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D\u00fcnya dergisi (Bak\u00fc), Say\u0131 1, 1993, s. 20-22. <\/em> Bug\u00fcn Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler Te\u015fkilat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n binas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin al bayra\u011f\u0131 ile yan yana Azerbaycan, \u00d6zbekistan, Kazakistan, K\u0131rg\u0131zistan ve T\u00fcrkmenistan\u2019\u0131n da bayraklar\u0131 dalgalanmaktad\u0131r. Bu T\u00fcrk d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n tarihinde, \u015f\u00fcphesiz \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir d\u00f6nem olay\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak h\u00e2l\u00e2 bir\u00e7ok T\u00fcrk yurtlar\u0131 esir durumdad\u0131r. Yeni T\u00fcrk devletleri ayakta duramayan yeni do\u011fmu\u015f \u00e7ocu\u011fa benzemektedir; hatta bir\u00e7ok T\u00fcrk yurtlar\u0131nda kan ak\u0131t\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Menfaatlerin \u00e7arp\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fcnyam\u0131zda; T\u00fcrk d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 da ayaklanm\u0131\u015f ve bu do\u011fal gidi\u015fat\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na set \u00e7ekmek i\u00e7in gece g\u00fcnd\u00fcz \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. B\u00f6yle bir d\u00f6nemde elbette T\u00fcrk d\u00fcnyas\u0131 jeopolitik durumunu kavramal\u0131, dostunu d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n\u0131 iyice tan\u0131mal\u0131d\u0131r. Akla gelen ilk do\u011fal fikir ise T\u00fcrk d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fmesi fikridir. Ortak T\u00fcrk siyasi fikrine, uzun zamand\u0131r T\u00fcrk Birli\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi d\u00e2hil olmu\u015f, de\u011fi\u015fken \u015fartlar\u0131n etkisi ile yeni \u015fekiller alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn s\u00f6z konusu miras ne derecede g\u00fcnceldir, ondan faydalana bilinir mi?<\/p>\n Bir as\u0131rdan uzun zamand\u0131r T\u00fcrk halklar\u0131n\u0131n fikir hayat\u0131n\u0131 Turan \u00fclk\u00fcs\u00fc (mefk\u00fbresi) me\u015fgul etmektedir. D\u00fcnya T\u00fcrkolojisi de bu kadar \u00fcz\u00fcn s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde bu meseleyi merce\u011fine alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrkl\u00fck dostu onu tabi\u00ee siyasal-ideolojik hareket saym\u0131\u015f, d\u00fc\u015fman ise g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc yaparak d\u00fcnyay\u0131 onunla korkutmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00dcstelik kendi i\u00e7imizde de \u201cTuran\u201d dedi\u011fimizde eli aya\u011f\u0131 titreyen mankurtlar olmu\u015ftur, \u015fimdi de az de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n Bu konu\u015fmam\u0131z Turanc\u0131l\u0131k ideolojisi tarihini ara\u015ft\u0131rmak amac\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131yor. Tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n i\u00e7erik ve \u00f6nemine varmak da akl\u0131m\u0131zda yoktur. Bu do\u011frultuda ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f T\u00fcrk fikir hayat\u0131 i\u00e7in son derece g\u00fcncel ve faydal\u0131 olmas\u0131 notuyla yetinerek, Turanc\u0131l\u0131k tarihinde \u00f6nemli sayd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z baz\u0131 hususlar\u0131, konu\u015fmam\u0131z\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na getirmeyi zorunlu sayd\u0131k.<\/p>\n 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131ndan Avrupa ve Rusya\u2019da milliyet\u00e7ilik hareketleri yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, Slav \u00fclkelerinde panslavizm (Slav birli\u011fi), par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015f Alman topraklar\u0131nda pangermenizm (Alman birli\u011fi) vs. birle\u015ftirici ak\u0131mlar ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Panslavizmin etkisi alt\u0131nda Slav olmayan halklar\u0131n ayd\u0131n kesimi yollar aramakta, fikirler ileri s\u00fcrmekteydi. \u0130\u015fte panslavizm, k\u0131smen de pangermanizmin etkisi alt\u0131nda Macar ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda \u201cTuran\u201d anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 bilim hayat\u0131na getirdiler. Kanlar\u0131nda eski Hunlar\u2019\u0131n kan\u0131n\u0131n akt\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan gurur duyan Macar \u00e2limleri; \u201cTuran\u201d co\u011frafyas\u0131na T\u00fcrk, Mo\u011fol, Tunguz, Fin-Ugor, Macar topraklar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00e2hil ettiler.<\/p>\n Turan, co\u011fraf\u00ee anlamda bir zamanlar \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n kuzey-do\u011fusuna denilmi\u015f, mitoloji ve edebiyatta (mesela; Firdevsi\u2019nin \u2018\u015eahname\u2019 eserinde) ad\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Siyas\u00ee anlamda ise \u201cTuran, b\u00fct\u00fcn T\u00fcrklerin ge\u00e7mi\u015fte ve belki de gelecekte bir ger\u00e7ek olan b\u00fcy\u00fck vatan\u0131d\u0131r\u201d (Z. G\u00f6kalp) \u015feklini alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Macar T\u00fcrkologlar\u0131n\u0131n faydaland\u0131klar\u0131 \u201cTuran\u201d anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131, Rusya \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nda ya\u015fayan T\u00fcrk halklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fcl temsilcilerinin dikkatini \u00e7ekmi\u015f, onlar aras\u0131nda 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l boyu y\u00fckselen T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fck ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n siyasi taraf\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fkil etmi\u015ftir. 1883 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u201cTerc\u00fcman\u201d gazetesini tesis etmi\u015f \u0130smail Gasp\u0131ral\u0131 (Gaspr\u0131nsk\u0131) \u201cDilde, fikirde, i\u015fte birlik!\u201d d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesini ileri s\u00fcrd\u00fc. Ali H\u00fcseyinzade (Turan) 1890\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cTuran\u201d \u015fiiri ile siyasi Turanc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n (T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn) m\u00fcjdesini verdi. Macarlara hitaben H\u00fcseyinzade yazd\u0131: \u201cSizsiniz, ey g\u00f6vm-i Macar, bizlere ihvan, Ecdad\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n m\u00fc\u015ftereken men\u015fei Turan.\u201d<\/em> Bu \u015fiirine ve \u0130stanbul\u2019da ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman bu y\u00f6nde fikirlerine g\u00f6re Yusuf Ak\u00e7ura ve Ziya G\u00f6kalp, Ali H\u00fcseyinzade\u2019yi \u201c\u0130lk Turanc\u0131\u201d olarak adland\u0131rm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n Burada \u015funu da ilave edelim; bu zaman Avrupa\u2019da b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Gobineau\u2019nun \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k teorisi Turanc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 etkisi alt\u0131na alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceye uygun olarak Turanc\u0131lar; T\u00fcrk halklar\u0131n\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ftiren ba\u011f\u0131n \u0131rk birli\u011finden ibaret olmas\u0131n\u0131 kabul ediyorlard\u0131. Fakat T\u00fcrk d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrlerinin eserlerinde bol bol rastlanan \u201c\u0131rk\u201d, \u201csoy\u201d kelimeleri \u015fovenist ruhtan uzak olmu\u015f, savunmac\u0131 nitelik ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bilimin sonraki geli\u015fmesi ile reddedilen bu zay\u0131f ideoloji temele bakmaks\u0131z\u0131n, Turanc\u0131l\u0131k T\u00fcrk halklar\u0131n\u0131n hayat\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck rol oynad\u0131. T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fck ideolo\u011funa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f Ziya G\u00f6kalp\u2019in vurgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi \u201cTuran \u00fclk\u00fcs\u00fc olmasayd\u0131, T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fck bu s\u00fcratle yay\u0131lmayacakt\u0131.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n Daha sonra, \u00f6zellikle Gen\u00e7 T\u00fcrkler ink\u0131lab\u0131ndan sonra Turan anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 Milli ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 (T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcleri) aras\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde yay\u0131ld\u0131. Ziya G\u00f6kalp az bir zaman sonra \u201cTuran\u201d \u015fiirinde \u015f\u00f6yle yazd\u0131: \u201cVatan ne T\u00fcrkiye\u2019dir T\u00fcrklere, ne T\u00fcrkistan; Vatan b\u00fcy\u00fck ve m\u00fcebbet bir \u00fclkedir: Turan.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n Fakat demeliyiz ki; Turanc\u0131l\u0131k, Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nda hi\u00e7bir zaman, hatta Enver Pa\u015fa zaman\u0131nda bile devlet siyaseti seviyesine \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131. O d\u00f6nem T\u00fcrk d\u00fcnyas\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrlerine g\u00f6re Turan – Osmanl\u0131 sultan\u0131n\u0131n (halifenin) bayra\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00fcn T\u00fcrk \u00fclkelerinin birle\u015fmesi hayal edilirdi. Bu idea (\u00fclk\u00fc) en \u00e7ok Rusya T\u00fcrklerinin dikkatini \u00e7ekti, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc Rusya zulm\u00fcnden kurtulmak istiyorlard\u0131 ve Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu do\u011fal m\u00fcttefikti.<\/p>\n B\u00fcy\u00fck fikir bahad\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n ileri s\u00fcrd\u00fckleri Turan mefk\u00fbresi 1. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 ve ondan sonraki siyasi olaylar s\u00fcresince ger\u00e7ekle\u015femedi. Ba\u015fl\u0131ca sebeplerini g\u00f6sterelim.<\/p>\n Birincisi, T\u00fcrkl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn biricik dayana\u011f\u0131 ve \u00fcmit yeri diye bilinen Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu sava\u015fta ma\u011flup oldu. Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu sadece Rusya ve ba\u015fka devletlerdeki T\u00fcrk mill\u00ee hareketlerini savunamad\u0131, hatta kendi topraklar\u0131n\u0131n da b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti.<\/p>\n \u0130kincisi ve en \u00f6nemlisi; T\u00fcrk halklar\u0131n\u0131n jeopolitik durumu (b\u00fcy\u00fck, da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k arazini kapsamas\u0131, bu araziler aras\u0131nda T\u00fcrk olmayanlar\u0131n yerle\u015fmesi vb.), T\u00fcrk halklar\u0131n\u0131n ulusal hareketlerinin farkl\u0131 geli\u015fim seviyesi ve aralar\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkilerin zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden T\u00fcrk d\u00fcnyas\u0131ndaki hareketler ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa u\u011frad\u0131.<\/p>\n Tarih\u00ee tecr\u00fcbe bir ba\u015fka sebebi daha ortaya koydu. Bu, ulusal s\u00fcrecin h\u0131zla geli\u015fti\u011fi 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonu, 20.y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda, Rusya’daki T\u00fcrk halklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yerel milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fin y\u00fckselmesiydi. Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nun en yak\u0131n\u0131ndaki Azerbaycan \u00f6rne\u011fi bu anlamda dikkat \u00e7ekicidir.<\/p>\n 1918’in ba\u015flar\u0131nda, Azerbaycan\u2019da T\u00fcrkiye ile birle\u015fmek \u2013 ilhak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k hareketi g\u00fc\u00e7lendi. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Ocak 1918’de kurulan Kafkasya \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Partisi program\u0131nda \u201cf\u0131rka her \u015feyden \u00f6nce Kafkasya M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye’ye ilhak\u0131n\u0131 ve hilafet bayra\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda ya\u015famas\u0131n\u0131 talep ediyor.\u201d denilirdi. Bu talebe g\u00f6re May\u0131s 1918’in sonlar\u0131nda Azerbaycan’\u0131n ge\u00e7ici ba\u015fkenti Gence’ye gelen Nuri Pa\u015fa kuvvetleri, Azerbaycan T\u00fcrklerinin fiziksel varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, ayn\u0131 zamanda Azerbaycan\u2019daki irtica g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin de ellerini a\u00e7t\u0131. \u0130lhak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k daha da g\u00fc\u00e7lendi. Azerbaycan’\u0131n ulusal demokratik g\u00fc\u00e7leri bunu engelleyebildi. Azerbaycan Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 N. Yusifbeyli ilhak isteyenlere \u201cAzerbaycan\u2019a bir T\u00fcrk ordusu gelebilir ve gelmelidir. Ama korktu\u011fum bir nokta var, T\u00fcrkler bizi \u0130stanbul’dan y\u00f6netmeye kalkmas\u0131nlar\u2026 Elbette, Osmanl\u0131 T\u00fcrkleri Azeri T\u00fcrklerinin a\u011fabeyidir. Fakat Bak\u00fc, \u0130stanbul’dan idare edilemez.\u201d<\/em> diyordu.<\/p>\n Lenin-Stalin Rusya\u2019s\u0131 di\u011fer uluslar gibi T\u00fcrk halklar\u0131n\u0131n ulusal hareketlerini ac\u0131mas\u0131zca bast\u0131rd\u0131. 1920’lerde kimi T\u00fcrk yurtlar\u0131nda T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fck, kendi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korudu; sonraki d\u00f6nemlerde bu hareketin dibine balta vuruldu; devlet taraf\u0131ndan T\u00fcrk halklar\u0131n\u0131 birbirinden ay\u0131rmak ve mankurtla\u015ft\u0131rma politikas\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. T\u00fcrk halklar\u0131na Sovyet rejimi d\u00f6neminde vurulan darbeyi Azerbaycan \u00f6rne\u011finde \u00f6zetleyelim.<\/p>\n \u00c7arl\u0131k d\u00f6neminde planlanan faaliyetler Sovyet d\u00f6neminde uyguland\u0131. Azerbaycan’\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye’den ay\u0131rmak i\u00e7in Zengezur Ermenistan’a verildi; Bor\u00e7al\u0131 ve Ah\u0131ska T\u00fcrkleri aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkileri koparmak i\u00e7in Ah\u0131ska T\u00fcrklerinin t\u00fcm\u00fc, Bor\u00e7al\u0131 T\u00fcrklerinin ise bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Kazakistan\u2019a s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edildi; 1944 y\u0131l\u0131nda Azerbaycan n\u00fcfusunu Kazakistan’a aktarmak i\u00e7in bir plan haz\u0131rland\u0131; Sovyet Rusya\u2019s\u0131n\u0131n bask\u0131s\u0131 ile Azerbaycan muhaceretinin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki siyasi faaliyeti yasakland\u0131. Sadece T\u00fcrkiye ile de\u011fil, Sovyetler Birli\u011fi’ndeki T\u00fcrk halklar\u0131 ile her t\u00fcrl\u00fc k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve siyasi ili\u015fkiler k\u0131s\u0131tland\u0131. Belki de hi\u00e7bir halka reva g\u00f6r\u00fclmeyen zulm\u00fc Stalinizm Azerbaycan’da hayata ge\u00e7irdi; Azerbaycan’\u0131n yerel T\u00fcrk ahalisine ad\u0131n\u0131 kullanmas\u0131 yasakland\u0131. Yeni kabul edilen Latin alfabesi (T\u00fcrkiye’de de yeni kabul edilen) Kiril alfabesine de\u011fi\u015ftirildi; ortak T\u00fcrk an\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131n an\u0131lmas\u0131 yasakland\u0131. \u201cT\u00fcrkiye casusu\u201d, \u201cPan-t\u00fcrkist\u201d su\u00e7u ile toplumun d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen kesimi yok edildi. K\u0131sacas\u0131 Azerbaycan T\u00fcrklerini mill\u00ee bilin\u00e7ten mahrum etmek i\u00e7in her t\u00fcr fesat \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n Bu y\u0131llarda Azerbaycan siyasi fikrinde T\u00fcrk Birli\u011fi, T\u00fcrk dayan\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 problemine yeni yakla\u015f\u0131n ortaya at\u0131ld\u0131. Azerbaycan siyasi muhacereti tarih\u00ee tecr\u00fcbeyi analiz ederek, T\u00fcrk halklar\u0131n\u0131n bir devlette birle\u015fmesinin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tespit etti; ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i strateji T\u00fcrk halklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ili\u015fkilerin korunmas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne almaktan ibaret olabilirdi. M\u00fcsavat Partisi\u2019nin 1936 program\u0131nda saptand\u0131: \u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrkl\u00fc\u011fe mensup bir memleket hasebiyle Azerbaycan, di\u011fer T\u00fcrk yurtlar\u0131 ile k\u00fclt\u00fcrel surette ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n bundan \u00f6nce oldu\u011fu gibi bundan sonra da korunmas\u0131n\u0131 M\u00fcsavat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k ciddiyetle m\u00fcdafaa eder.\u201d<\/em> M.E. Resulzade, M.B. Memmedzade ve di\u011fer ideologlar \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda \u201cYeni Turan\u201d terimini kullanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Yeni Turan kavram\u0131na g\u00f6re; T\u00fcrk halklar\u0131 kendi ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z devletlerini kurmal\u0131, bu devletleraras\u0131nda yak\u0131n ili\u015fki olu\u015fturulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Asl\u0131nda bu, Turanc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n geli\u015fmesinde yeni bir a\u015fama idi.<\/p>\n 70 y\u0131ll\u0131k Sovyet d\u00f6nemi siyasetinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcndedir. Eski Sovyet T\u00fcrkleri aras\u0131nda ili\u015fkiler kesilmi\u015f, yerel edeb\u00ee diller \u015fekillenmi\u015f, yerel milletlerin olu\u015fmas\u0131 s\u00fcreci tamamlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yani ger\u00e7ek \u015fu ki bug\u00fcn bir devletin (Sovyetler Birli\u011fi) par\u00e7as\u0131 olan T\u00fcrk boylar\u0131 bile kendini ayr\u0131 ulus telakki etmektedir. Ziya G\u00f6kalp\u2019\u0131n \u201cT\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn Esaslar\u0131\u201dnda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcyle vurgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 olay ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir: \u201c\u2026Tatarlar, \u00d6zbekler, K\u0131rg\u0131zlar ayr\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcrler ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131klar\u0131 zaman, ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 milletler halini alacaklar ve bu sebepten dolay\u0131 yaln\u0131z kendi adlar\u0131 ile an\u0131lacaklar.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n Sovyetler Birli\u011fi denilen \u015fer imparatorlu\u011funun da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonraki d\u00f6nemde T\u00fcrk yurtlar\u0131ndaki mill\u00ee hareketlerin gidi\u015fi ispat etti ki bug\u00fcn g\u00fcndemde yaln\u0131z Yeni Turan\u2019\u0131n, yani ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z T\u00fcrk devletlerinin ve onlar aras\u0131nda s\u0131k\u0131 ili\u015fkilerin olu\u015fmas\u0131, T\u00fcrk insan\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f d\u00fcnyaya yak\u0131\u015f\u0131r ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 problemi durmakta. Demek ki Yeni Turan\u2019\u0131n k\u00f6keninde demokrasi, insan haklar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda m\u00fccadele durmaktad\u0131r. Ondan hi\u00e7bir millete asla zarar gelmez. \u0130slam Birli\u011fi (pan-islamizm) denilen ideal \u015fimdi \u0130slam Konferans\u0131 Te\u015fkilat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n timsalinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. On y\u0131llarca \u0130slam \u00e2leminin birli\u011finden korkan Bat\u0131\u2019ya bundan ne zarar geldi? \u00c7e\u015fitli te\u015fkilatlar\u0131 ile Avrupa Birli\u011fi, Arap Devletleri Birli\u011fi olabilirken T\u00fcrk Devletleri Birli\u011fi neden olmas\u0131n? Bu hak i\u015fidir ve b\u00f6yle bir birlik art\u0131k olu\u015fmak \u00fczeredir.<\/p>\n Yakla\u015f\u0131k 200 Milyon n\u00fcfusa sahip T\u00fcrk d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir par\u00e7as\u0131 Azerbaycan T\u00fcrklerinden ibarettir. N\u00fcfusu a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 yukar\u0131 30 milyona sahip Azerbaycan, d\u00fcnya T\u00fcrkleri i\u00e7inde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den sonra ikinci s\u0131rada yer al\u0131yor. D\u00fcnya milletleri s\u0131ralamas\u0131nda ise 32-35. yerde. Kuzey Azerbaycan 86.000 kilometrekarelik bir alana sahiptir. B\u00fct\u00fcn Azerbaycan, 250.000 kilometrekarelik bir toprak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc ile Ortado\u011fu\u2019da \u00f6nemli bir jeopolitik konuma sahiptir. Avrupa’y\u0131 Asya’ya ba\u011flayan Orta \u00c7a\u011flar \u201c\u0130pek Yolu\u201d Azerbaycan topraklar\u0131ndan ge\u00e7er. Ayn\u0131 zamanda Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkleri ile Bat\u0131 T\u00fcrkleri aras\u0131ndaki k\u00f6pr\u00fcd\u00fcr de. T\u00fcrk d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferli siyaset adam\u0131 ve liderlerinden biri M.E. Resulzade 1920’de \u015funlar\u0131 yaz\u0131yordu: \u201cEski Turan’\u0131n g\u00f6be\u011finde Azerbaycan nam\u0131nda bir gen\u00e7, yi\u011fit delikanl\u0131 var. Yeni Turan’\u0131n anahtar\u0131 ondad\u0131r. Onunla \u00f6nceleri anla\u015fmazl\u0131k \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131rsan, \u00f6nce onun g\u00f6nl\u00fcn\u00fc k\u0131r\u0131p kendisine bir zarar verirsen b\u00fct\u00fcn imk\u00e2nlar\u0131n heder, emellerin harap, taht\u0131n da berbat olur.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n T\u00fcrk d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131 Azerbaycan’\u0131n stratejik \u00f6nemini, anahtar konumunu iyice bildikleri i\u00e7in Karaba\u011f sorununu ortaya koydular. S\u00f6z\u00fcm ona Ermeni ideologlar Balayan ve Grigoryan, 1989’da eski Sovyet Silahl\u0131 Kuvvetleri Genelkurmay\u0131\u2019nda \u00fcst d\u00fczey g\u00f6revlilere verdikleri brifingde Karaba\u011f\u2019\u0131n Ermeniler taraf\u0131ndan al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 Turan\u2019\u0131n kurulmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki bir hareket olarak gerek\u00e7elendirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Aras Nehri \u00fczerinde in\u015fa edilen ve T\u00fcrkiye ile Nah\u00e7\u0131van\u2019\u0131 birbirine ba\u011flayan Sederek K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019ne Ermeni bas\u0131n\u0131nda \u201cTuran K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc\u201d deniyor. D\u00fc\u015fman s\u00f6z\u00fcd\u00fcr ama do\u011frudur.<\/p>\n Azerbaycan’\u0131n \u00f6nemini Rusya da iyice idrak etmi\u015ftir. Bundan dolay\u0131 Rus \u015fovenizmi hep Azerbaycan’la ilgili ciddi \u00f6nlemler almaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Zira ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z Azerbaycan’\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Rusya Federasyonu b\u00fcnyesindeki Kuzey Kafkasya ve Volga (\u0130dil) T\u00fcrklerinin ulusal hareketlerini besliyor. Azerbaycan \u00f6rne\u011fi onlar\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k hareketleri i\u00e7in fazlas\u0131yla \u00f6nemli bir fakt\u00f6rd\u00fcr ve bu husus Rusya\u2019y\u0131 rahats\u0131z etmektedir. Orta Asya cumhuriyetlerinin tam ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ve demokratik devletlere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesi, Azerbaycan’\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ve demokratik bir devlet olarak y\u00fckseli\u015fiyle de ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte bunun i\u00e7in Karaba\u011f sorunu T\u00fcrk d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n ortak sorunudur. Yeni T\u00fcrk devletleri, bu problemin Ermeniler lehine neticelenmesi i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan T\u00fcrk d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n etkili \u00f6nlemler almak durumundalar. Meselenin adaletli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in T\u00fcrk d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fbirli\u011fi \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Azerbaycan, bu sorun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc takdirde T\u00fcrk d\u00fcnyas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki borcunu ve tarih\u00ee misyonunu yerine getirebilir. Asl\u0131nda T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn merkezi \u015fimdi kendi Medine\u2019sine ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Yak\u0131n gelecekte kurulacak T\u00fcrk Devletleri Birli\u011fi’nin (veya ba\u015fka bir analojik \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn) merkezinin de Bak\u00fc’de olaca\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n Yukar\u0131da s\u00f6ylediklerimizi \u015f\u00f6yle \u00f6zetleyebiliriz;<\/p>\n Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131n kendi misyonunu yerine getirmesi i\u00e7in bir an \u00f6nce Karaba\u011f sorununu \u00e7\u00f6zmesi gerekiyor. Ayr\u0131ca T\u00fcrk d\u00fcnyas\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 hukuk mekanizmalar\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde Azerbaycan’a yard\u0131m etmek durumundad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\nMakaleyi, Azerbaycan T\u00fcrk\u00e7esi’nden T\u00fcrkiye T\u00fcrk\u00e7esi’ne\u00a0<\/em>
\nAnkara \u00dcniversitesi Dil, Tarih ve Co\u011frafya Fak\u00fcltesi <\/em>
\n\u00c7a\u011fda\u015f T\u00fcrk Leh\u00e7eleri ve Edebiyatlar\u0131 B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc <\/em>
\n\u00f6\u011frencisi Celilhan Kaymaz aktarm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/em>
\n Orijinalin \u00f6zellikleri korunmu\u015ftur. <\/em><\/p>\nTuran neresidir ve Turanc\u0131l\u0131k nedir?<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Yeni Turan mefk\u00fbresi nas\u0131l do\u011fdu?<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131n Yeni Turan\u2019da yeri <\/strong><\/h2>\n
\n