{"id":5819,"date":"2019-02-15T19:30:00","date_gmt":"2019-02-15T16:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/misak.millidusunce.com\/?p=5819&preview=true&preview_id=5819"},"modified":"2019-02-15T17:59:19","modified_gmt":"2019-02-15T14:59:19","slug":"orman-sinirlari-disina-cikarma-ve-izinler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/orman-sinirlari-disina-cikarma-ve-izinler\/","title":{"rendered":"Orman s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karma ve izinler"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>Kamuoyunda \u201c2\/B arazileri\u201d olarak bilinen alanlar<\/h2>\n

Orman alanlar\u0131ndan ba\u015fka ama\u00e7la kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere orman s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lma i\u015flemine basit\u00e7e\u201d2\/B\u201d uygulamas\u0131 denilmektedir. \u201c2\/B\u201dnin hukuki dayana\u011f\u0131, Anayasan\u0131n 169 ve 170. Maddeleri ile 6831 Sayl\u0131 Kanunun 2. madde\/B f\u0131kras\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Madde:\u2026<\/em>\u201cOrman olarak muhafazas\u0131nda bilim ve fen bak\u0131m\u0131ndan hi\u00e7bir yarar g\u00f6r\u00fclmeyen, aksine tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesinde kesin yarar oldu\u011fu tespit edilen yerler ile 31.12.1981 tarihinden \u00f6nce bilim ve fen bak\u0131m\u0131ndan orman niteli\u011fini tam olarak kaybetmi\u015f olan tarla, ba\u011f, meyvelik, zeytinlik gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131nda veya hayvanc\u0131l\u0131kta kullan\u0131lmas\u0131nda yarar oldu\u011fu tespit edilen araziler, \u015fehir, kasaba ve k\u00f6y yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n toplu olarak bulundu\u011fu yerler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, orman s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131nda daraltma yap\u0131lamaz.\u201d<\/li>\n
  2. Madde:..<\/em>\u201c31.12.1981 tarihinden \u00f6nce bilim ve fen bak\u0131m\u0131ndan orman niteli\u011fini tamamen kaybetmi\u015f yerlerin de\u011ferlendirilmesi; bilim ve fen bak\u0131m\u0131ndan orman olarak muhafazas\u0131nda yarar g\u00f6r\u00fclmeyen yerlerin tespiti ve orman s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lmas\u0131; orman i\u00e7indeki k\u00f6yler halk\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131smen veya tamamen bu yerlere yerle\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in Devlet eliyle an\u0131lan yerlerin ihya edilerek bu halk\u0131n yararlanmas\u0131na tahsisi kanunla d\u00fczenlenir.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    6831\/madde2-B bendi:<\/em> \u201c31\/12\/1981 tarihinden \u00f6nce bilim ve fen bak\u0131m\u0131ndan orman niteli\u011fini tam olarak kaybetmi\u015f yerlerden; tarla, ba\u011f, bah\u00e7e, meyvelik, zeytinlik, f\u0131nd\u0131kl\u0131k f\u0131st\u0131kl\u0131k (antep f\u0131st\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00e7am f\u0131st\u0131\u011f\u0131) gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131 veya otlak, k\u0131\u015flak, yaylak gibi hayvanc\u0131l\u0131kta kullan\u0131lmas\u0131nda yarar oldu\u011fu tespit edilen araziler ile \u015fehir, kasaba ve k\u00f6y yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n toplu olarak bulundu\u011fu yerle\u015fim alanlar\u0131, orman s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n

    Bilindi\u011fi gibi AKP\u2019nin 2002 y\u0131l\u0131nda iktidara geldikten sonra, 25 milyar USD kaynak yaratma umuduyla ilk el att\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu, kamuoyunda \u201c2\/B\u201d olarak bilinen arazilerin sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 konusu olmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

    Bunun i\u00e7in Anayasan\u0131n 169 ve 170 maddeleri bile de\u011fi\u015ftirilmek istendi, ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olunamad\u0131. Ama vazge\u00e7mediler.<\/p>\n

    15 Ocak 2009 da \u201c5831 Say\u0131l\u0131 Tapu kanunu ve baz\u0131 kanunlarda de\u011fi\u015fiklik yap\u0131lmas\u0131na dair kanun<\/em>\u201d la 6831 Say\u0131l\u0131 Orman Kanunu\u2019nun kadastro \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyen 7, 9, 45.nci maddelerini de\u011fi\u015ftirildi ve bir de Ek madde-10 getirildi. B\u00f6ylece 2\/B arazilerinin sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli alt yap\u0131y\u0131 olu\u015fturuldu.<\/p>\n

    19 Nisan 2012 tarihinde 6292 say\u0131l\u0131 “Orman k\u00f6yl\u00fclerinin kalk\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n desteklenmesi ve hazine ad\u0131na orman s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan yerlerin de\u011ferlendirilmesi ile hazineye ait tar\u0131m arazilerinin sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda kanun<\/em>\u201d u \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131. Bu kanun y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckteki benzeri olan 2924 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunun yerine ikame edilmi\u015ftir. Anayasan\u0131n 170 maddesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 olan bu kanunu muhalefet de desteklemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

    Hemen 2\/B uygulama y\u00f6netmeli\u011fini de\u011fi\u015ftirildi ve 2004 y\u0131l\u0131 sonunda 341 bin Ha olan 2\/B arazisi, %41 artarak 438 bin Ha. a ula\u015ft\u0131. 9 ay sonra 30 Ocak 2013 te \u201c6421 say\u0131l\u0131 kanun\u201d<\/em>la ayn\u0131 konuda bir d\u00fczenleme daha yap\u0131ld\u0131. Bu kanunda d\u00f6rt de\u011fi\u015fiklik daha yap\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra, 25 milyar umuduyla \u00e7\u0131k\u0131lan yolda 4,3 milyar dolar gelir sa\u011fland\u0131.<\/p>\n

    Bu yasa ile 473 bin Ha. 2\/B arazisine ilaveten, bir milyon Ha. tar\u0131m arazisi hi\u00e7bir k\u0131s\u0131tlama getirilmeden hak sahiplerine sat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

    Ayr\u0131ca; \u201c2\/B alanlar\u0131n\u0131 ve proje b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla gerekti\u011finde bu alanlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan yerleri de kapsayan ve s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 \u00c7evre ve \u015eehircilik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Toplu Konut \u0130daresi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya ilgili b\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir ya da di\u011fer belediyelerce belirlenen ve \u00c7evre ve \u015eehircilik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nca onaylanan gecekondu veya kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm projesi uygulanacak alanlar\u0131\u201d bi\u00e7iminde tan\u0131mlanan \u201cproje alanlar\u0131<\/em>\u201d uygulamas\u0131yla siyasal iktidarlar\u0131n ve yanda\u015f\u0131 belediyelerin \u201cdevlet orman\u0131\u201d say\u0131lan yerleri istedi\u011fi gibi kullanabilmesi imk\u00e2n\u0131 yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00dcstelik bu geni\u015fletmede inisiyatif Orman te\u015fkilat\u0131nda de\u011fil, projeyi yapan belediye, \u00c7evre ve \u015eehircilik bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve TOK\u0130 dedir.<\/p>\n

    Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7tan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze \u201corman rejimi d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karma i\u015flemi\u201d birisi ba\u015fkan olmak \u00fczere, b\u00fcnyesinde 2 ormanc\u0131 teknik eleman bulunan \u201corman kadastro komisyonlar\u0131<\/em>\u201d taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131l\u0131rken, art\u0131k i\u00e7inde ormanc\u0131 olmayan \u201ctapu kadastro ekipleri<\/em>\u201d bir yerin orman olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na karar vermektedirler.<\/p>\n

    2\/B arazilerinin Anayasam\u0131z\u0131n 170 maddesine g\u00f6re orman k\u00f6yl\u00fclerinin kalk\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 hedeflenirken, kimlerin bu konuya m\u00fcdahil oldu\u011funa dair bir gazete haberine yer vererek bu konuyu burada sonland\u0131ral\u0131m.<\/p>\n

    \u201cTapu Kadastro Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Davut G\u00fcney, 2B arazilerini eksik yaz\u0131p, ard\u0131ndan da A\u011fao\u011flu\u2019nun iste\u011fi do\u011frultusunda \u201cYanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131k yoktur\u201d yaz\u0131s\u0131 veren, \u00dcmraniye Kadastro M\u00fchendisli\u011fi i\u00e7in inceleme ba\u015flatt\u0131.\u201d\u2026. (Habert\u00fcrk; 27 Nisan 2012)<\/p>\n

    Orman alanlar\u0131nda verilen izinler<\/h2>\n

    Yukar\u0131daki ba\u015fl\u0131kta belirtildi\u011fi gibi sadece \u201c2\/B\u201d uygulamas\u0131 \u201corman s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karma\u201d olarak nitelense de orman alanlar\u0131nda yol, enerji nakil hatt\u0131, e\u011fitim tesisi, kat\u0131 at\u0131k alan\u0131, turizm tesisi, maden ve ta\u015f ocaklar\u0131 vs i\u00e7in verilen izinler de bir \u00e7e\u015fit orman s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karmad\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu alanlar\u0131n \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, orman alan\u0131na geri d\u00f6nmeyecektir.<\/p>\n

    Son d\u00f6nemde yap\u0131lan orman alanlar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki yol in\u015fa ve enerji hatt\u0131 tesisi, maden arama ve i\u015fletme izinleri, t\u00fcccar mant\u0131\u011f\u0131na dayanan ve \u00e7evresel kayg\u0131lar\u0131 dikkate almayan bir yakla\u015f\u0131mla verilmektedir. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olarak 6831 say\u0131l\u0131 Orman Kanununun 17. maddesine eklenen 3. f\u0131kra Anayasa mahkemesince iptal edilmi\u015ftir. Yeniden yap\u0131lan d\u00fczenlemede ise Mahkemenin g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc sak\u0131ncalar tam olarak d\u00fczeltilmemi\u015f, mu\u011flakl\u0131klar ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    8 Nisan 2014 g\u00fcn\u00fc y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe konulan Orman Kanununun 16, 17\/3 ve 18 \u0130nci Maddelerinin Uygulama Y\u00f6netmelikleri (\u0130zin y\u00f6netmelikleri) siyasal iktidar\u0131n \u201cdevlet orman\u0131\u201d say\u0131lan yerlere nas\u0131l yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bir kez daha a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131kla ortaya koyan belgelerdir. Bu bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131nda, kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6zetilmesi de\u011fil sermayenin, kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n azam\u00eele\u015ftirilmesi amac\u0131 g\u00fcd\u00fclmektedir. \u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n

    Bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fi kurum taraf\u0131ndan maksatlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fan kullan\u0131m\u0131n veya istismar\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011fu orman alanlar\u0131nda verilen izinlerde objektif \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc ne olmal\u0131d\u0131r? Sorusunun cevab\u0131, izinler konusunda yol g\u00f6sterici olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \u00d6ncelikle bilinmesi gereken husus \u015fu dur ki; ormanlar toprak ve \u00fczerindeki a\u011fa\u00e7 toplulu\u011fundan olu\u015fan tek eksenli basit bir ekosistem de\u011fildir. Orman alanlar\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer kullan\u0131m ama\u00e7lar\u0131na tahsisi s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda, bu alanlar\u0131n kamu yarar\u0131na sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn fonksiyonlar\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilmeli ve bu \u201ctoplam kamusal de\u011fer\u201d<\/em> ile \u201c\u00f6nerilen tahsisin sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 kamusal de\u011fer\u201d<\/em> \u00e7ok ciddi bir \u015fekilde k\u0131yaslanarak karar verilmelidir.<\/p>\n

    Turizm-orman ikilemi<\/h2>\n

    2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda, AKP nin de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011fi 2634 Turizmi te\u015fvik kanunu 8. maddesinin A, C ve D f\u0131kralar\u0131 Anayasa Mahkemesi taraf\u0131ndan, \u201cbir y\u0131l sonra y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmek \u00fczere iptal edilmi\u015ftir<\/em>\u201d <\/sup>Neden \u201cbir y\u0131l sonra y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmek \u00fczere<\/em>\u201d? Bu geli\u015fme \u00fczerine siyasal iktidar, deyim yerindeyse, \u201cf\u0131rsat bu f\u0131rsatt\u0131r\u201d d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesiyle 2008 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 5761 say\u0131l\u0131 yasayla s\u00f6z konusu maddeyi yeniden d\u00fczenlemi\u015ftir. Bu d\u00fczenlemeyle, ba\u015fta \u201cdevlet orman\u0131\u201d say\u0131lan araziler olmak her t\u00fcrl\u00fc kamu arazisi, deyim yerindeyse, turizmcilerin \u201cyolge\u00e7en han\u0131na\u201d d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr:<\/p>\n

    5761 say\u0131l\u0131 yasayla yap\u0131lan yeni d\u00fczenlemeler, Anayasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 ve Anayasa Mahkemesi\u2019nin iptal gerek\u00e7elerindeki eksiklikleri gidermemi\u015ftir: Anayasa mahkemesi, orman alanlar\u0131n\u0131n turizm yat\u0131r\u0131m alanlar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesini;<\/p>\n

    \u201cHazine m\u00fclkiyetinde yeterli alan\u0131n bulunmamas\u0131 (Sanki \u00f6zel m\u00fclkler \u00fczerinde turizm yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011filmi\u015f gibi)\u00a0 ve yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n ormanlarda yap\u0131lmas\u0131nda zorunluluk veya ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmazl\u0131k olmas\u0131\u201d gibi herkesin bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fecek mu\u011flak \u015fartlara ba\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tabii ki bu gerek\u00e7eler yerine getirilmeden Bakanlar Kurulu Karar\u0131 ile \u201cTurizm B\u00f6lgeleri\u201d, \u201cTurizm Alanlar\u0131\u201d ve \u201cTurizm Merkezleri\u201d ilan edilmi\u015f ve orman te\u015fkilat\u0131na turizme ayr\u0131lan bu arazilerin amenajman plan de\u011fi\u015fikliklerinin bir ay i\u00e7inde sonu\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 dikte edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

    Turizm \u201csiyaset \u00fcst\u00fc\u201d anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131;<\/p>\n

    D\u00f6nemin Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Ahmet Davuto\u011flu, 22 \u015eubat 2016 g\u00fcn\u00fc \u00c7ankaya K\u00f6\u015fk\u00fc\u2019nde kamuoyuna dokuz maddelik \u201c2016 Turizm Eylem Plan\u0131<\/em>\u201d n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klarken:<\/p>\n

    \u201cTurizm, T\u00fcrkiye’nin ortak \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 ilgilendiren siyaset \u00fcst\u00fc bir aland\u0131r<\/em>” demi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

    D\u0131\u015f Politika, milli g\u00fcvenlik, milli e\u011fitim, sa\u011fl\u0131k \u201csiyaset \u00fcst\u00fc\u201d olmuyor da turizm ni\u00e7in siyaset \u00fcst\u00fc say\u0131l\u0131yor ve tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 istenmiyor?<\/p>\n

    1984-2013 d\u00f6neminde; 228 \u201cturizm merkezi\u201d, 34 \u201ck\u00fclt\u00fcr ve turizm koruma ve geli\u015fim b\u00f6lgesi\u201d, 6 \u201cturizm alan\u0131\u201d, 2 \u201cturizm b\u00f6lgesi\u201d olmak \u00fczere toplam 1,8 milyon hektar geni\u015fli\u011findeki 270 alanda yap\u0131lacak turizm yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131na \u201cayr\u0131cal\u0131k\u201d kazand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Orman b\u00fcrokrasisi ise bu d\u00f6nemde \u201ckraldan fazla kralc\u0131\u201d kesilerek, ormanc\u0131l\u0131k bilim ve tekni\u011fine ayk\u0131r\u0131 beyanlarda bulunmu\u015flard\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin; \u00c7evre ve Orman Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 M\u00fcste\u015far Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 ve sonra da AKP U\u015fak Milletvekili olan bir orman Y. M\u00fchendisi;<\/p>\n

    \u201cOrman\u0131 istedi\u011fimiz yerde kurar\u0131z ama turizmi istedi\u011fimiz yerde yapamay\u0131z.\u201d d<\/em>iyebilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

    \u201cY\u00fcksek kamu yarar\u0131\u201d<\/em> dikkate al\u0131nmak kayd\u0131yla, tabii ki orman alanlar\u0131nda da turizm yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131labilir. Ancak hi\u00e7bir k\u0131s\u0131tlama olmadan \u201cher orman alan\u0131nda turizm yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131r<\/em>\u201d, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Buna \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc arazi kullan\u0131m ilkeleri \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bir uzmanlar heyeti, il veya havza gibi geni\u015f alanlar\u0131 baz alarak planlay\u0131p karar vermelidir. Ancak o zaman Anayasa mahkemesinin karar\u0131na uygun olarak, <<turizm yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in orman arazilerinden ba\u015fka alternatifinin olup, olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/em>>> konusunda sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir karar verilebilir.<\/p>\n

    \"\" \"\"<\/p>\n

    Yanan orman alanlar\u0131nda verilen izinler<\/h2>\n

    \u00dclkemizde y\u0131lda yakla\u015f\u0131k 2 bin adet orman yang\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar ve her yang\u0131nda ortalama 5 hektar orman alan\u0131 yanar. Y\u0131lda yanan yakla\u015f\u0131k 8-10 bin hektarl\u0131k orman alan\u0131 ise hemen a\u011fa\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Anayasan\u0131n 169. Maddesine g\u00f6re:<\/p>\n

    \u201c…Devlet, ormanlar\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ve sahalar\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015fletilmesi i\u00e7in gerekli kanunlar\u0131 koyar ve tedbirleri al\u0131r. Yanan ormanlar\u0131n yerinde yeni orman yeti\u015ftirilir<\/u>, bu yerlerde ba\u015fka \u00e7e\u015fit tar\u0131m ve hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131lamaz. B\u00fct\u00fcn ormanlar\u0131n g\u00f6zetimi devlete aittir.\u201d<\/p>\n

    6831 Say\u0131l\u0131 Orman Kanunu\u2019nun 18. Maddesine g\u00f6re:<\/p>\n

    \u201c\u2026\u2026Yang\u0131n g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f ormanlarla<\/u>, gen\u00e7le\u015ftirmeye ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f veya a\u011fa\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131lan sahalarda ve baraj havzalar\u0131nda birinci f\u0131kradaki faaliyetlere hi\u00e7bir surette izin verilemez<\/u>.\u201d<\/p>\n

    \u2018Yeni T\u00fcrkiye<\/em>\u2019de Orman te\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n 1937 den beri hassasiyetle uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cyanan alan\u0131n hemen a\u011fa\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131\u201d prensibi savsaklanarak, Anayasa ve kanun h\u00fckm\u00fcne ra\u011fmen, bir\u00e7ok izin verilmi\u015ftir. Yukar\u0131da Mu\u011fla-Milas-G\u00fcvercinlik mevkiinde yanan bir orman alan\u0131na kurulan otellerin sadece biri g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

    Korunan alanlar da ticarile\u015ftirildi<\/h2>\n

    \u00dclkemizde 2873 say\u0131l\u0131 milli Parklar Kanunu gere\u011fince \u00e7e\u015fitli koruma stat\u00fcleri kazand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, toplam alan\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 5,4 milyon Ha. olan 1572 adet korunan alan oldu\u011funa \u00f6nceki b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerde de\u011finmi\u015ftik. Di\u011fer orman alanlar\u0131na nazaran ek koruma kalkan\u0131na sahip bu alanlar\u0131n \u00fczerindeki ticari maksatl\u0131 kullan\u0131m k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131 da yeni d\u00fczenlemelerle kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Deyim yerindeyse \u201cyolge\u00e7en han\u0131na\u201d d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrme kolayl\u0131klar\u0131 artt\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00dc\u00e7 \u00f6rnek verelim;<\/p>\n

    \u00d6rnek-1<\/em>: 2004 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan 5177 say\u0131l\u0131 yasan\u0131n 7 maddesi ile 3213 say\u0131l\u0131 \u201cmaden kanunu<\/em>\u201d nda bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik yap\u0131larak, maden arama ve \u00e7\u0131karma alanlar\u0131 alabildi\u011fine geni\u015fletilerek, 2873 say\u0131l\u0131 \u201cmilli parklar kanunu\u201d nun 2nci maddesine g\u00f6re, bir\u00e7ok korunan alan ve <<sadece bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve e\u011fitim amac\u0131yla yararlan\u0131labilecek tabiat\u0131 koruma alanlar\u0131<\/em>>> bile madencilik sekt\u00f6r\u00fcne a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Madde \u015f\u00f6yle;<\/p>\n

    \u201dOrman, muhafaza orman\u0131, a\u011fa\u00e7land\u0131rma alanlar\u0131, kara avc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 alanlar\u0131, \u00f6zel koruma b\u00f6lgeleri, milli parklar, tabiat parklar\u0131, tabiat an\u0131t\u0131,<\/em> tabiat\u0131 koruma alan\u0131, tar\u0131m, mera, sit alanlar\u0131, su havzalar\u0131, k\u0131y\u0131 alanlar\u0131 ve sahil \u015feritleri, karasular\u0131, turizm b\u00f6lgeleri, alanlar\u0131 ve merkezleri ile k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve turizm koruma ve geli\u015fim b\u00f6lgeleri, asker\u00ee yasak b\u00f6lgeler ve imar alanlar\u0131 ile m\u00fccavir alanlarda madencilik faaliyetlerinin \u00e7evresel etki de\u011ferlendirmesi, gayri s\u0131hh\u00ee m\u00fcesseseler ile ilgili hususlar dahil hangi esaslara g\u00f6re y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclece\u011fi ilgili bakanl\u0131klar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc al\u0131narak Bakanlar Kurulu taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lacak bir y\u00f6netmelikle belirlenir.<\/em>\u201d<\/p>\n

    \u00d6rnek-2<\/em>: 9-5-2008 de 5762 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunla 1984 tarih ve 3996 say\u0131l\u0131 \u201cBaz\u0131 Yat\u0131r\u0131m ve Hizmetlerin Yap-\u0130\u015flet-Devret Modeli \u00c7er\u00e7evesinde Yapt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 Hakk\u0131ndan Kanun<\/em>\u201d <\/strong>un 2\/maddesinde de\u011fi\u015fiklik yap\u0131larak, korunan alanlarda da\u00a0 \u201cyap-i\u015flet-devret<\/em>\u201d modeli ile yabanc\u0131 \u015firketlerin bile ticari yap\u0131la\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n yolu a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmaktad\u0131r. 2873 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunun 2 ve 10 maddelerine g\u00f6re buralarda bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rmadan ba\u015fka hi\u00e7bir faaliyet yap\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131na dair h\u00fck\u00fcm ile \u00e7eli\u015fikli\u011fi de bir ba\u015fka garabet olarak ortada durmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \u00d6rnek-3<\/em>: 2003 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan 4999 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunun 8 maddesiyle 6831 say\u0131l\u0131 kanuna \u015fu Ek-madde-8 eklenmi\u015ftir; \u201cMilli parklar kanununa tabi alanlarda bulunan yerler ile bu yerler \u00fczerindeki yap\u0131 ve tesisiler yirmi dokuz y\u0131la kadar kiraya verilebilir. Ancak kirac\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7evre ve Orman bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nca belirlenen yerlerde kiralanan alan miktar\u0131n\u0131n 5 kat\u0131 kadar a\u011fa\u00e7land\u0131rma yapmas\u0131 zorunludur<\/em>.\u201d<\/p>\n

    Buna dayanarak, \u201cBolu G\u00f6lc\u00fck Tabiat Park\u0131<\/em>\u201d 29 y\u0131ll\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00f6nce Bolu belediyesine devrediliyor, onlar da bir \u00f6zel \u015firkete kiral\u0131yorlar. Bu muvazaal\u0131 i\u015flem ile bir tabiat park\u0131 rant\u0131 da ticarile\u015ftirilmi\u015f olmaktad\u0131r. 29 y\u0131lda bu park\u0131n kimli\u011fini yitirece\u011fini bilmek i\u00e7in k\u00e2hin olmaya gerek yok san\u0131r\u0131m. \u015eimdiden resimlerde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi tabiat park\u0131 bungalovlar yap\u0131larak delik de\u015fik edilmi\u015ftir. Kabul g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f normlara g\u00f6re b\u00f6yle bir korunan alanda insanlar\u0131n kurals\u0131z dola\u015fmalar\u0131na bile izin verilmez iken a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki resimlerdeki g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler ormanc\u0131l\u0131k ve \u00e7evrecilik ad\u0131na ger\u00e7ekten y\u00fcz karas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \"\" \"\" \"\"<\/p>\n

    Di\u011fer taraftan kiralanan alan\u0131n 5 kat\u0131 a\u011fa\u00e7land\u0131rma yap\u0131lmas\u0131 zorunlulu\u011fu \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6re do\u011fa rant\u0131 devrini kamufle etmek i\u00e7in konmu\u015f g\u00f6stermelik h\u00fck\u00fcmd\u00fcr. Zira yap\u0131lacak a\u011fa\u00e7land\u0131rman\u0131n, nerede olaca\u011f\u0131, tesisten sonra bak\u0131m ve koruma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ne kadar s\u00fcrece\u011fi, \u0130darenin ne zaman teslim alaca\u011f\u0131, tesisin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 halinde hangi m\u00fceyyidelerin uygulanaca\u011f\u0131 bilinmemektedir. Hi\u00e7bir \u015fey net de\u011fil.<\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    Yukar\u0131dan beri son 10-15 y\u0131lda yap\u0131lan mevzuat d\u00fczenlemeleri ile ormanlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ve di\u011fer do\u011fal kaynaklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ticarile\u015ftirilip, sermayenin hoyrat\u00e7a kullan\u0131m\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. Ancak Say\u0131n Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131m\u0131z gelinen noktay\u0131 \u00e7ok daha g\u00fczel \u00f6zetlemi\u015fler.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Orman alanlar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki yol in\u015fa ve enerji hatt\u0131 tesisi, maden arama ve i\u015fletme izinleri, t\u00fcccar mant\u0131\u011f\u0131na dayanan ve \u00e7evresel kayg\u0131lar\u0131 dikkate almayan bir yakla\u015f\u0131mla verilirken Turizme destek ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda betonla\u015fan koylara g\u00f6z yumuluyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":51,"featured_media":5894,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_ef_editorial_meta_date_first-draft-date":"","_ef_editorial_meta_paragraph_assignment":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[2,67],"tags":[572,564,588],"coauthors":[148],"class_list":["post-5819","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel","category-tehditler","tag-orman-kanunu","tag-ormancilik","tag-turizm"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5819","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/51"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5819"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5819\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5894"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5819"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5819"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5819"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=5819"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}