{"id":7424,"date":"2019-05-30T20:30:00","date_gmt":"2019-05-30T17:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/?p=7424&preview=true&preview_id=7424"},"modified":"2019-05-30T19:59:54","modified_gmt":"2019-05-30T16:59:54","slug":"istanbul-secimlerinde-mutluluk-endeksi-secimleri-nasil-etkiler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/istanbul-secimlerinde-mutluluk-endeksi-secimleri-nasil-etkiler\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130stanbul se\u00e7imlerinde mutluluk endeksi: Se\u00e7imleri nas\u0131l etkiler?"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u00dcnl\u00fc matematik\u00e7i ve filozof Bertnard Russell 1930\u2019lu y\u0131llarda yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 mutlu olman\u0131n bir sanat oldu\u011funu anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitapta, insan\u0131n nas\u0131l mutlu olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u00a0 \u015f\u00f6yle tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: \u201cBir \u015feye d\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcnl\u00fck ya da ikinci bir meslekle u\u011fra\u015fmak, mutlulu\u011fun kayna\u011f\u0131 olmayabilir, ama kat\u0131 ger\u00e7ekleri ve katlan\u0131lmas\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 ac\u0131lar\u0131 unutman\u0131n bir yoludur.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Mutluluk, maddi ve manevi \u00f6zlemlere ula\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 sonucu hissedilen bir tatmin ve k\u0131van\u00e7 durumudur, her ki\u015fi ve toplum i\u00e7in farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterir. Baz\u0131 ki\u015filer i\u00e7in maddi kazan\u00e7lar, mevki ve \u00fcn mutluluk kayna\u011f\u0131 iken, baz\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7in kar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131ndaki insan\u0131n g\u00fcl\u00fcmsemesi, bir \u00e7i\u00e7ek, bir canl\u0131 mutlulu\u011fa sebep olabilir. \u00c7o\u011fu insan hayatta mutlu olmak ister ama mutlulu\u011fu nerelerde bulaca\u011f\u0131 zaman alabilir. Mutlu olmak i\u00e7in ilk \u015fart, ki\u015finin onu mutlu eden fakt\u00f6rlerin fark\u0131nda olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Daha sonra bunlar\u0131 hayat\u0131na sokmak veya hayat\u0131nda tutmak i\u00e7in neler yapabilece\u011fini ke\u015ffetmesi gerekir. Baz\u0131 toplumlarda manevi mutluluk, maddi mutluluktan daha fazla olabilir. \u0130nsanlar yoksul toplumlarda da mutlu olabilir.<\/p>\n

Bu nedenle toplumlar\u0131n mutlulu\u011funu sadece gelir seviyesi (GSMH) ya da \u0130nsani Geli\u015fmi\u015flik Endeksi ile \u00f6l\u00e7mek eksik bulundu\u011fundan ek olarak psikolojik unsurlar\u0131 da katarak alternatif bir yakla\u015f\u0131m geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Bu kapsamda Gallup World Poll\u2019un (https:\/\/www.gallup.com\/analytics\/248909\/gallup-2019-global-emotions-report-pdf.aspx<\/em>) mutluluk \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm verileri, farkl\u0131 ya\u015fam tercihlerine duyulan sayg\u0131, ki\u015fisel \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler, yolsuzluk alg\u0131s\u0131, \u00fclkelerdeki ruhsal rahats\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n oran\u0131 ve de\u011fer yarg\u0131lar\u0131 ile etik de\u011ferlerin de kapsama al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru olaca\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc ortaya at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Mut\u00adlu ol\u00admak i\u00e7in zengin olmak \u015fart de\u011fildir. K\u0131sacas\u0131, \u201czen\u00adgin olu\u00adnun\u00adca mut\u00adlu olu\u00adnur, mut\u00adlu\u00adluk i\u00e7in zen\u00adgin\u00adlik ge\u00adre\u00adkir<\/em>\u201d d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi toplumda yayg\u0131nla\u015fmaktad\u0131r ama ger\u00ad\u00e7ek b\u00f6y\u00adle de\u00ad\u011fildir. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n te\u00admel ih\u00adti\u00adya\u00e7\u00adla\u00adr\u0131\u00adn\u0131 gi\u00adder\u00adme\u00adle\u00adri, mad\u00addi ye\u00adter\u00adsiz\u00adlik\u00adten s\u0131\u00adk\u0131n\u00adt\u0131\u00adya d\u00fc\u015f\u00adme\u00adme\u00adle\u00adri mutlu olmak i\u00e7in gereklidir. Fakat mad\u00addi ih\u00adti\u00adya\u00e7\u00adla\u00adr\u0131n so\u00adnu\u00ad yoktur. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, maddi ihtiya\u00e7lar sonsuzdur, gelir sonsuz de\u011fildir. \u0130h\u00adti\u00adya\u00e7\u00adlar bit\u00admez ve do\u00adyum\u00adsuz\u00adluk, mut\u00adsuz\u00adlu\u00ad\u011fa yol a\u00e7abilir. T\u00fcrk toplumunda \u00f6nemli bir kesimin konuya yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir: \u201cAl\u00adlah’a \u015f\u00fc\u00adk\u00fcr a\u00e7 de\u00ad\u011fi\u00adliz, a\u00e7\u0131k\u00adta hi\u00e7 de\u00ad\u011fi\u00adliz. Mut\u00adlu\u00adyuz. \u00c7o\u00adcuk\u00adla\u00adr\u0131\u00adm\u0131z sa\u011f\u00adl\u0131k\u00adl\u0131 ve ha\u00ady\u0131r\u00adl\u0131. \u0130ba\u00addet\u00adle\u00adri\u00admi\u00adzi ya\u00adpa\u00adcak sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z da var. Da\u00adha ne is\u00adte\u00adye\u00adlim?<\/em>\u201d Burada maddi mutluluk de\u011fil, manevi mutluluk \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu kapsamda Richard A. Easterlin 1974 y\u0131l\u0131nda Easterlin Paradoksu olarak bilinen bir kavram\u0131 g\u00fcndeme getirmi\u015ftir. 2000\u2019li\u00a0 y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda tekrar ilgi oda\u011f\u0131 olan Easterlin Paradoksu, \u00fclkelerin temel ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktadan sonra dikkatin gelir (GSYH) \u00fczerine de\u011fil, \u201cGayri Safi Mutluluk\u201d<\/em> \u00fczerine odaklanmas\u0131n\u0131 ifade eder. Paradoks, gelir seviyesi ile mutluluk aras\u0131nda \u00e7ok s\u0131k\u0131 bir ba\u011f\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klar. Paradoksa g\u00f6re belirli bir seviyeye kadar gelir, mutlulu\u011fu artt\u0131rabilir. Fakat bir s\u00fcre sonra maddi y\u00f6ndeki kazan\u0131mlar insanlar\u0131 mutlu etmemeye ba\u015flar. Easterlin \u00fclkelere; toplumun temel ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktada daha fazla gelir i\u00e7in de\u011fil, daha fazla mutluluk\u00a0 konusuna \u00f6nem vermelerini \u00f6nermektedir.<\/p>\n

Ekonomi bilimi, daha fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak zenginle\u015fme ve b\u00f6ylece t\u00fcketim yaparak fayday\u0131 artt\u0131rmay\u0131 ama\u00e7lar. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara g\u00f6re geliri artan bir ki\u015fi, mutlu olmak i\u00e7in kom\u015fusunu ge\u00e7ip ge\u00e7medi\u011fine bakmaktad\u0131r. E\u011fer kom\u015fusunun gelirinin daha fazla art\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsa, mutsuz olur. Mutluluk ekonomisinde, toplumdaki ekonomik geli\u015fimin ortalama mutluluk seviyesiyle yak\u0131n bir ili\u015fkisinin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcme ile toplumun temel ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131r. Temel ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktada, daha fazla gelir i\u00e7in de\u011fil, daha fazla \u201cgayri safi mutluluk\u201d<\/em> \u00fczerine yo\u011funla\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de tasarruf oranlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck, t\u00fcketimin y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131n\u0131 Easterlin Paradoksu ile a\u00e7\u0131klamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. \u00c7evremizdeki insanlar\u0131n l\u00fcks e\u015fya alarak kom\u015fusunu ge\u00e7me iste\u011fi vard\u0131r. \u00dclkeler ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcme i\u00e7in t\u00fcketimi\u00a0 \u00f6zendirirken, di\u011fer taraftan k\u0131skan\u00e7l\u0131k duygusunu da artt\u0131r\u0131r. Bu sebeple belli bir t\u00fcketim seviyesinden sonra toplumda mutlulu\u011fu art\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 politikalara \u00f6nem verilmelidir.<\/p>\n

Bu kapsamda “mutluluk”<\/em> kavram\u0131 Amerikal\u0131 diplomat Jayme Illien taraf\u0131ndan ortaya at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, daha sonra John F. Helliwell, Richard Layard ve Jeffrey Sachs taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. (https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/happiness-report\/2019\/WHR19.pdf<\/em>)\u00a0\u00a0 Kavram\u0131n bile\u015fenleri aras\u0131nda Maslow\u2019un \u0130htiya\u00e7lar Hiyerar\u015fisi, toplam ve ki\u015fisel gelir, sosyal g\u00fcvenlik, istihdam, ailevi ili\u015fkiler, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck alanlar\u0131, sa\u011fl\u0131k ve sahip olunan kaliteli ge\u00e7irilen zaman gibi kavramlar dikkate al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130htiya\u00e7lar Hiyerar\u015fisi, Amerikal\u0131 psikolog Abraham Maslow taraf\u0131ndan 1943 y\u0131l\u0131nda ortaya at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve sonras\u0131nda geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f bir insan psikolojisi teorisidir. \u0130htiya\u00e7lar Hiyerar\u015fisi 5 ana kategoriye ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Bunlar; fizyolojik ihtiya\u00e7lar<\/em>, (a\u00e7l\u0131k, susuzluk ve buna benzer temel ya\u015famsal ihtiya\u00e7lar) g\u00fcvenlik ihtiyac\u0131<\/em>, (d\u0131\u015f fakt\u00f6rlerden kaynakl\u0131 tehlikelerden korunma) sosyal ihtiya\u00e7lar<\/em>, (aidiyet, sevgi, kabul g\u00f6rme, sosyal ya\u015fam), d<\/em>e\u011fer verilme\/sayg\u0131nl\u0131k<\/em> (stat\u00fc, ba\u015far\u0131, itibar, tan\u0131nma) \u00a0ve k<\/em>endini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirme<\/em>\u2019dir. (geli\u015fim, bir i\u015fi ba\u015far\u0131yla tamamlama, yarat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k). De\u011fi\u015fen ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131, teknolojinin geli\u015fmesi ve ki\u015filerin hayat\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir yere sahip olmas\u0131 sebebiyle \u0130htiya\u00e7lar Hiyerar\u015fisi g\u00fcncellenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Gelir ile mutluluk aras\u0131nda do\u011frudan bir ba\u011f kurulmasa da, zenginli\u011fin fazla ve ortalama gelirin y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu Bat\u0131 Avrupa ve Kuzey Amerika\u2019daki \u00fclkeler, mutluluk endeksinde \u00f6n s\u0131ralardad\u0131r. En mutsuz b\u00f6lgelerin ayn\u0131 zamanda en geri kalm\u0131\u015f b\u00f6lgeler (Sahra-alt\u0131 Afrika, G\u00fcney Asya) olmas\u0131 dikkat \u00e7ekicidir.<\/p>\n

Mutlu olmak i\u00e7in ilk \u015fart, ki\u015finin onu mutlu eden fakt\u00f6rlerin fark\u0131nda olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu sebeple d\u00fcnyada her y\u0131l 20 Mart D\u00fcnya Mutluluk G\u00fcn\u00fc olarak kutlanmaktad\u0131r. (https:\/\/happinessday.org\/<\/a>, https:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/events\/happinessday\/<\/a>.) Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler 1 Nisan 2012 tarihinden bu yana toplumlar\u0131n mutlulu\u011funu, GSMH ve \u0130nsani Geli\u015fmi\u015flik Endeksi yan\u0131nda, psikolojik unsurlar\u0131 da katarak sunmaktad\u0131r. Bu kapsamda Gallup World Poll\u2019un\u00a0 (https:\/\/www.gallup.com\/analytics\/248909\/gallup-2019-global-emotions-report-pdf.aspx<\/a>) mutluluk \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc verileri, farkl\u0131 ya\u015fam tercihlerine duyulan sayg\u0131, ki\u015fisel \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler, yolsuzluk alg\u0131s\u0131, \u00fclkelerdeki ruhsal rahats\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n oran\u0131 ve de\u011fer yarg\u0131lar\u0131 ile etik de\u011ferler de kapsama al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler\u2019in 20 Mart 2019 tarihinde yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 D\u00fcnya Mutluluk Raporu’nda son 10 y\u0131lda mutlulu\u011fun nas\u0131l de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fine yer verilmi\u015ftir. De\u011fi\u015fimlere yol a\u00e7an teknoloji, sosyal norm, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma ve kamu politikalar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu kapsamda c\u00f6mertlik ve toplum yanl\u0131s\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flar, mutlulu\u011fun oy verme davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 ile internet ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n mutlulu\u011fa etkisi\u00a0\u00a0 analiz edilmi\u015ftir. ABD’deki gen\u00e7 neslin dijital medyada harcad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman\u0131n artt\u0131\u011f\u0131na de\u011finilmi\u015f, g\u00fcnde 6 saatin internet, sosyal medya ve mesajla\u015fmada ge\u00e7ti\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir. Bunlar, mutsuzlu\u011fu artt\u0131ran fakt\u00f6rler olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Mutluluk seviyesini belirlemek i\u00e7in; ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen gayri safi yurti\u00e7i has\u0131la, sosyal destek, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u00f6m\u00fcr beklentisi, ya\u015fam tercihlerini yapabilme \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, c\u00f6mertlik, yolsuzluk alg\u0131s\u0131 gibi kriterler esas al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sosyal destek g\u00f6stergesi olarak kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lara “Bir sorun ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda, ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z oldu\u011funda g\u00fcvenebilece\u011finiz akraba ya da arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131z var m\u0131?”<\/em> sorusu, yolsuzluk alg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in de hem \u00fclke y\u00f6netiminde hem de i\u015fyerinde yolsuzlu\u011fun yayg\u0131n olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorulmu\u015ftur. Rapor\u2019da ayr\u0131ca, bu \u00fclkelerde ya\u015fayan yabanc\u0131lar\u0131n mutluluk seviyesi de s\u0131ralanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0 Finlandiya, ba\u015fka \u00fclkelerde do\u011fanlar\u0131n en mutlu oldu\u011fu \u00fclkedir. Sonuncu \u00fclke ise Suriye\u2019dir. T\u00fcrkiye 53\u2019nc\u00fc s\u0131radad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Rapor; d\u00fcnyadaki en mutlu \u00fclkelerin en zengin \u00fclkeler de\u011fil, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc sosyal deste\u011fi olan \u00fclkeler oldu\u011funu ortaya koymu\u015ftur. \u00dclkelerin gelir, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ya\u015fam beklentisi, sosyal destek, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, g\u00fcven ve c\u00f6mertlik de\u011fi\u015fkenleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 raporda, en mutlu insanlar\u0131n Finlandiya da ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk 10 \u00fclke aras\u0131nda Danimarka, Norve\u00e7, \u0130zlanda, Hollanda, \u0130svi\u00e7re, \u0130sve\u00e7, Yeni Zelanda, Kanada ve Avusturya vard\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n 5\u2019i \u0130skandinav \u00fclkesidir. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck 10 ekonomisi aras\u0131ndaki \u00fclkelerden 9’nun ilk 10 \u00fclke aras\u0131nda yer almamas\u0131 dikkat \u00e7ekicidir. ABD 19’ncu, \u00c7in 93’nc\u00fc, Japonya 58’nci, Almanya 17’nci, \u0130ngiltere 15’nci, Hindistan 140’nc\u0131, Fransa 24’nc\u00fc, Brezilya 32’nci, \u0130talya ise 36’nc\u0131d\u0131r. Bunun tek istisnas\u0131 Kanada\u2019d\u0131r. Bu \u00fclke mutluluk endeksinde ilk 10 \u00fclke aras\u0131na girmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnyan\u0131n ekonomik olarak g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u00fclkelerinden Rusya, ge\u00e7en y\u0131la g\u00f6re 9 s\u0131ra gerileyerek 68’nci s\u0131rada yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 156 \u00fclke aras\u0131nda d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en mutsuz \u00fclkesi G\u00fcney Sudan\u2019d\u0131r. Bu \u00fclkeyi s\u0131ras\u0131yla Orta Afrika Cumhuriyeti, Afganistan, Tanzanya, Ruanda, Yemen, Malavi, Suriye, Botsvana ve Haiti izlemektedir. Ge\u00e7en y\u0131lki s\u0131ralama \u015f\u00f6yledir: Burundi, Orta Afrika Cumhuriyeti, G\u00fcney Sudan, Tanzanya, Yemen, Ruanda, Suriye, Liberya, Haiti ve Malavi. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n en mutlu \u00fclkeleri s\u0131ralamas\u0131nda\u00a0 57 \u0130slam \u00fclkesinden ilk 10\u2019a giren \u00fclke bulunmamaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye ise mutluluk s\u0131ralamas\u0131nda gerilemeye devam etmektedir.<\/p>\n

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Kaynak: https:\/\/countryeconomy.com\/demography\/world-happiness-index\/turkey<\/p><\/div>\n

T\u00fcrkiye, 2018\u2019de 74, 2017\u2019de 69\u2019ncu s\u0131radayd\u0131. D\u00fcnya Mutluluk Raporu’na g\u00f6re d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck 19’ncu ekonomisine sahip olan (https:\/\/countryeconomy.com\/countries\/turkey<\/a>) T\u00fcrkiye 156 \u00fclke aras\u0131nda 79’ncu olabilmi\u015ftir. Son be\u015f y\u0131ldaki s\u0131ralama \u015f\u00f6yledir: 2018, 74; 2017, 69; 2016, 78; 2015, 76; 2013, 77.\u00a0 Bu tespitler T\u00fcrklerin 2013 y\u0131l\u0131ndan sonra mutlu olmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle mutsuzluklar\u0131n\u0131n artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n

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T\u00dc\u0130K, 2018 y\u0131l\u0131na ili\u015fkin Ya\u015fam Memnuniyeti Ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 \u015eubat 2019\u2019da a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye’de mutlu oldu\u011funu\u00a0 a\u00e7\u0131klayanlar\u0131n oran\u0131 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fczde 58 iken 2018’de oran y\u00fczde 53,4’e gerilemi\u015ftir. En y\u00fcksek mutluluk oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 61,2 ile 65 ve \u00fczeri ya\u015f grubunda g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Mutsuz oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klayanlar\u0131n oran\u0131 ise y\u00fczde 11,1’den y\u00fczde 12,1’e y\u00fckselmi\u015ftir. Ge\u00e7en y\u0131l en y\u00fcksek memnuniyet oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 75,2 ile asayi\u015f hizmetlerinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015firken, bunu s\u0131ras\u0131yla y\u00fczde 74,8 ula\u015ft\u0131rma, y\u00fczde 70,4 ile sa\u011fl\u0131k, y\u00fczde 63,1 ile Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Kurumu, y\u00fczde 56,7 ile e\u011fitim ve 56,3 ile adli hizmetler izlemi\u015ftir. T\u00fcrk insan\u0131ndaki mutsuzluk oran\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015f, do\u011frudan halk\u0131n siyasi tercihine de yans\u0131maktad\u0131r. (https:\/\/www.aa.com.tr\/tr\/turkiye\/yasam-memnuniyeti-arastirmasi-aciklandi\/1399801<\/a>) T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de son se\u00e7imleri bu a\u00e7\u0131dan de\u011ferlendirmekte yarar vard\u0131r. E\u011fer h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin izledikleri politikalar sonucunda \u00fclke mutluluk endeksinde \u00fcst s\u0131ralara \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yorsa, gerek yerel ve gerekse genel se\u00e7imlerde h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olma \u015fans\u0131 y\u00fcksektir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla milli mutluluk endeksi (national happiness) ile se\u00e7im kazanma aras\u0131nda kuvvetli bir ili\u015fki bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"

Kaynak: https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/happiness-report\/2019\/WHR19_Ch3.pdf<\/p><\/div>\n

E\u011fer bir \u00fclkede ya\u015fayanlar\u0131n mutluluklar\u0131 art\u0131yorsa, o \u00fclkeyi y\u00f6netenlerin se\u00e7imlerde ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Mutlu insanlar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fclkelerde siyasi istikrar, mutsuz insanlar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fclkelere g\u00f6re daha fazlad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

George Ward, (Happiness and Voting Behaviour) daha mutlu n\u00fcfusun y\u00f6neten partileri desteklemesinin, pop\u00fclist otoriter adaylar\u0131 destekleme ihtimalinden daha fazla olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Veriler, mutlu insanlar\u0131n kendilerini mutlu eden y\u00f6netimler lehine oy kulland\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Mutsuz insanlar aras\u0131nda\u00a0 \u201cpop\u00fclist ve otoriter nitelik\u201d <\/em>daha a\u011f\u0131r\u00a0 basmaktad\u0131r. Bu bak\u0131mdan Haziran ay\u0131nda \u0130stanbul\u2019daki se\u00e7imlere giren partilerin bu konuya \u00a0dikkat etmelerinde yarar vard\u0131r. (https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/happiness-report\/2019\/WHR19_Ch3.pdf<\/a>)\u00a0 E\u011fer \u0130stanbul mutlu se\u00e7menlerin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir kent ise, tercihini bu mutlulu\u011fu sa\u011flayan y\u00f6netime, e\u011fer mutsuz bir se\u00e7men kitlesi varsa \u0130stanbul\u2019da, oyunu kendini mutlu edecek alternatife y\u00f6neltecektir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

En mutlu \u00fclkeler en zenginler de\u011fil, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc sosyal deste\u011fi olan \u00fclkelerdir. A\u00e7\u0131klanan raporlarda, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin s\u0131ralamas\u0131 s\u00fcrekli gerilemekte. \u0130ktidar\u0131n yerel ve genel se\u00e7imlerde ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olabilmesi, bu milli mutluluk endeksi ile do\u011fru orant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":7614,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[2,66],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u0130stanbul se\u00e7imlerinde mutluluk endeksi: Se\u00e7imleri nas\u0131l etkiler? - M\u0130SAK- Mill\u00ee Strateji Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurulu<\/title>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/istanbul-secimlerinde-mutluluk-endeksi-secimleri-nasil-etkiler\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0130stanbul se\u00e7imlerinde mutluluk endeksi: Se\u00e7imleri nas\u0131l etkiler? - M\u0130SAK- Mill\u00ee Strateji Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurulu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"En mutlu \u00fclkeler en zenginler de\u011fil, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc sosyal deste\u011fi olan \u00fclkelerdir. 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R\\u0131dvan Karluk, 1970\\u2019de Ankara \\u00dcniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fak\\u00fcltesi\\u2019ni bitirdi. 1975\\u2019te doktor, 1979\\u2019da do\\u00e7ent oldu. 1975 \\u2013 1976\\u2019da Sussex \\u00dcniversitesi\\u2019nde doktora \\u00fcst\\u00fc ara\\u015ft\\u0131rma yapt\\u0131. 1982 y\\u0131l\\u0131nda Devlet Planlama Te\\u015fkilat\\u0131 AET Dairesini (Genel M\\u00fcd\\u00fcrl\\u00fck) kurdu. 1985-1990 y\\u0131llar\\u0131nda Paris\\u2019te, OECD T\\u00fcrkiye B\\u00fcy\\u00fckel\\u00e7ili\\u011fi\\u2019nde Planlama M\\u00fc\\u015faviri olarak \\u00e7al\\u0131\\u015ft\\u0131. 1990-1992 y\\u0131llar\\u0131nda Ba\\u015fbakanl\\u0131k Ba\\u015fm\\u00fc\\u015favirli\\u011fi\\u2019ne atand\\u0131. 1991 y\\u0131l\\u0131nda Anadolu \\u00dcniversitesi\\u2019ne ge\\u00e7mi\\u015f, 2014 y\\u0131l\\u0131nda emekli olmu\\u015ftur. Bu s\\u00fcre i\\u00e7inde \\u0130ktisadi Geli\\u015fme ve Uluslararas\\u0131 Geli\\u015fme Anabilim Dal\\u0131 Ba\\u015fkanl\\u0131\\u011f\\u0131, 2010-2013 d\\u00f6neminde \\u0130ktisat Fak\\u00fcltesi Dekanl\\u0131\\u011f\\u0131 yapm\\u0131\\u015ft\\u0131r. Uluslararas\\u0131 Ekonomi, T\\u00fcrkiye Ekonomisi, Avrupa Birli\\u011fi ve Uluslararas\\u0131 Ekonomik \\u0130li\\u015fkiler konular\\u0131nda 24 kitab\\u0131, 12 ortak ve 3 \\u00e7eviri eseri vard\\u0131r. Ortak yazarl\\u0131 bir ders kitab\\u0131 T\\u00dcBA \\u00fcniversite ders kitaplar\\u0131 2012 y\\u0131l\\u0131 telif ve \\u00e7eviri eser \\u00f6d\\u00fcl\\u00fc olmak \\u00fczere 6 bilimsel ara\\u015ft\\u0131rma \\u00f6d\\u00fcl\\u00fcne sahiptir. 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