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19. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131nda, Avrupa kamuoyunda dile getirilip, bir sosyal olgu olarak ortaya at\u0131lan Ermeni Meselesi, 1877-78 Osmanl\u0131 Rus Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131nda \u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131r \u015fartlarla imzalanan Berlin Anla\u015fmas\u0131 ile siyasi bir platforma ta\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, Paris Antla\u015fmas\u0131 ile Avrupal\u0131 devletler hukukundan faydalanaca\u011f\u0131 ifade edilerek bir Avrupal\u0131 devlet kabul edilen Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin i\u00e7 meselesi, bu sayede di\u011fer Avrupal\u0131 devletlerin de meselesi haline gelmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n
Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019ni par\u00e7alamak amac\u0131yla yarat\u0131lan \u2018<\/strong>Ermeni Meselesi<\/em>\u2019<\/em><\/strong> \u015eark Meselesi\u2019nin unsurlar\u0131ndan bir tanesidir.[1]<\/a> Bu meselenin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131nda ve Ermeni ter\u00f6r\u00fcnde Ermeni Komiteleri kadar \u0130ngiltere, Rusya, Fransa ve ABD gibi devletler kilit rol oynam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden, Ermeni ter\u00f6r\u00fcnden de birinci derece sorumludurlar. Ermeni Meselesi\u2019nin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131nda Ermeni Kilisesi ve okullar\u0131 da aktif rol alm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n Hi\u00e7 ku\u015fkusuz, y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki Ermeniler\u2019le M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar bar\u0131\u015f ve huzur i\u00e7inde bir arada ya\u015fam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Ticaret, sanat ve kuyumculuk \u00a0erbab\u0131 olan\u00a0Ermeniler, refah ve bolluk i\u00e7inde bir hayat s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015flerdir. Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nde devlet kademelerinde \u00f6nemli g\u00f6revlere getirilen Ermeniler, \u0130stihbarat te\u015fkilat\u0131[2]<\/a>, Darphane ve Baruthane gibi \u00f6nemli kurumlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7mi\u015flerdir. Ayr\u0131ca, 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131ndan itibaren Avrupal\u0131 devletlerin k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmas\u0131yla Balkanlardaki bir\u00e7ok az\u0131nl\u0131k isyan ederken Ermeniler b\u00f6yle bir isyan\u0131 ak\u0131llar\u0131ndan bile ge\u00e7irmemi\u015flerdi. Bu y\u00fczden Ermeniler, Osmanl\u0131 y\u00f6netimince \u201cmillet-i s\u00e2d\u0131ka\u201d (sad\u0131k millet)<\/em> olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Rus \u00c7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Ermeni \u00e7etelerinin yard\u0131m\u0131yla Akdeniz\u2019e inmenin hayalini kurarken, \u0130ngiltere de Ermen \u00e7etelerini kullanarak Rus \u00c7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Akdeniz\u2019e inmesini engellemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, Ermeniler\u2019in ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 co\u011frafya iki b\u00fcy\u00fck devletin \u00e7eki\u015fme alan\u0131 olmu\u015f, b\u00f6lgede ya\u015fayan Ermeniler ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar bu \u00e7eki\u015fmeden zarar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n 1877-78 Osmanl\u0131-Rus Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda Ermeni \u00e7etelerinden istifade etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Rus \u00c7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131, sava\u015f sonras\u0131 toplanan Berlin Konferans\u0131\u2019nda Ermenileri g\u00fcndeme getirerek Ermeni meselesinin uluslararas\u0131 bir mahiyet kazanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Rus \u00c7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131lan ve desteklenen Ta\u015fnak \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc[3]<\/a>, silahl\u0131 komiteler te\u015fkil ederek, Do\u011fu Anadolu\u2019da M\u00fcsl\u00fcman halka bask\u0131 yapmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ermeni \u00e7etelerinin faaliyetleri 1. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131yla yo\u011funluk kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin bir\u00e7ok cephede m\u00fccadele etmesini f\u0131rsat bilen Ermeni \u00e7eteleri,<\/em> Ruslarla i\u015f birli\u011fi yaparak Do\u011fu Anadolu\u2019da isyan \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015flar ve b\u00f6lgedeki sivil halk\u0131 katletmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Osmanl\u0131 y\u00f6netiminin b\u00fct\u00fcn ikazlar\u0131na ra\u011fmen Ermeni \u00e7eteleri bu faaliyetlerinden vazge\u00e7memi\u015f hatta kendilerine destek vermeyen Ermenileri bile \u00f6ld\u00fcrmekten \u00e7ekinmemi\u015flerdir. Ermeni \u00e7eteleri, Sar\u0131kam\u0131\u015f Harek\u00e2t\u0131\u2019nda cephede a\u00e7 kalan askerlerimize erzak g\u00f6nderilmesine de engel olmu\u015flard\u0131r. Bu geli\u015fmeler \u00fczerine Osmanl\u0131 y\u00f6netimi olaylar\u0131 organize eden \u0130stanbul\u2019daki\u00a0Ermeni komite<\/em>\u00a0liderlerini tutuklam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (24 Nisan 1915).<\/p>\n T\u00fcrk Devleti, \u00f6l\u00fcm kal\u0131m sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n verildi\u011fi bir ortamda Ermeni \u00e7eteleriyle u\u011fra\u015fmak zorunda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu beka sorunu kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 H\u00fck\u00fcmeti, \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 Sevk ve \u0130sk\u00e2n Kanunu ile (27 May\u0131s 1915) olaylara kar\u0131\u015fan Ermeniler\u2019le onlara yard\u0131m edenleri \u00fclkenin daha sakin bir b\u00f6lgeye, Suriye\u2019ye tehcir ettirme karar\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu tehcir, kesinlikle bir s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 etme olay\u0131 de\u011fildir. Zira bu olayda, kendi otoritesini ve halk\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flamakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc olan devlet, su\u00e7 i\u015fleyen gruplarla onlara yard\u0131m edenleri \u00fclke s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisindeki ba\u015fka bir b\u00f6lgeye nakletmi\u015ftir. Elbette tehcir \u00a0esnas\u0131nda \u00e7\u00f6l s\u0131caklar\u0131ndan, yolculu\u011fun a\u011f\u0131r \u015fartlar\u0131ndan, bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 hastal\u0131klardan ve e\u015fk\u0131ya sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131ndan hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybeden Ermeniler olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkler ve Ermeniler as\u0131rlar boyunca birbirlerinin bayram\u0131n\u0131 tebrik etmi\u015f, sofras\u0131nda yemeklerini payla\u015fm\u0131\u015f, h\u00fcz\u00fcnlerine ortak olmu\u015f, evlerinin anahtar\u0131n\u0131 birbirlerine teslim edecek kadar dostluk geli\u015ftirmi\u015flerdir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin de\u011fi\u015fik b\u00f6lgelerinde, T\u00fcrk ulusuyla birlikte huzur i\u00e7inde ya\u015fayan Ermeni as\u0131ll\u0131 vatanda\u015flar vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n Ermeni Meselesi dedi\u011fimiz konu, kesinlikle resmi ar\u015fiv belgeleri incelenmeden ele al\u0131nabilecek bir konu de\u011fildir. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan, konuyla ilgili bir nebze olsun, objektif ve ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 elde edebilmemiz i\u00e7in, \u00fclkemizin askeri tarih ve cumhuriyet tarihi konusundaki en \u00f6nemli kurumu Genelkurmay Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ATASE Ar\u015fivinde bulunan resmi belgeleri okumam\u0131z gerekmektedir.<\/em><\/p>\n 3. Ordu komutan\u0131 Mahmud K\u00e2mil Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n, Harbiye Nezareti\u2019ne g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi, Ermeni tehcirini ba\u015flatan \u015fifreli emri. 19 Haziran 1915 (Genelkurmay Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ATASE Ar\u015fivi A.V. :2, D:50, F: 1-22)<\/em><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>Belgenin terc\u00fcmesi:<\/p>\n \u201c\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Ordu Kumandan\u0131 Mahmud K\u00e2mil Pa\u015fa\u2019dan gelen 6\/4\/331 (1915) tarihli \u015fifre:<\/em><\/p>\n Harbiye Nez\u00e2reti Tahr\u00eer\u00e2t Dairesi, Tahr\u00eer\u00e2t Kalemi.<\/em><\/p>\n Mahrem ve z\u00e2ta mahsustur.<\/em><\/p>\n \u015eark d\u00e2r\u00fc\u2019l-harbi Erzurum, Trabzon, Van, Bitlis, Ma\u2019m\u00fbret\u00fc\u2019laziz, Diyarbekir, Sivas vil\u00e2yetlerinden ibaret olub harek\u00e2t-\u0131 harbiye bu sahada ….. etmekte oldu\u011fu gibi, ordunun muhta\u00e7 oldu\u011fu mev\u00e2dd-\u0131 i\u00e2\u015fe de bu vil\u00e2yetlerden ted\u00e2rik edilmektedir. Erzurum, Van, Bitlis vil\u00e2y\u00e2t\u0131 dahilindeki Ermeniler d\u00fc\u015fmana firar ve iltih\u00e2k ve \u00e7eteler te\u015fk\u00eeliyle yollar\u0131 kat\u2019, ah\u00e2l\u00eeyi kat\u2019 ve depolar\u0131 ya\u011fma ve tahr\u00eeb suretiyle izh\u00e2r-\u0131 m\u00e2hiyyet ettiler. Sivas, Diyarbak\u0131r, M\u00e2m\u00fbrat\u00fcl\u00e2ziz vil\u00e2y\u00e2t\u0131nda mesk\u00fbn Ermeniler\u2019in ayn\u0131 maksat ve emelde olduklar\u0131 elde edilen esliha, bomba, mev\u00e2dd-\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fta\u00eele ve meydana \u00e7\u0131kan te\u015fk\u00eel\u00e2t ve tert\u00eeb\u00e2tlar\u0131yla m\u00fctebeyyin ve \u00e2h\u0131ren Karahisar\u2019da zuh\u00fbr eden vak\u2019a ile m\u00fcsebbittir. Bin\u00e2enaleyh, orduyu i\u00e2\u015fe edecek m\u0131nt\u0131kan\u0131n ve menzil hududumuzun ge\u00e7ti\u011fi hav\u00e2l\u00eenin \u00e2m\u00e2l-i hasm\u00e2ne ile me\u015fbu\u2019 bu unsurla mesk\u00fbn bulunmas\u0131n\u0131 ordunun i\u00e2\u015fesi ve emniyeti nokta-i nazar\u0131ndan tehlikeli g\u00f6r\u00fcyorum. Ordu h\u00e2rici d\u00fc\u015fmana kem\u00e2l-i m\u00fc\u015fkil\u00e2tla mukavemet etti\u011fi bir anda ikm\u00e2l efrad\u0131n\u0131n ve kuv\u00e2-y\u0131 ced\u00eedesinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 husem\u00e2-y\u0131 d\u00e2hiliyeye ifr\u00e2z ederek b\u00fcy\u00fck bir tehlikeye mar\u00fbz kal\u0131yor. Bin\u00e2enaleyh istikb\u00e2len daha vahim ahv\u00e2l kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda kalmamak i\u00e7in \u015fimdiden m\u00e2rr\u2019\u00fcl- arz vil\u00e2yetlerdeki Ermeniler\u2019in de Zor ve Musul hav\u00e2l\u00eesine sevk ve isk\u00e2n\u0131na m\u00fcs\u00e2ade ve valilere bu b\u00e2bda orduca yap\u0131lacak tebligat\u0131n sekted\u00e2r edilmemesine inayet buyurulmas\u0131n\u0131 ve bu b\u00e2bdaki muv\u00e2fakat-\u0131 s\u00e2m\u00eelerinin s\u00fcr\u2019at-i i\u015f\u2019\u00e2r\u0131n\u0131 istirham eylerim\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n [1]<\/a> \u015eark Meselesi, T\u00fcrkler\u2019in Anadolu co\u011frafyas\u0131n\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye haline getirmeye ba\u015flad\u0131klar\u0131 tarihlerde ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f, 1815 Viyana Konferans\u0131\u2019nda da yine bizzat Bat\u0131l\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan ismi konulmu\u015ftur. \u0130sminden anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, \u015eark Meselesi T\u00fcrk Ulusuna ve devletine (Sel\u00e7uklu, Osmanl\u0131 imparatorluklar\u0131 ve T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti) kar\u015f\u0131 Avrupal\u0131lar ve son y\u00fczy\u0131llarda da Rusya taraf\u0131ndan takip edilen, temelinde Bat\u0131 emperyalizminin, T\u00fcrk d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 politikas\u0131n\u0131n ismidir. S\u00f6z konusu devletler hedeflerine varabilmek i\u00e7in her t\u00fcrl\u00fc metodu ve T\u00fcrk Devleti ve T\u00fcrk Ulusuna zarar verebilecek, her unsuru kullanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de kullanmaya devam etmektedirler. Bu unsurlardan bir tanesi de Ermeni-Ta\u015fnak ter\u00f6r\u00fcd\u00fcr. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, Ermeni Meselesi, Avrupal\u0131 devletler ve Rusya taraf\u0131ndan; Ermeni kilisesi, Ermeni komitalar\u0131, Bat\u0131l\u0131 ve Amerikal\u0131 misyonerler ve kand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir k\u0131s\u0131m Ermeni toplulu\u011funun kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/q.jpg\")
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