur. Bilimi ka\u00e7\u0131ranlar Bat\u0131&#8217;ya yenik d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3757,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[60,61,62,2,66,68],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v16.0.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>T\u00dcRK M\u00dcS\u00dcN M\u00dcSL\u00dcMAN MISIN-II (METOTLAR) - M\u0130SAK- Mill\u00ee Strateji Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurulu<\/title>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/turk-musun-musluman-misin-ii-metotlar\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"T\u00dcRK M\u00dcS\u00dcN M\u00dcSL\u00dcMAN MISIN-II (METOTLAR) - M\u0130SAK- Mill\u00ee Strateji Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurulu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"&quot;T\u00fcrk m\u00fcs\u00fcn, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman m\u0131s\u0131n&quot; sa\u00e7ma bir sorudur. 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D\\u00f6nem \\u00fcyeli\\u011fi, Atom enerjisi konusunda bakan dan\\u0131\\u015fmanl\\u0131\\u011f\\u0131. T\\u00f6re-Devlet Yay\\u0131nevi y\\u00f6neticisi. Bilimsel yay\\u0131nlar: 30\\u2019un \\u00fcst\\u00fcnde bilimsel yay\\u0131n\\u0131 700\\u2019\\u00fcn \\u00fczerinde at\\u0131f alm\\u0131\\u015ft\\u0131r. Y\\u00f6netim uzmanl\\u0131k alanlar\\u0131: Sa\\u011fl\\u0131k, toplam kalite y\\u00f6netimi, bili\\u015fim ve pazarlama. Bilimsel uzmanl\\u0131k alanlar\\u0131: Teorik kimya, fiziko-kimya, bilgisayar uygulamalar\\u0131 ve programlama. Siyasi - sosyal \\u00e7al\\u0131\\u015fmalar: K\\u00dcB\\u0130TEM (K\\u00fclt\\u00fcr, Bilim ve Teknik Merkezi) kuruculu\\u011fu, T\\u00fcrkoca\\u011f\\u0131 Hars Heyeti ve Y\\u00f6netim Kurulu \\u00fcyeli\\u011fi, Mill\\u00ee D\\u00fc\\u015f\\u00fcnce Merkezi Y\\u00f6netim Kurulu \\u00fcyeli\\u011fi; T\\u00f6re, Devlet, Bozkurt, T\\u00fcrk Yurdu dergilerinde makale ve ba\\u015fka yaz\\u0131lar. Son Havadis, Yeni Ufuk, Ayy\\u0131ld\\u0131z gazetelerinde k\\u00f6\\u015fe yazarl\\u0131\\u011f\\u0131. Kitap: - T\\u00fcrk Milliyet\\u00e7ili\\u011fi Fikir Sistemi -Teori- (1977; son bask\\u0131 2016) - T\\u00fcrk\\u2019\\u00fcm \\u00d6z\\u00fcr Dilerim (2013, son bask\\u0131 2016) - Ni\\u00e7in (Geri Kald\\u0131k)? Tarih- Devlet-Ekonomi-Y\\u00f6netim (2014, son bask\\u0131 2017) - Millet ve Milliyet\\u00e7ilik (2016), - Alt Ak\\u0131l: Aptallar ve Diktat\\u00f6rler (2017) - Bilim, Din ve T\\u00fcrk\\u00e7\\u00fcl\\u00fck (2018)\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3753"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3753"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3753\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3757"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3753"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3753"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3753"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}