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Bu yaz\u0131, Prof. Dr. Mehmet \u015eahin\u2019in \u201cYaz\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 De\u011fi\u015ftirdiler Bir Gecede C\u00e2hil (!) Kald\u0131k\u201d ve Cumhuriyetin kurulu\u015fundan sonra M. Kemal\u2019in ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi devrimler aras\u0131nda en \u00e7ok konu\u015fulan ve tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lanlar\u0131ndan birisi mutlaka harf devrimidir. Tabi\u00ee bu tart\u0131\u015fmalar cumhuriyetle birlikte de\u011fil, cumhuriyetten evvel de g\u00fcndemde bulunmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n Modern manadaki ilk genel n\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131 1749\u2019da \u0130sve\u00e7\u2019te yap\u0131ld\u0131 ve birka\u00e7 y\u0131l arayla t\u00fcm Avrupa \u00fclkelerinde n\u00fcfus say\u0131mlar\u0131 yap\u0131lmaya ba\u015flan\u00add\u0131. Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminde ise birincisi 1831 y\u0131l\u0131nda olmak \u00fczere birka\u00e7 defa n\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ama bunlar, toplumu t\u00fcm \u00f6zellikleriyle tan\u0131maya y\u00f6nelik ve genel de\u011fildi. Kad\u0131nlar ise yok farz edil\u00admi\u015f ve say\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Asker ve vergi alma potansi\u00adyelini \u00f6l\u00e7meye y\u00f6nelikti. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla herkesi kap\u00adsayan ve toplumun t\u00fcm \u00f6zelliklerini \u00f6l\u00e7meye \u00e7a\u00adl\u0131\u015fan ilk genel n\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131, harf ink\u0131l\u00e2b\u0131ndan bir y\u0131l \u00f6nce, yani 1927 y\u0131l\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi. Buna g\u00f6re 1927 y\u0131l\u0131nda toplam n\u00fcfusumuz 13.629.488 ki\u015fiydi. T\u00fcrkiye genelinde 1.111.496 ki\u015fi okuma yazma biliyordu ve bunlar\u0131n toplam n\u00fcfus i\u00e7inde\u00adki oran\u0131 sadece %8 idi. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k 12.517.992 ki\u015fi okuma yazma bilmiyordu. Bunlar\u0131n toplam n\u00fcfus i\u00e7indeki oran\u0131 ise %92 idi. Yani y\u00fcz ki\u015fiden doksan ikisi “elifi g\u00f6rse mertek (sopa) san\u0131yordu”. Kad\u0131nlar aras\u0131nda okuma yazma bilenlerin oran\u0131 %1\u2019in de alt\u0131ndayd\u0131.<\/p>\n Baz\u0131 \u00fcst d\u00fczey Osmanl\u0131lar\u0131n dahi okuryazar olmad\u0131klar\u0131na dair tarih kitaplar\u0131nda bilgiler vard\u0131r. Mesela, Yedisekiz Hasan Pa\u015fa… K\u0131r\u0131m Harbi\u2019ne er olarak kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, g\u00f6s\u00adterdi\u011fi ba\u015far\u0131lar nedeniyle saray \u00e7evresine al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f, zamanla terfi etmi\u015f ve \u2018pa\u015fa\u2019 unvan\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir. Abd\u00fclaziz ve II. Abd\u00fclhamit d\u00f6nemlerinde sara\u00ady\u0131n korumas\u0131ndan sorumlu \u2018Be\u015fikta\u015f Muhaf\u0131z\u0131\u2019 olmu\u015ftur. Baz\u0131 kitaplar\u0131n yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, imzas\u0131n\u0131 atmay\u0131 bilmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in, eskiden, biri \u2018v\u2019 di\u011feri \u2018ters v\u2019 gibi yaz\u0131lan, 7 ve 8 rakamlar\u0131n\u0131n aras\u0131na bir \u00e7izgi \u00e7ekerek \u2018Hasan\u2019 yazmay\u0131 ve b\u00f6ylece imzas\u0131n\u0131 at\u00admay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015ftir. Bu nedenle kendisine \u2018Yedisekiz Hasan Pa\u015fa\u2019 l\u00e2kab\u0131 tak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu g\u00fcn b\u00f6yle bir \u015feyi tasavvur edebilir misiniz?<\/p>\n \u015e\u00fcphesiz ki \u0130stanbul ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere, \u0130zmir, Bursa, Edirne vesaire gibi, Bat\u0131daki \u00f6nemli merkezlerde okuryazarl\u0131k oran\u0131 ortalaman\u0131n birka\u00e7 kat \u00fcst\u00fcndeydi. Ama Orta ve Bat\u0131 Anadolu\u2019ya do\u011fru gittik\u00e7e okuryazarl\u0131k oranlar\u0131 ortalaman\u0131n \u00e7ok daha alt\u0131ndayd\u0131. Mesela, 1927 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ilk genel n\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131 verilerine g\u00f6re, \u00c7orum\u2019da okuryazarl\u0131k oran\u0131, ortalama olarak %4, erkekler\u00adde %8, kad\u0131nlarda ise binde 9\u2019du. \u00c7orum \u00f6rne\u011fi b\u00fct\u00fcn Anadolu kentleri i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erliydi. Kad\u0131n-erkek aras\u0131ndaki okuryazarl\u0131k u\u00e7urumu ise \u00fclkenin her taraf\u0131nda ayn\u0131 vahamet d\u00fczeyindeydi.<\/p>\n Efendim \u201cyaz\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirdiler, dedelerimizin mezar ta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 okuyamaz olduk<\/em>” ifadesi bir safsatad\u0131r, okumu\u015flar\u0131n cehalet itiraf\u0131, politikac\u0131lar\u0131n siyaset silah\u0131d\u0131r. Bu adamlara, “b\u0131rak\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcndeki yaz\u0131y\u0131, baban\u0131z\u0131n, dedenizin mezar\u0131nda ta\u015f var m\u0131?<\/em>” diye sormak l\u00e2z\u0131md\u0131r. Anadolu\u2019da binlerce mezar\u00adl\u0131ktaki ka\u00e7 mezar ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde eski yaz\u0131yla ya\u00adz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir ifade var? Anadolu\u2019nun b\u00fct\u00fcn mezarl\u0131k\u00adlar\u0131n\u0131 Ey\u00fcp Sultan veya Karacaahmet Mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u0131 san\u0131yorsunuz? Yahut sel\u00e2tin c\u00e2milerin haz\u00eeresi mi zannediyorsunuz? Anadolu\u2019daki milyonlarca k\u0131r\u0131k d\u00f6k\u00fck mezar ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131, \u0130stanbul\u2019daki birka\u00e7 bin, hoca, \u015feyh, veli, pa\u015fa mezar ta\u015flar\u0131na m\u0131 benzer san\u0131yor\u00adsunuz veya b\u00f6yle olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildi\u011finiz h\u00e2lde, b\u00f6yleymi\u015f gibi bir alg\u0131 yaratarak halk\u0131 aldatmaya utanm\u0131yor musunuz?<\/p>\n Ey okumu\u015flar, s\u00f6yleyin, ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n dedesinin mezar ta\u015f\u0131nda yaz\u0131 var? \u015eayet varsa ve b\u00f6yle bir elit imtiyaza sahipseniz, elin Amerikal\u0131s\u0131, \u0130ngiliz\u2019i, Japon\u2019u gelip bunlar\u0131 okuyor da siz neden dizinizi k\u0131r\u0131p okumay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmiyorsunuz, elinizi kolunuzu tutan m\u0131 var? \u00c7o\u011funuz, Kur\u2019an kursu, imam hatip lisesi, il\u00e2hiyat fak\u00fcltesi, T\u00fcrk dili ve edebiyat\u0131 b\u00f6\u00adl\u00fcm\u00fc, ya da tarih b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc mezunu de\u011fil misiniz? Bu devlet milyarlar harcayarak size eski yaz\u0131 \u00f6\u011fret\u00admek i\u00e7in \u00e7abalamad\u0131 m\u0131? Okuyam\u0131yorsan\u0131z bu si\u00adzin utanc\u0131n\u0131z de\u011fil mi? Cehlinizi ve tembelli\u011finizi \u00f6rtmek i\u00e7in tarihten mazeret mi ar\u0131yorsunuz?<\/p>\n Tanzimat ve Islahat d\u00f6nemlerinde harflerle ilgili ilk m\u00fcnferit \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma Ahmet Cevdet Pa\u015fa taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019nin Arap\u00e7a ve Fars\u00e7a\u2019dan farkl\u0131 bir dil oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftir. Arap harfleri ile g\u00f6sterilemeyen sesleri g\u00f6stermek amac\u0131yla yeni bir yaz\u0131 aramak gerekti\u011fini de belirtmi\u015ftir. Daha sonra ise bu konuda M\u00fcnif Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n tespitleri m\u00fchimdir. M\u00fcnif Pa\u015fa meseleyi ilk defa s\u00f6zl\u00fc olarak beyan etmi\u015f ve tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. M\u00fcnif Pa\u015fa, hareke olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bir kelime \u00e7e\u015fitli bi\u00e7imlerde okunabilmekte, Arap\u00e7a ve Fars\u00e7a kelimelerin fazlal\u0131\u011f\u0131 okuma yazmay\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131rmakta, b\u00fcy\u00fck harf olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6zel isimler ay\u0131rt edilememekte ve harflerimizin bas\u0131ma uygun olmamas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi gerekti\u011fini belirtmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n bu fikirlerinden 1 sene sonra Azerbaycanl\u0131 \u015eair Mirza Feth-Ali Ahundzade, T\u00fcrk d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda imla birli\u011fini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1869 senesine geldi\u011fimizde ise tart\u0131\u015fmalar daha da b\u00fcy\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f Londra\u2019da s\u00fcrg\u00fcnde olan Gen\u00e7 T\u00fcrklerin yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 H\u00fcrriyet gazetesinde \u00e7\u0131kan bir makale T\u00fcrk e\u011fitim sistemini \u015fiddetle yermi\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6re; Ermeni, Rum ve Yahudi \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 alt\u0131 ayda okuma ve bir y\u0131lda yazmay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenirlerken, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00e7ocuklar y\u0131llarca e\u011fitim g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri halde bir gazete dahi okumaktan aciz kal\u0131yorlard\u0131. Kusur ise e\u011fitim sisteminde bulunmu\u015ftu.\u00a0\u0130ran\u2019\u0131n \u0130stanbul El\u00e7isi Melkum Han da tart\u0131\u015fmaya kat\u0131larak, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman e\u011fitim sisteminin eksik ve yetersiz oldu\u011funu ve bunlar\u0131n sorumlusunun da Arap harfleri oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Harfler konusu meclis k\u00fcrs\u00fcs\u00fcnde ilk defa 24 \u015eubat 1924 g\u00fcn\u00fc \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Sara\u00e7o\u011flu taraf\u0131ndan dile getirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Sara\u00e7o\u011flu bu konu\u015fmas\u0131nda;<\/p>\n \u2018\u2019 Benim kanaatimce bu b\u00fcy\u00fck derdin en vahim noktas\u0131 harflerdir. E\u011fer ben Arap harfi diyecek olursam burada acaba benim fikrime tu\u011fyan ve isyan edecek var m\u0131? Efendiler! Bunun yeg\u00e2ne kabahati harflerdir. Hac\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n, hocam\u0131z\u0131n, amirimizin, memurumuzun gayretine, y\u0131llardan, as\u0131rlardan beri yap\u0131lan bunca fedak\u00e2rl\u0131klara ra\u011fmen halk\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n y\u00fczde ikisi veya \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc okumu\u015ftur. Arap harfleri T\u00fcrk lisan\u0131n\u0131 yazmaya m\u00fcsait de\u011fildir.\u2019\u2019<\/em>\u00a0demi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n M. Kemal b\u00fct\u00fcn bu tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 s\u00fck\u00fbnetle takip etmi\u015ftir. Yine uygulamayla ilgili Falih R\u0131fk\u0131\u2019ya \u00fcyelerin s\u00fcre olarak ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcklerini sormu\u015ftu. Falih R\u0131fk\u0131; \u2018\u2019 Be\u015f y\u0131l diyen var, on be\u015f diyen var. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcklerine g\u00f6re birka\u00e7 y\u0131l, okullarda her iki yaz\u0131 birden \u00f6\u011fretilecek, gazetelerde yan yana bas\u0131lacakt\u0131r.\u2019\u2019<\/em>demi\u015ftir. Atat\u00fcrk bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flere \u015fiddetle kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karak\u00a0\u2018\u2019Bu ya \u00fc\u00e7 ayda olur, ya hi\u00e7 olmaz.<\/em>\u2019\u2019 demi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Tarih 1 Kas\u0131m 1928\u2019i g\u00f6sterdi\u011finde ise mecliste yap\u0131lan oylama sonucunda harf devrimi kabul edilmi\u015ftir. Harf devrimi kabul edildikten sonra yap\u0131lan istatistiklere bakacak\u00a0olursak yeni alfabeye kar\u015f\u0131 olanlar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinde hakl\u0131 ya da haks\u0131z olduklar\u0131n\u0131 daha net g\u00f6rebiliriz.<\/p>\n 1947 y\u0131l\u0131na geldi\u011fimizde Ats\u0131z h\u00e2l\u00e2 i\u015fsizken T\u00fcrkiye Yay\u0131nevi, Ats\u0131z\u2019a bir i\u015f verdi. Tarih\u00ee yay\u0131nlar i\u00e7in uzman olarak yay\u0131nevine al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye Yay\u0131nevi, T\u00fcrk yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k tarihinde son derece \u00f6nemli bir yay\u0131nevidir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u0130lk \u00e7ocuk mecmualar\u0131n\u0131 ve magazin dergilerini \u00e7\u0131karan yay\u0131nevidir. Alfabe de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finden sonra, yeni alfabeleri de ilk defa T\u00fcrkiye Yay\u0131nevi \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Yay\u0131nevinin sahibi olan Tahsin Demiray, Ats\u0131z\u2019\u0131n liseden arkada\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. Ats\u0131z\u2019a da, T\u00fcrkiye Yay\u0131nevi\u2019nin yay\u0131mlayaca\u011f\u0131 tarihi eserlere nezaret etme i\u015fi verilmi\u015ftir. Bu durum, Ats\u0131z i\u00e7in \u00e7ok hay\u0131rl\u0131 oldu. Bu sayede \u201cOsmanl\u0131 Tarihleri-1\u201d adl\u0131 kitap, 1949 y\u0131l\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye Yay\u0131nevi\u2019nin ne\u015friyat\u0131 olarak \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Bu kitapta Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ilk as\u0131rlar\u0131yla (14 ve 15. As\u0131rlar\u0131) ilgili temel 5 kayna\u011f\u0131n ilmi yay\u0131n\u0131 var.<\/p>\n Bu kaynaklar\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fc, Ats\u0131z do\u011frudan kendisi yay\u0131mlad\u0131. Biri \u00e7ok me\u015fhur olan \u201c\u00c2\u015f\u0131k Pa\u015fazade Tarihi\u201ddir. Ats\u0131z \u201c\u00c2\u015f\u0131k Pa\u015fao\u011flu Tarihi\u201d olarak kullan\u0131r. \u00c2\u015f\u0131k Pa\u015fao\u011flu Tarihi, Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ilk y\u0131llar\u0131 i\u00e7in en \u00f6nemli tarihi kaynaklardan biridir. Bu eserin ilk ilmi yay\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 yapan ki\u015fi Ats\u0131z\u2019d\u0131r. \u0130kinci kitap, \u201cOsmanl\u0131 Sultanlar\u0131 Tarihi\u201ddir. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc kitap ise \u201cBehcet\u00fcttev\u00e2r\u00eeh\u201d. Bu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcn\u00fcn, T\u00fcrklerle ilgili k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 Fars\u00e7a\u2019dan \u00e7evirmi\u015ftir. Ats\u0131z, daha sonra Osmanl\u0131 tarihi ile ilgili ba\u015fka kitap ve takvimlerin haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131nda da b\u00fcy\u00fck katk\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131. Ats\u0131z i\u015fe \u0130slam \u00f6ncesi T\u00fcrk tarihi ile ba\u015flasa da daha \u00e7ok Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6nemi tarih\u00e7isidir. Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6nemini \u00e7ok iyi biliyordu.<\/p>\n Sonra uzun y\u0131llar k\u00fct\u00fcphanede \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. CHP iktidar\u0131n\u0131n son y\u0131llar\u0131nda, Tahsin Banguo\u011flu Milli E\u011fitim Bakan\u0131 olunca (Banguo\u011flu da Ats\u0131z\u2019\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131f arkada\u015f\u0131) -s\u00f6zde- \u00f6\u011fretmenli\u011fe d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Banguo\u011flu\u2019na, Ats\u0131z\u2019\u0131n i\u015fsiz oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015fler. Banguo\u011flu da Ats\u0131z\u2019\u0131n haks\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlayarak \u00f6\u011fretmenli\u011fe tayin etmi\u015fti ama Ats\u0131z\u2019\u0131, mesle\u011fini k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre yapt\u0131ktan sonra, \u00f6\u011fretmen kadrosunda S\u00fcleymaniye K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi\u2019nde uzman olarak g\u00f6revlendirdiler. Evi Maltepe\u2019deydi, iki bu\u00e7uk saatte k\u00fct\u00fcphaneye geliyor, ak\u015fam da iki bu\u00e7uk saatte tekrar evine d\u00f6n\u00fcyordu. Maa\u015f\u0131n\u0131 almak i\u00e7in de ayba\u015f\u0131nda Haydarpa\u015fa Lisesi\u2019ne gidiyordu. Ats\u0131z, sabah ak\u015fam \u00e7ok yol y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in kilolu de\u011fildi. Bu vaziyette \u00e7ok fazla eser vermedi ama o mektuplar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 o zaman ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. O s\u0131ralarda \u0130stanbul k\u00fct\u00fcphanelerinde 60 bin civar\u0131nda T\u00fcrk\u00e7e el yazmas\u0131 var.<\/p>\n Anlayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z, Harf \u0130nk\u0131lab\u0131\u2019n\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z s\u0131rada % 8 civar\u0131nda okur-yazard\u0131k. Osmanl\u0131 D\u00f6neminde ciddi okur-yazard\u0131k. Kad\u0131nlarda % 1, genel olarak % 8. Harf \u0130nk\u0131lab\u0131\u2019ndan sonra 6 senede % 20\u2019lere ula\u015ft\u0131 okuryazar oran\u0131. \u2018Bir gecede cahil kald\u0131.\u2019 s\u00f6zlerine itibar etmemek laz\u0131m.<\/p>\n Harf \u0130nk\u0131l\u00e2b\u0131ndan yedi y\u0131l sonra, yani 1935 y\u0131l\u0131 n\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131 esnas\u0131nda, okuryazar\u00adl\u0131k oran\u0131n\u0131n iki kattan fazla artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmekte\u00addir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu arada halk i\u00e7in kurslar a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve herkese okuryazarl\u0131k \u00f6\u011fretmek i\u00e7in \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00e7aba sarf edilmi\u015ftir. K\u0131z erkek ay\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 yapmadan \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n okula g\u00f6nderilmesi kanunen zorunlu k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Buna ra\u011fmen erken Cumhuriyet d\u00f6\u00adneminde insanlar k\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 okutmamak i\u00e7in her \u00e7areye ba\u015fvurmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n Okuma yazma oranlar\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015f \u015f\u00f6yledir: 1935 y\u0131l\u0131nda ortalama %19, erkeklerde %31, kad\u0131nlarda %8\u2019dir. 1950 y\u0131l\u0131nda ortalama %32, erkeklerde %48, kad\u0131nlarda %17\u2019dir. 1965 y\u0131l\u0131nda ortalama %46, erkeklerde %65, kad\u0131nlarda %28\u2019dir. 1980 y\u0131l\u0131nda ortalama %66, erkeklerde %81, kad\u0131n\u00adlarda %50\u2019dir. 2000 y\u0131l\u0131nda ortalama %87, er\u00adkeklerde %94, kad\u0131nlarda %79 ve nihayet, 2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda ortalama %95, erkeklerde %98, kad\u0131nlarda ise %92\u2019dir.<\/p>\n Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, “yaz\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiler, bir gecede ca\u00adhil kald\u0131k<\/em>” l\u00e2f\u0131 k\u00fclliyen yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu l\u00e2f\u0131n mefhum-u muhalifinden (tersinden) \u015fu mana \u00e7\u0131\u00adkar: “Biz Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminde o kadar iyi e\u011fitimli, bilgili ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fc bir toplumduk ki yaz\u0131m\u0131z de\u011fi\u015f\u00admese ve bir gecede cahil b\u0131rak\u0131lmasayd\u0131k, u\u00e7aklar\u0131, bilgisayarlar\u0131, ak\u0131ll\u0131 telefonlar\u0131, kanser ila\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131, MR ve tomografi cihazlar\u0131n\u0131 biz yapard\u0131k, Ay\u2019a ve Merih\u2019e biz giderdik<\/em>“. Bu zihniyet, zaaflar\u0131m\u0131za do\u011fru te\u015fhis koymaya mani b\u00fcy\u00fck bir avuntudur; garabet ve hamakatt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, y\u00fcz binlerce insana papa\u011fan gibi bu l\u00e2f\u0131 ezberletmek, o insanlar\u0131n, za\u00adten zay\u0131f olan, \u2018hakikat, ad\u00e2let ve hakkaniyet\u2019 hassalar\u0131n\u0131, duygular\u0131n\u0131, b\u00fcsb\u00fct\u00fcn fel\u00e7 etmektir, du\u00admura u\u011fratmakt\u0131r, a\u011f\u0131r bir vebaldir, topluma kar\u015f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fckt\u00fcr.<\/p>\n Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn devrimlerinden Harf \u0130nk\u0131lab\u0131, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u015fiddetli bir tart\u0131\u015fma konusu haline gelmi\u015ftir. Yaz\u0131da, bu tart\u0131\u015fman\u0131n yersizli\u011fi \u00e7e\u015fitli tarihi, istatistik\u00ee veriler ve \u00e7e\u015fitli arg\u00fcmanlarla kan\u0131tlan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":8568,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_ef_editorial_meta_date_first-draft-date":"","_ef_editorial_meta_paragraph_assignment":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[62,2,64,68],"tags":[],"coauthors":[4],"class_list":["post-8566","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-egitim-kultur","category-genel","category-kurumlar","category-turkluk-turkculuk"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8566","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8566"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8566\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8570,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8566\/revisions\/8570"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8568"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8566"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8566"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8566"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=8566"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\nMahmut Esad K\u0131ra\u00e7\u2019\u0131n \u201cHarf \u0130nk\u0131lab\u0131 ve Tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131lar\u0131 ile
\n<\/em>Prof. Dr. Ahmet Bican Ercilasun\u2019un \u201cNihal Ats\u0131z ve Tarih\u00e7ili\u011fi \u00dczerine\u201d\u00a0 konu\u015fmas\u0131<\/em>n\u0131n
\n<\/em>bir derlemesi olarak yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\nBir gecede cahil kalmadan \u00f6nce (!)<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u0130lk genel n\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Osmanl\u0131 aristokrasisinden bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Anadolu\u2019dan Bat\u0131\u2019ya Do\u011fru<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Dedelerimizin mezar ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131 okuyam\u0131yoruz<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u0130lk \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar <\/strong><\/h2>\n
Meclisten ilk sesleni\u015f <\/strong><\/h2>\n
B. Bir gecede cahil kald\u0131ktan sonra (!)<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Ve 1 Kas\u0131m 1928 <\/strong><\/h2>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/huseyin-nihal-atsiz_9209-768x533.jpg\")
<\/p>\nAts\u0131z Be\u011f ve harf ink\u0131lab\u0131 <\/strong><\/h2>\n
Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Kaynaklar:<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\n