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\u015eekil-1 Leviathan, Tamar ve Afrodit Havzalar\u0131<\/p><\/div>\n
Levant havzas\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde bulunan ve 2009\u2019 da ke\u015ffedilen Tamar ve 2010\u2019 da ke\u015ffedilen Leviathan sahalar\u0131ndaki yakla\u015f\u0131k 900 milyar metrek\u00fcp rezerv[4] \u00fczerinde \u0130srail\u2019in yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Filistin de hak sahibidir.<\/p>\n
GKRY ve KKTC y\u00f6netimindeki K\u0131br\u0131s a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda ise Limasol Liman\u0131\u2019na yakla\u015f\u0131k 160\u00a0 kilometre\u00a0 mesafede\u00a0 198\u00a0 milyar\u00a0 metrek\u00fcpl\u00fck gaz rezervine sahip olan\u00a0 Afrodit\u00a0 sahas\u0131\u00a0 ke\u015ffedilmi\u015ftir.[5]\u00a0 ( \u015eekil – 1) Bu kapsamda b\u00f6lge \u00fclkeleri olan T\u00fcrkiye, KKTC, GKRY, L\u00fcbnan, M\u0131s\u0131r, Suriye, \u0130srail ve Filistin b\u00f6lgede mevcut ve ileride \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lacak olan petrol ve do\u011fal gaz \u00fczerinde hak sahibidir.[6] Ancak b\u00f6lgedeki enerji havzalar\u0131na ili\u015fkin yabanc\u0131 kaynakl\u0131 haritalar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funda KKTC ve Filistin\u2019in isimleri g\u00f6sterilmemek suretiyle bu iki \u00fclkenin b\u00f6lge kaynaklar\u0131 \u00fczerinde hak sahibi olduklar\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011fi dikkatlerden ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmaya\u00a0 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
S\u00f6z konusu petrol ve do\u011fal gaz rezervlerinin b\u00f6lge \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131nda uluslararas\u0131 hukuka ve hakkaniyete dayal\u0131 \u015fekilde ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. BMDHS’nin (Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler Deniz Hukuku S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi) 74. maddesine g\u00f6re sahilleri biti\u015fik veya kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya olan devletler aras\u0131ndaki MEB s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesinin hakkaniyet \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde kendi aralar\u0131nda yapacaklar\u0131 MEB anla\u015fmalar\u0131 ile yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.[7]<\/p>\n
Ancak kendisini kendi y\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 K\u0131br\u0131s Cumhuriyetinin devam\u0131 ve temsilcisi olarak g\u00f6ren ve tescil ettiren GKRY, T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin ve KKTC\u2019nin mevcudiyetini yok sayarak b\u00f6lgedeki di\u011fer \u00fclkelerle MEB anla\u015fmalar\u0131 imzalamakta ve b\u00f6lge kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019ni ve KKTC\u2019yi d\u0131\u015flamaktad\u0131r. Yunanistan\u2019la i\u015fbirli\u011fi halinde \u00e7evre \u00fclkelerle MEB belirleme anla\u015fmalar\u0131 yapan GKRY \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin k\u0131ta sahanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7inde kalan, di\u011fer b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde ise KKTC\u2019nin de\u00a0 hakk\u0131\u00a0 bulunan sahalarda tek ba\u015f\u0131na petrol ve do\u011fal gaz arama \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yapmaya ve yabanc\u0131 \u015firketlere arama ruhsatlar\u0131 vermeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
GKRY\u2019nin petrol ve do\u011fal gaz arama \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ve kom\u015fular\u0131yla m\u00fcnhas\u0131r ekonomik b\u00f6lge belirleme anla\u015fmalar\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\nRumlar\u0131n MEB anla\u015fmalar\u0131 ve petrol ve do\u011fal gaz arama \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u00fczerinden Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019i ele ge\u00e7irme planlar\u0131 yapmaya ba\u015flamalar\u0131, Akdeniz\u2019in egemenli\u011fi; MEB, petrol ve do\u011fal gaz arama \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 gibi konular\u0131n da K\u0131br\u0131s sorununa eklemlenmesi sonucunu do\u011furmu\u015ftur. GKRY, 17 \u015eubat 2003\u2019te M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019la, 17 Ocak 2007\u2019de L\u00fcbnan\u2019la, 17 Aral\u0131k 2010\u2019da ise \u0130srail ile ortay hat esas\u0131na g\u00f6re \u201cMEB S\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rma Anla\u015fmalar\u0131\u201d imzalayarak Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019i di\u011fer devletlerle payla\u015fmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[8], GKRY, Suriye ile de 2001 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri MEB anla\u015fmas\u0131 yapmak i\u00e7in g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmektedir.[9]<\/p>\n
Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019in bir di\u011fer k\u0131y\u0131da\u015f devleti olan Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n ise b\u00f6lgede 6 millik karasular\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak 200 metre derinli\u011fe kadar olan b\u00f6lgelere ili\u015fkin m\u00fcnhas\u0131r haklar\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcnde karar\u0131 mevcuttur.[10] Yunanistan eski D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Nikos Kocias\u2019\u0131n 21 Ekim 2018 tarihinde, g\u00f6revini devrederken Diapontia Adalar\u0131’ndan Mora Yar\u0131madas\u0131 ile Girit aras\u0131nda yer alan K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00c7uha Adas\u0131’na uzanan sahada Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n karasular\u0131n\u0131 12 deniz miline \u00e7\u0131karabilece\u011fini s\u00f6ylemesi[11] Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n bu konudaki niyetlerini g\u00f6stermesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan dikkat \u00e7ekicidir. TBMM\u2019nin Yunanistan karasular\u0131n\u0131 12 mile \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye taraf\u0131ndan\u00a0 sava\u015f sebebi say\u0131laca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin 8 Haziran 1995 tarihli bildirisine ra\u011fmen Kocias\u2019\u0131n b\u00f6yle bir beyanatta bulunmas\u0131n\u0131n TBMM bildirisinin halen ge\u00e7erlili\u011fini koruyup korumad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n test edilmesi ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin b\u00f6yle bir karara kar\u015f\u0131 muhtemel tepkilerinin belirlenmesi amac\u0131na y\u00f6nelik oldu\u011fu de\u011ferlendirilmektedir.<\/p>\n
Di\u011fer yandan Yunanistan ve GKRY, Meis adas\u0131 gibi adalara da MEB tan\u0131yarak, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin a\u00e7\u0131k denizlere eri\u015fimini kesmeye ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin MEB\u2019ni \u0130skenderun K\u00f6rfezi ile s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rmaya, bir ba\u015fka ifadeyle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi Anadolu kara sahas\u0131na hapsetmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r.[12] ( \u015eekil-2)<\/p>\n
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\u015eekil-2 Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n Meis Adas\u0131n\u0131n MEB \u00fczerinden T\u00fcrkiye’yi \u0130skenderun K\u00f6rfezine S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma Plan\u0131<\/p><\/div>\n
Akdeniz\u2019i payla\u015fma konusunda MEB anla\u015fmalar\u0131 ile yetinmeyen GKRY, Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de kendi MEB alan\u0131 i\u00e7inde oldu\u011funu \u00f6ne s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve Afrodit ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi alan\u0131 13 parsele ay\u0131rm\u0131\u015f[13] ve parsellerin tamam\u0131na hidrokarbon yata\u011f\u0131 arama ruhsat\u0131 vermek amac\u0131yla uluslararas\u0131 \u015firketlerin kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla ihale a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[14]<\/p>\n
GKRY\u2019nin ihale a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 13 parselden be\u015fi (1, 4, 5, 6 ve 7 no.lu parseller) T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin, yedisi ise (1, 2, 3, 8, 9, 12 ve 13 no.lu parseller) KKTC\u2019nin deniz yetki alanlar\u0131 ile \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r.[15] (\u015eekil-3)<\/p>\n
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\u015eekil-3 GKRY’nin Ruhsat Alanlar\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrk K\u0131ta Sahanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve KKTC Yetki Alanlar\u0131yla \u00c7ak\u0131\u015fmas\u0131<\/p><\/div>\n
GKRY\u2019nin T\u00fcrkiye ve KKTC\u2019yi yok sayarak MEB anla\u015fmalar\u0131 imzalamas\u0131 ve T\u00fcrkiye ve KKTC\u2019nin deniz yetki alanlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde arama ruhsatlar\u0131 vermesi 1982 tarihli BM Deniz Hukuku S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u2019nin MEB s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesine y\u00f6nelik 74. maddesi\u2019ne, k\u0131ta sahanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 belirleyen 83. maddesi\u2019ne, Yar\u0131 Kapal\u0131 Denizlere ili\u015fkin 122. ve 123. maddelerine, s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin uygulanmas\u0131nda hakk\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullan\u0131lmamas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyen 300. ve 311. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r.[16]<\/p>\n
GKRY\u2019nin ihale a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 parsellerin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ve KKTC\u2019nin deniz yetki alanlar\u0131yla \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 \u00fczerine T\u00fcrk D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir a\u00e7\u0131klama yaparak \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin bu alanlarda yabanc\u0131 \u015firketlerin izinsiz petrol\/do\u011falgaz arama\/sondaj faaliyetlerinde bulunmalar\u0131na, bundan \u00f6nce oldu\u011fu gibi bundan sonra da hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde m\u00fcsaade etmeyece\u011fini ve k\u0131ta sahanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki hak ve menfaatlerini korumak i\u00e7in gerekli her t\u00fcrl\u00fc tedbiri alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u201d bildirmi\u015f ve ihale alan \u00fclke ve \u015firketleri Ada\u2019daki di\u011fer kurucu halk olan K\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrklerinin iradesini dikkate almalar\u0131 ve K\u0131br\u0131s meselesinin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm s\u00fcrecine olumsuz etkide bulunacak ad\u0131mlar atmamalar\u0131 konusunda uyarm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[17]<\/p>\n
12. Parsele ait ihaleyi kazanan Texas Houston merkezli bir Amerikan \u015firketi olan Noble Enerji ile \u0130srail\u2019in Delek firmalar\u0131 ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin sava\u015f nedeni saymas\u0131na ra\u011fmen b\u00f6lgede do\u011fal gaz-petrol arama ve sondaj i\u015flemlerine ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f ve \u0130srail ile GKRY aras\u0131nda, Noble-Delek enerji platformunun \u0130srail taraf\u0131ndan korunmas\u0131 konusunda anla\u015fmalar yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[18] \u0130ki \u00fclke aras\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen temaslar kapsam\u0131nda \u0130srail GKRY\u2019den deniz ve hava \u00fcsleri talebinde de bulunmu\u015ftur. [19]<\/p>\n
Noble-Delek Firmas\u0131 Konsorsiyumunun ilk bulgular\u0131na g\u00f6re K\u0131br\u0131s adas\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcneyindeki do\u011fal gaz potansiyeli 147 milyar metrek\u00fcp civar\u0131ndad\u0131r ve bu rakam, K\u0131br\u0131s’\u0131n y\u00fcz y\u0131ll\u0131k enerji ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamaya yeterlidir. G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Akdeniz’de bulunan Levantini havzas\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak 1.68 milyar varil petrol ve 3,45 trilyon metrek\u00fcp do\u011fal gaz i\u00e7erdi\u011fi dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Do\u011fu Akdeniz’deki petrol ve do\u011fal gaz yataklar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00f6lgeyi ve b\u00f6lgeye en h\u00e2kim konumda bulunan K\u0131br\u0131s adas\u0131n\u0131 stratejik bir enerji \u00fcss\u00fcne d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc daha iyi anla\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Bu kapsamda, K\u0131br\u0131s a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131ndaki do\u011fal gaz potansiyeli ile Noble-Delek firmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Amerikan ExonMobile, Hollandal\u0131 Shell, Frans\u0131z Total Enerji, \u0130talyan Eni, Koreli Kogas ve Rus Novatec, gibi firmalar da yak\u0131ndan ilgilenmektedir.[20] (\u015eekil-4)<\/p>\n
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\u015eekil-4 GKRY’nin Arama Ruhsat\u0131 Verdi\u011fi Sahalar ve \u015eirketler<\/p><\/div>\n
GKRY\u2019nin Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de 19 Eyl\u00fcl 2011\u2019de tarihinde petrol ve do\u011fal gaz arama \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flatmas\u0131na tepki olarak T\u00fcrkiye 21 Eyl\u00fcl 2011\u2019de KKTC ile \u201cK\u0131ta Sahanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 S\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rma Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u201d imzalam\u0131\u015f[21] ve KKTC Bakanlar Kurulu karar\u0131 ile adan\u0131n \u00e7evresinde yedi m\u00fcnhas\u0131r alan belirlenerek bu alanlardan KKTC\u2019nin 12 mil a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bulunan yedinci b\u00f6lgede TPAO (T\u00fcrkiye Petrolleri Anonim Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131)\u2019ya petrol arama izni verilmi\u015ftir.[22] TPAO, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda G\u00fcney Kore yap\u0131m\u0131 “Deep Sea Metro” 2 adl\u0131 derin deniz sondaj gemisini sat\u0131n alarak “Fatih” ad\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015ftir.[23] \u0130lk sondaj \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na 29 Ekim 2018\u2019de Alanya-1 kuyusunda ba\u015flayan Fatih \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki s\u00fcre\u00e7te KKTC taraf\u0131ndan TPAO\u2019na arama izni verilen b\u00f6lgelerde de sondaj \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na devam edecektir.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye,\u00a0BMDHS\u2019yi imzalamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve KKTC ile imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 K\u0131ta Sahanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 S\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rma Anla\u015fmas\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda di\u011fer \u00fclkelerle MEB s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 belirlememi\u015ftir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin MEB s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 belirlememi\u015f olmas\u0131ndan istifade eden b\u00f6lge \u00fclkeleri; kendi aralar\u0131nda, MEB belirleme anla\u015fmalar\u0131 imzalayarak b\u00f6lgedeki hidrokarbon kaynaklar\u0131ndan kendi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda ve T\u00fcrkiye ve KKTC\u2019nin haklar\u0131n\u0131 dikkate almadan yararlanmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
BMDHS, MEB tespitinin k\u0131y\u0131da\u015f \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda ortakla\u015fa yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6rmekle birlikte MEB s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n tek tarafl\u0131 ilan edilemeyece\u011fine ili\u015fkin bir h\u00fck\u00fcm de i\u00e7ermemektedir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de kendi MEB s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 deklare etme hakk\u0131 mevcuttur ve bu hakk\u0131n ilan edilmesi b\u00f6lge kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 kendi aralar\u0131nda payla\u015fmaya ba\u015flayan \u00fclkelerin uyar\u0131lmas\u0131 ve cayd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Di\u011fer yandan T\u00fcrkiye Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de KKTC ile birlikte MEB s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 belirleme imk\u00e2n\u0131na da sahip bulunmaktad\u0131r. Ancak \u015fimdiye kadar bu yola ba\u015fvurmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. ( \u015eekil-5)<\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"http:\/\/misak.millidusunce.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/5-768x577.jpg\")
\u015eekil-5 T\u00fcrkiye’nin \u0130lan Etmesi Muhtemel MEB (M\u00fcnhas\u0131r Ekonomik B\u00f6lge) S\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131<\/p><\/div>\n
K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n etraf\u0131ndaki petrol ve do\u011fal gaz alanlar\u0131 konusunda T\u00fcrkiye ile GKRY aras\u0131ndaki ihtilaf devam ederken\u00a0GKRY\u2019nin ruhsat verdi\u011fi bir di\u011fer \u015firket olan \u0130talyan EN\u0130 firmas\u0131na ait Saipem 12000 adl\u0131 sondaj gemisi 8 \u015eubat 2018 tarihinde GKRY\u2019nin ruhsat verdi\u011fi ihtilafl\u0131 alana girmeye te\u015febb\u00fcs etmi\u015f ancak T\u00fcrk Deniz Kuvvetleri’ne ait sava\u015f gemileri taraf\u0131ndan K\u0131br\u0131s g\u00fcneyinde durdurulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
S\u00f6z konusu olay konusunda \u0130talya Savunma Bakan\u0131 Roberta Pinotti, “T\u00fcrkiye ile b\u00fct\u00fcn diplomatik kanallar\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k tutuldu\u011funu ve h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde diplomatik bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bulunmas\u0131n\u0131n beklendi\u011fini” belirtmi\u015ftir. GKRY ise olay\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye-AB ihtilaf\u0131 haline getirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve AB Konseyi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Donald Tusk “T\u00fcrkiye’ye herhangi bir AB \u00fcyesine kar\u015f\u0131 bir harekette bulunmama ve tehdit y\u00f6neltmeme, onun yerine iyi kom\u015fuluk ili\u015fkileri kurma, bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm arama ve toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne sayg\u0131 duyma \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda\u201d <\/em>bulunmu\u015ftur.[24]<\/p>\nT\u00fcrk sava\u015f gemilerinin Saipem 12000 adl\u0131 gemiye m\u00fcdahalesini m\u00fcteakip T\u00fcrk Deniz Kuvvetleri,\u00a013 \u015eubat- 22 \u015eubat 2018 tarihleri aras\u0131nda Zafer Burnu’ndan 4 deniz mili uzakl\u0131ktan ba\u015flay\u0131p T\u00fcrkiye-Suriye s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na kadar ula\u015fan b\u00f6lge i\u00e7in NAVTEX*\u00a0yay\u0131mlam\u0131\u015f, daha sonra NAVTEX ilan edilen alan i\u00e7in s\u00fcreyi iki kez uzatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
GKRY ise ABD\u2019nin ExonMobile firmas\u0131na ve Katar Petrol firmas\u0131na ait sondaj gemilerinin 10 numaral\u0131 parselde g\u00f6reve ba\u015flama tarihinden bir g\u00fcn \u00f6nce s\u00f6z konusu sondaj alan\u0131 ve \u00e7evresi i\u00e7in NAVTEX yay\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu NAVTEX\u2019in GKRY\u2019nin birlikte ortak askeri tatbikatlar yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ABD\u2019yi de soruna d\u00e2hil ederek T\u00fcrk Deniz Kuvvetleri’ni 10. Parselde sondaj yapacak gemilere m\u00fcdahaleden cayd\u0131rmak amac\u0131na y\u00f6nelik oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Takip eden s\u00fcre\u00e7te ExonMobile, KKTC\u2019nin 35. kurulu\u015f y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc olan 15 Kas\u0131m 2018\u2019de 10 numaral\u0131 parselde \u0130ngiliz bayrakl\u0131 Stena Icemax adl\u0131 sondaj gemisi ile sondaj faaliyetlerine ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. ABD D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Rumlar\u0131n sondaj \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 desteklediklerini; ancak enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n K\u0131br\u0131s sorununda kapsaml\u0131 bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde T\u00fcrk ve Rumlar aras\u0131nda e\u015fit olarak payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirterek T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den gelecek tepkileri yumu\u015fatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[25] Sondaj faaliyetlerine ba\u015flama tarihi olarak kas\u0131tl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde\u00a0KKTC\u2019nin kurulu\u015f tarihinin se\u00e7ilmesinin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye ve KKTC\u2019ye K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n kuzeyinde kurulan T\u00fcrk devletinin tan\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve tan\u0131nmayaca\u011f\u0131 mesaj\u0131n\u0131 aktarma amac\u0131na y\u00f6nelik oldu\u011fu de\u011ferlendirilmektedir.<\/p>\n
Di\u011fer yandan GKRY\u2019nin, 2018 Ekim ay\u0131nda Frans\u0131z, \u0130talyan ve Amerikan enerji \u015firketleri Total, EN\u0130 ve ExxonMobil\u2019e T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin k\u0131ta sahanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7inde bulunan 7\u2019inci parselde petrol ve do\u011fal gaz rezervlerini ara\u015ft\u0131rmak \u00fczere \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131da bulunmas\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcteakip, Frans\u0131z Total ve \u0130talyan Eni \u015firketleri; 26 Kas\u0131m 2018\u2018de 7. parselde hidrokarbon sondaj\u0131 yapmak \u00fczere GKRY\u2019ye lisans ba\u015fvurusunda bulunmu\u015ftur.[26]<\/p>\n
Ya\u015fanan olaylar GKRY\u2019nin T\u00fcrkiye ve KKTC ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan t\u00fcm ihtilaflarda AB\u2019yi, ABD\u2019yi ve arama ruhsat\u0131 verdi\u011fi \u015firketlerin mensup oldu\u011fu di\u011fer \u00fclkeleri ihtilaf\u0131n taraf\u0131 ve Rum \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131n koruyucusu olarak kullanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 AB, ABD, \u0130srail, \u0130talya, \u0130ngiltere, Fransa, Kore, Rusya ve ilgili di\u011fer devletlerin deste\u011fiyle kendi lehine \u00e7\u00f6zmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Bu kapsamda T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerinin GKRY ve Yunanistan\u2019la mevcut ihtilaflarda AB\u2019yi, ABD\u2019yi ve ilgili di\u011fer \u00fclkeleri ihtilafa taraf olmamalar\u0131 konusunda uyarmalar\u0131 \u00f6nem kazanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
GKRY, MEB \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda MAC(M\u0131s\u0131r Arap Cumhuriyeti) ile Akdeniz\u2019deki deniz yetki alanlar\u0131n\u0131 da T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi kendi kara sahas\u0131na hapsedecek bi\u00e7imde belirleme \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmektedir. Yunan ba\u015fbakan\u0131, MAC, Yunanistan ve GKRY\u2019nin sorunlu bir b\u00f6lgede istikrar unsuru oldu\u011funu iddia ederek, MAC ile MEB s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi i\u00e7in MAC ba\u015fkan\u0131 ile mutab\u0131k kald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[27]<\/p>\n
Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de Yunanistan ile GKRY taraf\u0131ndan belirlenen ve AB taraf\u0131ndan da desteklenen MEB kabul edildi\u011fi takdirde, T\u00fcrkiye deniz yetki alanlar\u0131ndan yakla\u015f\u0131k 100.000 kilometrekarelik bir alan\u0131 kaybedecektir.[28] (\u015eekil-6)<\/p>\n
Bu nedenle, Yunanistan, GKRY, MAC gibi \u00fclkelerin kendi aralar\u0131nda vard\u0131klar\u0131 anla\u015fmalarla MEB\u2019lerini belirleyerek T\u00fcrkiye ve KKTC\u2019nin deniz yetki alanlar\u0131na yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 tecav\u00fczleri ge\u00e7ersiz k\u0131lmak \u00fczere T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin bir an \u00f6nce kendi MEB\u2019ni tercihen KKTC ile ortakla\u015fa ya da tek ba\u015f\u0131na belirleyerek deklare etmesi \u00f6nem kazanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"http:\/\/misak.millidusunce.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/6-768x360.jpg\")
\u015eerkil-6 T\u00fcrkiye’nin Deniz Yetki Alan\u0131 Kayb\u0131<\/p><\/div>\n
GKRY-Yunanistan-ABD-\u0130srail-Mac-\u0130talya aras\u0131nda Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de i\u015fbirli\u011fi<\/strong><\/h3>\nK\u0131br\u0131s kapsam\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye ile Yunanistan ve GKRY aras\u0131nda uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r s\u00fcren ihtilaflarda Rum\/Yunan ikilisi uluslararas\u0131 hukuka, Kuzey K\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrk Cumhuriyeti’ni kuran antla\u015fmalara ve K\u0131br\u0131s Anayasas\u0131\u2019na ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak GKRY\u2019yi AB \u00fcyeli\u011fine kabul ettirmek suretiyle ihtilaf\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye-AB ihtilaf\u0131 haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrme konusunda kendileri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir yol kat etmi\u015flerdir. AB\u2019nin hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 \u015fekilde GKRY\u2019yi, adan\u0131n tek yetkili \u201cdevleti\u201d varsayarak AB\u2019ye \u00fcye yapmas\u0131 ya\u015fanmakta olan haks\u0131z ve hukuksuz t\u00fcm geli\u015fmelerin tetikleyicisi olmu\u015ftur. AB, GKRY ve Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n hakkaniyete uygun olmayan MEB iddialar\u0131n\u0131n da arkas\u0131nda durmaktad\u0131r.[29] AB\u2019nin deste\u011fi ile yetinmeyen Rum\/Yunan ikilisinin son d\u00f6nemde T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019ne ve KKTC\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 yeni m\u00fcttefikler bulma \u00e7abas\u0131 i\u00e7ine girdi\u011fi g\u00f6zlemlenmektedir. Bu kapsamda, GKRY ve Yunanistan, di\u011fer \u00fclkelerle de i\u015fbirli\u011finde bulunmakta, antla\u015fmalar imzalamakta ve Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de ortak d\u00fc\u015fman olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019ne kar\u015f\u0131 ABD, \u0130srail, \u0130talya, \u0130ngiltere, Fransa ve MAC ile ortak askeri tatbikatlar yapmaktad\u0131r.[30]<\/p>\n
Yunanistan\/GKRY ile MAC aras\u0131nda, 2018 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar be\u015f kez ortak zirve yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 21 Kas\u0131m 2017 tarihinde \u00fc\u00e7 \u00fclke Lefko\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n Rum kesiminde toplanarak ortak bir beyanname yay\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 12 maddelik beyannamede T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019ne K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n egemenli\u011fine sayg\u0131 duymas\u0131 ve m\u00fczakerelerde olumlu davranmas\u0131 konusunda \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131da bulunulmu\u015f ve \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ittifak\u0131n \u0130talya\u2019n\u0131n da kat\u0131lmas\u0131 ile geni\u015flemesi karar\u0131 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Beyannamede ayr\u0131ca GKRY, Yunanistan ve \u0130talya \u00fczerinden ge\u00e7ecek boru hatt\u0131 ile Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019den \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lacak do\u011fal gaz\u0131n AB\u2019ye sevk edilmesi anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[31]<\/p>\n
K\u0131br\u0131s etraf\u0131nda ve \u0130srail kuzeyinde zengin do\u011fal gaz yataklar\u0131 bulunmas\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcteakip Yunanistan\/GKRY ile \u0130srail aras\u0131nda geli\u015fen ili\u015fkiler kapsam\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7 \u00fclke aras\u0131nda ortak toplant\u0131lar d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f ve askeri i\u015fbirli\u011fi anla\u015fmalar\u0131 da d\u00e2hil bir\u00e7ok anla\u015fma imzalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 18 \u015eubat 2016\u2019da \u0130srail\u2019in Begin-Sedat Stratejik Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Merkezi’nde d\u00fczenlenen toplant\u0131da Yunanistan Savunma Bakan\u0131 Kammenos, T\u00fcrkiye’nin Neo- Osmanl\u0131c\u0131 hayaller pe\u015finde ko\u015ftu\u011funu, b\u00f6lgenin istikrars\u0131zla\u015fmas\u0131nda ba\u015fat rol oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u0130srail kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 bir duru\u015fa sahip oldu\u011funu ve cihat\u00e7\u0131lara destek verdi\u011fini \u00f6ne s\u00fcrerek \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ittifak\u0131 g\u00fcvenceye almaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
1 Mart 2016\u2019da ise yine Begin-Sedat Stratejik Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Merkezi’nde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen bir di\u011fer konferansta Yunanl\u0131 akademisyenler konuk edilmi\u015f ve Yunanistan’\u0131n b\u00f6lgedeki stratejik rol\u00fc ve Do\u011fu Akdeniz’in istikrar\u0131 \u00fczerine g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f teatisinde bulunulmu\u015ftur.[32]<\/p>\n
Takip eden s\u00fcre\u00e7te, 5 May\u0131s 2018 tarihinde, GKRY Lideri Anastasiadis ile Yunanistan Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 \u00c7ipras ve \u0130srail Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Netanyahu, Lefko\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n Rum kesiminde bir araya gelmi\u015f ve yap\u0131lan toplant\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan ortak bas\u0131n toplant\u0131s\u0131 d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Bas\u0131n toplant\u0131s\u0131nda, Rum Lider Anastasiadis, Yunan Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 \u00c7ipras ile \u0130srail Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Netanyahu\u2019yu K\u0131br\u0131s sorunu konusundaki son geli\u015fmeler hakk\u0131nda bilgilendirdi\u011fini, \u00fc\u00e7 \u00fclke aras\u0131ndaki i\u015f birli\u011finin artarak devam edece\u011fini ve Do\u011fu Akdeniz Do\u011fal Gaz Boru Hatt\u0131 Projesine (East Med) ili\u015fkin anla\u015fman\u0131n 2018 y\u0131l\u0131 i\u00e7inde imzalanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirmi\u015ftir. [33]<\/p>\n
Bu kapsamda GKRY, Yunanistan ve \u0130srail, Leviathan ve Afrodit b\u00f6lgelerinde tespit edilen do\u011fal gaz\u0131n K\u0131br\u0131s \u00fczerinden Girit-Mora Yar\u0131madas\u0131 g\u00fczerg\u00e2h\u0131 ile \u0130talya\u2019n\u0131n Otranto liman\u0131na ba\u011flanmas\u0131 konusunda anla\u015fmaya varm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. East-Med adl\u0131 proje kapsam\u0131nda K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n g\u00fcneyinden Yunanistan ve \u0130talya\u2019ya ba\u011flanacak 2200 km. uzunlu\u011fundaki hat, denizin 3300 m. alt\u0131ndan ge\u00e7ecektir. 7 milyar dolar maliyeti olaca\u011f\u0131 tahmin edilen projenin fizibilite et\u00fcd\u00fc i\u00e7in AB, 100 milyon dolar yat\u0131r\u0131m yapmay\u0131 kabul etmi\u015ftir. Projenin bir ay i\u00e7inde ba\u015flamas\u0131 ve be\u015f y\u0131l i\u00e7inde tamamlanmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.[34]<\/p>\n
K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye 80 km. mesafede olmas\u0131 ve karadan d\u00f6\u015fenecek boru hatt\u0131 maliyetinin deniz alt\u0131na d\u00f6\u015fenecek boru hatt\u0131 maliyetinden \u00e7ok daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmas\u0131 nedeniyle Leviathan ve Afrodit b\u00f6lgelerinden \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lacak petrol ve do\u011fal gaz\u0131n nakli i\u00e7in en uygun hat T\u00fcrkiye\u2019dir. Ancak \u0130srail, Suriye\u2019de ABD ile birlikte PYD\/YPG \u00fczerinden y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc K\u00fcrt devleti kurma giri\u015fimini engelleyen, Gazze sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ele\u015ftiren ve ba\u015f\u015fehrinin Tel Aviv\u2019den Kud\u00fcs\u2019e ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi d\u00fc\u015fman olarak alg\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan GKRY ise KKTC ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi d\u0131\u015flayarak \u00fczerinde KKTC halk\u0131n\u0131n da hakk\u0131 bulunan alanlarda ve T\u00fcrk K\u0131ta Sahanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda petrol ve do\u011fal gaz ruhsat\u0131 verdi\u011finden bu iki \u00fclke Levant alan\u0131ndaki\u00a0petrol ve do\u011fal gaz\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131nda en elveri\u015fli rota olan T\u00fcrkiye yerine denizin alt\u0131nda 2200 Km. boru d\u00f6\u015fenmesini gerektiren Yunanistan- \u0130talya rotas\u0131n\u0131 tercih etmektedir. S\u00f6z konusu tercihte, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Rusya Federasyonu ile yak\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131ndan ve \u201cT\u00fcrk Ak\u0131m\u0131\u201d ve \u201cKuzey Ak\u0131m\u0131\u201d projelerinden rahats\u0131z olan ABD\u2019nin de telkinleri oldu\u011fu muhakkakt\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu rahats\u0131zl\u0131k ABD d\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri bakan\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ABD D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Enerji Kaynaklar\u0131 Birimi M\u00fcste\u015far Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 John McCarrick\u2019in de a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ifadelerine yans\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: \u201cABD, Rusya\u2019dan ba\u015flay\u0131p Karadeniz \u00fczerinden T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye aktar\u0131lmas\u0131 planlanan \u201cT\u00fcrk Ak\u0131m\u0131\u201d ve Balt\u0131k Denizi alt\u0131ndan Rusya\u2019dan Almanya\u2019ya do\u011fal gaz g\u00f6nderilmesini planlayan \u201cKuzey Ak\u0131m\u0131 2\u201d do\u011fal gaz boru hatt\u0131 projelerine kar\u015f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em> [35]<\/p>\nYunan as\u0131ll\u0131 uzman George Tzogopoulos, T\u00fcrk Ak\u0131m\u0131’na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan ABD\u2019nin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Yunanistan, GKRY ve \u0130srail\u2019in de T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 birlikte hareket ettiklerini a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u201cBa\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z K\u00fcrdistan\u201d \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131yla g\u00fcndeme gelen \u0130srail merkezli Begin-Sedat Stratejik Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Merkezi taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131mlanan Tzogopoulos\u2019un makalesinde; Yunanistan, GKRY ve \u0130srail aras\u0131ndaki \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ittifak\u0131n hedefinde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ifade edilmi\u015f ve ABD\u2019deki Yunan ve Yahudi lobilerinin bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede bir kampanya y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc belirtilmi\u015ftir.[36]<\/p>\n
\u0130srail\u2019in ikinci b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fcniversitesi olan Bar-Ilan \u00dcniversitesi\u2019ne ba\u011fl\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rma merkezinin internet sitesinde yer alan bir makalede ise \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ittifak\u0131n askeri planda ve enerji alan\u0131nda i\u015fbirli\u011finin geli\u015fti\u011fi hat\u0131rlat\u0131larak \u201cyeni tehditlere kar\u015f\u0131\u201d, taraflar\u0131n ortak eyleme haz\u0131r oldu\u011fu ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin her \u00fc\u00e7 \u00fclke i\u00e7in de askeri anlamda ve enerji g\u00fcvenli\u011finde bir numaral\u0131 tehdit oldu\u011fu belirtilmi\u015ftir. Makalede\u00a0 ayr\u0131ca \u201cdemokratik blok\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ittifak\u0131n ABD\u2019den destek arad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ittifak\u0131n yap\u0131 ve ama\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 buna g\u00f6re \u015fekillendirdi\u011fi belirtilmekte, bu ba\u011flamda, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz d\u00f6nemde Amerika\u2019daki Ermeni lobisiyle i\u015fbirli\u011fiyle tan\u0131nan Helen Amerikan Liderlik Konseyi\u2019nin (HALC) y\u00f6neticisi Endy Zemenides\u2019in, \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ittifaka ABD deste\u011fini sa\u011flamak \u00fczere Amerikan Yahudi Komitesi\u2019yle birlikte Washington\u2019da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bildirilmektedir.[37] ABD d\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yetkililerinin “T\u00fcrk Ak\u0131m\u0131 Projesi”nden rahats\u0131zl\u0131k duyuldu\u011funa ili\u015fkin a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131, HALC\u2019\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n
GKRY ve Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n ABD, \u0130srail, MAC ve \u0130talya ile T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapmalar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi bekleyen bir di\u011fer tehdit de GKRY\u2019nin AB \u00fcyeli\u011finden yararlanarak K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131 temsilen K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n etraf\u0131ndaki deniz alanlar\u0131 ve MEB ile hava sahas\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131n kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc ele almas\u0131 sonucu T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Anadolu kara sahas\u0131na hapsedilmesi riskidir.<\/p>\n
Kendi y\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 K\u0131br\u0131s devletinin temsil hakk\u0131n\u0131 elinde bulundurmas\u0131na AB taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6z yumulan GKRY; MAC, L\u00fcbnan ve \u0130srail ile K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n etraf\u0131ndaki MEB alanlar\u0131n\u0131 belirlemi\u015f ve s\u00f6z konusu alanlar\u0131 tek ba\u015f\u0131na kullanmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019deki MEB s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 hen\u00fcz belirlememi\u015f olan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin GKRY\u2019nin MEB alan\u0131 olarak belirledi\u011fi b\u00f6lge i\u00e7indeki hukuksuz uygulamalar\u0131na ve petrol ve do\u011fal gaz \u00e7\u0131kartma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na gereken tepkiyi g\u00f6stermemesi halinde Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de GKRY taraf\u0131ndan belirlenen MEB alan\u0131 i\u015flerlik kazanacak ve hem T\u00fcrkiye hem de KKTC Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019deki MEB alanlar\u0131ndan GKRY lehine feragatte bulunmu\u015f ve ilan edilen MEB s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131na r\u0131za g\u00f6stermi\u015f duruma d\u00fc\u015fecektir. Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n benzer uygulamaya Ege Denizi’nde de i\u015flerlik kazand\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve karasular\u0131n\u0131 12 mile \u00e7\u0131karma haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda oldu\u011fu dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda GKRY ile Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n MEB s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 birle\u015ftirmesi durumunda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin hem Ege Denizi’nde hem de Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019deki MEB sahalar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda GKRY ve Yunanistan\u2019a devredilme tehlikesi ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalaca\u011f\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011fi daha iyi anla\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r. (\u015eekil-7)<\/p>\n
Bu kapsamda Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n Ege\u2019de i\u015fgal etti\u011fi 18 ada ve bir kayal\u0131k ile Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019deki Meis adas\u0131 i\u00e7in de karasular\u0131, biti\u015fik b\u00f6lge ve MEB ilan etmesi durumunda T\u00fcrkiye, Ege\u2019deki ve Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019deki deniz yetki alanlar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc Yunanistan ve GKRY\u2019ye devretmi\u015f olacak ve Anadolu topraklar\u0131na hapsolacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
S\u00f6z konusu deniz yetki alanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde yer alan hava sahalar\u0131n\u0131n kontrol\u00fcn\u00fcn de GKRY ve Yunanistan\u2019a ge\u00e7mesi ve Atina FIR\u2019\u0131 ile Lefko\u015fa FIR\u2019\u0131n\u0131n birle\u015ftirilmesi durumunda T\u00fcrk gemilerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra T\u00fcrk u\u00e7aklar\u0131 da Ege ve Akdeniz\u2019e \u00e7\u0131kamayacak hale gelecektir.(\u015eekil-8) Bu nedenle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Ege ve Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019deki yetki alanlar\u0131 sorununu birlikte ele alarak de\u011ferlendirmesi ve GKRY ve Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n oldu bittilerine seyirci kalmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 Rum\/Yunan ikilisine ve AB\u2019ye a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde bildirmesi gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"http:\/\/misak.millidusunce.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/7-768x512.jpg\")
\u015eekil-7 GKRY ve Yunanistan’\u0131n MEB Planlar\u0131<\/p><\/div>\n
Ancak T\u00fcrkiye ve KKTC\u2019nin hen\u00fcz aralar\u0131nda MEB belirleme anla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalamam\u0131\u015f olmalar\u0131 ve Ege\u2019deki Yunan i\u015fgallerine gereken tepkinin g\u00f6sterilmemesi T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin elini zay\u0131flatmakta ve GKRY ve Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n Ege ve Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019deki hukuksuz uygulamalar\u0131na f\u0131rsat sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
GKRY ve Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n k\u0131y\u0131da\u015f \u00fclkelerle imzalad\u0131klar\u0131 MEB anla\u015fmalar\u0131yla b\u00f6lgedeki deniz yetki alanlar\u0131n\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye ve KKTC <\/em>aleyhine geni\u015fletmeleri ve b\u00f6lgedeki hidrokarbon kaynaklar\u0131ndan T\u00fcrkiye ve KKTC\u2019yi d\u0131\u015flayarak tek ba\u015flar\u0131na yararlanma planlar\u0131na engel olunabilmesi i\u00e7in T\u00fcrkiye ve KKTC\u2019nin bir an \u00f6nce MEB belirleme anla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalamalar\u0131 gerekmektedir. Ayr\u0131ca T\u00fcrkiye\/KKTC ile Yunanistan\/GKRY aras\u0131ndaki deniz yetki alanlar\u0131 ve enerji sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 K\u0131br\u0131s sorunuyla birlikte ele almak \u00fczere T\u00fcrkiye ve KKTC taraf\u0131ndan ortak bir \u201cStratejik Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi<\/em>\u201d te\u015fkil edilmesi ve s\u00f6z konusu merkezin g\u00f6revleri aras\u0131na Ege sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n da d\u00e2hil edilmesi ak\u0131lc\u0131 bir yakla\u015f\u0131m olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\nDi\u011fer yandan “Fatih<\/em>” sondaj gemisi ile Alanya b\u00f6lgesinde yap\u0131lan petrol ve do\u011fal gaz arama \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 T\u00fcrk karasular\u0131 i\u00e7inde icra edilmektedir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin 27 Kas\u0131m 2018\u2019de a\u00e7\u0131klanan MGK bildirisinde yer alan \u201cT\u00fcrkiye`nin ve KKTC\u2019nin Ege Denizi ve Do\u011fu Akdeniz`deki hak ve menfaatlerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 hi\u00e7bir geli\u015fmeye m\u00fcsaade edilmeyece\u011fi<\/em>\u201d[38] ifadesinin gere\u011finin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin bu konudaki kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ilgili devletlere g\u00f6sterilmesi i\u00e7in s\u00f6z konusu sondaj \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrk K\u0131ta Sahanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fan 1, 4, 5, 6 ve 7 no.lu parseller ile KKTC\u2019nin deniz yetki alanlar\u0131 ile \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fan 1, 2, 3, 8, 9, 12 ve 13 no.lu parseller \u00fczerinde yer alan ve KKTC taraf\u0131ndan TPAO\u2019na ruhsat verilen A, B, C, D, E, F ve G b\u00f6lgelerinde yap\u0131lmas\u0131 uygun olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\nAyr\u0131ca T\u00fcrkiye enerji alan\u0131nda di\u011fer \u00fclkelerle rekabet edebilmesi ve TPAO\u2019nun kendisine verilen g\u00f6revleri etkin \u015fekilde yerine getirebilmesi i\u00e7in halen \u00f6zelle\u015ftirme s\u00fcrecinde olan TPAO ile BOTA\u015e\u2019\u0131n yeniden birle\u015ftirilmesi ve her iki kurumun \u00f6nceki petrol yasas\u0131nda sahip oldu\u011fu hak ve yetkilere tekrar kavu\u015fturulmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.[39]<\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"http:\/\/misak.millidusunce.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/8.jpg\")
\u015eekil-8 GKRY\u2019nin ve Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n FIR Hatlar\u0131n\u0131 Birle\u015ftirme Plan\u0131<\/p><\/div>\n
Sonu\u00e7 ve \u00f6neriler<\/strong><\/h3>\nDo\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de ve K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n etraf\u0131nda 2008 y\u0131l\u0131nda ke\u015ffedilen petrol ve do\u011fal gaz kaynaklar\u0131 b\u00f6lgedeki devletlerin k\u0131y\u0131 \u015feritlerini son derece de\u011ferli binlerce mil karelik deniz alanlar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. S\u00f6z konusu alanlardan \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lacak olan petrol ve do\u011fal gaz \u00fczerinde b\u00f6lge \u00fclkeleri olan T\u00fcrkiye, KKTC, GKRY, L\u00fcbnan, M\u0131s\u0131r, Suriye, \u0130srail ve Filistin hak sahibidir.<\/p>\n
Ancak GKRY kom\u015fular\u0131yla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 MEB anla\u015fmalar\u0131 ve K\u0131br\u0131s etraf\u0131ndaki alanlar i\u00e7in a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 tek tarafl\u0131 ihalelerle bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin k\u0131ta sahanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7inde bulunan, kalanlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde ise KKTC halk\u0131n\u0131n da hakk\u0131 bulunan hidrokarbon kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131na sahip \u00e7\u0131karak s\u00f6z konusu kaynaklar\u0131 tek ba\u015f\u0131na i\u015fletmeye yeltenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
GKRY\u2019nin T\u00fcrkiye ve KKTC\u2019yi yok sayarak MEB anla\u015fmalar\u0131 imzalamas\u0131 ve T\u00fcrkiye ve KKTC\u2019nin deniz yetki alanlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde arama ruhsatlar\u0131 vermesi 1982 tarihli BM Deniz Hukuku S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u2019nin MEB s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesine y\u00f6nelik 74. maddesine, k\u0131ta sahanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 belirleyen 83. maddesine, \u201cYar\u0131 Kapal\u0131 Denizlere\u201d ili\u015fkin 122. ve 123. maddelerine, s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin uygulanmas\u0131nda hakk\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullan\u0131lmamas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyen 300. ve 311. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
GKRY, s\u00f6z konusu hukuksuz uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmek \u00fczere b\u00f6lge \u00fclkeleriyle MEB anla\u015fmalar\u0131 imzalamas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra siyasi ve askeri ittifaklar da kurarak s\u00f6z konusu \u00fclkelerin g\u00fcc\u00fcnden T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 yararlanmaya ve bu \u00fclkelerin de deste\u011fi ile T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi ve KKTC\u2019yi ulusal ve uluslararas\u0131 hak ve menfaatlerinden mahrum b\u0131rakmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti ise GKRY\u2019yi ikaz ederek ihtilafl\u0131 alanlarda petrol ve do\u011fal gaz arama faaliyetlerine\u00a0 izin vermeyece\u011fini duyurmu\u015f, bu ama\u00e7la faaliyet g\u00f6steren \u00fclke firmalar\u0131n\u0131 hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 eylemlerden uzak durmalar\u0131 konusunda uyarm\u0131\u015f ve KKTC taraf\u0131ndan ruhsat verilen alanlarda TPAO vas\u0131tas\u0131yla petrol ve do\u011fal gaz arama faaliyetlerine ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak KKTC taraf\u0131ndan arama ruhsat\u0131 verilen TPAO\u2019nun BOTA\u015e\u2019tan ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 ve halen \u00f6zelle\u015ftirme s\u00fcrecinde olmas\u0131 faaliyetlerin e\u015fg\u00fcd\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc zorla\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin enerji alan\u0131nda di\u011fer \u00fclkelerle rekabet edebilmesi ve Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019deki hidrokarbon kaynaklar\u0131ndan yararlanabilmesi i\u00e7in TPAO ve BOTA\u015e yeniden birle\u015ftirilmeli ve her iki kurumun \u00f6nceki petrol yasas\u0131nda sahip oldu\u011fu hak ve yetkilere tekrar kavu\u015fturulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gereken yasal d\u00fczenlemeler yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u0130srail\u2019in kuzeyindeki sahada faaliyette bulunan Noble-Betek adl\u0131 ABD-\u0130srail ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ayn\u0131 zamanda GKRY taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131lan bir ihaleyi kazanarak K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n g\u00fcneyindeki rezervlerde de sondaj ve \u00fcretim faaliyetlerinde bulunmas\u0131 Zohr b\u00f6lgesinde zengin do\u011fal gaz yataklar\u0131 bulan MAC\u2019ni ABD\u2019ye ve \u0130srail\u2019e yakla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bir di\u011fer \u00e7ok uluslu \u015firket olan ExonMobile ise GKRY\u2019nin ihale a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 10 numaral\u0131 parselde sondaj faaliyetlerine ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu faaliyetlerin arkas\u0131ndaki g\u00fc\u00e7 olan Yunanistan ve GKRY\u00a0b\u00f6lgedeki hukuk d\u0131\u015f\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi bask\u0131 alt\u0131na alabilmek i\u00e7in T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019ne kar\u015f\u0131 ABD, \u0130srail, \u0130talya, \u0130ngiltere, Fransa ve MAC ile ortak askeri tatbikatlar yapmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti kendisine y\u00f6nelik d\u00fc\u015fmanca tav\u0131r ve uygulamalara kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u015fta Deniz Kuvvetleri olmak \u00fczere TSK\u2019y\u0131 muhtemel bir harpte ulusal ve uluslararas\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 koruyacak seviyede geli\u015ftirmek ve bu kapsamda kendi savunma sanayii \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini tek ba\u015f\u0131na \u00fcretecek teknolojik seviyeye ula\u015fmak zorundad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ayr\u0131ca T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin MAC ile bozulan ili\u015fkilerini d\u00fczelterek bu \u00fclkeyi ABD-\u0130srail-Yunanistan-GKRY ekseninden kopartmas\u0131 ve GKRY\u2019nin 2001\u2019den beri MEB s\u0131n\u0131rlama amac\u0131yla g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Suriye ile de ili\u015fkilerini d\u00fczelterek \u0130srail-Yunanistan-GKRY ekseninden uzak tutmas\u0131 \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ve KKTC\u2019nin m\u00fcstakbel bir harpte Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131 olan birden fazla \u00fclke ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalabilecekleri dikkate al\u0131narak s\u00f6z konusu tehditlere kar\u015f\u0131 gereken m\u00fcdahalenin daha k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede ve daha etkin olarak yap\u0131labilmesine imk\u00e2n sa\u011flamak \u00fczere adadaki TSK varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 muhafaza ederken bir an \u00f6nce KKTC\u2019de deniz ve hava \u00fcsleri de ihdas etmesi ve bu \u00fcslere deniz ve hava unsurlar\u0131 konu\u015fland\u0131rmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n
Bu kapsamda garanti anla\u015fmas\u0131ndan do\u011fan yasal hakka dayanarak 1974 Rum\/Yunan darbesinde adaya m\u00fcdahale eden ve Rum\/Yunan ikilisinin 1963-1974 aras\u0131ndaki sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n benzerlerine kar\u015f\u0131 KKTC halk\u0131n\u0131n yeg\u00e2ne koruyucusu olan T\u00fcrk askeri varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n adadan ayr\u0131lmas\u0131na neden olacak hi\u00e7bir anla\u015fma metninin T\u00fcrkiye taraf\u0131ndan kabul edilmeyece\u011fi Yunanistan\u2019a, GKRY\u2019ye, AB\u2019ye, BM\u2019ye ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeleri y\u00fcr\u00fcten KKTC yetkililerine bildirilmelidir.<\/p>\n
Yunanistan ve GKRY\u2019nin K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n etraf\u0131ndaki Deniz alanlar\u0131 ve MEB ile hava sahas\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131n kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc ele alarak T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi Anadolu kara sahas\u0131na hapsetmesini \u00f6nlemek \u00fczere GKRY ve Yunanistan MEB\u2019lerinin ve Lefko\u015fa FIR\u2019\u0131 ile Atina FIR\u2019\u0131n\u0131n birle\u015ftirilmesini T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin hi\u00e7bir surette kabul etmeyece\u011fi ve bu konudaki uygulamalar\u0131 sava\u015f sebebi sayaca\u011f\u0131, ayr\u0131ca TBMM\u2019nin Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n karasular\u0131n\u0131 12 mile \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye taraf\u0131ndan sava\u015f sebebi say\u0131laca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin 8 Haziran 1995 tarihli bildirisinin halen ge\u00e7erlili\u011fini korudu\u011fu GKRY\u2019ye, Yunanistan\u2019a, AB\u2019ye ve BM\u2019ye bildirilmelidir.<\/p>\n
Di\u011fer yandan GKRY ve Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de MEB tespiti ve K\u0131br\u0131s etraf\u0131ndaki alanlardan petrol ve do\u011fal gaz \u00e7\u0131kartma amac\u0131yla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc dikkate al\u0131narak bir emrivaki ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalmamak i\u00e7in T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyetinin Akdeniz\u2019deki MEB belirlemesi KKTC ile birlikte en k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede yap\u0131lmal\u0131 ve BM ve ilgili \u00fclkeler nezdinde deklare edilmelidir.<\/p>\n
Her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn daha fazla \u00f6nem kazanan Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019deki MEB ve enerji sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 K\u0131br\u0131s sorunuyla birlikte ele almak \u00fczere T\u00fcrkiye ve KKTC taraf\u0131ndan ortak bir \u201cStratejik Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi\u201d te\u015fkil edilmeli ve her iki \u00fclkenin bu alandaki faaliyetlerinin Ege sorunu ile birlikte e\u015fg\u00fcd\u00fcm i\u00e7inde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesine imk\u00e2n sa\u011flamak \u00fczere s\u00f6z konusu Merkezin g\u00f6revlerinin aras\u0131na Ege sorunlar\u0131 da d\u00e2hil edilmelidir.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin 27 Kas\u0131m 2018 tarihli MGK bildirisinde a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ege Denizi ve Do\u011fu Akdeniz`deki hak ve menfaatlerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 hi\u00e7bir geli\u015fmeye m\u00fcsaade edilmeyece\u011fi\u201d ifadesinin gere\u011fi olarak halen Alanya b\u00f6lgesinde sondaj \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yapan Fatih gemisinin \u00f6ncelikle GKRY taraf\u0131ndan hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 \u015fekilde\u00a0 ruhsat verilen 13 sahadan T\u00fcrk K\u0131ta Sahanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve KKTC\u2019nin deniz yetki alanlar\u0131 ile \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fan alanlarda da petrol ve do\u011fal gaz aramalar\u0131na ba\u015flamas\u0131 sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Yukar\u0131da belirtilen tedbirler al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde Girit \u00f6rne\u011findeki uygulamaya benzer bir \u015fekilde K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n tamamen kaybedilmesinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra T\u00fcrkiye Do\u011fu Akdeniz ve Ege\u2019deki deniz ve hava yetki alanlar\u0131n\u0131n ve su \u00fcst\u00fc ve su alt\u0131 kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kaybederek Anadolu kara sahas\u0131na hapsolacak ve bir sonraki a\u015famada s\u0131ra Anadolu\u2019ya gelecektir.<\/p>\n
Dipnotlar<\/strong><\/h4>\n1 Nejat Tarak\u00e7\u0131, Mesele M\u0131s\u0131r ve Suriye De\u011fil: Do\u011fu Akdeniz, TASAM (T\u00fcrk Asya Stratejik Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Merkezi), 2 Eyl\u00fcl 2009, s.1<\/p>\n
2 Erdal Tanas Karag\u00f6l, B\u00fc\u015fra Zeynep \u00d6zdemir, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Enerji Ticaret Merkezi Olmas\u0131nda Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019in Rol\u00fc, SETA Raporu, Yay\u0131n No:92, 2017, s. 10<\/p>\n
3 Assessment of Undiscovered Oil and Gas Resources of the Levant Basin Province, Eastern Mediterranean, USGS (United States Geological Survey), March 2010.<\/p>\n
4 Karag\u00f6l, \u00d6zdemir, agr, s. 13<\/p>\n
5 Karag\u00f6l, \u00d6zdemir, agr, s. 13<\/p>\n
6 Tarak\u00e7\u0131, agm, s.1<\/p>\n
7 Soyalp Tam\u00e7elik ve Emre Kurt, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin M\u00fcnhas\u0131r Ekonomik B\u00f6lge Alg\u0131s\u0131 ve Yak\u0131n Tehdit Alan\u0131: K\u0131br\u0131s, Uluslararas\u0131 G\u00fcvenlik Kongresi Bildiriler Kitab\u0131 (Cilt 3), Edit\u00f6r: Hasret \u00c7omak, Kocaeli \u00dcniversitesi Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 1. Bask\u0131, Nisan 2014, Kocaeli, s.885<\/p>\n
8 Vatansever, agm, s.1524<\/p>\n
9 Tam\u00e7elik ve Kurt, agm, s.896-897<\/p>\n
10 Tam\u00e7elik ve Kurt, agm, s.890; \u201cDecree of 6\/18 September 1931 to define the extent of the territorial waters for the purposes of aviation and the control thereof\u201d, http:\/\/www.un.org\/Depts\/los\/LEGISLATIONAN<\/a><\/p>\nDTREATIES\/PDFFILES\/GRC_1931_Decree.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n11 Mehmet Cem Demirci, Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n karasular\u0131n\u0131 12 mile \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131 ile T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye Ege Denizi\u2019nin %10\u2019undan daha az bir alan kalacakt\u0131r,<\/p>\n
https:\/\/tr.euronews.com\/2018\/11\/27\/yunanistan-12-mil-cikisi-ile-turkiye-nin-sinir-uclarina-dokunuyor-gorus<\/p>\n
12 Necdet Pamir, Do\u011fu Akdeniz ve K\u0131br\u0131s Ekseninde Enerji ve Jeopolitik, Petrol M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131, Haziran 2018, s.13<\/p>\n
13 \u00d6zer Balka\u015f, Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de Petrol Ve Do\u011fal Gaz Gerginli\u011fi & H\u00fck\u00fcmranl\u0131k Sava\u015flar\u0131, https:\/\/www. <\/a>researchgate.net\/publication\/314208330 Mar 03, 2017<\/p>\n14 Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de Petrol Arama Krizi S\u00fcr\u00fcyor, \u0130ktisadi Kalk\u0131nma Vakf\u0131 E-B\u00fclteni, 19 \u2013 25 Eyl\u00fcl 2011<\/p>\n
15 Merve Aksoy, Do\u011fu Akdeniz Enerji rekabeti, \u0130NSAMER (\u0130nsani ve Sosyal Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Merkezi) Ara\u015ft\u0131rma 23, Eyl\u00fcl 2016, s.8<\/p>\n
16 Aksoy, agr, s.7; Fatma Ta\u015fdemir, K\u0131br\u0131s Adas\u0131 A\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131nda Petrol ve Do\u011falgaz Arama Faaliyetleri Kapsam\u0131nda Ortaya \u00c7\u0131kan Krizin Hukuki, Ekonomik ve Siyasi Boyutlar\u0131, Ankara Strateji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, 2012, s.36<\/p>\n
17 T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n 15 \u015eubat 2012 tarih ve 43 No.lu \u201cGKRY’nin A\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130kinci Uluslararas\u0131 Hidrokarbon Arama \u0130halesi\u201d<\/p>\n
konulu resmi a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131<\/p>\n
18 Vatansever, agm, s.1524; Ertan, Birol; \u201cG\u00fcney K\u0131br\u0131s \u0130srail Cumhuriyeti\u201d, http:\/\/www.trakyanethaber.com\/yeni\/koseyazi.asp, <\/a>(18.10.2011).<\/p>\n19 Tarak\u00e7\u0131, agm, s.2<\/p>\n
20 Ya\u015far Erg\u00fcl, Do\u011fu Akdeniz’de Petrol Oyunu, \u0130skenderun Teknik \u00dcniversitesi (\u0130STE), M\u00fchendislik ve Do\u011fa Bilimleri Fak\u00fcltesi,\u00a0 Petrol ve\u00a0 Do\u011falgaz M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, 17.10.2016<\/p>\n
21 Vatansever, agm, s. 1525<\/p>\n
22 Aksoy, agr, s.7<\/p>\n
23 Pamir, agm, s. 14<\/p>\n
24 K\u0131br\u0131s’taki Do\u011falgaz Gerginli\u011fi Hakk\u0131nda Bilinmesi Gerekenler, https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/turkce\/haberler-turkiye-43061162, <\/a>15 \u015eubat 2018<\/p>\n\n- Navtex (Navigational Telex) gemilere, teknelere aciliyet, emniyet, meteoroloji ve \u00e7e\u015fitli uyar\u0131lar\u0131n aktar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan ve uyar\u0131lar\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131 olarak verebilen bir sistemdir. Bu kapsamda NAVTEX\u2019i Havac\u0131l\u0131kta kullan\u0131lan NOTAM\u2019\u0131n (Notice to Airmen-Havac\u0131lara Uyar\u0131) denizde kullan\u0131lan kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rebiliriz. S\u00f6z konusu uyar\u0131 mesaj\u0131 enlem ve boylamlar\u0131 ilan edilen alana deniz ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n girmemesini ama\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
25 \u00d6mer Bilge, Amerikan ExxonMobil K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019ta sondaja ba\u015flad\u0131, H\u00fcrriyet, 17 Kas\u0131m 2018<\/p>\n
26 Elif K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckkaya, Total ve Eni G\u00fcney K\u0131br\u0131s Rum Y\u00f6netimi\u2019ne Ba\u015fvurdu, https:\/\/www.enerjiportali.com\/total-ve-eni-guney-kibris-rum-yonetimine-<\/a> basvurdu, <\/a>29 Kas\u0131m 2018<\/p>\n27 Cem G\u00fcrdeniz, Do\u011fu Akdeniz’de MEB s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131m\u0131z acilen ilan edilmelidir, Ayd\u0131nl\u0131k, 14.10.2018<\/p>\n
28 G\u00fcrdeniz, agm, 14.10.2018<\/p>\n
29 Pamir, agm, s.11<\/p>\n
30\u00a0 \u00a0Stelios \u00a0Marathovouniotis, \u00a0Large-scale \u00a0multinational \u00a0military \u00a0exercise \u00a0conducted \u00a0in \u00a0Cyprus, https:\/\/in-cyprus.com\/news\/local\/large-scale- multinational-military-exercise-conducted-in-cyprus-videopictures, October 31, 2018<\/p>\n
31 Ata Atun, Rumlar\u0131n Enerji \u0130ttifak\u0131, 8 Aral\u0131k 2017<\/p>\n
32 Ceyhun \u00c7i\u00e7ek\u00e7i, \u0130srail-Yunanistan-G\u00fcney K\u0131br\u0131s Aks\u0131 m\u0131? \u00c7anakkale 18 Mart \u00dcniversitesi, ORSAM Analizi, http:\/\/www.academia.edu\/23761834\/<\/a> 29 May\u0131s 2016<\/p>\n33 Murat Demirci, G\u00fcney K\u0131br\u0131s Rum Y\u00f6netimi-Yunanistan-\u0130srail \u00dc\u00e7l\u00fc Zirvesi yap\u0131ld\u0131, AA (Anadolu Ajans\u0131), Lefko\u015fa, 8 May\u0131s 2018<\/p>\n
34 Israel, Cyprus, Greece and Italy agree on $7b. East Med gas pipeline to Europe, Times of Israel, 24 November 2018<\/p>\n
\u015eekil-2 Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n Meis Adas\u0131n\u0131n MEB \u00fczerinden T\u00fcrkiye’yi \u0130skenderun K\u00f6rfezine S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma Plan\u0131<\/p><\/div>\n
Akdeniz\u2019i payla\u015fma konusunda MEB anla\u015fmalar\u0131 ile yetinmeyen GKRY, Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de kendi MEB alan\u0131 i\u00e7inde oldu\u011funu \u00f6ne s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve Afrodit ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi alan\u0131 13 parsele ay\u0131rm\u0131\u015f[13] ve parsellerin tamam\u0131na hidrokarbon yata\u011f\u0131 arama ruhsat\u0131 vermek amac\u0131yla uluslararas\u0131 \u015firketlerin kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla ihale a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[14]<\/p>\n
GKRY\u2019nin ihale a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 13 parselden be\u015fi (1, 4, 5, 6 ve 7 no.lu parseller) T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin, yedisi ise (1, 2, 3, 8, 9, 12 ve 13 no.lu parseller) KKTC\u2019nin deniz yetki alanlar\u0131 ile \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r.[15] (\u015eekil-3)<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u015eekil-3 GKRY’nin Ruhsat Alanlar\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrk K\u0131ta Sahanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve KKTC Yetki Alanlar\u0131yla \u00c7ak\u0131\u015fmas\u0131<\/p><\/div>\n
GKRY\u2019nin T\u00fcrkiye ve KKTC\u2019yi yok sayarak MEB anla\u015fmalar\u0131 imzalamas\u0131 ve T\u00fcrkiye ve KKTC\u2019nin deniz yetki alanlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde arama ruhsatlar\u0131 vermesi 1982 tarihli BM Deniz Hukuku S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u2019nin MEB s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesine y\u00f6nelik 74. maddesi\u2019ne, k\u0131ta sahanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 belirleyen 83. maddesi\u2019ne, Yar\u0131 Kapal\u0131 Denizlere ili\u015fkin 122. ve 123. maddelerine, s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin uygulanmas\u0131nda hakk\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullan\u0131lmamas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyen 300. ve 311. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r.[16]<\/p>\n
GKRY\u2019nin ihale a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 parsellerin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ve KKTC\u2019nin deniz yetki alanlar\u0131yla \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 \u00fczerine T\u00fcrk D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir a\u00e7\u0131klama yaparak \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin bu alanlarda yabanc\u0131 \u015firketlerin izinsiz petrol\/do\u011falgaz arama\/sondaj faaliyetlerinde bulunmalar\u0131na, bundan \u00f6nce oldu\u011fu gibi bundan sonra da hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde m\u00fcsaade etmeyece\u011fini ve k\u0131ta sahanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki hak ve menfaatlerini korumak i\u00e7in gerekli her t\u00fcrl\u00fc tedbiri alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u201d bildirmi\u015f ve ihale alan \u00fclke ve \u015firketleri Ada\u2019daki di\u011fer kurucu halk olan K\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrklerinin iradesini dikkate almalar\u0131 ve K\u0131br\u0131s meselesinin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm s\u00fcrecine olumsuz etkide bulunacak ad\u0131mlar atmamalar\u0131 konusunda uyarm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[17]<\/p>\n
12. Parsele ait ihaleyi kazanan Texas Houston merkezli bir Amerikan \u015firketi olan Noble Enerji ile \u0130srail\u2019in Delek firmalar\u0131 ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin sava\u015f nedeni saymas\u0131na ra\u011fmen b\u00f6lgede do\u011fal gaz-petrol arama ve sondaj i\u015flemlerine ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f ve \u0130srail ile GKRY aras\u0131nda, Noble-Delek enerji platformunun \u0130srail taraf\u0131ndan korunmas\u0131 konusunda anla\u015fmalar yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[18] \u0130ki \u00fclke aras\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen temaslar kapsam\u0131nda \u0130srail GKRY\u2019den deniz ve hava \u00fcsleri talebinde de bulunmu\u015ftur. [19]<\/p>\n
Noble-Delek Firmas\u0131 Konsorsiyumunun ilk bulgular\u0131na g\u00f6re K\u0131br\u0131s adas\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcneyindeki do\u011fal gaz potansiyeli 147 milyar metrek\u00fcp civar\u0131ndad\u0131r ve bu rakam, K\u0131br\u0131s’\u0131n y\u00fcz y\u0131ll\u0131k enerji ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamaya yeterlidir. G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Akdeniz’de bulunan Levantini havzas\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak 1.68 milyar varil petrol ve 3,45 trilyon metrek\u00fcp do\u011fal gaz i\u00e7erdi\u011fi dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Do\u011fu Akdeniz’deki petrol ve do\u011fal gaz yataklar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00f6lgeyi ve b\u00f6lgeye en h\u00e2kim konumda bulunan K\u0131br\u0131s adas\u0131n\u0131 stratejik bir enerji \u00fcss\u00fcne d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc daha iyi anla\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Bu kapsamda, K\u0131br\u0131s a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131ndaki do\u011fal gaz potansiyeli ile Noble-Delek firmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Amerikan ExonMobile, Hollandal\u0131 Shell, Frans\u0131z Total Enerji, \u0130talyan Eni, Koreli Kogas ve Rus Novatec, gibi firmalar da yak\u0131ndan ilgilenmektedir.[20] (\u015eekil-4)<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u015eekil-4 GKRY’nin Arama Ruhsat\u0131 Verdi\u011fi Sahalar ve \u015eirketler<\/p><\/div>\n
GKRY\u2019nin Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de 19 Eyl\u00fcl 2011\u2019de tarihinde petrol ve do\u011fal gaz arama \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flatmas\u0131na tepki olarak T\u00fcrkiye 21 Eyl\u00fcl 2011\u2019de KKTC ile \u201cK\u0131ta Sahanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 S\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rma Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u201d imzalam\u0131\u015f[21] ve KKTC Bakanlar Kurulu karar\u0131 ile adan\u0131n \u00e7evresinde yedi m\u00fcnhas\u0131r alan belirlenerek bu alanlardan KKTC\u2019nin 12 mil a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bulunan yedinci b\u00f6lgede TPAO (T\u00fcrkiye Petrolleri Anonim Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131)\u2019ya petrol arama izni verilmi\u015ftir.[22] TPAO, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda G\u00fcney Kore yap\u0131m\u0131 “Deep Sea Metro” 2 adl\u0131 derin deniz sondaj gemisini sat\u0131n alarak “Fatih” ad\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015ftir.[23] \u0130lk sondaj \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na 29 Ekim 2018\u2019de Alanya-1 kuyusunda ba\u015flayan Fatih \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki s\u00fcre\u00e7te KKTC taraf\u0131ndan TPAO\u2019na arama izni verilen b\u00f6lgelerde de sondaj \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na devam edecektir.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye,\u00a0BMDHS\u2019yi imzalamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve KKTC ile imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 K\u0131ta Sahanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 S\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rma Anla\u015fmas\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda di\u011fer \u00fclkelerle MEB s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 belirlememi\u015ftir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin MEB s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 belirlememi\u015f olmas\u0131ndan istifade eden b\u00f6lge \u00fclkeleri; kendi aralar\u0131nda, MEB belirleme anla\u015fmalar\u0131 imzalayarak b\u00f6lgedeki hidrokarbon kaynaklar\u0131ndan kendi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda ve T\u00fcrkiye ve KKTC\u2019nin haklar\u0131n\u0131 dikkate almadan yararlanmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
BMDHS, MEB tespitinin k\u0131y\u0131da\u015f \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda ortakla\u015fa yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6rmekle birlikte MEB s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n tek tarafl\u0131 ilan edilemeyece\u011fine ili\u015fkin bir h\u00fck\u00fcm de i\u00e7ermemektedir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de kendi MEB s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 deklare etme hakk\u0131 mevcuttur ve bu hakk\u0131n ilan edilmesi b\u00f6lge kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 kendi aralar\u0131nda payla\u015fmaya ba\u015flayan \u00fclkelerin uyar\u0131lmas\u0131 ve cayd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Di\u011fer yandan T\u00fcrkiye Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de KKTC ile birlikte MEB s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 belirleme imk\u00e2n\u0131na da sahip bulunmaktad\u0131r. Ancak \u015fimdiye kadar bu yola ba\u015fvurmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. ( \u015eekil-5)<\/p>\n
\u015eekil-5 T\u00fcrkiye’nin \u0130lan Etmesi Muhtemel MEB (M\u00fcnhas\u0131r Ekonomik B\u00f6lge) S\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131<\/p><\/div>\n
K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n etraf\u0131ndaki petrol ve do\u011fal gaz alanlar\u0131 konusunda T\u00fcrkiye ile GKRY aras\u0131ndaki ihtilaf devam ederken\u00a0GKRY\u2019nin ruhsat verdi\u011fi bir di\u011fer \u015firket olan \u0130talyan EN\u0130 firmas\u0131na ait Saipem 12000 adl\u0131 sondaj gemisi 8 \u015eubat 2018 tarihinde GKRY\u2019nin ruhsat verdi\u011fi ihtilafl\u0131 alana girmeye te\u015febb\u00fcs etmi\u015f ancak T\u00fcrk Deniz Kuvvetleri’ne ait sava\u015f gemileri taraf\u0131ndan K\u0131br\u0131s g\u00fcneyinde durdurulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
S\u00f6z konusu olay konusunda \u0130talya Savunma Bakan\u0131 Roberta Pinotti, “T\u00fcrkiye ile b\u00fct\u00fcn diplomatik kanallar\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k tutuldu\u011funu ve h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde diplomatik bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bulunmas\u0131n\u0131n beklendi\u011fini” belirtmi\u015ftir. GKRY ise olay\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye-AB ihtilaf\u0131 haline getirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve AB Konseyi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Donald Tusk “T\u00fcrkiye’ye herhangi bir AB \u00fcyesine kar\u015f\u0131 bir harekette bulunmama ve tehdit y\u00f6neltmeme, onun yerine iyi kom\u015fuluk ili\u015fkileri kurma, bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm arama ve toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne sayg\u0131 duyma \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda\u201d <\/em>bulunmu\u015ftur.[24]<\/p>\n T\u00fcrk sava\u015f gemilerinin Saipem 12000 adl\u0131 gemiye m\u00fcdahalesini m\u00fcteakip T\u00fcrk Deniz Kuvvetleri,\u00a013 \u015eubat- 22 \u015eubat 2018 tarihleri aras\u0131nda Zafer Burnu’ndan 4 deniz mili uzakl\u0131ktan ba\u015flay\u0131p T\u00fcrkiye-Suriye s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na kadar ula\u015fan b\u00f6lge i\u00e7in NAVTEX*\u00a0yay\u0131mlam\u0131\u015f, daha sonra NAVTEX ilan edilen alan i\u00e7in s\u00fcreyi iki kez uzatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n GKRY ise ABD\u2019nin ExonMobile firmas\u0131na ve Katar Petrol firmas\u0131na ait sondaj gemilerinin 10 numaral\u0131 parselde g\u00f6reve ba\u015flama tarihinden bir g\u00fcn \u00f6nce s\u00f6z konusu sondaj alan\u0131 ve \u00e7evresi i\u00e7in NAVTEX yay\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu NAVTEX\u2019in GKRY\u2019nin birlikte ortak askeri tatbikatlar yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ABD\u2019yi de soruna d\u00e2hil ederek T\u00fcrk Deniz Kuvvetleri’ni 10. Parselde sondaj yapacak gemilere m\u00fcdahaleden cayd\u0131rmak amac\u0131na y\u00f6nelik oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Takip eden s\u00fcre\u00e7te ExonMobile, KKTC\u2019nin 35. kurulu\u015f y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc olan 15 Kas\u0131m 2018\u2019de 10 numaral\u0131 parselde \u0130ngiliz bayrakl\u0131 Stena Icemax adl\u0131 sondaj gemisi ile sondaj faaliyetlerine ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. ABD D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Rumlar\u0131n sondaj \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 desteklediklerini; ancak enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n K\u0131br\u0131s sorununda kapsaml\u0131 bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde T\u00fcrk ve Rumlar aras\u0131nda e\u015fit olarak payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirterek T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den gelecek tepkileri yumu\u015fatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[25] Sondaj faaliyetlerine ba\u015flama tarihi olarak kas\u0131tl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde\u00a0KKTC\u2019nin kurulu\u015f tarihinin se\u00e7ilmesinin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye ve KKTC\u2019ye K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n kuzeyinde kurulan T\u00fcrk devletinin tan\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve tan\u0131nmayaca\u011f\u0131 mesaj\u0131n\u0131 aktarma amac\u0131na y\u00f6nelik oldu\u011fu de\u011ferlendirilmektedir.<\/p>\n Di\u011fer yandan GKRY\u2019nin, 2018 Ekim ay\u0131nda Frans\u0131z, \u0130talyan ve Amerikan enerji \u015firketleri Total, EN\u0130 ve ExxonMobil\u2019e T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin k\u0131ta sahanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7inde bulunan 7\u2019inci parselde petrol ve do\u011fal gaz rezervlerini ara\u015ft\u0131rmak \u00fczere \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131da bulunmas\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcteakip, Frans\u0131z Total ve \u0130talyan Eni \u015firketleri; 26 Kas\u0131m 2018\u2018de 7. parselde hidrokarbon sondaj\u0131 yapmak \u00fczere GKRY\u2019ye lisans ba\u015fvurusunda bulunmu\u015ftur.[26]<\/p>\n Ya\u015fanan olaylar GKRY\u2019nin T\u00fcrkiye ve KKTC ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan t\u00fcm ihtilaflarda AB\u2019yi, ABD\u2019yi ve arama ruhsat\u0131 verdi\u011fi \u015firketlerin mensup oldu\u011fu di\u011fer \u00fclkeleri ihtilaf\u0131n taraf\u0131 ve Rum \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131n koruyucusu olarak kullanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 AB, ABD, \u0130srail, \u0130talya, \u0130ngiltere, Fransa, Kore, Rusya ve ilgili di\u011fer devletlerin deste\u011fiyle kendi lehine \u00e7\u00f6zmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Bu kapsamda T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerinin GKRY ve Yunanistan\u2019la mevcut ihtilaflarda AB\u2019yi, ABD\u2019yi ve ilgili di\u011fer \u00fclkeleri ihtilafa taraf olmamalar\u0131 konusunda uyarmalar\u0131 \u00f6nem kazanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n GKRY, MEB \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda MAC(M\u0131s\u0131r Arap Cumhuriyeti) ile Akdeniz\u2019deki deniz yetki alanlar\u0131n\u0131 da T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi kendi kara sahas\u0131na hapsedecek bi\u00e7imde belirleme \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmektedir. Yunan ba\u015fbakan\u0131, MAC, Yunanistan ve GKRY\u2019nin sorunlu bir b\u00f6lgede istikrar unsuru oldu\u011funu iddia ederek, MAC ile MEB s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi i\u00e7in MAC ba\u015fkan\u0131 ile mutab\u0131k kald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[27]<\/p>\n Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de Yunanistan ile GKRY taraf\u0131ndan belirlenen ve AB taraf\u0131ndan da desteklenen MEB kabul edildi\u011fi takdirde, T\u00fcrkiye deniz yetki alanlar\u0131ndan yakla\u015f\u0131k 100.000 kilometrekarelik bir alan\u0131 kaybedecektir.[28] (\u015eekil-6)<\/p>\n Bu nedenle, Yunanistan, GKRY, MAC gibi \u00fclkelerin kendi aralar\u0131nda vard\u0131klar\u0131 anla\u015fmalarla MEB\u2019lerini belirleyerek T\u00fcrkiye ve KKTC\u2019nin deniz yetki alanlar\u0131na yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 tecav\u00fczleri ge\u00e7ersiz k\u0131lmak \u00fczere T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin bir an \u00f6nce kendi MEB\u2019ni tercihen KKTC ile ortakla\u015fa ya da tek ba\u015f\u0131na belirleyerek deklare etmesi \u00f6nem kazanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u015eerkil-6 T\u00fcrkiye’nin Deniz Yetki Alan\u0131 Kayb\u0131<\/p><\/div>\n K\u0131br\u0131s kapsam\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye ile Yunanistan ve GKRY aras\u0131nda uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r s\u00fcren ihtilaflarda Rum\/Yunan ikilisi uluslararas\u0131 hukuka, Kuzey K\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrk Cumhuriyeti’ni kuran antla\u015fmalara ve K\u0131br\u0131s Anayasas\u0131\u2019na ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak GKRY\u2019yi AB \u00fcyeli\u011fine kabul ettirmek suretiyle ihtilaf\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye-AB ihtilaf\u0131 haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrme konusunda kendileri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir yol kat etmi\u015flerdir. AB\u2019nin hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 \u015fekilde GKRY\u2019yi, adan\u0131n tek yetkili \u201cdevleti\u201d varsayarak AB\u2019ye \u00fcye yapmas\u0131 ya\u015fanmakta olan haks\u0131z ve hukuksuz t\u00fcm geli\u015fmelerin tetikleyicisi olmu\u015ftur. AB, GKRY ve Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n hakkaniyete uygun olmayan MEB iddialar\u0131n\u0131n da arkas\u0131nda durmaktad\u0131r.[29] AB\u2019nin deste\u011fi ile yetinmeyen Rum\/Yunan ikilisinin son d\u00f6nemde T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019ne ve KKTC\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 yeni m\u00fcttefikler bulma \u00e7abas\u0131 i\u00e7ine girdi\u011fi g\u00f6zlemlenmektedir. Bu kapsamda, GKRY ve Yunanistan, di\u011fer \u00fclkelerle de i\u015fbirli\u011finde bulunmakta, antla\u015fmalar imzalamakta ve Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de ortak d\u00fc\u015fman olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019ne kar\u015f\u0131 ABD, \u0130srail, \u0130talya, \u0130ngiltere, Fransa ve MAC ile ortak askeri tatbikatlar yapmaktad\u0131r.[30]<\/p>\n Yunanistan\/GKRY ile MAC aras\u0131nda, 2018 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar be\u015f kez ortak zirve yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 21 Kas\u0131m 2017 tarihinde \u00fc\u00e7 \u00fclke Lefko\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n Rum kesiminde toplanarak ortak bir beyanname yay\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 12 maddelik beyannamede T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019ne K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n egemenli\u011fine sayg\u0131 duymas\u0131 ve m\u00fczakerelerde olumlu davranmas\u0131 konusunda \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131da bulunulmu\u015f ve \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ittifak\u0131n \u0130talya\u2019n\u0131n da kat\u0131lmas\u0131 ile geni\u015flemesi karar\u0131 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Beyannamede ayr\u0131ca GKRY, Yunanistan ve \u0130talya \u00fczerinden ge\u00e7ecek boru hatt\u0131 ile Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019den \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lacak do\u011fal gaz\u0131n AB\u2019ye sevk edilmesi anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[31]<\/p>\n K\u0131br\u0131s etraf\u0131nda ve \u0130srail kuzeyinde zengin do\u011fal gaz yataklar\u0131 bulunmas\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcteakip Yunanistan\/GKRY ile \u0130srail aras\u0131nda geli\u015fen ili\u015fkiler kapsam\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7 \u00fclke aras\u0131nda ortak toplant\u0131lar d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f ve askeri i\u015fbirli\u011fi anla\u015fmalar\u0131 da d\u00e2hil bir\u00e7ok anla\u015fma imzalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 18 \u015eubat 2016\u2019da \u0130srail\u2019in Begin-Sedat Stratejik Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Merkezi’nde d\u00fczenlenen toplant\u0131da Yunanistan Savunma Bakan\u0131 Kammenos, T\u00fcrkiye’nin Neo- Osmanl\u0131c\u0131 hayaller pe\u015finde ko\u015ftu\u011funu, b\u00f6lgenin istikrars\u0131zla\u015fmas\u0131nda ba\u015fat rol oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u0130srail kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 bir duru\u015fa sahip oldu\u011funu ve cihat\u00e7\u0131lara destek verdi\u011fini \u00f6ne s\u00fcrerek \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ittifak\u0131 g\u00fcvenceye almaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n 1 Mart 2016\u2019da ise yine Begin-Sedat Stratejik Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Merkezi’nde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen bir di\u011fer konferansta Yunanl\u0131 akademisyenler konuk edilmi\u015f ve Yunanistan’\u0131n b\u00f6lgedeki stratejik rol\u00fc ve Do\u011fu Akdeniz’in istikrar\u0131 \u00fczerine g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f teatisinde bulunulmu\u015ftur.[32]<\/p>\n Takip eden s\u00fcre\u00e7te, 5 May\u0131s 2018 tarihinde, GKRY Lideri Anastasiadis ile Yunanistan Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 \u00c7ipras ve \u0130srail Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Netanyahu, Lefko\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n Rum kesiminde bir araya gelmi\u015f ve yap\u0131lan toplant\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan ortak bas\u0131n toplant\u0131s\u0131 d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Bas\u0131n toplant\u0131s\u0131nda, Rum Lider Anastasiadis, Yunan Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 \u00c7ipras ile \u0130srail Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Netanyahu\u2019yu K\u0131br\u0131s sorunu konusundaki son geli\u015fmeler hakk\u0131nda bilgilendirdi\u011fini, \u00fc\u00e7 \u00fclke aras\u0131ndaki i\u015f birli\u011finin artarak devam edece\u011fini ve Do\u011fu Akdeniz Do\u011fal Gaz Boru Hatt\u0131 Projesine (East Med) ili\u015fkin anla\u015fman\u0131n 2018 y\u0131l\u0131 i\u00e7inde imzalanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirmi\u015ftir. [33]<\/p>\n Bu kapsamda GKRY, Yunanistan ve \u0130srail, Leviathan ve Afrodit b\u00f6lgelerinde tespit edilen do\u011fal gaz\u0131n K\u0131br\u0131s \u00fczerinden Girit-Mora Yar\u0131madas\u0131 g\u00fczerg\u00e2h\u0131 ile \u0130talya\u2019n\u0131n Otranto liman\u0131na ba\u011flanmas\u0131 konusunda anla\u015fmaya varm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. East-Med adl\u0131 proje kapsam\u0131nda K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n g\u00fcneyinden Yunanistan ve \u0130talya\u2019ya ba\u011flanacak 2200 km. uzunlu\u011fundaki hat, denizin 3300 m. alt\u0131ndan ge\u00e7ecektir. 7 milyar dolar maliyeti olaca\u011f\u0131 tahmin edilen projenin fizibilite et\u00fcd\u00fc i\u00e7in AB, 100 milyon dolar yat\u0131r\u0131m yapmay\u0131 kabul etmi\u015ftir. Projenin bir ay i\u00e7inde ba\u015flamas\u0131 ve be\u015f y\u0131l i\u00e7inde tamamlanmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.[34]<\/p>\n K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye 80 km. mesafede olmas\u0131 ve karadan d\u00f6\u015fenecek boru hatt\u0131 maliyetinin deniz alt\u0131na d\u00f6\u015fenecek boru hatt\u0131 maliyetinden \u00e7ok daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmas\u0131 nedeniyle Leviathan ve Afrodit b\u00f6lgelerinden \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lacak petrol ve do\u011fal gaz\u0131n nakli i\u00e7in en uygun hat T\u00fcrkiye\u2019dir. Ancak \u0130srail, Suriye\u2019de ABD ile birlikte PYD\/YPG \u00fczerinden y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc K\u00fcrt devleti kurma giri\u015fimini engelleyen, Gazze sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ele\u015ftiren ve ba\u015f\u015fehrinin Tel Aviv\u2019den Kud\u00fcs\u2019e ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi d\u00fc\u015fman olarak alg\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan GKRY ise KKTC ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi d\u0131\u015flayarak \u00fczerinde KKTC halk\u0131n\u0131n da hakk\u0131 bulunan alanlarda ve T\u00fcrk K\u0131ta Sahanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda petrol ve do\u011fal gaz ruhsat\u0131 verdi\u011finden bu iki \u00fclke Levant alan\u0131ndaki\u00a0petrol ve do\u011fal gaz\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131nda en elveri\u015fli rota olan T\u00fcrkiye yerine denizin alt\u0131nda 2200 Km. boru d\u00f6\u015fenmesini gerektiren Yunanistan- \u0130talya rotas\u0131n\u0131 tercih etmektedir. S\u00f6z konusu tercihte, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Rusya Federasyonu ile yak\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131ndan ve \u201cT\u00fcrk Ak\u0131m\u0131\u201d ve \u201cKuzey Ak\u0131m\u0131\u201d projelerinden rahats\u0131z olan ABD\u2019nin de telkinleri oldu\u011fu muhakkakt\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu rahats\u0131zl\u0131k ABD d\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri bakan\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ABD D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Enerji Kaynaklar\u0131 Birimi M\u00fcste\u015far Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 John McCarrick\u2019in de a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ifadelerine yans\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: \u201cABD, Rusya\u2019dan ba\u015flay\u0131p Karadeniz \u00fczerinden T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye aktar\u0131lmas\u0131 planlanan \u201cT\u00fcrk Ak\u0131m\u0131\u201d ve Balt\u0131k Denizi alt\u0131ndan Rusya\u2019dan Almanya\u2019ya do\u011fal gaz g\u00f6nderilmesini planlayan \u201cKuzey Ak\u0131m\u0131 2\u201d do\u011fal gaz boru hatt\u0131 projelerine kar\u015f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em> [35]<\/p>\n Yunan as\u0131ll\u0131 uzman George Tzogopoulos, T\u00fcrk Ak\u0131m\u0131’na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan ABD\u2019nin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Yunanistan, GKRY ve \u0130srail\u2019in de T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 birlikte hareket ettiklerini a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u201cBa\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z K\u00fcrdistan\u201d \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131yla g\u00fcndeme gelen \u0130srail merkezli Begin-Sedat Stratejik Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Merkezi taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131mlanan Tzogopoulos\u2019un makalesinde; Yunanistan, GKRY ve \u0130srail aras\u0131ndaki \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ittifak\u0131n hedefinde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ifade edilmi\u015f ve ABD\u2019deki Yunan ve Yahudi lobilerinin bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede bir kampanya y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc belirtilmi\u015ftir.[36]<\/p>\n \u0130srail\u2019in ikinci b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fcniversitesi olan Bar-Ilan \u00dcniversitesi\u2019ne ba\u011fl\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rma merkezinin internet sitesinde yer alan bir makalede ise \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ittifak\u0131n askeri planda ve enerji alan\u0131nda i\u015fbirli\u011finin geli\u015fti\u011fi hat\u0131rlat\u0131larak \u201cyeni tehditlere kar\u015f\u0131\u201d, taraflar\u0131n ortak eyleme haz\u0131r oldu\u011fu ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin her \u00fc\u00e7 \u00fclke i\u00e7in de askeri anlamda ve enerji g\u00fcvenli\u011finde bir numaral\u0131 tehdit oldu\u011fu belirtilmi\u015ftir. Makalede\u00a0 ayr\u0131ca \u201cdemokratik blok\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ittifak\u0131n ABD\u2019den destek arad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ittifak\u0131n yap\u0131 ve ama\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 buna g\u00f6re \u015fekillendirdi\u011fi belirtilmekte, bu ba\u011flamda, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz d\u00f6nemde Amerika\u2019daki Ermeni lobisiyle i\u015fbirli\u011fiyle tan\u0131nan Helen Amerikan Liderlik Konseyi\u2019nin (HALC) y\u00f6neticisi Endy Zemenides\u2019in, \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ittifaka ABD deste\u011fini sa\u011flamak \u00fczere Amerikan Yahudi Komitesi\u2019yle birlikte Washington\u2019da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bildirilmektedir.[37] ABD d\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yetkililerinin “T\u00fcrk Ak\u0131m\u0131 Projesi”nden rahats\u0131zl\u0131k duyuldu\u011funa ili\u015fkin a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131, HALC\u2019\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n GKRY ve Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n ABD, \u0130srail, MAC ve \u0130talya ile T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapmalar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi bekleyen bir di\u011fer tehdit de GKRY\u2019nin AB \u00fcyeli\u011finden yararlanarak K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131 temsilen K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n etraf\u0131ndaki deniz alanlar\u0131 ve MEB ile hava sahas\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131n kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc ele almas\u0131 sonucu T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Anadolu kara sahas\u0131na hapsedilmesi riskidir.<\/p>\n Kendi y\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 K\u0131br\u0131s devletinin temsil hakk\u0131n\u0131 elinde bulundurmas\u0131na AB taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6z yumulan GKRY; MAC, L\u00fcbnan ve \u0130srail ile K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n etraf\u0131ndaki MEB alanlar\u0131n\u0131 belirlemi\u015f ve s\u00f6z konusu alanlar\u0131 tek ba\u015f\u0131na kullanmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019deki MEB s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 hen\u00fcz belirlememi\u015f olan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin GKRY\u2019nin MEB alan\u0131 olarak belirledi\u011fi b\u00f6lge i\u00e7indeki hukuksuz uygulamalar\u0131na ve petrol ve do\u011fal gaz \u00e7\u0131kartma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na gereken tepkiyi g\u00f6stermemesi halinde Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de GKRY taraf\u0131ndan belirlenen MEB alan\u0131 i\u015flerlik kazanacak ve hem T\u00fcrkiye hem de KKTC Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019deki MEB alanlar\u0131ndan GKRY lehine feragatte bulunmu\u015f ve ilan edilen MEB s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131na r\u0131za g\u00f6stermi\u015f duruma d\u00fc\u015fecektir. Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n benzer uygulamaya Ege Denizi’nde de i\u015flerlik kazand\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve karasular\u0131n\u0131 12 mile \u00e7\u0131karma haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda oldu\u011fu dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda GKRY ile Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n MEB s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 birle\u015ftirmesi durumunda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin hem Ege Denizi’nde hem de Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019deki MEB sahalar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda GKRY ve Yunanistan\u2019a devredilme tehlikesi ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalaca\u011f\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011fi daha iyi anla\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r. (\u015eekil-7)<\/p>\n Bu kapsamda Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n Ege\u2019de i\u015fgal etti\u011fi 18 ada ve bir kayal\u0131k ile Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019deki Meis adas\u0131 i\u00e7in de karasular\u0131, biti\u015fik b\u00f6lge ve MEB ilan etmesi durumunda T\u00fcrkiye, Ege\u2019deki ve Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019deki deniz yetki alanlar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc Yunanistan ve GKRY\u2019ye devretmi\u015f olacak ve Anadolu topraklar\u0131na hapsolacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n S\u00f6z konusu deniz yetki alanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde yer alan hava sahalar\u0131n\u0131n kontrol\u00fcn\u00fcn de GKRY ve Yunanistan\u2019a ge\u00e7mesi ve Atina FIR\u2019\u0131 ile Lefko\u015fa FIR\u2019\u0131n\u0131n birle\u015ftirilmesi durumunda T\u00fcrk gemilerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra T\u00fcrk u\u00e7aklar\u0131 da Ege ve Akdeniz\u2019e \u00e7\u0131kamayacak hale gelecektir.(\u015eekil-8) Bu nedenle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Ege ve Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019deki yetki alanlar\u0131 sorununu birlikte ele alarak de\u011ferlendirmesi ve GKRY ve Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n oldu bittilerine seyirci kalmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 Rum\/Yunan ikilisine ve AB\u2019ye a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde bildirmesi gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n \u015eekil-7 GKRY ve Yunanistan’\u0131n MEB Planlar\u0131<\/p><\/div>\n Ancak T\u00fcrkiye ve KKTC\u2019nin hen\u00fcz aralar\u0131nda MEB belirleme anla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalamam\u0131\u015f olmalar\u0131 ve Ege\u2019deki Yunan i\u015fgallerine gereken tepkinin g\u00f6sterilmemesi T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin elini zay\u0131flatmakta ve GKRY ve Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n Ege ve Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019deki hukuksuz uygulamalar\u0131na f\u0131rsat sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n GKRY ve Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n k\u0131y\u0131da\u015f \u00fclkelerle imzalad\u0131klar\u0131 MEB anla\u015fmalar\u0131yla b\u00f6lgedeki deniz yetki alanlar\u0131n\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye ve KKTC <\/em>aleyhine geni\u015fletmeleri ve b\u00f6lgedeki hidrokarbon kaynaklar\u0131ndan T\u00fcrkiye ve KKTC\u2019yi d\u0131\u015flayarak tek ba\u015flar\u0131na yararlanma planlar\u0131na engel olunabilmesi i\u00e7in T\u00fcrkiye ve KKTC\u2019nin bir an \u00f6nce MEB belirleme anla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalamalar\u0131 gerekmektedir. Ayr\u0131ca T\u00fcrkiye\/KKTC ile Yunanistan\/GKRY aras\u0131ndaki deniz yetki alanlar\u0131 ve enerji sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 K\u0131br\u0131s sorunuyla birlikte ele almak \u00fczere T\u00fcrkiye ve KKTC taraf\u0131ndan ortak bir \u201cStratejik Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi<\/em>\u201d te\u015fkil edilmesi ve s\u00f6z konusu merkezin g\u00f6revleri aras\u0131na Ege sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n da d\u00e2hil edilmesi ak\u0131lc\u0131 bir yakla\u015f\u0131m olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n Di\u011fer yandan “Fatih<\/em>” sondaj gemisi ile Alanya b\u00f6lgesinde yap\u0131lan petrol ve do\u011fal gaz arama \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 T\u00fcrk karasular\u0131 i\u00e7inde icra edilmektedir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin 27 Kas\u0131m 2018\u2019de a\u00e7\u0131klanan MGK bildirisinde yer alan \u201cT\u00fcrkiye`nin ve KKTC\u2019nin Ege Denizi ve Do\u011fu Akdeniz`deki hak ve menfaatlerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 hi\u00e7bir geli\u015fmeye m\u00fcsaade edilmeyece\u011fi<\/em>\u201d[38] ifadesinin gere\u011finin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin bu konudaki kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ilgili devletlere g\u00f6sterilmesi i\u00e7in s\u00f6z konusu sondaj \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrk K\u0131ta Sahanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fan 1, 4, 5, 6 ve 7 no.lu parseller ile KKTC\u2019nin deniz yetki alanlar\u0131 ile \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fan 1, 2, 3, 8, 9, 12 ve 13 no.lu parseller \u00fczerinde yer alan ve KKTC taraf\u0131ndan TPAO\u2019na ruhsat verilen A, B, C, D, E, F ve G b\u00f6lgelerinde yap\u0131lmas\u0131 uygun olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n Ayr\u0131ca T\u00fcrkiye enerji alan\u0131nda di\u011fer \u00fclkelerle rekabet edebilmesi ve TPAO\u2019nun kendisine verilen g\u00f6revleri etkin \u015fekilde yerine getirebilmesi i\u00e7in halen \u00f6zelle\u015ftirme s\u00fcrecinde olan TPAO ile BOTA\u015e\u2019\u0131n yeniden birle\u015ftirilmesi ve her iki kurumun \u00f6nceki petrol yasas\u0131nda sahip oldu\u011fu hak ve yetkilere tekrar kavu\u015fturulmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.[39]<\/p>\n \u015eekil-8 GKRY\u2019nin ve Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n FIR Hatlar\u0131n\u0131 Birle\u015ftirme Plan\u0131<\/p><\/div>\n Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de ve K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n etraf\u0131nda 2008 y\u0131l\u0131nda ke\u015ffedilen petrol ve do\u011fal gaz kaynaklar\u0131 b\u00f6lgedeki devletlerin k\u0131y\u0131 \u015feritlerini son derece de\u011ferli binlerce mil karelik deniz alanlar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. S\u00f6z konusu alanlardan \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lacak olan petrol ve do\u011fal gaz \u00fczerinde b\u00f6lge \u00fclkeleri olan T\u00fcrkiye, KKTC, GKRY, L\u00fcbnan, M\u0131s\u0131r, Suriye, \u0130srail ve Filistin hak sahibidir.<\/p>\n Ancak GKRY kom\u015fular\u0131yla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 MEB anla\u015fmalar\u0131 ve K\u0131br\u0131s etraf\u0131ndaki alanlar i\u00e7in a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 tek tarafl\u0131 ihalelerle bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin k\u0131ta sahanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7inde bulunan, kalanlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde ise KKTC halk\u0131n\u0131n da hakk\u0131 bulunan hidrokarbon kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131na sahip \u00e7\u0131karak s\u00f6z konusu kaynaklar\u0131 tek ba\u015f\u0131na i\u015fletmeye yeltenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n GKRY\u2019nin T\u00fcrkiye ve KKTC\u2019yi yok sayarak MEB anla\u015fmalar\u0131 imzalamas\u0131 ve T\u00fcrkiye ve KKTC\u2019nin deniz yetki alanlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde arama ruhsatlar\u0131 vermesi 1982 tarihli BM Deniz Hukuku S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u2019nin MEB s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesine y\u00f6nelik 74. maddesine, k\u0131ta sahanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 belirleyen 83. maddesine, \u201cYar\u0131 Kapal\u0131 Denizlere\u201d ili\u015fkin 122. ve 123. maddelerine, s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin uygulanmas\u0131nda hakk\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullan\u0131lmamas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyen 300. ve 311. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n GKRY, s\u00f6z konusu hukuksuz uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmek \u00fczere b\u00f6lge \u00fclkeleriyle MEB anla\u015fmalar\u0131 imzalamas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra siyasi ve askeri ittifaklar da kurarak s\u00f6z konusu \u00fclkelerin g\u00fcc\u00fcnden T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 yararlanmaya ve bu \u00fclkelerin de deste\u011fi ile T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi ve KKTC\u2019yi ulusal ve uluslararas\u0131 hak ve menfaatlerinden mahrum b\u0131rakmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti ise GKRY\u2019yi ikaz ederek ihtilafl\u0131 alanlarda petrol ve do\u011fal gaz arama faaliyetlerine\u00a0 izin vermeyece\u011fini duyurmu\u015f, bu ama\u00e7la faaliyet g\u00f6steren \u00fclke firmalar\u0131n\u0131 hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 eylemlerden uzak durmalar\u0131 konusunda uyarm\u0131\u015f ve KKTC taraf\u0131ndan ruhsat verilen alanlarda TPAO vas\u0131tas\u0131yla petrol ve do\u011fal gaz arama faaliyetlerine ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak KKTC taraf\u0131ndan arama ruhsat\u0131 verilen TPAO\u2019nun BOTA\u015e\u2019tan ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 ve halen \u00f6zelle\u015ftirme s\u00fcrecinde olmas\u0131 faaliyetlerin e\u015fg\u00fcd\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc zorla\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin enerji alan\u0131nda di\u011fer \u00fclkelerle rekabet edebilmesi ve Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019deki hidrokarbon kaynaklar\u0131ndan yararlanabilmesi i\u00e7in TPAO ve BOTA\u015e yeniden birle\u015ftirilmeli ve her iki kurumun \u00f6nceki petrol yasas\u0131nda sahip oldu\u011fu hak ve yetkilere tekrar kavu\u015fturulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gereken yasal d\u00fczenlemeler yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u0130srail\u2019in kuzeyindeki sahada faaliyette bulunan Noble-Betek adl\u0131 ABD-\u0130srail ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ayn\u0131 zamanda GKRY taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131lan bir ihaleyi kazanarak K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n g\u00fcneyindeki rezervlerde de sondaj ve \u00fcretim faaliyetlerinde bulunmas\u0131 Zohr b\u00f6lgesinde zengin do\u011fal gaz yataklar\u0131 bulan MAC\u2019ni ABD\u2019ye ve \u0130srail\u2019e yakla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bir di\u011fer \u00e7ok uluslu \u015firket olan ExonMobile ise GKRY\u2019nin ihale a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 10 numaral\u0131 parselde sondaj faaliyetlerine ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu faaliyetlerin arkas\u0131ndaki g\u00fc\u00e7 olan Yunanistan ve GKRY\u00a0b\u00f6lgedeki hukuk d\u0131\u015f\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi bask\u0131 alt\u0131na alabilmek i\u00e7in T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019ne kar\u015f\u0131 ABD, \u0130srail, \u0130talya, \u0130ngiltere, Fransa ve MAC ile ortak askeri tatbikatlar yapmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti kendisine y\u00f6nelik d\u00fc\u015fmanca tav\u0131r ve uygulamalara kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u015fta Deniz Kuvvetleri olmak \u00fczere TSK\u2019y\u0131 muhtemel bir harpte ulusal ve uluslararas\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 koruyacak seviyede geli\u015ftirmek ve bu kapsamda kendi savunma sanayii \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini tek ba\u015f\u0131na \u00fcretecek teknolojik seviyeye ula\u015fmak zorundad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Ayr\u0131ca T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin MAC ile bozulan ili\u015fkilerini d\u00fczelterek bu \u00fclkeyi ABD-\u0130srail-Yunanistan-GKRY ekseninden kopartmas\u0131 ve GKRY\u2019nin 2001\u2019den beri MEB s\u0131n\u0131rlama amac\u0131yla g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Suriye ile de ili\u015fkilerini d\u00fczelterek \u0130srail-Yunanistan-GKRY ekseninden uzak tutmas\u0131 \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ve KKTC\u2019nin m\u00fcstakbel bir harpte Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131 olan birden fazla \u00fclke ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalabilecekleri dikkate al\u0131narak s\u00f6z konusu tehditlere kar\u015f\u0131 gereken m\u00fcdahalenin daha k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede ve daha etkin olarak yap\u0131labilmesine imk\u00e2n sa\u011flamak \u00fczere adadaki TSK varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 muhafaza ederken bir an \u00f6nce KKTC\u2019de deniz ve hava \u00fcsleri de ihdas etmesi ve bu \u00fcslere deniz ve hava unsurlar\u0131 konu\u015fland\u0131rmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n Bu kapsamda garanti anla\u015fmas\u0131ndan do\u011fan yasal hakka dayanarak 1974 Rum\/Yunan darbesinde adaya m\u00fcdahale eden ve Rum\/Yunan ikilisinin 1963-1974 aras\u0131ndaki sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n benzerlerine kar\u015f\u0131 KKTC halk\u0131n\u0131n yeg\u00e2ne koruyucusu olan T\u00fcrk askeri varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n adadan ayr\u0131lmas\u0131na neden olacak hi\u00e7bir anla\u015fma metninin T\u00fcrkiye taraf\u0131ndan kabul edilmeyece\u011fi Yunanistan\u2019a, GKRY\u2019ye, AB\u2019ye, BM\u2019ye ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeleri y\u00fcr\u00fcten KKTC yetkililerine bildirilmelidir.<\/p>\n Yunanistan ve GKRY\u2019nin K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n etraf\u0131ndaki Deniz alanlar\u0131 ve MEB ile hava sahas\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131n kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc ele alarak T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi Anadolu kara sahas\u0131na hapsetmesini \u00f6nlemek \u00fczere GKRY ve Yunanistan MEB\u2019lerinin ve Lefko\u015fa FIR\u2019\u0131 ile Atina FIR\u2019\u0131n\u0131n birle\u015ftirilmesini T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin hi\u00e7bir surette kabul etmeyece\u011fi ve bu konudaki uygulamalar\u0131 sava\u015f sebebi sayaca\u011f\u0131, ayr\u0131ca TBMM\u2019nin Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n karasular\u0131n\u0131 12 mile \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye taraf\u0131ndan sava\u015f sebebi say\u0131laca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin 8 Haziran 1995 tarihli bildirisinin halen ge\u00e7erlili\u011fini korudu\u011fu GKRY\u2019ye, Yunanistan\u2019a, AB\u2019ye ve BM\u2019ye bildirilmelidir.<\/p>\n Di\u011fer yandan GKRY ve Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de MEB tespiti ve K\u0131br\u0131s etraf\u0131ndaki alanlardan petrol ve do\u011fal gaz \u00e7\u0131kartma amac\u0131yla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc dikkate al\u0131narak bir emrivaki ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalmamak i\u00e7in T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyetinin Akdeniz\u2019deki MEB belirlemesi KKTC ile birlikte en k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede yap\u0131lmal\u0131 ve BM ve ilgili \u00fclkeler nezdinde deklare edilmelidir.<\/p>\n Her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn daha fazla \u00f6nem kazanan Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019deki MEB ve enerji sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 K\u0131br\u0131s sorunuyla birlikte ele almak \u00fczere T\u00fcrkiye ve KKTC taraf\u0131ndan ortak bir \u201cStratejik Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi\u201d te\u015fkil edilmeli ve her iki \u00fclkenin bu alandaki faaliyetlerinin Ege sorunu ile birlikte e\u015fg\u00fcd\u00fcm i\u00e7inde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesine imk\u00e2n sa\u011flamak \u00fczere s\u00f6z konusu Merkezin g\u00f6revlerinin aras\u0131na Ege sorunlar\u0131 da d\u00e2hil edilmelidir.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin 27 Kas\u0131m 2018 tarihli MGK bildirisinde a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ege Denizi ve Do\u011fu Akdeniz`deki hak ve menfaatlerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 hi\u00e7bir geli\u015fmeye m\u00fcsaade edilmeyece\u011fi\u201d ifadesinin gere\u011fi olarak halen Alanya b\u00f6lgesinde sondaj \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yapan Fatih gemisinin \u00f6ncelikle GKRY taraf\u0131ndan hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 \u015fekilde\u00a0 ruhsat verilen 13 sahadan T\u00fcrk K\u0131ta Sahanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve KKTC\u2019nin deniz yetki alanlar\u0131 ile \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fan alanlarda da petrol ve do\u011fal gaz aramalar\u0131na ba\u015flamas\u0131 sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Yukar\u0131da belirtilen tedbirler al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde Girit \u00f6rne\u011findeki uygulamaya benzer bir \u015fekilde K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n tamamen kaybedilmesinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra T\u00fcrkiye Do\u011fu Akdeniz ve Ege\u2019deki deniz ve hava yetki alanlar\u0131n\u0131n ve su \u00fcst\u00fc ve su alt\u0131 kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kaybederek Anadolu kara sahas\u0131na hapsolacak ve bir sonraki a\u015famada s\u0131ra Anadolu\u2019ya gelecektir.<\/p>\n 1 Nejat Tarak\u00e7\u0131, Mesele M\u0131s\u0131r ve Suriye De\u011fil: Do\u011fu Akdeniz, TASAM (T\u00fcrk Asya Stratejik Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Merkezi), 2 Eyl\u00fcl 2009, s.1<\/p>\n 2 Erdal Tanas Karag\u00f6l, B\u00fc\u015fra Zeynep \u00d6zdemir, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Enerji Ticaret Merkezi Olmas\u0131nda Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019in Rol\u00fc, SETA Raporu, Yay\u0131n No:92, 2017, s. 10<\/p>\n 3 Assessment of Undiscovered Oil and Gas Resources of the Levant Basin Province, Eastern Mediterranean, USGS (United States Geological Survey), March 2010.<\/p>\n 4 Karag\u00f6l, \u00d6zdemir, agr, s. 13<\/p>\n 5 Karag\u00f6l, \u00d6zdemir, agr, s. 13<\/p>\n 6 Tarak\u00e7\u0131, agm, s.1<\/p>\n 7 Soyalp Tam\u00e7elik ve Emre Kurt, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin M\u00fcnhas\u0131r Ekonomik B\u00f6lge Alg\u0131s\u0131 ve Yak\u0131n Tehdit Alan\u0131: K\u0131br\u0131s, Uluslararas\u0131 G\u00fcvenlik Kongresi Bildiriler Kitab\u0131 (Cilt 3), Edit\u00f6r: Hasret \u00c7omak, Kocaeli \u00dcniversitesi Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 1. Bask\u0131, Nisan 2014, Kocaeli, s.885<\/p>\n 8 Vatansever, agm, s.1524<\/p>\n 9 Tam\u00e7elik ve Kurt, agm, s.896-897<\/p>\n 10 Tam\u00e7elik ve Kurt, agm, s.890; \u201cDecree of 6\/18 September 1931 to define the extent of the territorial waters for the purposes of aviation and the control thereof\u201d, http:\/\/www.un.org\/Depts\/los\/LEGISLATIONAN<\/a><\/p>\n DTREATIES\/PDFFILES\/GRC_1931_Decree.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n 11 Mehmet Cem Demirci, Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n karasular\u0131n\u0131 12 mile \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131 ile T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye Ege Denizi\u2019nin %10\u2019undan daha az bir alan kalacakt\u0131r,<\/p>\n https:\/\/tr.euronews.com\/2018\/11\/27\/yunanistan-12-mil-cikisi-ile-turkiye-nin-sinir-uclarina-dokunuyor-gorus<\/p>\n 12 Necdet Pamir, Do\u011fu Akdeniz ve K\u0131br\u0131s Ekseninde Enerji ve Jeopolitik, Petrol M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131, Haziran 2018, s.13<\/p>\n 13 \u00d6zer Balka\u015f, Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de Petrol Ve Do\u011fal Gaz Gerginli\u011fi & H\u00fck\u00fcmranl\u0131k Sava\u015flar\u0131, https:\/\/www. <\/a>researchgate.net\/publication\/314208330 Mar 03, 2017<\/p>\n 14 Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de Petrol Arama Krizi S\u00fcr\u00fcyor, \u0130ktisadi Kalk\u0131nma Vakf\u0131 E-B\u00fclteni, 19 \u2013 25 Eyl\u00fcl 2011<\/p>\n 15 Merve Aksoy, Do\u011fu Akdeniz Enerji rekabeti, \u0130NSAMER (\u0130nsani ve Sosyal Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Merkezi) Ara\u015ft\u0131rma 23, Eyl\u00fcl 2016, s.8<\/p>\n 16 Aksoy, agr, s.7; Fatma Ta\u015fdemir, K\u0131br\u0131s Adas\u0131 A\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131nda Petrol ve Do\u011falgaz Arama Faaliyetleri Kapsam\u0131nda Ortaya \u00c7\u0131kan Krizin Hukuki, Ekonomik ve Siyasi Boyutlar\u0131, Ankara Strateji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, 2012, s.36<\/p>\n 17 T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n 15 \u015eubat 2012 tarih ve 43 No.lu \u201cGKRY’nin A\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130kinci Uluslararas\u0131 Hidrokarbon Arama \u0130halesi\u201d<\/p>\n konulu resmi a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131<\/p>\n 18 Vatansever, agm, s.1524; Ertan, Birol; \u201cG\u00fcney K\u0131br\u0131s \u0130srail Cumhuriyeti\u201d, http:\/\/www.trakyanethaber.com\/yeni\/koseyazi.asp, <\/a>(18.10.2011).<\/p>\n 19 Tarak\u00e7\u0131, agm, s.2<\/p>\n 20 Ya\u015far Erg\u00fcl, Do\u011fu Akdeniz’de Petrol Oyunu, \u0130skenderun Teknik \u00dcniversitesi (\u0130STE), M\u00fchendislik ve Do\u011fa Bilimleri Fak\u00fcltesi,\u00a0 Petrol ve\u00a0 Do\u011falgaz M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, 17.10.2016<\/p>\n 21 Vatansever, agm, s. 1525<\/p>\n 22 Aksoy, agr, s.7<\/p>\n 23 Pamir, agm, s. 14<\/p>\n 24 K\u0131br\u0131s’taki Do\u011falgaz Gerginli\u011fi Hakk\u0131nda Bilinmesi Gerekenler, https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/turkce\/haberler-turkiye-43061162, <\/a>15 \u015eubat 2018<\/p>\n 25 \u00d6mer Bilge, Amerikan ExxonMobil K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019ta sondaja ba\u015flad\u0131, H\u00fcrriyet, 17 Kas\u0131m 2018<\/p>\n 26 Elif K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckkaya, Total ve Eni G\u00fcney K\u0131br\u0131s Rum Y\u00f6netimi\u2019ne Ba\u015fvurdu, https:\/\/www.enerjiportali.com\/total-ve-eni-guney-kibris-rum-yonetimine-<\/a> basvurdu, <\/a>29 Kas\u0131m 2018<\/p>\n 27 Cem G\u00fcrdeniz, Do\u011fu Akdeniz’de MEB s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131m\u0131z acilen ilan edilmelidir, Ayd\u0131nl\u0131k, 14.10.2018<\/p>\n 28 G\u00fcrdeniz, agm, 14.10.2018<\/p>\n 29 Pamir, agm, s.11<\/p>\n 30\u00a0 \u00a0Stelios \u00a0Marathovouniotis, \u00a0Large-scale \u00a0multinational \u00a0military \u00a0exercise \u00a0conducted \u00a0in \u00a0Cyprus, https:\/\/in-cyprus.com\/news\/local\/large-scale- multinational-military-exercise-conducted-in-cyprus-videopictures, October 31, 2018<\/p>\n 31 Ata Atun, Rumlar\u0131n Enerji \u0130ttifak\u0131, 8 Aral\u0131k 2017<\/p>\n 32 Ceyhun \u00c7i\u00e7ek\u00e7i, \u0130srail-Yunanistan-G\u00fcney K\u0131br\u0131s Aks\u0131 m\u0131? \u00c7anakkale 18 Mart \u00dcniversitesi, ORSAM Analizi, http:\/\/www.academia.edu\/23761834\/<\/a> 29 May\u0131s 2016<\/p>\n 33 Murat Demirci, G\u00fcney K\u0131br\u0131s Rum Y\u00f6netimi-Yunanistan-\u0130srail \u00dc\u00e7l\u00fc Zirvesi yap\u0131ld\u0131, AA (Anadolu Ajans\u0131), Lefko\u015fa, 8 May\u0131s 2018<\/p>\n 34 Israel, Cyprus, Greece and Italy agree on $7b. East Med gas pipeline to Europe, Times of Israel, 24 November 2018<\/p>\nGKRY-Yunanistan-ABD-\u0130srail-Mac-\u0130talya aras\u0131nda Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de i\u015fbirli\u011fi<\/strong><\/h3>\n
Sonu\u00e7 ve \u00f6neriler<\/strong><\/h3>\n
Dipnotlar<\/strong><\/h4>\n
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