{"id":9961,"date":"2020-05-06T19:30:00","date_gmt":"2020-05-06T16:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/?p=9961&preview=true&preview_id=9961"},"modified":"2020-05-06T17:05:30","modified_gmt":"2020-05-06T14:05:30","slug":"adimiz-tarihimiz-ulkemiz-tarihimiz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/adimiz-tarihimiz-ulkemiz-tarihimiz\/","title":{"rendered":"Ad\u0131m\u0131z \u2013 tarihimiz \u2013 \u00fclkemiz: Tarihimiz"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Anadolu\u2019ya Giri\u015f \u2013 Do\u011fu ve G\u00fcney-Do\u011fu Anadolu\u2019nun k\u0131sa tarihi<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Do\u011fu ve G\u00fcney-Do\u011fu Anadolu\u2019da ayr\u0131 bir devlet kurma talebinde bulunan K\u00fcrt\u00e7\u00fc ve b\u00f6l\u00fcc\u00fclerin iddialar\u0131na g\u00f6re K\u00fcrtler bu b\u00f6lgenin otokton halk\u0131 idiler ve T\u00fcrkler gelerek onlar\u0131n topraklar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fgal ettiler. En basit tarih bilgisine sahip olanlar bile T\u00fcrklerin Anadolu\u2019yu Bizans\u2019tan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 <\/em>bilirler. Ancak propaganda, zihinleri o derece istila etmi\u015ftir ki bu apa\u00e7\u0131k ger\u00e7ekleri dahi izah etmek mecburiyeti ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu sebeple bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde T\u00fcrklerin geli\u015fi ve s\u00f6z konusu b\u00f6lgelerin tarihi k\u0131saca anlat\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sel\u00e7uklulardan \u00f6nce de T\u00fcrkler zaman zaman Anadolu\u2019da g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015flerse de as\u0131l yerle\u015fme Sel\u00e7uklular zaman\u0131nda olmu\u015ftur. Sel\u00e7uklu T\u00fcrkleri Anadolu\u2019yu Bizans\u2019tan alarak<\/em> vatan topraklar\u0131 h\u00e2line getirdiler. Bu vak\u0131an\u0131n safhalar\u0131 \u00e7ok k\u0131sa olarak \u015f\u00f6yle \u00f6zetlenebilir.<\/p>\n

Anadolu\u2019daki ilk Sel\u00e7uklu-Bizans sava\u015f\u0131 1048 y\u0131l\u0131nda Hasankale \u00f6nlerinde oldu. Sava\u015f\u0131 kazanan T\u00fcrkler Erzurum\u2019u ald\u0131lar; Van\u2019dan Trabzon\u2019a kadar olan sahada yay\u0131ld\u0131lar (Kafeso\u011flu 1964: 365). 1060-1061 y\u0131llar\u0131nda T\u00fcrkmenler Ahlat, Mu\u015f, Malatya \u00fczerinden ilerleyerek Sivas\u2019\u0131 alm\u0131\u015flar ve Bizans kuvvetlerini bozguna u\u011fratm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r (Kafeso\u011flu 1964: 368). 1064\u2019te Alparslan, Bizans\u2019a ba\u011fl\u0131 bulunan Ani\u2019yi fethetti ve Kars\u2019a girdi (a.y.). Sel\u00e7uklu kumandanlar\u0131ndan Af\u015f\u0131n Be\u011f, 1067 y\u0131l\u0131nda Malatya civar\u0131nda bir Bizans ordusunu bozguna u\u011fratm\u0131\u015f ve Kayseri\u2019ye kadar uzanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (a.y.). Romanos Diyogenes\u2019in T\u00fcrkleri Anadolu\u2019dan \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in harekete ge\u00e7mesi \u00fczerine 1071\u2019de me\u015fhur Malazgirt Sava\u015f\u0131 olmu\u015f ve bu sava\u015ftan sonra Sel\u00e7uklu T\u00fcrk kumandanlar\u0131 \u00f6nlerine \u00e7\u0131kan Bizans kuvvetlerini yene yene birka\u00e7 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde \u00dcsk\u00fcdar\u2019a kadar gelmi\u015flerdir (a.y.).<\/p>\n

Sel\u00e7uklular\u0131n fetihleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda Anadolu topraklar\u0131nda sadece bir K\u00fcrt emirli\u011fi vard\u0131r: Merv\u00e2n\u00eeler. 990\u2019da kurulan ve genellikle Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019\u0131, bazen de Silvan\u2019\u0131 merkez edinen Merv\u00e2n\u00ee Emirli\u011fi bu merkezler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Mardin, Hasankeyf, Cizre ve civar\u0131na h\u00fckmediyordu. Ancak ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z de\u011fildiler; B\u00fcveyh\u00eeler yoluyla Abbas\u00eelere ba\u011fl\u0131 idiler. Sel\u00e7uklular 1055\u2019te B\u00fcveyh\u00eeleri ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131nca \u201cMerv\u00e2n\u00ee em\u00eeri Mansur, 1058 y\u0131l\u0131nda kendi arzusu ile\u201d Sel\u00e7uklulara t\u00e2bi oldu. D\u00f6nemin ana kaynaklar\u0131 olan \u0130bn\u00fclesir\u2019de de, Ebulferec Tarihi\u2019nde de bu husus belirtilmi\u015ftir (Koca 2011: 148, 182). Ancak Mervani emiri Mansur, t\u00e2bi olman\u0131n gereklerini yerine getirmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in Diyarbak\u0131r ve \u00e7evresi 1085\u2019te Sel\u00e7uklu Melik\u015fah taraf\u0131ndan do\u011frudan Sel\u00e7uklu topraklar\u0131na kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019\u0131n al\u0131n\u0131\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131ndaki \u015fu olay ilgi \u00e7ekicidir. Mervani emiri Mansur, Eb\u00fb S\u00e2lim adl\u0131 bir Hristiyan\u2019\u0131 vezir yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. O da memuriyetlere hep Hristiyanlar\u0131 getirmi\u015f ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara \u00e7ok zulmetmi\u015fti (Koca 2011: 149). Diyarbak\u0131r Sel\u00e7uklular taraf\u0131ndan ku\u015fat\u0131l\u0131nca \u201cDiyarbak\u0131r halk\u0131 Melik\u015fah lehinde tezah\u00fcrata giri\u015ferek ve Hristiyanlar\u0131n evlerine h\u00fccum ederek onlardan ve Eb\u00fb S\u00e2lim\u2019den intikam alma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Bu suretle \u00c2mid 1085 Eyl\u00fcl ba\u015f\u0131nda Sel\u00e7uklulara teslim oldu.\u201d (Turan 1969: 159). \u00a0Merv\u00e2n\u00ee s\u00fclalesi K\u00fcrt as\u0131ll\u0131 olmakla beraber Arap\u00e7a konu\u015fuyordu ve 983 y\u0131l\u0131nda Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019\u0131 zapt etmi\u015fti (\u00d6ztuna 1996: 23-24); idare ettikleri b\u00f6lge halk\u0131 da \u00e7o\u011funlukla Arap idi. Yukar\u0131daki olaydan da anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere \u015fehirde hat\u0131r\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131r Hristiyan da bulunmakta idi.<\/p>\n

Sel\u00e7uklu T\u00fcrklerinin fetihleriyle birlikte Do\u011fu ve G\u00fcney-Do\u011fu Anadolu\u2019da bir\u00e7ok T\u00fcrk Be\u011fli\u011fi kuruldu. Bunlarla ilgili olarak Osman Turan\u2019\u0131n eserlerinde ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgi bulmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. T\u00fcrk K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc yay\u0131nlar\u0131ndan olan \u201cT\u00fcrk Mill\u00ee B\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u0130\u00e7erisinde Do\u011fu Anadolu\u201d adl\u0131 eserde de \u00f6zet bilgiler bulunabilir. Bu be\u011fliklerle h\u00e2kim olduklar\u0131 yerler ve tarihler a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n

Saltuko\u011fullar\u0131 (1072-1202): Erzurum, Bayburt, Tercan, Kemah ve \u00e7evresi.<\/p>\n

Meng\u00fc\u00e7eko\u011fullar\u0131 (1080-1228): Erzincan, Kemah, Divri\u011fi, \u015eebinkarahisar ve \u00e7evresi.<\/p>\n

Dilma\u00e7o\u011fullar\u0131 (1084-1393): Bitlis ve Erzen.<\/p>\n

Y\u0131nalo\u011fullar\u0131 (1098-1183): Diyarbak\u0131r ve \u00e7evresi.<\/p>\n

S\u00f6kmeno\u011fullar\u0131 \/ Ahlat\u015fahlar (1110-1207): Malazgirt, Ahlat, Erci\u015f, Adilcevaz, Ele\u015fkirt, Van, Tatvan, Silvan, Mu\u015f ve \u00e7evre il\u00e7eleri.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ubuko\u011fullar\u0131 (1085-1113): Harput, Palu, Arapgir, \u00c7emi\u015fkezek ve \u00e7evresi.<\/p>\n

Artuko\u011fullar\u0131 (12-15. y\u00fczy\u0131llar): Diyarbak\u0131r, Mardin, Hasankeyf, Silvan, Harput ve \u00e7evresi.<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131da say\u0131lan ilk T\u00fcrk devletlerinden sonra Do\u011fu ve G\u00fcney-Do\u011fu Anadolu\u2019nun tarihi ve hangi T\u00fcrk devletlerinin h\u00e2kimiyetinde bulundu\u011fu konusu da \u00f6zet olarak \u015f\u00f6yledir.<\/p>\n

1077\u2019de \u0130znik\u2019te kurulup daha sonra Konya\u2019y\u0131 merkez edinen Anadolu Sel\u00e7uklular\u0131 bir yandan Bizans ve Ha\u00e7l\u0131 ordular\u0131yla sava\u015f\u0131rken bir yandan da Anadolu\u2019nun di\u011fer yerlerini idare etmi\u015fler ve 12. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131ndan itibaren yukar\u0131da say\u0131lan be\u011flikleri idareleri alt\u0131na alarak Anadolu\u2019da T\u00fcrk birli\u011fini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Ancak 1243 K\u00f6seda\u011f sava\u015f\u0131ndan sonra b\u00fct\u00fcn Anadolu\u2019nun h\u00e2kimiyeti \u0130lhanl\u0131lara ge\u00e7er ve bu durum \u0130lhanl\u0131lar\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 1336 tarihine kadar devam eder. \u0130lhanl\u0131lardan sonra Do\u011fu ve G\u00fcney-Do\u011fu Anadolu Karakoyunlu ve Akkoyunlu T\u00fcrk devletlerinin topraklar\u0131d\u0131r. 1365-1469 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f olan Karakoyunlular \u00f6nce Musul, Van G\u00f6l\u00fc \u00e7evresi ve Erzurum\u2019a h\u00e2kim olmu\u015flar; daha sonra b\u00fct\u00fcn Do\u011fu ve G\u00fcney-Do\u011fu Anadolu ile birlikte Irak, \u0130ran ve Kafkasya\u2019ya da h\u00e2kim olarak b\u00fcy\u00fck bir T\u00fcrk devleti h\u00e2line gelmi\u015flerdir. 14. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda Diyarbak\u0131r ve \u00e7evresine h\u00e2kim olan Akkoyunlular ise 1469\u2019da Karakoyunlular\u0131 y\u0131km\u0131\u015flar ve onlar\u0131n sahip olduklar\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn topraklara sahip olmu\u015flard\u0131r. Akkoyunlu h\u00e2kimiyetine 1508\u2019de Safeviler son verir. Akkoyunlular\u0131n resm\u00ee tarihi, Kit\u00e2b-\u0131 Diyarbekriyye<\/em> ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

K\u0131sa s\u00fcre Safevi T\u00fcrk devletinin elinde kalan Do\u011fu ve G\u00fcney-Do\u011fu Anadolu 1514 \u00c7ald\u0131ran ve 1516-17\u00a0 Mercid\u00e2b\u0131k ve Rid\u00e2niye zaferlerinden sonra Osmanl\u0131 T\u00fcrklerinin eline ge\u00e7er.<\/p>\n

K\u00fcrt k\u00f6kenli vatanda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z ve Anadolu<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>Yukar\u0131daki k\u0131sa tarih\u00e7eden anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131d\u0131r ki Do\u011fu ve G\u00fcney-Do\u011fu Anadolu\u00a0 K\u00fcrt k\u00f6kenli vatanda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ana yurdu de\u011fildir. T\u00fcrk k\u00f6kenliler gibi onlar da Anadolu\u2019ya d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan ve sonradan gelmi\u015flerdir. O h\u00e2lde K\u00fcrt k\u00f6kenli vatanda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ana yurdu neresidir? Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde bu konu \u00fczerinde durulacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

K\u00fcrtlerin ilk d\u00f6nemlerinde ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 yerler hakk\u0131nda bilgi veren kaynaklar M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Arap co\u011frafyac\u0131lar\u0131 ve tarih\u00e7ileri taraf\u0131ndan kaleme al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu kaynaklarda 11. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan \u00f6nce K\u00fcrt adl\u0131 bir toplulu\u011fun Anadolu\u2019da ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131na dair hi\u00e7bir kay\u0131t yoktur. Mesela haritac\u0131 ve co\u011frafya bilgini Arap gezgini \u0130drisi\u2019ye (12. yy.) g\u00f6re K\u00fcrtler Fars eyaletinde d\u00f6rt sancak h\u00e2linde ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. \u0130ranl\u0131 co\u011fraya bilgini \u0130stahri (10. yy.) ve Meml\u00fck d\u00f6nemi tarih\u00e7ilerinden Makrizi (14-15. yy.)\u2019ye g\u00f6re de K\u00fcrtler Fars eyaletinde oturmaktad\u0131r. Mes\u2019\u00fbdi (10. yy.) ise K\u00fcrtlerin bir kolunun K\u00fbfe ve Basra\u2019da, di\u011fer kollar\u0131n\u0131n Musul, \u015eam gibi yerlerde bulundu\u011funu kaydeder. Bu konuda Ahsen Batur\u2019un K\u00fcrdoloji Yalanlar\u0131 <\/em>adl\u0131 eserinin 344-356. sayfalar\u0131nda kaynaklara dayanan ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgiler vard\u0131r. K\u00fcrt as\u0131ll\u0131 ilk s\u00fclale olan Merv\u00e2ni\u2019lerle birlikte 10. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda az say\u0131da K\u00fcrt, Irak ve Fars b\u00f6lgelerinden Diyarbak\u0131r ve civar\u0131na gelmi\u015ftir. Esasen o devirde bu s\u00fclaleler imk\u00e2n bulduklar\u0131 yerde h\u00e2kimiyet kuruyorlard\u0131. Nitekim son Mervani emiri Mansur, Diyarbak\u0131r elinden \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131ktan sonra \u0130sfahan\u2019da Sel\u00e7uklu sultan\u0131n\u0131n etraf\u0131nda dola\u015f\u0131p s\u0131zlan\u0131nca Melik\u015fah da kendisine \u201cBa\u011fdat civar\u0131ndaki Harbi kasabas\u0131n\u0131\u201d ikta olarak vermi\u015ftir (Koca 2011: 172).\u00a0 Daha sonraki T\u00fcrk idareleri d\u00f6nemlerinde de Irak ve Fars co\u011frafyalar\u0131ndan Anadolu\u2019ya K\u00fcrt g\u00f6\u00e7leri olmu\u015ftur. En yo\u011fun K\u00fcrt g\u00f6\u00e7leri ise \u00c7ald\u0131ran sava\u015f\u0131ndan sonra ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi Merv\u00e2niler zaman\u0131ndaki az say\u0131da K\u00fcrt g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fc hari\u00e7 tutarsak K\u00fcrt k\u00f6kenli vatanda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n Anadolu\u2019ya geli\u015fi hep T\u00fcrk idareleri d\u00f6nemlerindedir. Nitekim Cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminde, \u00f6zellikle son 30-40 y\u0131lda K\u00fcrt k\u00f6kenli vatanda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n Diyarbak\u0131r, Urfa, Van, Bing\u00f6l \u015fehir merkezlerine g\u00f6\u00e7t\u00fcklerini de biliyoruz.<\/p>\n

Bilindi\u011fi \u00fczere 1965\u2019e kadar genel n\u00fcfus say\u0131mlar\u0131nda ana dil sorulmu\u015ftur. 1965 say\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye n\u00fcfusunun % 90.11\u2019inin ana dili T\u00fcrk\u00e7e, % 7.07\u2019sinin ana dili K\u00fcrt\u00e7e, % 0.48\u2019inin ana dili Zazaca olarak tespit edilmi\u015ftir. Daha sonra muhtelif ara\u015ft\u0131rma \u015firketlerinin yapt\u0131klar\u0131 anketlerden ba\u015fka elimizde herhangi bir veri bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Bu ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda da \u00e7eli\u015fkili sonu\u00e7lar g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. \u00c7eli\u015fkilerin, y\u00f6ntem hatalar\u0131 veya eksikliklerinden kaynaklanmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu gibi, tarafl\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131mlardan da kaynaklanmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bu sebeple devletin n\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131yla veya ba\u015fka bir y\u00f6ntemle ger\u00e7ek say\u0131y\u0131 tespit etmesinde fayda vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fu ve G\u00fcney-Do\u011fu b\u00f6lgelerinin ad\u0131 ve idari birimleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>Do\u011fu ve G\u00fcney-Do\u011fu Anadolu 19. y\u00fczy\u0131ldaki k\u0131sa bir d\u00f6nem (1848-1867) hari\u00e7 hi\u00e7bir zaman K\u00fcrdistan ad\u0131n\u0131 almam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yukar\u0131da k\u0131saca \u00f6zetledi\u011fimiz tarih\u00ee olgunun sonucu olarak Do\u011fu Anadolu Avrupal\u0131larca uzun y\u0131llar Turcomanie (T\u00fcrkmen \u00fclkesi) olarak an\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130lk olarak \u0130\u00e7 ve Do\u011fu Anadolu i\u00e7in 12. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Marco Polo bu tabiri kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Daha sonra 15. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131na kadar b\u00fct\u00fcn Avrupa co\u011frafya literat\u00fcr\u00fcnde Do\u011fu Anadolu Turcomanie olarak zikredilir (Pauthier, Le Livre de Marco Polo<\/em> 1865: 35-36. -Koca 2011, 233\u2019ten-). Bat\u0131l\u0131lar G\u00fcney-Do\u011fu Anadolu i\u00e7in K\u00fcrdistan tabirini ancak 19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda kullanmaya ba\u015flarlar.<\/p>\n

Diyarbak\u0131r, Siirt, Mardin, Urfa ve \u00e7evresi Hz. \u00d6mer devrinde \u0130slam Devleti topraklar\u0131na kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, Emeviler ve Abbasiler devrinde de T\u00fcrkler gelinceye kadar bu devletin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde bulunmu\u015ftur. Arap idaresi d\u00f6neminde Yukar\u0131 Mezopotamya \u00fc\u00e7 idar\u00ee b\u00f6lgeye ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Harran, Urfa, Rakka, Suru\u00e7 b\u00f6lgesi Diy\u00e2r-\u0131 Mudar; Nusaybin, Cizre, Sincar b\u00f6lgesi Diy\u00e2r-\u0131 Rab\u00eea; Silvan, Diyarbak\u0131r, Erzen, Mardin, Siirt, Hasankeyf b\u00f6lgesi Diy\u00e2r-\u0131 Bekr ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yordu. Mudar, Rab\u00eea ve Bekr, Arap as\u0131ll\u0131 s\u00fclale adlar\u0131yd\u0131 (Koca 2011: 147). G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi Arap d\u00f6neminde b\u00f6lge K\u00fcrdistan veya Diy\u00e2r-\u0131 K\u00fcrd olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

10. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan itibaren b\u00f6lgenin baz\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 Bizans idaresine girer. Bizans d\u00f6nemindeki idari te\u015fkilatlara thema ad\u0131 verilir. Y\u00fczy\u0131llarca Anadolu\u2019yu idare eden Bizans devletinin themalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda K\u00fcrdistan anlam\u0131na gelebilecek, K\u00fcrt ad\u0131yla ilgili hi\u00e7bir isim yoktur. Mesela 899-911 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Yukar\u0131 F\u0131rat havzas\u0131ndaki theman\u0131n ad\u0131 Mesopotamia, 1032-1086 aras\u0131nda Urfa b\u00f6lgesindeki theman\u0131n ad\u0131 Edessa, 1021-1071 aras\u0131nda Van g\u00f6l\u00fc ve civar\u0131ndaki theman\u0131n ad\u0131 Vasprakania idi.<\/p>\n

Prof. Dr. Tuncer Baykara\u2019n\u0131n Anadolu\u2019nun Tarih\u00ee Co\u011frafyas\u0131na Giri\u015f I \u2013 Anadolu\u2019nun \u0130dari Taksimat\u0131\u201d adl\u0131 eserinde T\u00fcrkler d\u00f6neminde b\u00f6lgenin idari taksimat\u0131 ve adlar\u0131 yerli ve yabanc\u0131 kaynaklara dayand\u0131r\u0131larak uzun uzun anlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Konuyu birka\u00e7 \u00f6rnekle k\u0131saca \u015f\u00f6yle \u00f6zetleyebiliriz.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fu Anadolu ile G\u00fcney-Do\u011fu Anadolu\u2019daki ilk T\u00fcrk devletleri olan Anadolu Sel\u00e7uklular\u0131, Karakoyunlu ve Akkoyunlu d\u00f6nemlerinde de b\u00f6lge i\u00e7in K\u00fcrdistan ad\u0131 kullan\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nemlerde Diyarbak\u0131r ve \u00e7evresi Diyarbekr olarak ge\u00e7er.<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6nemine gelince. \u00c7ald\u0131ran sava\u015f\u0131ndan hemen sonra 1515\u2019te Diyarbekir Be\u011flerbe\u011fili\u011fi kurulur. 16. as\u0131rda b\u00f6lgedeki be\u011flerbe\u011filikler, kurulu\u015f tarihleri ve merkezleri \u015f\u00f6yledir: Diyarbekir (1515 \u2013 \u00c2mid), Haleb (1516 \u2013 Haleb), Z\u00fclkadriye (1522 \u2013 Mara\u015f), Erzurum (1533 \u2013 Erzurum), Van (1548 \u2013 Van), \u00c7\u0131ld\u0131r (1578 \u2013 \u00c7\u0131ld\u0131r), Kars (1580 \u2013 Kars). Bu be\u011flerbe\u011filikler daha sonra vil\u00e2yet ad\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r. Vil\u00e2yet-i Diyarbekr, Vil\u00e2yet-i Erzurum gibi. G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi be\u011flerbe\u011filikler ve vilayetlerin hi\u00e7biri de K\u00fcrdistan ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131mamaktad\u0131r. 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131nda b\u00f6lgede Mara\u015f, Diyarbekir, Sivas, Erzurum, \u00c7\u0131ld\u0131r, Kars ve Van eyaletleri vard\u0131r; yani K\u00fcrdistan diye bir eyalet yine yoktur (Baykara 2000: 104-106).<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminde K\u00fcrdistan ad\u0131yla bir eyalet ilk defa 13 Aral\u0131k 1847\u2019de kurulur; o da 20 y\u0131l s\u00fcrer ve 1867\u2019de kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bu eyalet, Mu\u015f, Van, Hakk\u00e2ri, Cizre ve Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019dan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r (Baykara 2000: 111, 118). 1867\u2019 den itibaren b\u00f6lge yine Van Valili\u011fi, Diyarbekir Vil\u00e2yeti adlar\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r. Bu durum, 1876 ve 1908 y\u0131llar\u0131na ait saln\u00e2melerden a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n

KAYNAKLAR<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>Alaaddin Ata Melik C\u00fcveyni (1988), Tarih-i Cihan G\u00fc\u015fa<\/em> (\u00c7eviren: M\u00fcrsel \u00d6zt\u00fcrk), Ankara, K\u00fclt\u00fcr Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Yay\u0131nlar\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ats\u0131z, \u00c7ift\u00e7io\u011flu N. (1949), \u201c\u00c2\u015f\u0131kpa\u015fao\u011flu Tarihi\u201d Osmanl\u0131 Tarihleri I<\/em>, \u0130stanbul, T\u00fcrkiye Yay\u0131nevi.<\/p>\n

Batur, Ahsen (2011), K\u00fcrdoloji Yalanlar\u0131,<\/em> \u0130stanbul, Selenge Yay\u0131nlar\u0131.<\/p>\n

Baykara, Tuncer (2000), Anadolu\u2019nun Tarih\u00ee Co\u011frafyas\u0131na Giri\u015f I \u2013 Anadolu\u2019nun<\/em> \u0130dari Taksimat\u0131,<\/em> Ankara, T\u00fcrk K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc Yay\u0131nlar\u0131.<\/p>\n

B\u00fclb\u00fcl, Tuncay (2011), Mensur Bir Hik\u00e2ye: Tarih-i M\u0131sr-\u0131 Ced\u00eed \u2013 \u0130nceleme-Metin<\/em>, Ankara, Grafiker Yay\u0131nlar\u0131.<\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrk Kl\u00e2sikleri<\/em>, Cilt 2, 4, 7, 9 (1986-1989), \u0130stanbul, \u00d6t\u00fcken-S\u00f6\u011f\u00fct Yay\u0131nlar\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ercilasun, Ahmet B. (2007), Makaleler \u2013 Dil-Destan-Tarih-Edebiyat<\/em> (Yay\u0131na haz\u0131rlayan: Ekrem Ar\u0131ko\u011flu), Ankara, Ak\u00e7a\u011f Yay\u0131nlar\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ercilasun, Ahmet B. \u2013 Akkoyunlu Ziyat (2014), K\u00e2\u015fgarl\u0131 Mahmud \u2013 D\u00eev\u00e2nu Lug\u00e2ti\u2019t-T\u00fcrk \u2013 Giri\u015f-Metin-\u00c7eviri-Notlar-Dizin<\/em>, Ankara, T\u00fcrk Dil Kurumu Yay\u0131nlar\u0131.<\/p>\n

Howard, George William Frederick (1978), T\u00fcrk Sular\u0131nda Seyahat<\/em> (\u00c7eviren: \u015eevket Serdar T\u00fcret), \u0130stanbul, Terc\u00fcman 1001 Temel Eser.<\/p>\n

Kafeso\u011flu, \u0130brahim (1964), \u201cSel\u00e7uklular\u201d, \u0130sl\u00e2m Ansiklopedisi<\/em>, 104. c\u00fcz, \u0130stanbul, Mill\u00ee E\u011fitim Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yay\u0131n\u0131.<\/p>\n

Karg\u0131 \u00d6lmez, Zuhal (1996), Ebulgazi Bahad\u0131r Han \u2013 \u015eecere-i Ter\u00e2kime<\/em> (T\u00fcrkmenlerin Soyk\u00fct\u00fc\u011f\u00fc),<\/em> Ankara, Simurg Yay\u0131nlar\u0131.<\/p>\n

Koca, Salim (2011), Sel\u00e7uklu Devri T\u00fcrk Tarihinin Temel Meseleleri<\/em>, Ankara, Berikan Yay\u0131nevi.<\/p>\n

K\u00fclt\u00fcral, Z\u00fchal \u2013 Beyreli, Latif (1999), \u015eer\u00eef\u00ee \u015eehn\u00e2me \u00c7evirisi, Cilt-I (Giri\u015f \u2013 Metin),<\/em> Ankara, T\u00fcrk Dil Kurumu Yay\u0131nlar\u0131.<\/p>\n

Liu Mau-Tsai (2006), \u00c7in Kaynaklar\u0131na G\u00f6re Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkleri<\/em> (\u00c7eviri: Ersel Kayao\u011flu \u2013 Deniz Bano\u011flu), \u0130stanbul, Selenge Yay\u0131nlar\u0131.<\/p>\n

M\u00fcller, Mrs. Max (1978), \u0130stanbul\u2019dan Mektuplar<\/em> (\u00c7eviren: Afife Bu\u011fra), \u0130stanbul, 1001 Temel Eser.<\/p>\n

\u00d6ztuna, Y\u0131lmaz (1996), Devletler ve H\u00e2nedanlar \u2013 T\u00fcrkiye (1074-1990),<\/em> Cilt II, Ankara, K\u00fclt\u00fcr Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Yay\u0131nlar\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u015ee\u015fen, Ramazan (1998), \u0130sl\u00e2m Co\u011frafyac\u0131lar\u0131na G\u00f6re T\u00fcrkler ve T\u00fcrk Devletleri,<\/em> Ankara, T\u00fcrk K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc Yay\u0131nlar\u0131.<\/p>\n

Taber\u00ee I*** (1955), Milletler ve H\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar Tarihi<\/em> (\u00c7evirenler: Z\u00e2kir Kadir\u00ee Ugan \u2013 Ahmet Temir), Ankara, Maarif Vek\u00e2leti yay\u0131n\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ta\u015fa\u011f\u0131l, Ahmet (1995), G\u00f6k-T\u00fcrkler<\/em>, Ankara, T\u00fcrk Tarih Kurumu Yay\u0131nlar\u0131.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e9venot, Jean (1978), 1655-1656\u2019da T\u00fcrkiye<\/em> (\u00c7eviren: Nuray Y\u0131ld\u0131z), \u0130stanbul, Terc\u00fcman 1001 Temel Eser.<\/p>\n

Tott, Baron de (1970?), T\u00fcrkler \u2013 18. y.y\u0131lda<\/em> (\u00c7eviren: M. Re\u015fat Uzmen), \u0130stanbul, Terc\u00fcman 1001 Temel Eser.<\/p>\n

Turan, Osman (1969), Sel\u00e7uklular Tarihi ve T\u00fcrk-\u0130sl\u00e2m Medeniyeti<\/em>, \u0130stanbul, Turan Ne\u015friyat Yurdu.<\/p>\n

Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m, Dursun (2000), \u201c[Ergene Kon] = [Erkin K\u00fcn] m\u00fc?\u201d, T\u00fcrk Dili Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131<\/em> Y\u0131ll\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2013 Belleten 1997<\/em>, Ankara, T\u00fcrk Dil Kurumu Yay\u0131nlar\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00fcrk ad\u0131 ne zamandan beri kullan\u0131l\u0131yor? Tarihimizin ku\u015f bak\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir \u00f6zetini nas\u0131l yapabiliriz? Anadolu’yu kimlerden ald\u0131k? Anadolu’da T\u00fcrk varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve idari b\u00f6lgeler… Bunlar gibi daha bir\u00e7ok konuyu yazar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n kaleminden okuyacaks\u0131n\u0131z. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":10157,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[62,2,66,68],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nAd\u0131m\u0131z \u2013 tarihimiz \u2013 \u00fclkemiz: Tarihimiz - M\u0130SAK- Mill\u00ee Strateji Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurulu<\/title>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/adimiz-tarihimiz-ulkemiz-tarihimiz\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ad\u0131m\u0131z \u2013 tarihimiz \u2013 \u00fclkemiz: Tarihimiz - M\u0130SAK- Mill\u00ee Strateji Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurulu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"T\u00fcrk ad\u0131 ne zamandan beri kullan\u0131l\u0131yor? 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Seattle\/ABD (misafir ara\\u015ft\\u0131rmac\\u0131). 1967-1971: Atat\\u00fcrk \\u00dcniversitesi. Eserleri: - Arpa\\u00e7ay K\\u00f6ylerinden Derlemeler (Prof. Dr. Sel\\u00e2hattin Olcay ve Dr. Ensar Aslan'la birlikte) (Ankara 1976). - Bug\\u00fcnk\\u00fc T\\u00fcrk Alfabeleri I-II (Ankara 1977). - Kars \\u0130li Ag\\u0131zlar\\u0131 - Ses Bilgisi (Ankara 1983). - Kutadgu Bilig Grameri \\u2013 Fiil (Ankara 1984). - Dilde Birlik (\\u0130stanbul 1984). - Uygur Halk Masallar\\u0131 (\\u015eek\\u00fcr Turan'la birlikte) (Ankara 1989). - \\u00d6rneklerle Bug\\u00fcnk\\u00fc T\\u00fcrk Alfabeleri (Ankara 1990). - Mo\\u011folistan ve \\u00c7in G\\u00fcnl\\u00fc\\u011f\\u00fc (Ankara 1991). - Kar\\u015f\\u0131la\\u015ft\\u0131rmal\\u0131 T\\u00fcrk Leh\\u00e7eleri S\\u00f6zl\\u00fc\\u011f\\u00fc 1-2 (ortak) (Ankara 1991, 1992). - T\\u00fcrk D\\u00fcnyas\\u0131 \\u00dczerine \\u0130ncelemeler (Ankara 1998). - T\\u00fcrk Dili I-II-III-IV (Leyla Karahan ile birlikte) (Ankara 1994-1996). - G\\u00fclnar -roman- (\\u0130stanbul 1998). - Ba\\u015flang\\u0131\\u00e7tan Yirminci Y\\u00fczy\\u0131la T\\u00fcrk Dili Tarihi (Ankara 2004). - 2BA Beden Beyin Ak\\u0131m\\u0131 -roman- (Ankara 2006). - Kar\\u015f\\u0131la\\u015ft\\u0131rmal\\u0131 T\\u00fcrk Leh\\u00e7eleri Grameri-I Fiil - Basit \\u00c7ekim (Ortak) (Ankara 2006). - Makaleler \\u2013 Dil-Destan-Tarih-Edebiyat (Yay\\u0131na haz\\u0131rlayan: Ekrem Ar\\u0131ko\\u011flu) (Ankara 2007). - T\\u00fcrk Leh\\u00e7eleri Grameri (Edit\\u00f6r) (Ankara 2007). - K\\u00e2\\u015fgarl\\u0131 Mahmud - D\\u00eev\\u00e2nu Lug\\u00e2ti\\u2019t-T\\u00fcrk \\u2013 Giri\\u015f-Metin-\\u00c7eviri-Notlar-Dizin (Ziyat Akkoyunlu ile birlikte) (Ankara 2014). - T\\u00fcrk\\u2019\\u00fcn Kay\\u0131p Kitab\\u0131-Ulu Han Ata -roman- (Ankara 2016). - T\\u00fcrk Ka\\u011fanl\\u0131\\u011f\\u0131 ve T\\u00fcrk Beng\\u00fc Ta\\u015flar\\u0131 (Ankara 2016). - Bir\\u00e7ok ilm\\u00ee ve fikr\\u00ee makale. - K\\u00f6\\u015fe Yaz\\u0131lar\\u0131 (2008'den itibaren Yeni\\u00e7a\\u011f gazetesinde).\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9961"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9961"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9961\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10158,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9961\/revisions\/10158"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10157"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9961"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9961"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millidusunce.com\/misak\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9961"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}