{"id":5809,"date":"2019-02-09T19:30:00","date_gmt":"2019-02-09T16:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/misak.millidusunce.com\/?p=5809&preview=true&preview_id=5809"},"modified":"2019-02-09T14:04:16","modified_gmt":"2019-02-09T11:04:16","slug":"ormanlarimizda-ve-ormanciligimizda-neler-oluyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/ormanlarimizda-ve-ormanciligimizda-neler-oluyor\/","title":{"rendered":"Ormanlar\u0131m\u0131zda ve ormanc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda neler oluyor?"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"(G\u00f6rsel:Do\u011fu

(G\u00f6rsel:Do\u011fu Karadeniz ormanlar\u0131)<\/p><\/div>\n

Ba\u015flarken<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Bu toplumda ya\u015fayan, ayd\u0131n sorumlulu\u011fu veya yurtta\u015f sorumlulu\u011fu ta\u015f\u0131yan herkes, 2002 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren Cumhuriyetimizin kurulu\u015fundan beri s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclen milli e\u011fitim, sa\u011fl\u0131k, milli savunma, i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f g\u00fcvenlik, d\u0131\u015f i\u015fleri, ekonomi politikalar\u0131nda ve yarg\u0131 sisteminde \u201ceksen kaymas\u0131<\/em>\u201d olarak da ifade edilebilecek k\u00f6kl\u00fc de\u011fi\u015fimlerin ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n fark\u0131ndad\u0131r. T\u00fcm bunlar\u0131n sonunda \u00fclkemizin geldi\u011fi durum y\u00f6netenlerimizce \u201cYeni T\u00fcrkiye<\/em>\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcm temel politikalardakine benzer dramatik de\u011fi\u015fiklikler ormanc\u0131l\u0131k sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde de ya\u015fand\u0131, ama toplumun b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayat\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frudan etkileyen politikalar olarak alg\u0131lanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in gereken ilgiyi g\u00f6rmemi\u015ftir. H\u0131fz\u0131 Veldet\u00a0<\/em>Velidedeo\u011flu<\/em>\u2019 nun \u015fu s\u00f6zleri tam da bu durumu anlat\u0131r:<\/p>\n

“Evet, \u2018orman<\/em>\u2019 s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc veya ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnce \u00e7o\u011fu ayd\u0131n\u0131m\u0131z o yaz\u0131y\u0131 okumaz. Orman\u0131 kendi ilgi alan\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda sayar. Ben onlar\u0131, Frans\u0131zlar\u0131n \u2018gourmet\u2019 dedikleri damak zevkine d\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcn ki\u015filere benzetirim: Karidesli, levrekli, bonfileli sofralara al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Kuru fasulyeli tabak geldi mi, burun k\u0131v\u0131r\u0131rlar. Onlar\u0131n karides, levrek veya bonfileli sofras\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn, felsefe, ekonomi, politika yaz\u0131lar\u0131d\u0131r. Sadece b\u00f6yle ince ve karma\u015f\u0131k konulardan zevk al\u0131rlar. \u2018O<\/em>rman<\/em>\u2019 konusu ise kuru fasulyedir onlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu i\u00e7in.”<\/p>\n

Bendeniz \u201cOrmanlar\u0131m\u0131zda ve Ormanc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda Neler Oluyor?<\/em>\u201d Ana ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda ormanc\u0131 olmayanlar\u0131n da ilgi duyaca\u011f\u0131 ve onlar\u0131 s\u0131kmayacak \u00f6l\u00e7ekte konuyu be\u015f k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcme ay\u0131rarak<\/em>, ormanc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zdaki eksen kaymas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6gelerine, onlar\u0131n da se\u00e7erek sadece \u00f6nemli olanlar\u0131na de\u011finmekle yetinece\u011fim.<\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131lar\u0131n b\u00f6l\u00fcm ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r;<\/p>\n

1-Ormanlar ve Ormanc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z<\/em><\/p>\n

2-AKP’nin Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Arazi Temelli D\u00fczenlemeler<\/em><\/p>\n

3-Orman S\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 D\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00c7\u0131karma ve \u0130zinler<\/em><\/p>\n

4-Ormanc\u0131l\u0131kta \u0130\u00e7i Bo\u015falt\u0131lan Kavramlar<\/em><\/p>\n

5-Ne Yap\u0131lmal\u0131?\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/em><\/p>\n

Not: <\/em>Yaz\u0131n\u0131n ilerleyen b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinde g\u00f6r\u00fclece\u011fi gibi, son 10-15 y\u0131lda yap\u0131lan y\u00fczlerce kanun, <\/strong>KHK ve y\u00f6netmelik h\u00fck\u00fcmleri de\u011fi\u015fikliklerinden s\u00f6z edece\u011fim. Bunlar\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131n ilgili kamu kurumlar\u0131nda bile \u00e7ok ciddi \u015fekilde izlenebildi\u011fini sanm\u0131yorum. Benim de izlemem m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildi. O nedenle metin i\u00e7inde kullan\u0131lan t\u00fcm mevzuat de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri ve \u00e7izelgeler de\u011ferli ormanc\u0131 ve \u00e7evreci, Do\u00e7. Dr. Y\u00fccel \u00c7a\u011flar<\/em>\u2019\u0131n \u201cOrmanc\u0131l\u0131k \u00dczerine Sessiz Tart\u0131\u015fmalar<\/em>\u201d isimli bir seri makalesinden al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Fedak\u00e2r s\u0131n\u0131f arkada\u015f\u0131ma te\u015fekk\u00fcr ederim.<\/p>\n

Orman\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Hukukumuzdaki orman tan\u0131m\u0131: 6831 say\u0131l\u0131 Orman Kanunu madde-1: \u201cTabii olarak yeti\u015fen ve emekle yeti\u015ftirilen a\u011fa\u00e7 ve a\u011fa\u00e7\u00e7\u0131k topluluklar\u0131 yerleriyle birlikte orman say\u0131l\u0131r.<\/em>\u201d \u00a0Ancak:<\/p>\n

\u201cA) Sazl\u0131klar, B) Step nebatlariyle \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc yerler, C) Her \u00e7e\u015fit dikenlikler, \u00c7) Parklar; D) Eski (kadim) mezarl\u0131klardaki a\u011fa\u00e7 ve a\u011fa\u00e7l\u0131klarla \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc yerler, E) Sahipli arazide bulunan ve civar\u0131ndaki ormanlarda tabii olarak yeti\u015fmeyen a\u011fa\u00e7 ve a\u011fa\u00e7\u00e7\u0131k nevilerinin bulundu\u011fu yerler; F) \u00d6zel m\u00fclkiyette bulunan ve tar\u0131m arazisi olarak kullan\u0131lan, da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k veya yer yer k\u00fcme ve s\u0131ra halinde ki her nevi a\u011fa\u00e7 ve a\u011fa\u00e7c\u0131klarla \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc yerler, G) Orman s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda olup, y\u00fcz\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7 hektar\u0131 a\u015fmayan sahipli arazideki her nevi a\u011fa\u00e7 ve a\u011fa\u00e7\u00e7\u0131klarla \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc yerler, H) Orman s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde veya biti\u015fi\u011finde tapulu, orman s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ise her t\u00fcrl\u00fc tasarruf belgeleri ile \u00f6zel m\u00fclkiyette bulunan ve muhitin hususiyetlerine g\u00f6re yeti\u015fmi\u015f veya yeti\u015ftirilecek olan \u00a0f\u0131st\u0131k \u00e7aml\u0131klar\u0131 ve palamut me\u015felikleri dahil olmak \u00fczere her nevi meyveli a\u011fa\u00e7 ve a\u011fa\u00e7\u00e7\u0131klar,\u00a0 \u0130) Sahipli arazideki a\u015f\u0131l\u0131 ve a\u015f\u0131s\u0131z zeytinliklerle, \u00f6zel kanunu gere\u011fince Devlet Ormanlar\u0131ndan tefrik edilmi\u015f ve imar, \u0131slah ve temlik \u015fartlar\u0131 yerine getirilmi\u015f bulunan yabani zeytinlikler ile 9\/7\/1956 tarih ve 6777 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunda tasrih edilen yabani veya a\u015f\u0131lanm\u0131\u015f f\u0131st\u0131kl\u0131k, sak\u0131zl\u0131k ve harnupluklar, J) Funda veya makilerle \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc<\/u> orman ve toprak muhafaza karakteri ta\u015f\u0131mayan yerler<\/u>,…\u00a0orman say\u0131lmaz<\/em>.\u201d<\/p>\n

Bu tan\u0131m, sistemin bir \u00f6gesi olan a\u011fac\u0131n yok olmas\u0131 ile orman\u0131n da \u201corman vasf\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmesi\u201d d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesine yol a\u00e7makta ve ekosistemin b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle yok say\u0131lmas\u0131yla, orman alanlar\u0131n\u0131n daralmas\u0131 sonucunu do\u011furmakta oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, eksik bir tan\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer taraftan, kanunun J f\u0131kras\u0131, toprak muhafaza karakteri ta\u015f\u0131mayan makilikleri de orman saymamaktad\u0131r. Halbuki makilik alanlar, bilimsel olarak d\u00fcnyan\u0131n kabul etti\u011fi 26 orman tipinden biridir. Ayn\u0131 rejyonda bulunan bir k\u0131z\u0131l\u00e7am orman\u0131ndan \u00e7ok daha fazla fonksiyonel de\u011fer \u00fcretir ve daha fazla biyo-\u00e7e\u015fitlilik bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131r. \u0130ster primer ister sekonder karakterli olsun, makilikler \u00f6zg\u00fcn bir ekosistemdir.<\/p>\n

Orman<\/em>; geli\u015fig\u00fczel bir araya gelmi\u015f a\u011fa\u00e7 topluluklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6tesinde, \u00f6rne\u011fi \u00e7ok az g\u00f6r\u00fclen bir \u201chayat birli\u011fi<\/em>\u201d dir. Bu hayat birli\u011fine a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n yan\u0131nda di\u011fer bitkiler, hayvanlar ve toprak organizmalar\u0131 ile onlar\u0131n ya\u015famas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan toprak, hava, su, \u0131\u015f\u0131k, s\u0131cakl\u0131k gibi cans\u0131z \u00e7evre \u00f6\u011feleri de kat\u0131larak bir \u201cekosistem<\/em>\u201d olu\u015ftururlar. Orman\u0131 tek bir \u201corman\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile ifade etmek yetersiz kal\u0131r. Ormanlar, madenler veya petrol gibi bir do\u011fal kaynak da de\u011fildir. O i\u00e7inde bir\u00e7ok \u00f6geyi ve bir\u00e7ok s\u00fcreci bar\u0131nd\u0131ran do\u011fal bir ekosistemdir. Bu ekosistemde onu olu\u015fturan \u00f6geler ve s\u00fcre\u00e7ler kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 etkile\u015fim ve denge i\u00e7indedirler. Bu dengenin korunmas\u0131, varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmesi ve faydalanman\u0131n s\u00fcreklili\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

Ormanlar odun ve odun d\u0131\u015f\u0131 orman \u00fcr\u00fcnleri (ikincil orman \u00fcr\u00fcnleri) d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclemeyen ve paha bi\u00e7ilemeyen \u201cfonksiyonel de\u011ferler<\/em>\u201d \u00fcretirler. Bunlar\u0131 tek tek saymak yerine Almanya\u2019da yap\u0131lan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma \u00fczerinden rakamlara d\u00f6kerek anlatman\u0131n daha uygun olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u00fcm. Bu ara\u015ft\u0131rmada, 100 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki bir kay\u0131n a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcretti\u011fi fonksiyonel de\u011ferlerinin baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015fu \u015fekilde \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. a) Saatte yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak 1,7 kg oksijen \u00fcretmektedir. B\u00f6ylece 64 ki\u015finin g\u00fcnl\u00fck oksijen gereksinimini kar\u015f\u0131lamaktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  2. b) Saatte yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak 2,35 kg karbondioksit harcamaktad\u0131r. (karbon yuta\u011f\u0131d\u0131r) B\u00f6ylece atmosferin do\u011fal gaz dengesinin korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir rol oynamaktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  3. c) Y\u0131lda 1 ton kadar tozu s\u00fczmekte, baca gazlar\u0131n\u0131, bakterileri ve vir\u00fcsleri ba\u011flamaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle havadaki kat\u0131 par\u00e7ac\u0131klar, \u00f6zellikle akci\u011fere giden tozlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan orman havas\u0131, kent havas\u0131na k\u0131yasla % 90-99 oran\u0131nda daha az toz i\u00e7ermektedir.<\/li>\n
  4. d) G\u00fcne\u015fli g\u00fcnlerde 400 litreye kadar su sarf ederek, \u00e7evresindeki havay\u0131 5\u00b0C’ye kadar serinletebilmektedir.<\/li>\n
  5. e) \u015eiddetli ultraviyole ve radyasyondan \u00e7evresini korumaktad\u0131r. Orman kendi alt\u0131ndaki havan\u0131n nemini % 10\u2019a kadar artt\u0131rabilmektedir.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Di\u011fer taraftan, gene Almanya\u2019da yap\u0131lan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmada, bir ladin orman\u0131, ayn\u0131 iklim ve arazi e\u011fimi ko\u015fullar\u0131na sahip bir \u00e7\u0131plak topra\u011fa k\u0131yasla, y\u00fczeysel ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 17 kat, erozyonu da 350 kat azaltabilmektedir.<\/p>\n

    Ormanlar\u0131n para ile \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclemeyen bu fonksiyonel de\u011ferlerinin, \u00fcretti\u011fi reel de\u011ferlerin \u00e7ok \u00fcst\u00fcnde oldu\u011fu bilimsel bir ger\u00e7ektir.<\/p>\n

    Bir ba\u015fka ifadeyle orman; g\u00fcne\u015f enerjisi ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan odun, \u00e7ok say\u0131da odun d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn ve bir\u00e7ok fonksiyonel de\u011fer \u00fcreten bir fotosentez fabrikas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Ormanc\u0131l\u0131k<\/em>: toplumun orman \u00fcr\u00fcnlerine ve hizmetlerine olan ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrekli ve en uygun \u015fekilde kar\u015f\u0131lamak amac\u0131yla biyolojik, teknik, ekonomik sosyal, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve y\u00f6netsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kapsayan \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir bir etkinliktir. Toplumsal faydalar yaratma, verimlilik, s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirlik ve \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc yararlanma gibi ilkeler ormanc\u0131l\u0131kta \u00e7ok boyutlu karar vermeyi zorunlu hale getirmekte, uzun vadeli ve tutarl\u0131 bir planlama gere\u011fini ortaya koymaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Ekosistemin dengesi<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    \"Y\u0131l\u0131n

    Y\u0131l\u0131n hemen her mevsimi yemye\u015fil olan Do\u011fu Karadeniz b\u00f6lgemizin sellere maruz kalmas\u0131, bitki-toprak-su-topo\u011frafya aras\u0131ndaki hassas dengenin bozulmas\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k g\u00f6stergesidir.<\/p><\/div>\n

    Bir ekosistemde bitki-toprak-su-topo\u011frafya aras\u0131nda hassas bir denge vard\u0131r. Bu \u00f6gelerden genelde bitkiye(ormana, meraya) yap\u0131lan m\u00fcdahale ile bu denge bozuldu\u011funda, bir dizi olumsuzluk pe\u015f pe\u015fe ya\u015fan\u0131r. \u00c7\u0131\u011flar, seller, ta\u015fk\u0131nlar, toprak kaymalar\u0131, heyelanlar, su kalitesinin bozulmas\u0131, sucul ve karasal yaban hayat\u0131n\u0131n olumsuz etkilenmesi…vs<\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    Y\u0131l\u0131n hemen her mevsimi yemye\u015fil olan Do\u011fu Karadeniz b\u00f6lgemizin en fazla sellere maruz kalmas\u0131, bu denge bozulmas\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k g\u00f6stergesidir. Ladin, \u00e7am, me\u015fe, kay\u0131n gibi a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n uzun boylu a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n kesilerek yerine kurulan \u00e7ay, f\u0131nd\u0131k bah\u00e7eleri veya m\u0131s\u0131r tarlalar\u0131, yemye\u015fil g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de y\u0131ll\u0131k bir metrekareye d\u00fc\u015fen 2-2,5 ton ya\u011fmur suyunu dizginleyememektedir.<\/p>\n

    \u00dclkemizin ortalama y\u00fcksekli\u011fi bin metrenin \u00fczerinde ve k\u0131r\u0131k bir topo\u011frafyaya sahip oldu\u011fundan, bitki-toprak-su-topo\u011frafya aras\u0131ndaki denge \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde bozulmu\u015ftur. O nedenle \u00fclkemizin tar\u0131m topraklar\u0131n\u0131n %59u, meralar\u0131n\u0131n %64\u00fc, ormanlar\u0131n\u0131n %54\u00fc erozyona maruzdur. Her t\u00fcr araziyi hor kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in, her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn verimli topraklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 kaybetmekteyiz ve \u00fclkemiz \u00e7orakla\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    D\u00fcnya orman varl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n

    D\u00fcnyam\u0131z\u0131n orman varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 4.033.060.000 Ha. olup, karalar toplulu\u011funun %33 \u00fc ormanla kapl\u0131d\u0131r. Geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelerde orman varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 azal\u0131rken (Brezilya, Endonezya, Nijerya\u2026.), geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkeler orman varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131rmaktad\u0131rlar.(\u00c7in, ABD, Vietnam, \u0130spanya\u2026)<\/p>\n

    En \u00e7ok a\u011fa\u00e7land\u0131rma yapan \u00fclkeler ise s\u0131ras\u0131yla: \u00c7in, ABD, Rusya, Japonya\u2026.olarak s\u0131ralanmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7in bu g\u00fcne kadar 77 milyon Ha. (yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak, T\u00fcrkiye toplam alan\u0131 kadar) a\u011fa\u00e7land\u0131rma yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    T\u00fcrkiye orman varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 <\/strong><\/h2>\n

    \u00dclkemizin genel arazi kullan\u0131m\u0131na bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, %28,6 s\u0131n\u0131n orman, %17,6’s\u0131n\u0131n mera, %31,1’inin tar\u0131m alan\u0131, %1,4’\u00fcn\u00fcn sular, % 21,3’\u00fcn\u00fcn de yerle\u015fimler ve di\u011fer alanlar oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

    Orman varl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z; 22 milyon 300 bin hektard\u0131r. 1972 orman envanterinde 20,2 olan orman varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki 2,1 milyon hektarl\u0131k art\u0131\u015f, o g\u00fcnden beri yap\u0131lan a\u011fa\u00e7land\u0131rmalar ve k\u00f6yl\u00fcn\u00fcn ormandan a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 fakat i\u00e7 g\u00f6\u00e7 nedeniyle terk etti\u011fi yerlerin tekrar ormanla\u015fmas\u0131ndan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Ormanlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n %63 \u00fc ekonomik fonksiyonlu, %32 si ekolojik fonksiyonlu ve % 05 i de sosyo-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel fonksiyonlu olarak planlan\u0131p i\u015fletilmektedir.<\/p>\n

    Odun (asli orman \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc) \u00fcretimi<\/strong><\/h2>\n

    T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de y\u0131lda yakla\u015f\u0131k 16-17 milyon M3 end\u00fcstriyel odun(Tomruk, maden direk, tel direk, sanayi odunu, lif-yonga odunu) ve 3-4 milyon M3 yakacak odun olmak \u00fczere yakla\u015f\u0131k 20 milyon M3 asli orman \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fcretilmektedir. \u00d6zel sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn \u00fcretti\u011fi 3,5 milyon M3 ve ithal edilen 6,5 milyon M3 ile \u00fcretim ve t\u00fcketim aras\u0131ndaki a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z kapat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Odun d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnler \u00fcretimi<\/strong><\/h2>\n

    T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f ticareti yap\u0131lan t\u0131bbi ve aromatik bitki say\u0131s\u0131, alt t\u00fcrler de dahil olmak \u00fczere, 347 adet olup, bunlardan 139 t\u00fcr ve alt t\u00fcr\u00fcn ihracat\u0131 yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u0130hracat\u0131 yap\u0131lan \u00f6nemli t\u0131bbi ve aromatik bitki ile ormanlardan \u00fcretilen odun d\u0131\u015f\u0131 orman \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinden baz\u0131lar\u0131: \u00c7am f\u0131st\u0131\u011f\u0131, defne yapra\u011f\u0131, biberiye, kekik, ada\u00e7ay\u0131, rezene mahlep, ke\u00e7i boynuzu, re\u00e7ine, s\u0131\u011fla ya\u011f\u0131, sumak, \u0131hlamur\u2026 vs. Bu gibi \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin d\u00fcnya pazar\u0131 110 milyar USD, T\u00fcrkiye pazar\u0131 350 milyon USD kadard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Korunan alanlar<\/strong><\/h2>\n

    \u00dclkemizdeki t\u00fcm orman alanlar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fclkiyeti maliye hazinesine, i\u015fletmesi ise Orman Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne aittir. Ancak baz\u0131 orman alanlar\u0131 1983 tarih ve 2873 say\u0131l\u0131 \u201cMilli Parklar Kanunu<\/em>\u201d gere\u011fince di\u011fer orman alanlar\u0131na g\u00f6re daha ayr\u0131cal\u0131kl\u0131 y\u00f6netilirler. Bu alanlar deyim yerindeyse bu yasa gere\u011fince ek koruma kalkan\u0131na sahip alanlard\u0131r. Buralarda \u201cDo\u011fa koruma ve Milli Parklar Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u201d n\u00fcn y\u00f6netim ve planlamas\u0131 s\u00f6z konusudur. Ancak m\u00fclkiyet, yang\u0131nla m\u00fccadele ve di\u011fer altyap\u0131 hizmetleri gene Orman Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    “Koruma Alanlar\u0131”<\/em><\/td>\nSay\u0131<\/em><\/td>\nAlan (Da)<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Milli Park<\/td>\n40<\/td>\n8.286.143<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Tabiat Park\u0131<\/td>\n203<\/td>\n969.575,00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Tabiat\u0131 Koruma Alan\u0131<\/td>\n31<\/td>\n66.837<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Tabiat An\u0131t\u0131<\/td>\n112<\/td>\n66.837<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Yaban Hayat\u0131 Geli\u015ftirme Sahas\u0131<\/td>\n82<\/td>\n11.928.090<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Sulak Alanlar *<\/td>\n14<\/td>\n1.844.870<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Ulusal \u00d6neme Haiz Sulak Alan*<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n2.884.270<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Gen Koruma Orman\u0131<\/td>\n276<\/td>\n399.976<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Muhafaza Ormanlar\u0131<\/td>\n55<\/td>\n3.204.510<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Tohum Me\u015fceresi<\/td>\n395<\/td>\n452.420<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Tohum Bah\u00e7esi<\/td>\n177<\/td>\n13.390<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u00d6zel \u00c7evre Koruma Alanlar\u0131<\/td>\n16<\/td>\n24.591.160<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Kent Ormanlar\u0131<\/td>\n151<\/td>\n128.078,30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    TOPLAM<\/td>\n1572<\/td>\n54.836.156<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u00c7izelge-1;<\/em> \u00dclkemizde hukuksal durumlar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00f6zel olarak \u201ckoruma\u201d alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f alanlar<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \"G\u00f6rsel:

    G\u00f6rsel: K\u00f6pr\u00fcl\u00fc Kanyon Milli Park\u0131<\/p><\/div>\n

    \u00dclkemiz IUCN (Uluslararas\u0131 korunan alanlar birli\u011fi) \u00fcyesi olup, \u00c7izelge-1 de g\u00f6r\u00fclen toplam 5 milyon hektardan fazla olan korunan alanlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n baz\u0131lar\u0131 IUCN listesinde yer almaktad\u0131r\u2026\u00a0 \u00a0(devam edecek)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Ormanc\u0131l\u0131k sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde ya\u015fanan \u201ceksen kaymas\u0131\u201d, toplumun b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayat\u0131n\u0131 etkileyen politikalar olarak alg\u0131lanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in yeterli ilgiyi g\u00f6rmemektedir. Fakat ormanlar, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclemeyen ve paha bi\u00e7ilemeyen \u201cfonksiyonel de\u011ferler\u201d \u00fcretirler.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":51,"featured_media":5854,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_ef_editorial_meta_date_first-draft-date":"","_ef_editorial_meta_paragraph_assignment":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[60,63,2],"tags":[563,564],"coauthors":[148],"class_list":["post-5809","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-teknoloji","category-ekonomi","category-genel","tag-orman","tag-ormancilik"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5809","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/51"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5809"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5809\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5854"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5809"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5809"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5809"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=5809"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}