{"id":7338,"date":"2019-05-21T20:30:00","date_gmt":"2019-05-21T17:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/?p=7338&preview=true&preview_id=7338"},"modified":"2019-05-17T15:27:49","modified_gmt":"2019-05-17T12:27:49","slug":"irani-perslestiren-surec-devlet-kurma-cabalari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/irani-perslestiren-surec-devlet-kurma-cabalari\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130ran\u2019\u0131, Persle\u015ftiren s\u00fcre\u00e7: Devlet kurma \u00e7abalar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/h2>\n

T\u00fcrklerin \u0130ran\u2019\u0131nda, Pers kimli\u011fine dayal\u0131 devlet kurma \u00e7abalar\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u0130ngiltere; bu soyk\u0131r\u0131mla Kacar T\u00fcrk Devleti\u2019ni ve \u00fclkenin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funu olu\u015fturan T\u00fcrkleri ma\u011flup duruma d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrerek az\u0131nl\u0131k Fars dilli topluluklar\u0131n egemenli\u011fine dayal\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci \u201cPehlevi\u201d devletinin kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Burada belirtmek gerekiyor ki Rusya kendi i\u00e7 sorunlar\u0131yla me\u015fgul olsa da bu konuda \u2013 T\u00fcrk kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 uyduruk Pers kimlikli devletin kurulmas\u0131 –\u00a0 \u0130ngiltere ile ittifak i\u00e7inde olmu\u015ftur. Vladimir \u0130lyi\u00e7 Lenin 1917 y\u0131l\u0131 sosyalist devriminden sonra tek tarafl\u0131 olarak \u00c7arl\u0131k Rusyas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n dayatm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilik antla\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7ersiz oldu\u011funu ilan etmi\u015ftir, ama 1907 tarihli \u201c\u0130ran\u2019\u0131 taksim\u201d antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n kendisine denetim hakk\u0131 ve M\u00fcdahele Hakk\u0131 tan\u0131yan ilkelerinin ge\u00e7erlili\u011fini korumu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

\u0130ngiltere 9 A\u011fustos 1919 y\u0131l\u0131nda tam s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci antla\u015fma olan \u201cSiyasi ve Asker\u00ee Antla\u015fma\u201dyla \u0130ran\u2019\u0131 yaln\u0131z ba\u015f\u0131na ele ge\u00e7irmeye kalkm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci antla\u015fmay\u0131 Kacar T\u00fcrk Devleti\u2019nin Sadrazam\u0131 Vusukk\u00fc\u2019t-Devle ve iki di\u011fer Bakan imzalam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130mzalama kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bunlar\u0131n 400 bin T\u00fcmen para ald\u0131klar\u0131 belgelerle kan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sultan Ahmet \u015eah ise \u201cBen bu antla\u015fmay\u0131 imzalay\u0131p da burada \u015fah olmaktansa Paris sokaklar\u0131nda leblebi satmay\u0131 tercih ederim.\u201d diyerek \u015fiddetle kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Di\u011fer taraftan \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin \u0130ran\u2019\u0131 yaln\u0131z ba\u015f\u0131na ele ge\u00e7irme \u00e7abas\u0131na ABD, SSCB ve Fransa\u2019n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131 koymalar\u0131, antla\u015fman\u0131n iptal edilmesine neden olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

\u0130ngiltere bu olaydan sonra SSCB\u2019nin tam onay\u0131n\u0131 alarak Fars-Pers kimli\u011fine odaklanm\u0131\u015f kendine ba\u011fl\u0131 kesimlerle 21 \u015eubat 1921 darbesini tezg\u00e2hlam\u0131\u015f, R\u0131za Mirpen\u00e7\u2019in liderli\u011finde T\u00fcrk kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 Pehlevi s\u00fclalesinin ba\u015fa ge\u00e7mesini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu darbeden 5 g\u00fcn sonra Rusya ve \u0130ngiltere aras\u0131nda anla\u015fma yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u201c\u0130ran\u2019\u0131 Denetim B\u00f6lgelerine B\u00f6len Antla\u015fma\u201d \u0130ngiltere ajan\u0131 Ba\u015fbakan Seyyid Ziya Tabatabayi taraf\u0131ndan Moskova\u2019da devlet ad\u0131na imzalanarak y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe konulmu\u015ftur. Bu Moskova\u2019da imzalanan 26 \u015eubat 1921 tarihli antla\u015fmad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu antla\u015fmaya g\u00f6re \u0130ngiltere ile SSCB, \u0130ran\u2019\u0131 bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak g\u00f6rmektedir. Merkez\u00ee h\u00e2kimiyetini tan\u0131makta, onu desteklemektedir. \u0130\u00e7 i\u015flerine kar\u0131\u015fmamaya s\u00f6z vermektedir. Antla\u015fmada \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fctece\u011fi d\u0131\u015f siyasetin, bu iki \u00fclkenin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na ters olmamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi vurgulanmakta, ABD ile ili\u015fkilerin kesilmesi istenmektedir. Antla\u015fma gere\u011fi taraflar kendi devlet \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 tehlikede hissedince kendi denetim alanlar\u0131na ordu y\u00fcr\u00fctme hakk\u0131na sahip olacaklard\u0131r.<\/a>[1]<\/a><\/p>\n

Bu antla\u015fma imzaland\u0131ktan sonra ABD\u2019nin Tahran B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7isinden \u00fclkeyi terk etmesi istenmi\u015ftir. Diplomatik kavgalar 1924 tarihine kadar uzanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ama 18 Temmuz 1924 tarihinde Tahran\u2019\u0131n \u201cSakka Hane\u201d olay\u0131nda ABD\u2019nin b\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7i yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 katledilince i\u015fler ray\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. ABD ile olan ve imzalanmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen \u00f6nemli antla\u015fmalar ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. R\u0131za Mirpen\u00e7, R\u0131za \u015eah Pehlevi ad\u0131yla Kas\u0131m 1925 tarihinde tahta oturarak Pehlevi s\u00fclalesinin h\u00e2kimiyetini ilan etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk \u00fclkesinin yerinde sahte Pers ad\u0131na yeni s\u00f6m\u00fcrge devletin kurulmas\u0131na giden bu s\u00fcrec \u00e7ok kanl\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te \u0130ngiltere taraf\u0131ndan e\u011fitilmi\u015f gayr\u0131 T\u00fcrk silahl\u0131lar \u2013 G\u00fcney Polisi taraf\u0131ndan \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn b\u00f6lgelerinde T\u00fcrklere kar\u015f\u0131 bir soyk\u0131r\u0131m i\u015flenmi\u015ftir. Bu kanl\u0131 d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm s\u00fcrecinde 10 milyona yak\u0131n T\u00fcrk ve T\u00fcrklere ba\u011fl\u0131 topluluklar katliam edilmi\u015ftir. Bu katliam \u0130ngiltere taraf\u0131ndan yarat\u0131lan a\u00e7l\u0131kla i\u00e7 i\u00e7e olmu\u015ftur. \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin Hint k\u00f6kenlilerden ve 11. y\u00fczy\u0131llardan \u0130ran\u2019a getirilen Deri dillilerden[2]<\/a> olu\u015fan G\u00fcney Polisi \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n merkezi b\u00f6lgelerinde \u2013 Ka\u015fkay b\u00f6lgesinde, Kirman\u2019da, \u0130sfahan\u2019da, \u015eiraz\u2019da, Seminan ve Merkezi Horasan\u2019da T\u00fcrklere kar\u015f\u0131 tasavvur edilmesi zor olan feci bir soyk\u0131r\u0131m siyaseti tatbik edilmi\u015ftir. \u0130ngiltere, di\u011fer taraftan bilerek t\u00fcretmi\u015f oldu\u011fu a\u00e7l\u0131kla \u0130ran\u2019da T\u00fcrkl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn esas kalesi olan Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131 mahvetmi\u015f ve direni\u015fini feci \u015fekilde k\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/h2>\n

\u0130ran\u2019da Pers Devleti kurulur<\/strong><\/h2>\n

R\u0131za Pehlevi\u2019nin ilk icraat\u0131, tamamen T\u00fcrkl\u00fc\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 koymak olmu\u015ftur. B\u00fct\u00fcn devlet i\u015flerinde; yasama, y\u00fcr\u00fctme ve yarg\u0131yla e\u011fitim sisteminde Fars\u00e7ay\u0131 h\u00e2kim k\u0131larak T\u00fcrk dilini yasaklam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Slogan\u0131, \u201cTek Dil, Tek Millet; o da \u0130ran-Pers, Pers-\u0130ran\u201d \u015feklinde olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Pehlevi hakimiyeti, daha sonra \u00fclkenin ad\u0131n\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmaya a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00dclkenin ad\u0131yla ilgili tart\u0131\u015fmalar, \u201cMemalek\u00fc\u2019l-Mahruse\u201d, \u201cPers-Persian\u201d ve \u201c\u0130ran\u201d tercihleri \u00fczerinde s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n sonucunda 1935 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00fclke ad\u0131 \u201c\u0130ran\u201d olarak hem Temsilciler hem de Sena Meclisinde onaylat\u0131larak y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe konmu\u015f ve b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fclkelere ve \u00fclkelerin diplomatik temsilciliklerine \u00fclkenin ad\u0131n\u0131n bundan sonra \u201c\u0130ran\u201d olarak an\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015ftir. \u0130lk kez \u00fcnl\u00fc tarih\u00e7i Seid Nefisi bu konu hakk\u0131nda \u201cBundan sonra \u00fclkemizin ad\u0131 \u0130ran\u2019d\u0131r.\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 makalesini yay\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu karar \u00f6ncesi \u00fclkenin ad\u0131 T\u00fcrk s\u00fclalesi adlar\u0131yla an\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130ran\u2019da bu fa\u015fist d\u00fczen y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girerken \u0130ngiltere Anglosakson camias\u0131nda ve etkisi alt\u0131nda olan \u00fclkelerde \u0130ran-Pers, Pers-\u0130ran kavram\u0131n\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcrel, tarihsel ve siyasal zeminde d\u00fcnya e\u011fitim sistemlerine sokmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Di\u011fer yandan SSCB de kendi alan\u0131nda bu konsepti az farkla hayata ge\u00e7irmi\u015ftir. Bu \u0130ran-Pers, Pers-\u0130ran propagandas\u0131 d\u00fcnyada o kadar kuvvetli bir bi\u00e7imde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe konulmu\u015ftur ki T\u00fcrkiye bile bunu kendi e\u011fitim sistemine d\u00e2hil etmi\u015f ve bu e\u011fitimin \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olan bug\u00fcnk\u00fc T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131, \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n sadece Perslerden olu\u015ftu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmekte ve oradaki uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n Perslere ait oldu\u011funu sanmaktad\u0131r!<\/p>\n