{"id":6937,"date":"2019-04-19T19:30:00","date_gmt":"2019-04-19T16:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/?p=6937&#038;preview=true&#038;preview_id=6937"},"modified":"2019-04-19T18:08:44","modified_gmt":"2019-04-19T15:08:44","slug":"tehcire-dair-amerikan-kaynaklarinin-genel-bir-degerlendirmesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/tehcire-dair-amerikan-kaynaklarinin-genel-bir-degerlendirmesi\/","title":{"rendered":"Tehcire dair Amerikan kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n genel bir de\u011ferlendirmesi"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"attachment_6969\" style=\"width: 810px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6969\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-6969 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/bartonjl01-e1555684249363.jpg\" alt=\" James L. Barton\" width=\"800\" height=\"624\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-6969\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bug\u00fcn Ermeni tarih\u00e7isi ve propagandac\u0131lar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan s\u00f6zde soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 kan\u0131tlamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan misyoner raporlar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 sava\u015f\u0131n bitiminden sonra T\u00fcrkiye aleyhine koz olarak kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere ABCFM ba\u015fkan\u0131 James L. Barton taraf\u0131ndan yazd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><em>Bu yaz\u0131, Marmara \u00dcniversitesi T\u00fcrkler ve Ermeniler: <\/em><br \/>\n<em>Tarih Boyunca T\u00fcrk-Ermeni \u0130li\u015fkileri Projesi kapsam\u0131nda, <\/em><br \/>\n<em>Prof. Dr. Kemal \u00c7i\u00e7ek taraf\u0131ndan kaleme al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Ermenilerin tehciri, sebepleri ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 konusunda Osmanl\u0131 resmi belgelerinden sonra en de\u011ferli kaynaklar hi\u00e7 ku\u015fkusuz Amerikan diplomat yaz\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ve misyoner raporlar\u0131d\u0131r. Alman ve Avusturya belgeleri de \u00f6nemlidir. Ancak onlar Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun sava\u015fta m\u00fcttefikleri oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in belgeler \u2013 baz\u0131 yazarlar\u0131n iddialar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u2013 sans\u00fcrlenmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca, kamuoyu olu\u015fturma konusunda \u0130ngiltere propaganda dairesinin \u00fczerinde yo\u011fun olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 kaynaklar Amerikan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bile s\u00f6zde soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n kan\u0131tlar\u0131 olarak ortaya konulan belgelerin \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Amerikan diplomat ve misyonerlerine aittir. Amerikan belgelerini tehcir konusunda ba\u015fvurulmas\u0131 gereken birincil kaynak yapan ise Amerikan diplomat ve misyonerlerinin tart\u0131\u015fma konusu olan d\u00f6nemde Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu&#8217;nda \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 yerlerde ve \u00e7ok say\u0131da olmalar\u0131d\u0131r. 1 Nisan 1917 tarihine, yani Amerika\u2019n\u0131n Almanya\u2019ya resmen sava\u015f ilan etmesine kadar, Amerikan diplomat ve misyonerleri tehcirin en \u00f6nemli takip\u00e7isi, g\u00f6zlemcisi ve hatta yard\u0131m faaliyetlerindeki durumlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131rsak, uygulay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olmu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>&#8220;As\u0131ls\u0131z iddialar T\u00fcrkiye aleyhine koz olarak kullan\u0131mak \u00fczere yazd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r&#8221;<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Ancak bu \u00f6neme dikkat \u00e7ekildikten sonra, Amerikan belgeleriyle ilgili vurgulanmas\u0131 gereken bir nokta vard\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle bug\u00fcn Ermeni tarih\u00e7isi ve propagandac\u0131lar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan s\u00f6zde soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 kan\u0131tlamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan misyoner raporlar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 sava\u015f\u0131n bitiminden sonra T\u00fcrkiye aleyhine koz olarak kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM) ba\u015fkan\u0131 James L. Barton taraf\u0131ndan yazd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Amerikan tehcir kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 grupta de\u011ferlendirmek gerekir.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Tehcir esnas\u0131nda Anadolu\u2019da g\u00f6rev yapan diplomatlar\u0131n el\u00e7ili\u011fe veya D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na yazd\u0131klar\u0131 resmi ve gizli raporlar,<\/li>\n<li>Yard\u0131m kurulu\u015flar\u0131 veya Amerikan okullar\u0131nda g\u00f6rev yapan misyonerlerin rapor ve hat\u0131ratlar\u0131,<\/li>\n<li>Sava\u015f sonras\u0131nda g\u00f6rev yapanlara yazd\u0131r\u0131lan tan\u0131k ifadeleri ve hat\u0131ratlar.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><strong>Ermeni terc\u00fcmanlar\u0131n belgelerdeki etkisi\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Birinci maddede s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen belgelerin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Morgenthau kanal\u0131yla Amerika D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6nderilmi\u015ftir. Morgenthau Kas\u0131m 1913-\u015eubat 1916 tarihleri aras\u0131nda el\u00e7ilik yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130stanbul\u2019da her zaman iki Ermeni yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n etkisinde kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. As\u0131l mesle\u011fi emlak yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve m\u00fcteahhitliktir. Bu nedenle diplomasi deneyimi ve bilgisi de yoktu. Ne T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ne de Frans\u0131zca gibi g\u00f6revini hakk\u0131yla yerine getirebilmesi i\u00e7in gerekli dilleri bilmemekteydi. Morgenthau\u2019nun bu zaaflar\u0131n\u0131 Ermeni katipleri \u00e7ok iyi de\u011ferlendirmi\u015f ve onu Ermeni davas\u0131na hizmet eden bir diplomat haline getirmi\u015flerdir (Morgenthau, 2004). Amerikan el\u00e7isi olarak tehcir ve uygulamas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda konsolos ve misyonerlerden gelen raporlar\u0131 kendi g\u00f6zlemlerini de katarak s\u0131kl\u0131kla merkeze iletmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6669\" style=\"width: 765px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6669\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-6669 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Henry-Morgenthau-ve-b\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7i-Morgenthaunun-\u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc...png\" alt=\"Henry Morgenthau ve kitab\u0131 &quot;B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7i Morgenthau'nun Hikayesi&quot;\" width=\"755\" height=\"598\" srcset=\"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Henry-Morgenthau-ve-b\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7i-Morgenthaunun-\u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc...png 755w, https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Henry-Morgenthau-ve-b\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7i-Morgenthaunun-\u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc..-150x119.png 150w, https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Henry-Morgenthau-ve-b\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7i-Morgenthaunun-\u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc..-300x238.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 755px) 100vw, 755px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-6669\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Henry Morgenthau ve kitab\u0131 &#8220;B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7i Morgenthau&#8217;nun Hikayesi&#8221;<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Bununla birlikte el\u00e7ili\u011fin raporlar\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l haz\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 Heath Lowry eserinde (Lowry, 2001) \u00e7ok ikna edici bir \u015fekilde ortaya koymu\u015ftur. El\u00e7ilik raporlar\u0131n\u0131n Morgenthau\u2019nun iki Ermeni katibi taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 bu belgelere ku\u015fkuyla yakla\u015fmam\u0131z i\u00e7in yeterli sebeptir. Ancak \u00e7ok daha \u00f6nemlisi konsoloslar\u0131n da yazd\u0131klar\u0131 raporlarda Ermeni yard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n pay\u0131 oldu\u011fudur. Unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r ki, konsolosluk terc\u00fcmanlar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu \u0130ngilizce bilen Bat\u0131da okumu\u015f Ermeni gen\u00e7lerinden se\u00e7ilmi\u015ftir. Bunlar genelde hi\u00e7 T\u00fcrk\u00e7e bilmeyen konsoloslar\u0131 yazd\u0131klar\u0131 raporlarla y\u00f6nlendirmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n<p>Terc\u00fcmanlar\u0131n tesad\u00fcfen konsolosluk \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131 olamayacaklar\u0131, o d\u00f6nemde Anadolu\u2019da Ermeni siyasi partilerinin etkinli\u011fi g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6z\u00fckmemektedir. Kanaatimizce, Amerika\u2019y\u0131 sava\u015fa ikna etmek i\u00e7in Ermeni tehcirini kullanan \u0130ngiliz propaganda dairesi, Ta\u015fnak ve H\u0131n\u00e7ak partilerinin de yard\u0131m\u0131yla adamlar\u0131n\u0131 ABD konsolosluklar\u0131na yerle\u015ftirmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130zmir Amerikan konsolosu Philip Hoffman ve Beyrut konsolosu Mr. Hollis\u2019in yazd\u0131klar\u0131 birka\u00e7 raporda Ermeni terc\u00fcmanlar\u0131n g\u00fcvenilmezli\u011finden yak\u0131nd\u0131klar\u0131 belgelere yans\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ne yaz\u0131k ki, hen\u00fcz o d\u00f6nemde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bulunan konsolosluklar hakk\u0131nda monografik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bu konudaki muhtemel delilleri \u015fimdilik ortaya koymak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Fakat \u00f6zellikle B\u00fckre\u015f\u2019te \u00fcstlenen Ta\u015fnak Enformasyon b\u00fcrosunun haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 uydurma propaganda raporlar\u0131n\u0131n el\u00e7ilik ve konsolosluk raporuna d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc taraf\u0131m\u0131zdan tespit edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Misyonerlerin uydurma hat\u0131ralar\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Amerikan diplomatlar\u0131n\u0131n raporlar\u0131n\u0131n genelde ekinde yer alan ve ikinci grupta de\u011ferlendirdi\u011fimiz misyoner raporlar\u0131 ve hat\u0131ratlar ise, tehcir esnas\u0131nda \u00e7ekilen s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 tasvir etmesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan s\u0131kl\u0131kla kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Do\u011frusu misyonerlerin Anadolu\u2019nun pek \u00e7ok \u00fccra yerinde g\u00f6rev yapm\u0131\u015f olmalar\u0131 tarih\u00e7iler i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir \u015fanst\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7ta Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu ile sava\u015fa giren Bat\u0131l\u0131 diplomat ve misyonerlerin s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 edilmelerinden sonra olaylara en yak\u0131n kalan Bat\u0131l\u0131 g\u00f6zlemciler onlard\u0131r. Say\u0131lar\u0131 hi\u00e7 de az\u0131msanmayacak kadar fazlad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>ABCFM verilerine g\u00f6re sava\u015f \u00f6ncesinde Anadolu\u2019da 145 misyoner y\u00fczlerce merkezde g\u00f6rev yapmaktayd\u0131. Kendilerine 800 kadar yerli H\u0131ristiyan yard\u0131mc\u0131 oluyordu ve bunlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu Ermenilerdi (Barton, 1930). Ne var ki, misyonerlerin \u00e7o\u011fu kez yazd\u0131klar\u0131 olaylara tan\u0131k olmadan, ba\u011flant\u0131da olduklar\u0131 Ermenilerin a\u011fz\u0131ndan bilgi verdikleri g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7maktad\u0131r. Ger\u00e7ekten de misyonerlerin yazd\u0131klar\u0131 ciddi bir analize tabi tutuldu\u011funda do\u011frudan tan\u0131k olduklar\u0131 olaylar\u0131n son derece az ve s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bir alana ait oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Ancak, yine dikkat \u00e7ekicidir ki, misyonerlerin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 gerek g\u00f6zlem raporlar\u0131nda gerekse de hat\u0131ratlar\u0131nda pek \u00e7ok olay\u0131 tan\u0131km\u0131\u015f gibi tasvir etmektedirler. Buna ra\u011fmen ele\u015ftirel bir g\u00f6z, raporu dikkatle okudu\u011funda tan\u0131k olunan de\u011fil, tan\u0131k oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyenlerin tan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n anlat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kolayl\u0131kla g\u00f6recektir.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>&#8220;Anadolu H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131 asla tecrit hayat\u0131 s\u00fcrmemi\u015flerdir&#8221;<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc grupta de\u011ferlendirdi\u011fimiz ve 1918 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren James L. Barton taraf\u0131ndan misyonerlerin yeminli raporlar\u0131 \u015feklinde ortaya konan kaynak grubu ise olaylar\u0131n \u00fczerinden 3-4 sene ge\u00e7tikten sonra kaleme al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in pek \u00e7ok maddi hata i\u00e7ermektedir (Barton, 1998). Bu belgelere ele\u015ftirel bir g\u00f6zle bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yer, tarih ve ki\u015filerin birbirleriyle kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha kolay tespit edilebilmektedir. Ancak \u00e7ok daha \u00f6nemlisi, bu tan\u0131k ifadeleri maksatl\u0131 olarak yazd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>I. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n bitiminden sonra ve Paris Bar\u0131\u015f Konferans\u0131 \u00f6ncesinde Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131nda ya\u015fayan Ermenilerin ma\u011fdur olduklar\u0131n\u0131, katliama u\u011frad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve devlet kurma haklar\u0131n\u0131n ellerinden al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcren Ermeni lobisi, konferansa kat\u0131lan \u00fclke delegasyonlar\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00f6zellikle kamuoyunu ikna etmek i\u00e7in abart\u0131lm\u0131\u015f tehcir hikayelerine gereksinim duymu\u015ftur. Bu y\u00fczden Ermenilerin su\u00e7lu ve tahrik edici olduklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren hi\u00e7bir tasvir bu misyoner raporlar\u0131nda yer almam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hemen, b\u00fct\u00fcn tan\u0131k ifadeleri tehcir esnas\u0131nda Ermenilerin \u00e7ektikleri s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131, tutuklamalar\u0131 ve tan\u0131k olunmayan ama duyulan katliamlar\u0131 yazm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Say\u0131lar\u0131 Ermenilerden \u00e7ok daha fazla olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen M\u00fcsl\u00fcman m\u00fcltecilerin dram\u0131 bu ifadelere veya raporlara \u00e7ok \u00e7ok az yans\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Misyonerler yaz\u0131klar\u0131yla kafalar\u0131nda adeta bir \u201cgetto\u201d meydana getirmi\u015flerdir: Halbuki Anadolu H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131 bu t\u00fcr bir tecrit hayat\u0131 asla s\u00fcrmemi\u015flerdir. Mesela Kafkasya\u2019dan s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilen ve yollarda a\u00e7l\u0131k, susuzluk ve salg\u0131n hastal\u0131klardan dolay\u0131 Ermenilerden fazla kay\u0131p veren M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n trajedisi, misyonerler raporlar\u0131na hi\u00e7 yans\u0131mamaktad\u0131r (McCarthy, 1998). Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla misyoner raporlar\u0131 ve sava\u015f sonras\u0131 kaleme al\u0131nan tan\u0131k ifadeleri duygu s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fc yapmak ve Ermenilere sempati duyulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla kaleme al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n ya\u015fanan olaylar\u0131 t\u00fcm \u00e7\u0131plakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile yans\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenemez.<\/p>\n<p>Nitekim Amiral Bristol de raporlar\u0131nda s\u0131kl\u0131kla misyonerlerin tehcir s\u0131ras\u0131nda tek tarafl\u0131, tutars\u0131z, ger\u00e7ek d\u0131\u015f\u0131, abart\u0131l\u0131 ve yanl\u0131\u015f y\u00f6nlendirici bilgilerle kamuoylar\u0131n\u0131 yan\u0131ltt\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan yak\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bununla birlikte ku\u015fkuyla bak\u0131lmak ko\u015fuluyla Amerikan belgeleri, Ermeni tehcirinin daha iyi anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 elzem bir kaynak grubudur. Bir tarih\u00e7i i\u00e7in bu belgelerin kullan\u0131m\u0131ndaki en tehlikeli tuzak, bu raporlar\u0131 mahkeme tutana\u011f\u0131 gibi ger\u00e7ek bir hukuki belge olarak ve T\u00fcrk milletinin ge\u00e7mi\u015fini mahkum etmek amac\u0131yla kullanmakt\u0131r. Amerikan belgeleri Osmanl\u0131 belgeleriyle birlikte kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, tehcir hakk\u0131nda bug\u00fcn Ermeni tarih\u00e7ili\u011finin ortaya att\u0131\u011f\u0131 pek \u00e7ok ger\u00e7ek d\u0131\u015f\u0131 detaya a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k kazand\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Yaz\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 kaynak:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/turksandarmenians.marmara.edu.tr\/tr\/tehcire-dair-amerikan-kaynaklarinin-genel-bir-degerlendirmesi\/\">http:\/\/turksandarmenians.marmara.edu.tr\/tr\/tehcire-dair-amerikan-kaynaklarinin-genel-bir-degerlendirmesi\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Kaynak\u00e7a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Barton, James L. (1930).\u00a0<em>Story of Near East Relief (1915-1930), An Interpretation<\/em>, New York<\/p>\n<p>Barton, James L. (1998).\u00a0<em>Turkish Atrocities: Statements of American Missionaries on the Destruction of Christian Communities Ottoman Turkey<\/em>, Michigan<\/p>\n<p>Lowry, Heath W. (2001).\u00a0<em>The Story Behind Ambassador Morgenthau\u2019s Story<\/em>, \u0130stanbul<\/p>\n<p>McCarthy, Justin (1998).\u00a0<em>\u00d6l\u00fcm ve S\u00fcrg\u00fcn: Osmanl\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131na Kar\u015f\u0131 Y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen Ulus Olarak Temizleme \u0130\u015flemi 1821-1922<\/em>, \u0130stanbul<\/p>\n<p>Morgenthau, Henry (2004).\u00a0<em>United States Diplomacy on the Bosphorus: The Diaries of Ambassador Morgenthau<\/em>, Gomidas Institute[:en]<\/p>\n<p>Barton, James L. (1930).\u00a0<em>Story of Near East Relief (1915-1930), An Interpretation<\/em>, New York<\/p>\n<p>Barton, James L. (1998).\u00a0<em>Turkish Atrocities: Statements of American Missionaries on the Destruction of Christian Communities Ottoman Turkey<\/em>, Michigan<\/p>\n<p>Lowry, Heath W. (2001).\u00a0<em>The Story Behind Ambassador Morgenthau\u2019s Story<\/em>, \u0130stanbul<\/p>\n<p>McCarthy, Justin (1998).\u00a0<em>\u00d6l\u00fcm ve S\u00fcrg\u00fcn: Osmanl\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131na Kar\u015f\u0131 Y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen Ulus Olarak Temizleme \u0130\u015flemi 1821-1922<\/em>, \u0130stanbul<\/p>\n<p>Morgenthau, Henry (2004).\u00a0<em>United States Diplomacy on the Bosphorus: The Diaries of Ambassador Morgenthau<\/em>, Gomidas Institute<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As\u0131ls\u0131z Ermeni iddialar\u0131n\u0131n \u201ckan\u0131t\u0131\u201d olarak sunulan propaganda amac\u0131yla yaz\u0131lan belgeler, iftiralarla doludur. Konuyla ilgili Amerikan raporlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu ABCFM Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Barton taraf\u0131ndan sava\u015ftan sonra T\u00fcrkiye aleyhine kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere yazd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":6971,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[2,66],"tags":[814,813,738,812,815,646],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v16.0.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Tehcire dair Amerikan kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n genel bir de\u011ferlendirmesi - M\u0130SAK- Mill\u00ee Strateji Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurulu<\/title>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/tehcire-dair-amerikan-kaynaklarinin-genel-bir-degerlendirmesi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tehcire dair Amerikan kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n genel bir de\u011ferlendirmesi - M\u0130SAK- Mill\u00ee Strateji Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurulu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"As\u0131ls\u0131z Ermeni iddialar\u0131n\u0131n \u201ckan\u0131t\u0131\u201d olarak sunulan propaganda amac\u0131yla yaz\u0131lan belgeler, iftiralarla doludur. 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