{"id":9394,"date":"2020-02-05T19:30:53","date_gmt":"2020-02-05T16:30:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/?p=9394"},"modified":"2020-02-04T18:33:39","modified_gmt":"2020-02-04T15:33:39","slug":"abd-cin-ticaret-savaslari-ve-anlasmanin-tarim-uzerine-etkileri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/abd-cin-ticaret-savaslari-ve-anlasmanin-tarim-uzerine-etkileri\/","title":{"rendered":"ABD-\u00c7in ticaret sava\u015flar\u0131 ve anla\u015fman\u0131n tar\u0131m \u00fczerine etkileri"},"content":{"rendered":"
    \n
  1. \"ABD<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

     <\/p>\n

    ABD ve \u00c7in aras\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131ld\u0131r kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 hamlelerle s\u00fcren ticaret sava\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcrecine 15 Ocak’ta imzalanan bir ticaret anla\u015fmas\u0131yla ara verildi. <\/em><\/p>\n

    ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Donald Trump ile \u00c7in Devlet Ba\u015fkan Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Liu He, Beyaz Saray\u2019da d\u00fczenlenen t\u00f6renle ABD-\u00c7in birinci faz ticaret anla\u015fmas\u0131na imza att\u0131.<\/p>\n

    Anla\u015fma kapsam\u0131nda Trump y\u00f6netimi 112 milyar Dolarl\u0131k \u00c7in \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcne uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergisini y\u00fczde 15\u2019ten y\u00fczde 7\u2019ye indirmeyi kabul etti. Ayr\u0131ca \u00c7in\u2019in ABD\u2019ye yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 tar\u0131msal ihracat\u0131n y\u0131lda 26 milyar dolar\u0131 a\u015fmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, \u00c7in\u2019den iki y\u0131l boyunca y\u0131lda 40 milyar tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc almay\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

    ABD ve \u00c7in aras\u0131nda son birka\u00e7 y\u0131ld\u0131r ya\u015fanan Ticaret Sava\u015flar\u0131<\/em>\u2019nda d\u00fcnya olduk\u00e7a tedirgin g\u00fcnler ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Konu hakk\u0131nda baz\u0131 uzman ve siyasiler bu durumun uzun zaman s\u00fcrebilece\u011fini ve \u00fclkelerin tar\u0131m \u00fcretiminin ve ticaretinin bundan farkl\u0131 \u015fekillerde etkilenebilece\u011fini belirtirken, baz\u0131lar\u0131 ise ABD ve \u00c7in\u2019in g\u00fcmr\u00fck tarife pazarl\u0131klar\u0131 ve \u00f6zellikle \u00c7in\u2019in tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc ithalat taahh\u00fctleri ile anla\u015fmaya varabileceklerini belirtmekteydi.<\/p>\n

    Eyl\u00fcl 2019\u2019da \u201cDe\u011firmen\u201d<\/em> dergisinin tah\u0131l piyasalar\u0131<\/a>\u00a0ile ilgili uluslararas\u0131 etkinliklerin en \u00e7ok aranan isimlerinden biri olan Pedro H. Dejneka ile yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cABD-\u00c7in ticaret sava\u015flar\u0131, k\u00fcresel tah\u0131l ticaretinin ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 yeniden \u015fekillendirebilir\u201d<\/em> ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u00f6zel bir r\u00f6portajda Dejneka;<\/strong> \u201cMevcut jeopolitik geli\u015fmelerin k\u00fcresel g\u0131da g\u00fcvencesini risk alt\u0131na sokaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fcyorum. ABD ile Rusya aras\u0131nda 1980\u2019lerdeki\u00a0<\/em>bu\u011fday<\/em><\/a>\u00a0ambargosunu ve bunun Rusya\u2019n\u0131n d\u00fcnya\u00a0<\/em>bu\u011fday<\/em><\/a>\u00a0ticaretindeki rol\u00fcn\u00fc nas\u0131l \u015fekillendirdi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn. \u0130\u015fte ABD ile \u00c7in aras\u0131ndaki ticaret sava\u015flar\u0131, gelecek y\u0131llarda k\u00fcresel ticaret ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirme potansiyeli bak\u0131m\u0131ndan benzer bir role sahip. Bu gerilim, ABD d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki \u00fclkelerdeki \u00fcretimin artmas\u0131n\u0131, ABD\u2019de de daha verimli g\u0131da \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 te\u015fvik edebilir. Bu da potansiyel olarak neticede daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck g\u0131da fiyatlar\u0131 demek olur.\u201d<\/em> demi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

    Dejneka ile yap\u0131lan r\u00f6portajda tah\u0131l pazarlar\u0131n\u0131 etkileyen dinamikler \u00fczerine de\u011ferlendirmelerde bulundu ve ileriye y\u00f6nelik \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclerinde ABD ile \u00c7in aras\u0131ndaki ticaret sava\u015flar\u0131na \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki bir y\u0131l i\u00e7inde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bulunmas\u0131 ihtimalini \u201c\u00e7ok uzak\u201d olarak g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, mevcut durumda \u201cK\u00fcresel tah\u0131l ticaretini etkileyen en \u00f6nemli fakt\u00f6rler\u201d<\/em> olarak mevcut jeopolitik ortam\u0131n k\u00fcresel tah\u0131l ticaretine \u00e7ok zarar verdi\u011fini ve b\u00fcy\u00fck bir belirsizlik getirdi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. Buna b\u00fcy\u00fck ekonomilerin \u00e7ok k\u0131r\u0131lgan durumunun eklenmesi ve benzeri g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f bir borcun olmas\u0131, k\u00fcresel tah\u0131l ticareti tarihinin en oynak ve belirsiz ortamlar\u0131ndan birinin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na neden oldu\u011funu da vurgulad\u0131.<\/p>\n

    Son y\u0131llarda, d\u00fcnyadaki tah\u0131l ve emtia ticaretine h\u00e2kim olan monoton i\u015f modelinde b\u00fcy\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fiklikler oldu\u011funu, teknolojinin geli\u015fmesi ve \u00f6zellikle son 10-15 y\u0131lda bilgiye eri\u015fimin artmas\u0131 ile b\u00fcy\u00fck oyuncular\u0131 di\u011ferlerinden ay\u0131ran \u201cbilgi duvar\u0131\u201dn\u0131n k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclmesiyle, durumun daha fazla \u015feffafl\u0131k ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir marj aray\u0131\u015f\u0131, \u00e7ok daha iyi verimlilik ihtiyac\u0131 ile sonu\u00e7land\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etti.<\/p>\n

    ABD\u2019nin \u00c7in ile olan ticari anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nas\u0131l geli\u015fece\u011fi<\/em> sorusuna verdi\u011fi cevapta, <\/strong>bu i\u015fin do\u011frudan i\u00e7inde olanlar\u0131n bile bu sorunun cevab\u0131n\u0131 bildi\u011fini zannetmedi\u011fini;. ABD ile \u00c7in aras\u0131nda bir \u201ctalepler sava\u015f\u0131<\/em>\u201d oldu\u011funu belirtti. \u00c7in\u2019in kendi pozisyonunu bozmayarak 2020 se\u00e7imlerinde ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Trump\u2019\u0131n kaybedece\u011fi ihtimali \u00fczerine oyununu oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131; ABD\u2019\u2019nin ise i\u00e7eride yeterli siyasi ve sosyal deste\u011fi arkas\u0131na almay\u0131 ba\u015fararak Pekin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc durmaktan da \u00f6te agresif ad\u0131mlar bile atabilece\u011fini ifade etti. Ancak ABD ile \u00c7in aras\u0131nda yak\u0131n zaman \u00f6nce imzalanm\u0131\u015f olan Anla\u015fma, uluslararas\u0131 uzman ve stratej\u0131st Dejneka\u2019\u0131 hakl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    K\u00fcresel g\u0131da g\u00fcvencesi i\u00e7in istikrarl\u0131 bir tah\u0131l ticareti \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli. Bununla birlikte, ABD ile \u00c7in aras\u0131ndaki ticaret sava\u015f\u0131 bunun tehditlere a\u00e7\u0131k ve risk alt\u0131nda oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterdi. Tah\u0131l ticaretini bu gibi risklerden korumak i\u00e7in neler yap\u0131labilir sorusuna Dejneka verdi\u011fi cevapta; son on y\u0131lda esas tah\u0131l \u00fcretiminin co\u011frafi olarak ne kadar farkl\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131n\u0131rsa, -G\u00fcney Amerika ve Karadeniz\u2019in tah\u0131l ve ya\u011fl\u0131 tohumlar \u00fcretiminde ne kadar b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn- d\u00fcnya tah\u0131l ticaretinin bug\u00fcn baz\u0131 jeopolitik risklerin yan etkilerine, ge\u00e7mi\u015fte oldu\u011fundan daha fazla dayanabilece\u011fine inand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti. Mevcut jeopolitik geli\u015fmelerin k\u00fcresel g\u0131da g\u00fcvencesini risk alt\u0131na sokaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmedi\u011fini de ekledi. ABD ile Rusya aras\u0131nda 1980\u2019lerdeki bu\u011fday ambargosunu ve bunun Rusya\u2019n\u0131n d\u00fcnya bu\u011fday ticaretindeki rol\u00fcn\u00fc nas\u0131l tekrar \u015fekillendirdi\u011fini \u00f6rnek vererek, mevcut durumun sadece k\u00fcresel g\u0131da ticaretinin y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc de\u011fi\u015ftirebilece\u011fini ifade etti.<\/p>\n

    \u0130\u015fte ABD ile \u00c7in aras\u0131ndaki bu ticaret sava\u015f\u0131, gelecek y\u0131llarda k\u00fcresel ticaret ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirme potansiyeli bak\u0131m\u0131ndan benzer bir role sahip oldu\u011funu, ancak bu sava\u015f, (ekime a\u00e7\u0131lan) geni\u015f topraklar ve yeni\u00a0\u00fcretim<\/a>\u00a0teknolojileri sayesinde k\u00fcresel g\u0131da g\u00fcvencesi risk alt\u0131na sokmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulad\u0131. Aksine, anla\u015fmazl\u0131k durumunun ABD d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki \u00fclkelerdeki \u00fcretimin artmas\u0131n\u0131, ABD\u2019de de daha verimli g\u0131da \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 te\u015fvik edebilir\u00a0 olmas\u0131yla potansiyel olarak neticede daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck g\u0131da fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu olabilece\u011fini belirtti.<\/p>\n

    Tah\u0131l piyasalar\u0131 i\u00e7in en b\u00fcy\u00fck risklerden biri olan korumac\u0131 politikalar\u0131n ticaret sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n devam etmesiyle k\u00fcresel \u00e7apta korumac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n y\u00fckseli\u015fine neden olup olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sorusuna Dejneka, serbest ticaret ile korumac\u0131l\u0131k aras\u0131nda bir denge noktas\u0131 oldu\u011funu ve ancak \u015fimdi buradan \u00e7ok uzakta olundu\u011funu ve durumun \u015fimdi korumac\u0131l\u0131k taraf\u0131na d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yledi. Dejneka konu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle s\u00f6yledi; \u201cUmuyorum ve inan\u0131yorum ki serbest ticaret ile belli bir doza kadar gerekli olan korumac\u0131l\u0131k aras\u0131nda sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir noktaya geri d\u00f6n\u00fclecektir. Ticaret sava\u015f\u0131, bana g\u00f6re asl\u0131nda kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furuyor: baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerde daha fazla korumac\u0131l\u0131k, di\u011fer b\u00f6lgelerde daha serbest ticareti ate\u015fliyor. Ger\u00e7ekten ilgin\u00e7 bir paradoks\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n

    \u201c<\/strong>Brezilya tar\u0131m arazilerini geni\u015fletme ve artan d\u00fcnya n\u00fcfusunu besleme a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir potansiyele sahip. Brezilya\u2019n\u0131n gelecekte d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck tah\u0131l ihracat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 haline gelece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor musunuz<\/em>?\u201d sorusuna ise Dejneka; Brezilya\u2019n\u0131n zaten daha fazla b\u00fcy\u00fcme kapasitesine sahip en b\u00fcy\u00fck oyunculardan biri oldu\u011funu, ekilebilir tar\u0131m arazisi mevcudiyeti, iklimi, geli\u015fen teknoloji ve uzmanl\u0131k sayesinde \u00fcretimdeki b\u00fcy\u00fcme potansiyeline ayak uyduracak \u015fekilde lojistik imkanlar\u0131n\u0131 da geli\u015ftirmeye devam ediyor oldu\u011fu \u015feklinde cevapland\u0131rd\u0131. [<\/sup>1<\/sup><\/a>]<\/sup><\/p>\n

    ABD-\u00c7in ticaret sava\u015f\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye yarad\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n

    P\u0131nar \u00c7elik\u2019in <\/a>ekonomi<\/a> haberinde; \u201c ABD<\/em><\/a>–<\/em>\u00c7in<\/em><\/a>\u00a0ticaret sava\u015f\u0131\u00a0<\/em>T\u00fcrkiye<\/em><\/a>\u2019nin bu iki \u00fclkeye ihracat\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131racak. T\u00fcrkiye ABD\u2019ye haz\u0131r giyim ve tekstil, \u00c7in\u2019e ise taze meyve-sebze ve tah\u0131l \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc ihra\u00e7 etmek i\u00e7in d\u00f6rt koldan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelere ba\u015flad\u0131. \u0130ki dev pazardan daha fazla pay al\u0131nmas\u0131 bekleniyor.<\/em>\u201d demekteydi.<\/p>\n

    \u00c7elik yaz\u0131s\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle devam etti: \u201c\u00c7in’in, ABD’den tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnleri al\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7ici olarak durduruldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 ise T\u00fcrkiye’nin \u00c7in’e tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ihracat\u0131 i\u00e7in f\u0131rsat yaratt\u0131. DE\u0130K T\u00fcrkiye- \u00c7in \u0130\u015f Konseyi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Murat Kolba\u015f\u0131, ABD ile \u00c7in aras\u0131ndaki bu gerginli\u011fin T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in bir f\u0131rsat olabilece\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. Turun\u00e7giller ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere, T\u00fcrkiye’de yeti\u015fen b\u00fct\u00fcn ya\u015f sebze ve meyveler ile tah\u0131llarda potansiyel oldu\u011funun alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izen Kolba\u015f\u0131, \u00c7in’in ABD’den ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn T\u00fcrkiye’de \u00fcretildi\u011fini vurgulad\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye ve \u00c7in aras\u0131nda tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ticaretine y\u00f6nelik ikili anla\u015fma bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret eden Kolba\u015f\u0131, “Bu \u00fcr\u00fcnlerdeki ikili anla\u015fmalar\u0131 h\u0131zla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirip ondan sonra da tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini oraya ihra\u00e7 etmemiz gerekiyor. Son d\u00f6nemde f\u0131st\u0131k gibi kuruyemi\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinde yapt\u0131k bunu. Daha sonra kirazda yap\u0131ld\u0131. Nar gibi, turun\u00e7gil gibi di\u011fer \u00fcr\u00fcnlerle ilgili de g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyoruz”.<\/p>\n

    T\u00fcrkiye Tar\u0131m Kredi Kooperatifleri Merkez Birli\u011fi (Tar\u0131m Kredi) Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Fahrettin Poyraz\u2019\u0131n \u00c7in’den\u00a0<\/strong>kiraz ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere meyve talebinin y\u00fcksek oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015f oldu\u011funu aktaran \u00c7elik; Uluda\u011f Ya\u015f Meyve Sebze \u0130hracat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 Birli\u011fi (UYMS\u0130B) Ba\u015fkan Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Semih Yazgan\u2019\u0131n da, \u00c7in ile ABD’nin ekonomik anlamdaki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrk ya\u015f sebze ve meyve sekt\u00f6r\u00fc i\u00e7in avantaj haline geldi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi\u011fini, yaz\u0131s\u0131nda ifade etti. [<\/sup>2<\/sup><\/a>]<\/sup><\/p>\n

    ABD tar\u0131m\u0131na y\u00f6nelik ticaret sava\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n bedeli nedir?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

    Menzie Chinn ve <\/a>Bill Plumley\u2019\u0131n, <\/a>Econofact<\/em><\/a> dergisinde yay\u0131nlanan \u201cABD tar\u0131m\u0131na y\u00f6nelik ticaret sava\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n bedeli nedir<\/em>?\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda, ABD tar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n, \u00f6zellikle \u00c7in’le olan ticaret sava\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131nda yakaland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n

    Bu uzmanlar\u0131n ifadesine g\u00f6re; ABD Uluslararas\u0131 Ticaret \u0130daresi’ne g\u00f6re, \u00c7in’in Amerikan tar\u0131msal ihracat\u0131 2017’de 15,8 milyar Dolardan 2018’de 5,9 milyar Dolara d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc ve ihracat 2019’da geriledi.<\/p>\n

    Yak\u0131n zamanda imzalanan A\u015fama 1 ABD-\u00c7in anla\u015fmas\u0131 biraz rahatlama vaat ediyor olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n belirsizli\u011fini korudu\u011funu vurgulayan bu uzmanlar, ABD h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin bu anla\u015fmaya ili\u015fkin yorumunun, \u00c7in’in 2020’de 40 milyar Dolarl\u0131k tar\u0131msal \u00fcr\u00fcn sat\u0131n alaca\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde oldu\u011funu ifade ettiler. Baz\u0131 analistler, ABD’nin \u015fimdiye kadar ihra\u00e7 etti\u011fi en y\u00fcksek tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnleri seviyesi g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, bu tahminlerin ne kadar ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i oldu\u011funu sorgulad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

    Bununla birlikte, anla\u015fman\u0131n ABD tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin ithalat\u0131 i\u00e7in feragat yoluyla baz\u0131 tarife indirimi sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131na \u015f\u00fcphe olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtildi. Son iki y\u0131lda ticaret gerilimlerinin neden oldu\u011fu tar\u0131m sekt\u00f6r\u00fcndeki aksakl\u0131klar\u0131n daha uzun s\u00fcreli etkilere sahip olup olmayaca\u011f\u0131 daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir soru olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131zda var olacak endi\u015fesi ortaya kondu.<\/p>\n

    \u00c7in, Kanada, Meksika, T\u00fcrkiye ve Avrupa Birli\u011fi \u00fcyeleri taraf\u0131ndan Trump y\u00f6netimi taraf\u0131ndan uygulanan tarifelere misilleme, ABD tar\u0131msal gelirlerinden bir par\u00e7a koparm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu, ayr\u0131ca tar\u0131m sekt\u00f6r\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lan makine, ekipman ve yap\u0131lar\u0131n maliyetlerini de art\u0131rm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu vurguland\u0131.<\/p>\n

    Ancak b\u00fcy\u00fck ve benzeri g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f federal yard\u0131mlar olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, tar\u0131m gelirleri 2019’da hi\u00e7bir art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6stermedi\u011fi, bu yard\u0131mla bile, tar\u0131m sekt\u00f6r\u00fc, bor\u00e7lar\u0131n artmas\u0131, \u00f6deme g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn azalmas\u0131 ve artan say\u0131da iflas ile stres belirtileri g\u00f6stermeye devam etti\u011fi bu uzmanlarca yaz\u0131da ifade edildi.<\/p>\n

    Ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en uzman yazarlar yaz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131nda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki yorumlar\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: \u201c Bir\u00e7ok \u00fclke, Trump y\u00f6netiminin ihracatlar\u0131na ili\u015fkin tarifelerine yan\u0131t olarak ABD tar\u0131m ihracatlar\u0131na misilleme tarifeleri uygulad\u0131. \u0130hracat, \u00f6zellikle 2005’ten bu yana \u00e7iftlik gelirinin \u00f6nemli bir bile\u015feni olmu\u015ftur. 2018’de \u00c7in taraf\u0131ndan neredeyse t\u00fcm ABD tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnlerine tarifeler uyguland\u0131; T\u00fcrkiye taraf\u0131ndan kabuklu yemi\u015fler, pirin\u00e7, baz\u0131 haz\u0131r yiyecekler, viski ve t\u00fct\u00fcn. Bu tarifelerin bir\u00e7o\u011fu, devam eden m\u00fczakerelerin bir sonucu olarak kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \u201cTicaret sava\u015flar\u0131\u201d n\u0131n ABD tar\u0131m maliyetleri ve gelirleri \u00fczerinde ba\u015fka dolayl\u0131 etkileri de olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

    \u00c7ift\u00e7iler, 2019 Mart ay\u0131nda Federal Reserve\u2019\u00fcn \u201cBej Kitap\u201d anketine daha y\u00fcksek ekipman maliyetleri ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck emtia fiyatlar\u0131 ile artan girdi maliyetleri aras\u0131nda s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 bildirdi.<\/p>\n

    2019’da \u00e7iftlik iflaslar\u0131, bir \u00f6nceki y\u0131la g\u00f6re y\u00fczde 24 oran\u0131nda artm\u0131\u015f ve 2011’den bu yana en y\u00fcksek y\u0131ll\u0131k d\u00fczeyde olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

    Federal h\u00fck\u00fcmet, 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7ift\u00e7ilere e\u015fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f d\u00fczeyde finansal destek sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; ancak bunun i\u00e7in, 2018-2019 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ek \u00e7iftlik gelirinde b\u00fcy\u00fcme olmad\u0131.\u201d [<\/sup>3<\/sup><\/a>]<\/sup><\/p>\n

    ABD ile \u00c7in ticaret anla\u015fmas\u0131, ekonomik ve siyasi rekabeti hafifletecek mi?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

    ABD ve \u00c7in aras\u0131nda imzalanan ticaret anla\u015fmas\u0131 neler getiriyor?<\/em> diye 19 Ocak 2020 tarihli yaz\u0131s\u0131nda sorgulayan iktisat\u00e7\u0131 Ergin Y\u0131ld\u0131zo\u011flu; bu anla\u015fma iki \u00fclke aras\u0131nda ba\u015flayan yeni s\u00fcrecin ilk a\u015famas\u0131 olarak niteleniyor oldu\u011funu belirtikten sonra; birinci a\u015famada \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclemeyen ya da g\u00fcndeme al\u0131nmayan sorunlar ikinci a\u015famada ele al\u0131naca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ancak ikinci a\u015faman\u0131n g\u00fcndemi, hatta tarihi hen\u00fcz belli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da belirti.<\/p>\n

    \u201cD\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck iki ekonomisi aras\u0131nda kronik bir yava\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fcme, h\u0131zla \u015fi\u015fmeye devam eden ve her an patlamas\u0131 olas\u0131 bir bor\u00e7 k\u00f6p\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, bu y\u0131l\u0131n D\u00fcnya Ekonomik Forumu Risk Raporu’nda birinci s\u0131raya y\u00fckselen iklim krizi ortam\u0131nda, ticaret sava\u015flar\u0131na ara vererek gerginlikleri azaltacak, i\u015f birli\u011fi ortam\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacak bir anla\u015fma ilk bak\u0131\u015fta olduk\u00e7a rahatlat\u0131c\u0131.\u201d \u015feklinde umutvar a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131 ekledi.<\/p>\n

    Bu anla\u015fmayla \u00c7in, ABD’den gelecek iki y\u0131l boyunca, y\u0131lda 40 milyar dolarl\u0131k tar\u0131m ve g\u0131da mallar\u0131 ithal etmeyi,\u00a0buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, ABD, \u00c7in’den gelen mallara uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortalama y\u00fczde 19 d\u00fczeyinde vergiye yenilerini eklememeyi taahh\u00fct etti\u011fini aktar\u0131yor Y\u0131ld\u0131zo\u011flu.<\/p>\n

    Bu noktada birinci sorunun, ABD \u00e7ift\u00e7isinin ve g\u0131da end\u00fcstrisinin bu talebi yerine getirmesine ili\u015fkin ku\u015fkulardan kaynaklan\u0131yor oldu\u011funu, ABD’nin \u00c7in’e tar\u0131m g\u0131da \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ihracat\u0131n\u0131n zirve yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131l olan 2013’te ithalat hacmi 13 milyar dolar oldu\u011funu ve anla\u015fman\u0131n birinci a\u015famas\u0131nda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen miktar\u0131n 11 milyar dolar alt\u0131nda kalm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu aktarmakta.<\/p>\n

    ABD’nin \u00c7in \u00fcr\u00fcnlerine koydu\u011fu ithalat vergileri kalkmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, bu vergilerin t\u00fcm y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fcstlenmek durumunda olan ABD t\u00fcketicisinin sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n hafiflemiyor oldu\u011funu belirten yazar; Trump\u2019\u0131n, \u00c7in’e uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n sonucunda olu\u015fan bas\u0131nc\u0131 azaltmak i\u00e7in de tar\u0131m \u00fcreticisine 28 milyar dolar (2009’daki oto end\u00fcstrisi kurtarma paketinin iki misli) destek vermek zorunda kalm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu \u00f6nemle vurgulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. [<\/sup>4<\/sup><\/a>]<\/sup><\/p>\n

    ABD-\u00c7\u0130N aras\u0131ndaki bu ticaret anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n yeni bir d\u00f6nemin i\u015fareti olup olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bu i\u015f birli\u011finin devam edemeyece\u011fini ve \u00c7in\u2019in ekonomide bir numara olmas\u0131 durumunda nas\u0131l davranaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bekleyip g\u00f6rece\u011fiz\u2026<\/p>\n

    Kaynaklar:<\/strong><\/h2>\n

    [1] https:\/\/www.millermagazine.com\/abd-cin-ticaret-savaslari-kuresel-tahil-ticaretinin-akisini-yeniden-sekillendirebilir\/.html<\/a>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    [2] https:\/\/www.sabah.com.tr\/ekonomi\/2019\/08\/14\/abd-cin-ticaret-savasi-turkiyeye-yaradi<\/a><\/p>\n

    [3] https:\/\/www.pbs.org\/newshour\/economy\/making-sense\/what-is-the-toll-of-trade-wars-on-u-s-agriculture<\/a><\/p>\n

    [4] https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/turkce\/haberler-dunya-51152022<\/a><\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    ABD ve \u00c7in aras\u0131nda kronikle\u015fen ticaret sava\u015f\u0131 T\u00fcrk ekonomisi \u00fczerine ciddi etkiler b\u0131rak\u0131yor. Yap\u0131lan son ticaret anla\u015fmas\u0131 \u00f6zelinde iki k\u00fcresel ekonomi devi aras\u0131ndaki rekabet ili\u015fkileri T\u00fcrk ekonomisi i\u00e7in bir rota belirleme zorunlulu\u011fu do\u011furuyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":9396,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_ef_editorial_meta_date_first-draft-date":"","_ef_editorial_meta_paragraph_assignment":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[59,63,66],"tags":[],"coauthors":[23],"class_list":["post-9394","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-abd","category-ekonomi","category-siyaset-tarih"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9394","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/21"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9394"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9394\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9436,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9394\/revisions\/9436"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9396"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9394"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9394"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9394"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=9394"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}